Ten fiches. Contains: FICHE NR. 57 1 - Lehesten 1938. Küchler an Ihmels - o.O., o.J. "The situation of the Germans in D e u t s c h - O s t a f r i k a under mandate and in British East Africa in the first weeks of the war." (typewritten) - Grossolbersdorf 1940. Everth to Mission Director (4 letters) - 1941. "On the Situation of Lutheran Missions." (Maschinegeschrieben) - 1942: "Questions about the current state of the East African field of work of the Leipzig Evangelical Lutherans. Mission in Tanganyika Territory." (typewritten) - o.K., o.J. "News on the situation of the Leipzig Mission." Maneromango 1943. Tanganyika. A new, daunting task. (From a private letter from Arne Magnusson to Mission Director Bäfwerfeldt.)" - Machame 1943. Magnusson "Towards a new field of work... (From: Svenska Kyrkans Missionstidning. ... 1943. Translated by M. Weishaupt.)" - Berlin 1943. Knak "To the East African Missionaries of the Berlin Mission." - 1943: To the German Mission Council, Department for Foreign Exchange Requests (concerning request for permission to execute 1000 New Testaments in "Kidschaggadialekt" [translation Gutmann]) - 1943: To Knak (2 letters) - "Aus: V. Sicard, Reise durch Tanganyika. 1943/44." (Maschinegeschrieben) - Leipzig 1944. Ihmels to employee - "Copy from a letter from , Würzburg, ... 1944." (omission in original) - "Tanganyika. From Mission Secretary Gunnar Dahlquist. ... From: Svenska Kyrkans Missionsstyrelses Arsbok 1943, Upsala 1942. Translated by M. Weishaupt)." (typed) - o.O., o.J. Sicard (on behalf of the Swedish Church) on Filipo Njau (transcript, typed) - "On the slopes of Kilimanjaro. (From: Harals v. Sicard: Sweden, U.S.A., Africa Page 294 ff. ... <font color="#ffff00">-==- proudly presents Weishaupt)" - Machame 1946. Reusch an Jäschke (with statistical data about churches) - "From: Calendar 1946 (Swahili), Vuga Missionsdruckerei, Tang. Terr." (Anderson) in translation (typewritten) with accompanying letter from Blumer to Ihmels - "Tanganyika. From Mission Secretary Gunnar Dahlquist. ... (From the Yearbook of the Swedish Church Mission 1944, pp. 151-159. Translation: M Weishaupt)." - Leipzig 1946. Ihmels to Reusch - 1946. Ihmels to Bersell, Augustana Synod, Minneapolis, U.S.A. - Camp Norton 1946. Rother to Secretary of the International Missionary Council, London, New York. (2 letters; transcript; English) - Leipzig 1946. transcript of a letter from Stefano Moschi (3 copies) - 1946 "Tanganyika. By Pastor Gustav Bernander." Translated from Swedish by Weishaupt). FICHE NR. 57 2 - Continued - Brumsdorf 1947. Rother to Mission Inspector - Leipzig 1948. Ihmel's "Conference Report from Africa" (double) - "Touring Tanganyika by S.Hjalmar Swanson Rock Island, Illinois 1948 page 134 ff." - Leipzig 1949. Ihmels - Bukoba 1949. Superintendent Evangelical Church an Althaus (transcript) With accompanying letter from Althaus an Ihmels - Machame 1949. "The meeting of the Executive Council of the Lutheran Church of Northern Tanganyika with the Rev. Dr. Fredrik A. Schiotz, representative of the National Lutheran Council of the United States of Americ and Canada. ... Translated from the Swahili Minutes by the Church Secretary" - London 1948. Conversations on Tanganyika 22nd June, 1948" - Leipzig 1948. Ihmels "An unsere Ostafrika - Missionare" - Leipzig 1949. Rother "To some friends and missionary colleages working in Tanganyika Territory." (English) - Machame 1949. Danielson to "Official Brother" - Lushoto 1949. Lutheran Mission Press to ? (English) - 1949 "Draft: To the Christians of the Lutheran Church of Northern Tanganyika" - "Copy from a letter from Senior D. Gutmann dated 14.1.50 to Mr. Missionsinsp. Küchler". - "Growth of a young East African church's willingness to sacrifice in this decade." - "Transcript: Excerpt from a letter Pf. Leistner - Cape Town to Miss Hempel from 18.4.50" - Hamburg 1950. ? - German Evangelical Mission Council to Küchler - Machame 1950. Danielson to Ihmels (English) - Marangu 1950. ? "For the hands of the shepherd D.Dr.Bruno Gutmann" - "Article from the Tanganyika Standard of June 26, 1950. The Lutheran Mission hands over 32,000 acres of land to the government. Berlin mission property in prospect by the government for a hotel." (Typewritten; Translation: Rother). FICHE NR. 57 3 - continued - Leipzig 1950: "Entwurf I" (German) and "Entwurf II" (English) to Danielson (2 letters) - "Aus einem Brief von D. Gutmann vom 12. Juni: (1949 od. 1950)" - Leipzig 1950: Ihmels to Danielson (English) - Machame 1950: Danielson to Ihmels (English) - Kinampanda 1950. Augustana Lutheran Mission to Ihmels (English) - 1950 Danielson ("Report to the Synod of the President of the Church"; handwritten) "RIPOTI YA MKUU WA KANISA KWA MKUTANO MKUU WA 1950 WA KANISA LA KILUTHERI LA TANGANYIKA YA KASKAZINI" (machine-written) - Singida 1950 Augustana Lutheran Mission (Anderson) to Rother (English) - "Transcript to the Synod of the President of the Church" - "Singida 1950 Augustana Lutheran Mission (Anderson) to Rother (English) - "Transcript to the Synod of the President of the Church" (handwritten) Report of the Superintendent of the North Church of Tanganyika at the Kirchentag 1950. (shortened)" (2-fold) - Daressalaam 1950. Secretariat to Anderson - Singida 1950. National Lutheran Council (Anderson) to Ihmels (2 letters; English) - New York 1950. National Lutheran Council. Commision on younger churches and or-phande Missions (Schiotz) an Brennecke, Knak, Ihmels bzw. nur Ihmels (3 letters; English) - Leipzig 1950. An Schiotz - Leipzig 1950. An Anderson (draft) - Leipzig 1950. An Anderson (English; 2x) - Machame Mission 1950. Lutheran Church of Northern Tanganyika an Anderson - Leipzig 1950. Ihmels an Danielson (draft and English translation) - Machame 1951. Lutheran Church of Northern Tanganyika (Danielson) an Ihmels (English) - 1951. Schiotz an Danielson (English; copy) - Leipzig 1951. An Moschi (German and English; concerning invitation to the German Protestant Kirchentag in Berlin) - Leipzig 1951. An Moschi (German and English; concerning cancellation of the trip to the Kirchentag) - "Excerpt from the Minutes of the 3rd Annual Meeting of the Commission on World Missions Lutheran World Federation in Breklum ... 1951" - Leipzig 1951. An Anderson (English). FICHE NR. 57 4 - continued - Leipzig 1951. An Anderson (draft) - Leipzig 1951. An Anderson (4 letters each in German draft and English translation) - Singida 1951. National Lutheran Council (Anderson) an Ihmels (2 letters; English) - "To the Church of Northern Tanganyika." (draft) - o.O., o.J. "To Kilimanjaro again?" (Typewritten) - "Home meets mission. The story of Dr. Bersell's visit to the Kilimanjaro region, of Kermit E. Joungdale, Missonar in Moschi, T.T." (typewritten) - Leipzig 1951. An Reusch (2 letters) - Nkoaranga 1951. Reusch to Mission Director - Leipzig 1952. An Anderson (2 letters each German draft and English translation) - Leipzig 1952. An Peltola - Arusha 1952. Lutheran Secondary School an The Provincial Education Officer - Daressalaam 1952; The Member for Law and Order, the Secretariat an The General Director, National Lutheran Council - 1952; Anderson an The Member for Law and Order - Leipzig 1952; An Magney - 1952. An Rother - Marangu 1952. Peltola an Ihmels - Singida 1952. Anderson an Ihmels (3 letters; English) - Leipzig 1952. An Danielson (German draft and English translation) - Daressalaam 1951. An Brennecke - Leipzig 1952. An Anderson (2 letters; English) - Machame 1952. Lutheran Church of Northern Tanganyika (Danielson) an Ihmels (English) - Leipzig 1952. An Peltola - Leipzig 1952. An Danielson (German draft and English translation) - 1952. An OKR Hübner - New York 1952. National Lutherna Council. Commission on Younger Churches and Orphaned Missions (Schiotz) an Ihmels (English) - Machame 1952. Schiotz an Ihmels (English) - o.O., o.J. "Joint Statement of the Leipzig Mission Society and CYCOM in Response to a Document Submitted by the Lutheran Church in Northern Tangiac". - "MINUTES Tanganyika Sub-Committee Commission on World Missions of the Lutheran World Federation ... Berlin ... 1952". FICHE NR. 57 5 - Continued - Machame 1952. Schiotz to Ihmels - "Joint Statement by the Leipzig Mission Society and CYCOM ...." (see Fiche No 57 4 ) - not applicable, o.J. Danielson "Lutheran Church of Northern Tanganyika Qualifications of Missionaries for this Church" - Marangu 1952. Pelltola an Ihmels - Machame 1952. Lutheran Church of Northern Tanganyika (Danielson) an Schiotz (with copy to Ihmels; English) - Leipzig 1952. An Schiotz - Leipzig 1952. An Danielson (English; 2x) - Leipzig 1952. An Peltola - Leipzig 1952. An Reusch - "Excerpt from Schiotz letter to Dr. Danielson of ... 1952" - Leipzig 1953 Ihmels ("Confidential Report" about a Tanganyika-report 1953) - "From the Work of the Leipzig Mission: East Africa" (machine-written) - 1953 An Moshi - New York 1953. The Lutheran World Federation (Schiotz) at Brennecke and Ihmels or only at Ihmels (2 letters; English) - 1953 Schiotz at Rodgers (copy of a copy; English) - New York 1953. National Lutheran Council. Commission on Younger Churches and Orphaned Missions (Schiotz) an Brennecke, Ihmels, Ronicke, Freytag or only to Ihmels (3 letters; English) - 1953. Schiotz an Anderson and Friberg ("Visit of German Mission Secretaries to Tanganyika"; English; copy) - Leipzig 1953. An Schiotz (3 letters) - Leipzig 1953. An Danielson (English) - 1953. Schiotz an Anderson - "Constitution of the Lutheran Missions Council of Tanganyika" - Kinampanda 1953 Anderson "To the Heads of Lutheran Missions" - 1953 Anderson an "The Principal Immigration Officer" - Kinampanda 1953 Lutheran Mission Council (Anderson) "To All Field Superintendents" - 1953 Tanganyika Sub-Committee. Commission on World Missions, L.W.F. "The Lutheran World Federation and its Spiritual Trusteeship in the Administration of former German Mission Fields in Tanganyika" - Kinampanda 1953. Anderson "To All Members of the Lutheran Missions Council" - 1953. Schiotz an Danielson und Friberg - New York 1953. The Lutheran World Federation, Department on World Missions (Schiotz) an Ihmels (2 letters) - Arusha / Bethel 1953. Ronicke an Ihmels et al. (2 letters; partly in English; translations from the stenogram) - 1953. Schiotz an Ihmels et al. "Participating in the Work of the Tanganyika LM" (English) - Mamba 1953. Moshi an Ihmels (language?) - Machame 1953. Lutheran Church of Northern Tanganyika (Danielson) an Ihmels (English) - Bethel 1953. Bethel-Mission an Ihmels und Brennecke. FICHE NR. 57 6 - 1953-1954; Schiotz / CYCOM to Ihmels partly a.o. (7 letters; English) - 1953; Schiotz to Hutt (2 letters; English; copy) - Bukoba 1953; Ronicke to Ihmels partly a.o. (2-fold) - Gonja-Hospital 1953; To Mission Director - Erlangen 1953; Ihmels to Danielson - Erlangen 1953. Ihmels an Schiotz - Leipzig 1953. An Schiotz - 1953. Schiotz an Anderson - Daressalaam 1953. The Secretariat (Hutt) an Anderson - "A Joint Statement by the Leipzig Mission Society and CYCOM in reply to a Statement Submitted by the Lutheran Church of Northern Tanganyika." - National Lutheran Council "... how your Account stands at the present" - Kinampanda 1953; Anderson an Schiotz, "All Boards and Societies of the LMC" and others - Singida 1953-1954; National Lutheran Council (Anderson) an "The Honourable The Chief Secretary" - 1953-1954. Anderson to Schiotz (2 letters; English) - New York 1953. National Lutheran Council CYCOM to Brennecke, Ihmels, Ronicke - Nkoaranga 1953. Reusch to Ihmels (concerning Blumer) - 1954. Freytag to Schiotz, New York (English) - Holle 1954. Ihmels to Arnesen - Leipzig 1954. Ev.-luth. mission "Testimonial" (concerning English knowledge of Schliesseit; multiple execution) - Leipzig 1954. an Anderson (3 letters, partly German draft and English translation) - 1954. Lutheran Mission Council of Tanganyika (Anderson) an ? (copy; English) - 1954. Anderson an Ihmels (English) - Geneva 1954. LWF Department of World Missions (Schiotz) an Brennecke, Ihmels, Ronicke (English) - Leipzig 1954. An Anderson (2 letters; partly German draft and English translation) - Machame o.J. Lutheran Church of Northern Tanganyika an "newly-arrived fellow-worker" - Leipzig 1954 "To the churches and institutions associated with us, as well as to the Regional Church Works and Associations for External Mission." (concerning invitation to the General Assembly) - New York 1954. Phelps-Stokes Fund (Ross) to Heinrich (English) - "Outline Agenda" Tanganyika Sub-Committee. Hoekelum, Holland - "Report to Tanganyika Sub-Commitee A Survey of Textbooks needed for the Teaching of Christianity in Lutheran Mission Schools" - "Minutes of the meeting of the Lutheran Mission Council ... Arusha ... 1954" (English). FICHE NR. 57 7 - Continued - "Appendix B Minutes of the meeting of the Board of Literature and Publikations Arusha ... 1954"; "Lutheran Mission Council 1955 Budget" - "Minutes of special meeting of the LMC, Nkoaranga ... 1954" - Leipzig 1954. An Danielson - Leipzig 1954. "An unsere Ostafrika-Missionare in der DDR" - 1954. An die Konsulabteilung des Auswärtigen Amtes (betr. Einreisegenehmigung für Moshi) - 1954. An das Lutherische Kirchenmat (betr. Einreise Moshi) - Leipzig 1954. To our East Africa missionaries and sisters (concerning refusal of entry permit for Moshi) - 1954. To Kellermann - Berlin 1954. Government of the GDR to Leipzig Mission (concerning refusal of entry permit for Moshi) - 1954. To Schatte - 1954. CYCOM "Financial Report ... 1953" with various letters; "Constitution of the Usambara - Tanga Mission of the National Lutheran Council"; "By-Laws of the Usambara - Tanga Mission of the ..."; "Rules for Missionaries of the Usambara - Tanga Mission ..."; "Observations of the future of the Bumbult Medical School" (English). FICHE NR. 57 8 - continued - Leipzig 1954-1956; An Hall (5 letters) - Leipzig 1955; An Danielson (5 letters; German draft and English translation) - Leipzig 1955; An Friberg (2 letters; German draft and English translation) - Ihmels "Zur Information für alle Beteiligten" (concerning Moshi's journey home) - Machame 1955; Lutheran Church of Northern Tanganyika an Hall (English) - New York 1954; Hall an Ihmels (2 letters; English) - Machame 1955. Lutheran Church of Northern Tanganyika to Ihmels (2 letters; English) - 1955 Hall to Danielson (2 letters; English) - Vuga, Lushoto 1955 Friberg to Ihmels (English) - Hamburg 1955 German Evangelical Mission Council (Freytag) to Ihmels - Vuga 1955. Friberg an Hall (English) - Machame 1955-1956. CYCOM (Hall) an Kellermann (4 letters; English) - New York 1956. Commission on Younger Churches and Orphaned Missions (CYCOM) an Bethel-Mission (concerning Qualifications of Missionary Medical Staff) - "Votes: That the following resolution be submitted to the Council for ist consideration at ist 1956 Annual Meeting" - New York 1956. National Lutheran Council. Lutheran World Federation Affairs to Ihmels or Ronicke (5 letters; German and English) - "Excerpt from Miss Ohlekopf's letter to the Bethel Mission ... 1956" - Bethel 1956. Ronicke to Ihmels - 1956. An Hall - Leipzig 1956. An Ohlekopf (2 letters) - Bethel 1956. Bethel mission to Hermann - Minneaota 1956. Hall to Ihmels (English) - Leipzig 1956. An Hermann - Geneva 1956. LWF to Ihmels and others (concerning "Pooling of Medical and Educational Grants"; English) - o.O., o.J. "A country waiting for the future. What's happening at Kilimanjaro today?" FICHE NR. 57 9 - Geneva 1956-1958 LWF (Birkeli; Sovik) to Ihmels inter alia "Declaration of Policy concerning Lutheran Work in Tanganyika"; "Need of an lady missionary to assist in the Christian Bookshop at Mosh

Contains among other things: Brochure of an East African railway from Dar es Salaam to Usagara, 1887 Projected connection of the railway network from South West Africa to the railway network of the South African Union, with attitude of General Smuts, 1912 "Kolonialeisenbahn-Verkehrsordnung vom 1. Juli 1913" (print), 1913 Otavi Minen- und Eisenbahngesellschaft Berlin. Annual Report 1912 - 1913 (print), 1913 German interests in Katanga/Congo, 1913 - 1914

History of the Inventor: After the German Reich had abandoned an active colonial policy in the first years of its existence due to foreign policy considerations, this changed in 1884. The colonies Deutsch-Südwestafrika, Togo, Cameroon, Deutsch-Neuguinea, Deutsch-Ostafrika and Samoa, formally referred to as "protectorates", emerged. The governorates of these protectorates established in the following period were first under the control of the Colonial Department in the A u s w ä r t i g e s A m t and finally of the resulting R e i c h s k o l o n i a l a m t . The Kiautschou leasehold in China, acquired in 1898, was subject to the R e i c h s m a r i n e a m t . From the very beginning it was necessary to be able to assert and protect the interests of the empire in the colonies by military force. In the initial phase, this task was performed by ships and landing commands of the Imperial Navy. In the German South Sea colonies this remained so until the end. In the African colonies there was a development of their own. In 1889, a troupe of German volunteers with a contract under an active officer (Captain Curt von François) was formed in D e u t s c h - S ü d w e s t a f r i k a , which was initially only to perform police duties. In 1889, in D e u t s c h - O s t a f r i k a, the Reich Commissioner Captain Herrmann Wissmann set up a troop of recruited Africans to suppress the "Arab Uprising" that broke out in 1888. With the law of 22 March 1891 the "Schutztruppe für Deutsch-Ostafrika" was finally formed from volunteers of the army and navy as well as recruited volunteers, followed by the "Schutztruppe für Deutsch-Südwestafrika" and the "Schutztruppe für Kamerun" with the law of 9 June 1895. A protection force for Togo was planned at times, but was not formed, just as there were no protection forces for German New Guinea or Samoa. Only police troops were formed there. In the respective protectorates the governor held the highest military power, the commander of the protection troop was subordinated to him. The protection troops were responsible for maintaining security and public order. At times the individual protection troops were exclusively occupied with the suppression of insurrections of the indigenous population. To this end, some considerable personnel reinforcements were recruited from Germany. The Schutztruppen were first led by the Reichsmarineamt. With the "Gesetz betreffend die Kaiserlichen Schutztruppen in den Afrikanischen Schutzgebieten und die Wehrpflicht daselbst" of 18 July 1896, the Schutztruppen were subordinated to the Reich Chancellor, administered by the Colonial Department in the Foreign Office. In the Colonial Department, the Department M - Military Administration (Command or High Command of the Protection Forces) was responsible. The Prussian War Ministry (Army Department) took over the organizational support. Command affairs were handled by the Director of the Colonial Department, with Division M as his military staff. With the establishment of the R e i c h s k o l o n i a l a m t by the Most High Decree of 17 May 1907, the command of the Schutztruppen was placed under its control, now as a military command staff with responsible command power. Like the Navy, the Schutztruppen were under the supreme command of the Emperor. Its members were volunteers of the army (or armies of Prussia, Bavaria, Saxony and Württemberg) and the navy, who retired from the respective army or navy for the time of their service in the Schutztruppen and then returned there again. The male German population in the protectorates was subject to compulsory military service. The conscripts in the Schutztruppen were able to meet these demands. In 1913 the Schutztruppe included the following personnel: - Command of the Schutztruppe in Berlin: 80 men - Schutztruppe für Deutsch-Ostafrika: 2758 men (266 Germans, 2492 natives) - Schutztruppe für Deutsch-Südwestafrika: 1970 Mann (German) - Schutztruppe für Kamerun: 1471 Mann (171 German, 1300 indigenous) During the Herero Uprising, the Schutztruppe für Deutsch-Südwestafrika's personnel strength in 1907 was approx. 15,000 men. The outbreak of the First World War hit the German colonies unprepared. Defensive measures against other colonial powers had never been seriously considered, the Imperial Government had assumed that in the event of a European conflict the colonies could be kept out of the fighting according to the agreements in the Congo Act of 1885, despite warning voices from the colonies themselves. On 1 August 1914, therefore, only a state of emergency was declared in the protectorates. It was not until mid-August 1914 that mobilization began in the protectorates, but the armed units there (Schutztruppen, police troops, naval units present) were ultimately without a chance compared with the opponents who were far superior in terms of numbers and materials. The following were lost, partly after fierce fighting, partly without a fight: - on 27 August 1914 Togo - on 7 September 1914 Samoa - on 17 September 1914 Deutsch-Neuguinea - on 9 July 1915 Deutsch-Südwestafrika - in February 1916 Cameroon The Kiautschou leasehold area under the control of the Navy had capitulated after heavy fighting on 7 November 1914. It was only in D e u t s c h - O s t a f r i k a that the Schutztruppe was able to hold its ground to the end and thus bind considerable enemy forces. Their commander, Major General Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck, only laid down his weapons on 25 November 1918 on order from Berlin. Processing note: The stock RW 51 was originally created as stock for the "imperial protection troops and other German land forces overseas" and comprised 29 units. In 2010, the documents of the East Asian Expeditionary Corps were extracted and, together with the corresponding new additions, formed the newly created holdings RW 61. Since then, the holdings of RW 51 have consisted exclusively of documents of the Imperial Protection Forces and were subsequently fundamentally revised and developed further. Some new additions were added. Description of the holdings: The collection contains the documents of the Imperial Schutztruppen for D e u t s c h - S ü d w e s t a f r i k a , D e u t s c h - O s t a f r i k a and Cameroon, as well as the command of the Schutztruppen, as far as they are available in the military archives. Characterization of content: The inventory contains only a few real fact files. It consists above all of a compilation of commandos of the Schutztruppe für Deutsch-Ostafrika from 1907 to 1914, as well as a file of the same commandos with reports of subordinated units and offices from 1916. In addition there are documents on organization and supply in Deutsch-Ostafrika and Deutsch-Südwestafrika and in particular some hand-drawn maps. Only two documents have survived on Cameroon. State of development: The inventory RW 51 was originally created as an inventory for the "imperial protection troops and other German land forces overseas" and comprised 29 units. In 2010, the documents of the East Asian Expeditionary Corps were extracted and, together with the corresponding new additions, formed the newly created holdings RW 61. Since then, the holdings of RW 51 have consisted exclusively of documents of the Imperial Protection Forces and were subsequently fundamentally revised and developed further. Some new additions were added. Pre-archival order: The tradition of the Schutztruppen In the Bundearchiv military archive is purely fragmentary. The Schutztruppen archive in the Heeresarchiv was destroyed during the air raid on Potsdam in April 1945. This applies to the personnel files of the Schutztruppen and to the records in the archives of the Schutztruppen in the colonies themselves. The tradition of the command of the Schutztruppen is essentially in the R 1001 R e i c h s k o l o n i a l a m t . The documents of the protection troops remaining in Africa after the First World War are now in the national archives of Tanzania (Dar es Salaam), Namibia (Windhoek) and Cameroon (Duala). In addition, the Belgian Imperial Archives in Brussels contain documents of the Rwandan Schutztruppen. Films on the documents in Windhoek and Dar es Salaam can be found in the Federal Archives in Berlin. Replacement records of the Schutztruppen and their deployments can be found above all in the documents of the Imperial Navy, which as a rule acted in a supportive capacity or, during uprisings, also issued landing commands. In addition, reference should be made to the tradition of the contingents of protection troops in the respective state archives provided by Bavaria, Saxony and Württemberg. Scope, explanation: 30 AU Citation method: BArch, RW 51/...