'Honouring six chiefs with old German uniform pieces for official occasions. - Approval of the proposal of the Syndicate for West Africa

1st administrative history/biography: Carl Bach was born on 08.03.1847 in Stollberg in the Erzgebirge mountains as the son of the saddler master and carriage builder Heinrich Julius Bach. After attending primary school and private school in Stollberg, he completed an apprenticeship as a locksmith. In the years 1863 and 1864 he worked in the steam engine construction of the company R. Hartmann in Chemnitz. During this time he learned English in addition to his work. Then he was first a pupil of the Gewerbschule, later of the Werkmeisterschule, where he graduated at Easter 1866 with the overall grade 1 and the silver medal, which was only awarded in one copy. This year he took part in planning work for the Chemnitz water pipeline under the direction of Prof. Kankelwitz. After the following studies at the Polytechnikum Dresden he followed Prof. Kankelwitz as assistant for the years 1868 to 1872 to Stuttgart. After this time Bach studied again, this time with Grashof at the TH Karlsruhe, where he earned his diploma in 1873. In the following five years he worked as an engineer in Wollwich, London and Vienna, finally becoming director of Lausitzer Maschinenfabrik AG in Bautzen. He was elected to the Zittau Chamber of Commerce in 1877 and married in the same year. On 01 October 1878, Bach was appointed full professor of mechanical engineering at the Technical University of Stuttgart, where he established the Materials Testing Institute in 1884 and the Engineering Laboratory eleven years later. From 1885 to 1888 he was rector of the TH Stuttgart. One year later, on 20 June 1889, Bach was awarded the silver commemorative medal by the King of Württemberg on the occasion of the 25th anniversary of the government. In February 1892 he received the Knight's Cross and on 25 November 1895 the Honorary Cross of the Order of the Württemberg Crown, connected with the nobility of persons. He was also awarded the title of "Construction Director". Already in 1883 Carl Bach was appointed to the Federal Polytechnic in Zurich, in 1895 to the Technical University in Berlin and in 1902 unofficially to the Technical University in Vienna. However, he did not follow any of these calls. On 22 March 1911 he was awarded the Commander's Cross of the 2nd Class of the Albrecht Order by King Friedrich August of Saxony, in 1914 the title "Staatsrat", in February 1916 he was awarded the Wilhelmskreuz by the King of Württemberg, in February 1918 the Commander's Cross of the Order of the Württemberg Crown. Also this year Bach was the first technician in Württemberg to receive the title "Excellence". From 1912 to 1918 Carl von Bach was a member of the 1st Chamber of the Württemberg State Parliament for the TH Stuttgart. On his 70th birthday, 1917, he became an honorary citizen of his hometown Stollberg and on his 80th birthday an honorary citizen of Stuttgart. In 1920 the senate of the TH Stuttgart had him paint for the senate hall. Two years later Bach was emeritus. In 1926 Bach was painted again, this time for the conference hall of the VDI in Berlin. Carl von Bach died in Stuttgart on 10 October 1931. He holds honorary doctorates from the TH Berlin (1903), the University of Tübingen (1927), the TH Vienna (1927), and the TH Stuttgart (1927). In close cooperation and lively exchange of ideas with renowned entrepreneurs and inventors such as Robert Bosch, Paul Daimler, Rudolf Diesel, Count Ferdinand von Zeppelin and many others, Bach succeeded in bridging the gap in mechanical engineering between practitioners such as Redtenbacher (Karlsruhe) and theorists such as Reuleaux (Berlin) by purposefully combining theory and practice through experimental research in mechanical engineering and civil engineering. In order to secure the scientific basis, Bach successfully established two research institutes, the Materials Testing Institute 1884, of which he was director until 1922, and the Engineering Laboratory 1895. On his initiative, the first chair for aeronautics and automotive engineering was established in Germany in 1925, together with the associated laboratory. Based on his work, Bach is regarded as the founder of static elasticity and strength theory. Both from his own experience and from his work in business circles and technical associations, Bach was aware that the rapid development of German industry required a fundamental reform of engineering education. He demanded a "workshop practice" of at least one year. Bach considered solid practical experience supplemented by thorough, comprehensive training in natural science and technical subjects, but also the teaching of humanities disciplines, the "humanisation of technical universities", to be absolutely essential for the engineer of the future. His educational policy intentions, which he realized in his more than 40 years of work at the Technical University of Stuttgart, he achieved above all through the Association of German Engineers. The appreciation of Bach as a teacher and scholar is expressed not only by his appointments to other universities, but also by the orders and honours of crowned heads and associations of a technical, scientific and socio-political nature, as well as the magnificent letter of thanks from the students of the TH Stuttgart. 2nd inventory description: Carl von Bach (1847-1931) was one of the most important German technical scientists of his time. In the field of mechanical engineering and material testing he did pioneering work, which is the basis for today's problems and solutions. The estate of Carl von Bach comprises a total of about 40 running metres. Archive material. However, this material does not only contain the scientific legacy of Bach, but much more: in addition to the scientific works - almost all manuscripts of his major works are available in various editions - an extensive part of his private legacy is also preserved. In addition, the University Archives also contain the estate of his son Julius Bach. He was bequeathed in his will the entire legacy of his father's writings, which he finally bequeathed to the then Technical University of Karl-Marx-Stadt alongside his own. Particularly valuable in the estate of Carl von Bach, if one can even pick out a subgroup, is the traditional business correspondence. On approx. 50,000 sheets, both the correspondence received and the correspondence sent out over the period from 1876 to 1931 are almost completely handed down. Because of Bach's focus on work and research, the theory of strength and elasticity, of which he was a co-founder, he came into contact with various representatives from science and industry. Moreover, Bach was a very socially committed person, which is also reflected in this correspondence. However, the preservation of the tradition is endangered. In particular, the copial books with the outgoing correspondence will only be released for use in exceptional cases. The degree of preservation of the writing material is particularly problematic here. As a rule, the deceased did not use commercially available ink, but mixed it himself in varying compositions, some of which faded very strongly. In addition, the transparent paper of the books is only of little stability. For this reason, the business correspondence in the Bach estate was completely filmed and digitized. Selected documents are recorded on colour film and are available as negatives and positives. The Subdivision of the Estate Carl von Bach's estate is divided into six sections in its provisionally final stage of indexing: I. Biographical material This group includes personal documents, testimonies of his educational and professional career, documents about his military service, honours, vocations, anniversaries and autobiographical records. II. private correspondence This is arranged chronologically according to the members of the family and within them. Of these, the correspondence with his son Julius is the most extensive and certainly also the most interesting, since it contains the discussions of various technical problems that were conducted between the two scientists. III. business correspondence This cannot claim to be complete, but the extent of the overdelivery is impressive. Particularly remarkable is the tradition of the outgoing mail, which is recorded in a total of 35 copial books on approx. 35000 sheets. They cover the period from 1876 to 1903 and from 1909 to his death in 1931. Within these copies the letters are arranged chronologically and for almost each of these books there is a register of names of the addressees, which has been made by the deceased. However, the Kopialbücher also contain copies of incoming letters and various concepts, orders, etc., which Bach probably regarded as particularly important. Also the mail archived in this group is quite remarkable with 18 000 sheets. In total, there are about 2500 correspondents in the group of business correspondence. With regard to the two sections on private and business correspondence, it should be noted that correspondence can also be found outside these sections, in the fact files. IV. Business papers Here you will find the manuscripts of his countless publications, statements and expert opinions on the fields of science covered by Bach, as well as extensive material collections on these questions. His work on material testing, the durability of steam boilers and riveted joints, etc. can be particularly well understood here. Bach himself created firm portfolios in which he collected all possible processes into one subject and then labeled them accordingly. This state of order and distortion was largely adopted during the earlier processing of the estate, without verifying the content in detail. This situation was resolved in 2007. The order by subject has been maintained, but the folders have been repackaged and the file titles have been supplemented with extensive "Contains" notes to facilitate access to this material. In addition, papers from the estate of Julius Bach were added to this section, but these clearly have their origin in Carl Bach. V. Material Collections Various types of material have been summarized here. This concerns e.g. his membership cards, orders, promotional gifts, material samples or also different photos. Sections 4 and 5 have not been rearranged, but have been taken over from the original legator. VI. Non-provenance material Here is the material about the legator that was later added to the estate, such as obituaries or copies of and about Bach from other archives. In the revision of the estate, further material on Carl Bach was added. Of particular note here are the numerous photos of the Carl Bach family, which were made available in digital form for the collection. The inventory signature is the number 302, followed by an indication in Roman numerals and the individually numbered file units (in Arabic numerals). The Roman numerals indicate the six different groups. Example: 302 / III / 0123 Carl von Bach estate estate / business correspondence / foreign correspondence America: Argentina, Chile, Canada, USA Inventory processing The Carl von Bach estate has not yet been finally catalogued. At the beginning of the processing in the 80s a file was created, which was the basis for the input into the database at the end of the 90s. The data was transferred unchanged. A new classification was developed for the estate, according to which the entered units of registration are arranged. New file titles have been created in the Biographical Material, Private and Business Correspondence sections. In 2007, sections IV to VI were finally developed in greater depth. Although most of the titles of the files in the business papers and material collections were originally taken over by the testator, they were supplemented with extensive remarks. The present finding aid book thus represents the most recent state of processing for the time being. Digitisation The correspondence in the estate has been completely filmed and digitised from the film. Due to the state of preservation, the originals are no longer released for use. A high quality silver halide film has been used to secure the existence of the company. As a rule, this part of the estate is used via the electronic data on the PC. The designation of the CD-ROM corresponds to that of the file unit. During scanning, the individual sheets were numbered consecutively. The first part of the file name, however, reflects the file unit. However, the file numbers do not match the page number. 3. state of indexing/scope: indexed; find book, database, digitised material; scope: 40.75 running metres.

History of the Inventor: The Technical Office, established in 1933, set up testing facilities for weapons and equipment at various locations that existed until 1945. Inventory description: KOMMANDO DER ERPROBUNGSSTELLEN According to the provisions of the Versailles Treaty of 1919, the German Reich was prohibited from developing and constructing aircraft for military purposes. Nevertheless, as early as 1920, the Reichswehr Ministry (RWM) set up units with the task of carrying out preparatory work for the creation of development and testing sites for an air force. For example, a "Air Defence" (TA) unit was set up in the Truppenamt (TA) and an aeronautical unit in the Inspektion für Waffen und Gerät (IWG). After the merger of the IWG with the Waffenamt (Wa.A) of the RWM at the beginning of 1927, the aeronautical department became the department 6 F of the testing group (Wa.Prw. 6 F). He was in charge of the development departments disguised as civil engineering offices as well as the test groups in Johannisthal and Rechlin. The testing thus fell within the competence of the testing department of the Weapons Office. At the end of November 1928, the procurement department was also taken over by the Wa.L.Prw. Group. At the end of July 1939, in order to better meet the growing requirements, the Aviation Group in the Weapons Office (Wa.L) was divided into three groups: "Development of aircraft (Wa.L. I)", "Development of equipment" (Wa.L. II) and "Testing" (Wa.L. III). There was also a group on "Procurement" and a group on "Defense Economics and Armaments". On February 8, 1933, on the orders of Reichswehr Minister Blomberg, the Air Protection Office (LA) was formed, which was now also to be responsible for the development, testing and procurement of aircraft, aircraft engines and special aircraft equipment. He was assigned the aviation group in the weapons office, now known as Wa.Prw. 8, as Division L 2. After the transfer of the air-raid protection office to the newly created Reich Aviation Ministry (RLM) in May, the aviation technology department was initially subordinated as the Technical Department (B II) to the General Office (LB) of the RLM, but then, in the course of the reclassification of the RLM to the Technical Office (LC) on October 1, 1933, and, like the latter, directly subordinated to the Secretary of State for Aviation, Colonel General Milch. It was divided into the departments LC I (Research), LC II (Testing) and LC III (Procurement). Colonel Wimmer, as head of the Technical Office, remained responsible for aviation technology, while Captain Freiherr von Richthofen, who headed the LC II department from June 1934, was in charge of the technical aspects of the test centres (e-places). Until the Luftwaffe was unmasked in March 1935, the tests were carried out by the "Test Centres of the Reich Association of the German Aviation Industry" disguised as civilian. The "Commando der Fliegererprobungsstellen" (Command of Pilot Test Centres), which had been established in 1934 and was based in Rechlin, now appeared as the central testing authority. At the head of the command was the commander of the testing stations (K.d.E.), who was at the same time head of the E station Rechlin and superior of the chief of the E station Travemünde. His supervisor was the head of department LC II (Testing). In December 1936, the E posts Rechlin and Travemünde as well as Tarnewitz were directly subordinated to the new Chief of the Technical Office, Colonel Udet, in 1937 and charged with the development and technical testing of the Luftwaffe equipment. In the course of a reorganization of the entire RLM, the Technical Office was directly subordinated to Göring. As a result, Udet changed the organizational structure of the Technical Office again in May 1938 and dissolved the office of Commander of the Test Laboratories. The E posts now received independent command offices, which were technically subordinate to the head of the Technical Office. On February 1, 1939, the Technical Office, the Supply Office and the "Industry and Economy" group of offices were merged to form the new General Airworthiness Inspectorate (GL) and once again placed under the authority of the State Secretary for Aviation. Lieutenant General Udet was appointed General Airworthiness Officer and was now responsible for the management and control of the entire aviation technology as well as for the securing of the entire air force requirement while retaining his function as Chief of the Technical Office. After his suicide on 17 November 1941, the former Secretary of State for Aviation at the RLM, Generalfeldmarschall Milch, assumed these offices in personal union. In autumn 1941 a new command of the testing stations (Kdo.d.E) was established. In technical and operational terms, it was subordinate to the Commander of the Test Centres (K.d.E ), who in turn was subordinate to the Chief of the Technical Office and worked closely with the responsible development departments C to E of the Technical Office (GL/C). This post was held by Major Petersen until the end of the war. After the General Aircraft Master's Office was dissolved on 27 July 1944, the business area and thus the entire technical air armament was transferred to the Chief of Technical Air Armament (Chief TLR). The office was subordinated to the General Staff of the Luftwaffe and thus to the High Command of the Luftwaffe (OKL). The commander of the testing stations was now directly under the command of the Chief of Technical Air Armament, but was then subordinated to the commander of the Ersatzluftwaffe (BdE-Lw) shortly before the end of the war. Until 1945 the following E-positions were established and partially dissolved: Rechlin, Travemünde, Tarnewitz, Peenemünde, Udetfeld, Madüsee, Werneuchen, Süd (Foggia), Munster-Nord, Jesau, Arktis-Finsee, Cazeaux (Süd) and Karlshagen. In addition, a large number of test commands and test squadrons were set up from 1941 onwards, some of which were formed only briefly for the testing of individual aircraft types and quickly dissolved again after testing. ERPROBUNGSSTELLEN Torpedowaffenplatz der Luftwaffe Gotenhafen-Hexengrund (ca. 1942-1945) On April 2, 1942, the Luftwaffe Torpedowaffenplatz was repositioned as a branch office. He was subordinate to the General Airworthiness Officer (Technical Office) in terms of military service and discipline. He was assigned to Luftgaukommando I in terms of war classification, economy and administration. With effect from 1 May 1944, the Torpedowaffenplatz was then placed under the command of the E units. He was responsible for the testing of air torpedoes and associated dropping devices. Jesau (1943-1944) This E-Stelle was founded in 1943 as an outpost of the Peenemünde-West testing station. The main task of the E-Stelle Jesau was the execution of surveying work for distance and proximity fuses as well as the testing of the rocket-powered aircraft Messerschmitt Me 163. In August 1944 the E-Stelle Jesau was dissolved. Munster-Nord (1935-1945) As early as 1916, a test and production facility for gas ammunition was set up in Munster-Breloh for the first time on 6,500 hectares. From 1935, manufacturing and testing facilities for chemical warfare agents were again built on the site and the Munster-Nord Army Experimental Station, which was subordinate to the Army Ordnance Office, was set up. Both the Luftwaffe and the Weapons Office use the area for technical testing of high attack bombs and low attack spray containers. Peenemünde-West, later Karlshagen (approx. 1939-1945) After the start of construction work at the end of July 1937, Peenemünde-West started operations on 1 April 1938. Uvo Pauls was in charge until September 1, 1942, succeeding Major Otto Stams and Major Karl Henkelmann at the end of 1944. The task of the E unit was the testing of rocket engines and rocket-propelled, remote-controlled dropping weapons (e.g. Fi 103, Hs 298). The central group of the test centre was the air traffic control, which was responsible for the deployment of the aircraft fleet. She was also assigned a weather station. The following test groups were active at the experimental site, working on different tasks: E 2: Aircraft and missile systems with rocket propulsion, including support of the troop test commands (Fi 103 and Hs 117) E 3: Engines and fuels E 4: Radio and radio control systems E 5: Equipment (power supply, control systems, image station, measuring base) E 7: Drop systems, target and target training equipment E 8: Ground systems The E station was moved to Wesermünde air base near Bremerhaven in April 1945. Rechlin (approx. 1925-1945) Already planned in 1916, the "Flieger-Versuchs- und Lehranstalt am Müritzsee" started operations in 1918 during the First World War. Due to the provisions of the Treaty of Versailles, however, the installations there were dismantled again at the beginning of the 1920s. As part of the camouflaged continuation of pilot testing in the Weimar Republic, a test airfield was built in Rechlin from 1925. On the initiative of Hauptmann Student, the German Aviation Research Institute (DVL) in Berlin-Adlershof set up a new "Department M" specifically for this purpose. The "Luftfahrtverein Waren e.V.", founded in 1925, acquired the necessary area on behalf of the Reich and took over the operation of the new airfield. Factory and flight operations began in the summer of 1926. From 1927/28 Albatros Flugzeugwerke GmbH in Berlin-Johannisthal leased the facility, which was now called the "Testing Department of Albatros Flugzeugwerke Johannisthal". After the Reichsverband der Deutschen Luftfahrt-Industrie (RDL) had taken over the site at the insistence of the Reichswehr troop office at the end of 1929, it was continued under the camouflage name "RDL Erprobungsstelle Staaken". After the National Socialists came to power in 1933, the facilities in Rechlin were rapidly expanded to become the largest testing station (E station) for aviation equipment. From 1935, the E-Stelle Rechlin was regarded as a showpiece of the Luftwaffe. Until the end of the war, four large building complexes with different uses were built on the huge area: Group North management and technical administration, air base command and weather station; Testing of airframes (from 1936), of radio and navigation equipment, of aircraft on-board devices and equipment, aeromedical tests as well as high-frequency and ionospheric research Group South Testing of engines, of materials as well as of fuels and lubricants East Group Testing of ammunition for on-board weapons and drop-weapons West Group Military testing (only 1935-1938), test group and shipyard, fracture recovery, training workshop Initially, the focus of testing activities in Rechlin was on flight and engine testing. This included the flight testing of the engines, the measurements on the individual engine components as well as the creation of complete aircraft types. Other areas of activity include the testing of aircraft equipment - from on-board instruments to rescue and safety equipment, hydraulic systems - and radio and navigation equipment. From 1933 the testing of weapons was also carried out in Rechlin. The main focus was on the testing of ammunition for firearms as well as the testing of drop ammunition within the framework of flight testing. After the beginning of the 2nd World War, prey planes were thoroughly tested there and the results evaluated. In addition to the purely technical testing of all land aircraft and their equipment, new aircraft types are tested for their military suitability, especially after the start of the war. For this purpose, the Lärz Test Command was set up, to which these aircraft types were assigned for operational testing. From mid-1944 the testing of the new jet aircraft Me 262, Ar 234 and He 162 received highest priority. The E-Stelle Rechlin has undergone several organisational changes during its existence. An overview of the structure and filling of positions is attached as an annex. This is a compilation from the publication of Beauvais. South (Foggia) (c. 1941-1942) In the second half of 1941, the E-Stelle Süd started operations at the airfield in Foggia, Italy. It was intended for the testing of air torpedoes and underwater weapons, which had to be carried out in Grosseto due to unfavourable conditions. At the end of February 1942, it was decided to move the E-Stelle Süd to the French town of Cazaux, southwest of Bordeaux, and operations began at the airfield in May 1942. The test flights were used for the ballistic measurement of various types of bombs or dropping containers, the testing of target devices and bomb droppings. The commander of the E post was Captain Henno Schlockermann. After Allied air raids in March and September 1944, during which the installations were severely damaged and several test aircraft destroyed, operations had to be restricted and then discontinued altogether. By order of 10 October 1944, the E post was officially closed. Tarnewitz (1937-1945) Construction work began in 1935, and two years later the Tarnewitz electric power station was officially put into operation. The task of the new unit was to test new weapon systems for Luftwaffe aircraft. In addition to machine guns and bombs, this also included the newly developed rocket weapons. The various tasks were performed by the groups W 1 (installation), W 2 (ballistics and sights), W 3 (mountings and air discs) and W 4 (on-board weapons and ammunition). From 1938, the E post was subdivided into the specialist groups machine guns and ammunition, including rocket testing (IIA), mountings and air discs (II D), ballistics and sights (II E), installation of weapons in aircraft (II F). Travemünde (1928-1945) In 1928 a seaplane test centre (SES) was founded in Travemünde under the camouflage name "Reichsverband der Deutschen Luftfahrtindustrie Gruppe Flugzeugbau". Originally planned and established after World War I as a secret testing ground for independent naval aviation, the Travemünde testing ground was subordinated to the RLM in 1934 after the National Socialists seized power and expanded further. The focus of the testing activities in Travemünde was the testing of seaplanes and their equipment, naval mines and air torpedoes as well as special ships and boats for maritime flight operations. This also included testing seaplanes, landing on icy and snowy ground, landing attempts on aircraft carriers and rescue measures on the open sea with the aircraft. The E post was divided into the following groups in 1933: A: Navigation, radio, seaman's equipment, special installations B: Operation of aircraft, ships, docks, catapults and vehicles, ground services E: Flight service, holding pilots ready F: Aircraft testing, preparation, execution and evaluation of measurements, reports, assessments G: Testing of on-board devices, radio measuring devices, laboratory, precision mechanical workshop, photo service, duplication K: Administration, personnel, material, buildings, installations M: engines, propellers, aggregates, workshop and test benches Udetfeld (1940-1945) The Udetfeld electric power station was set up in 1940 near Beuthen/Oberschlesien. At the beginning it was led by Major Werner Zober, later by Lieutenant Colonel Rieser. The test leader was Fl.Stabsingenieur Rudolf Noch. The task of the E-Stelle was the testing of small explosive and incendiary bombs, parachute bombs and special detonators as well as the acceptance blasting of all German bomb types. At times she was also engaged in the testing of parachutes and ejection seats. For this purpose it was equipped step-by-step with a measuring base, several discharge points and a picture position. Last tests and measurements took place until shortly before the invasion of the Soviet army at the end of January 1945. The E-Stelle was dissolved by order of 15 February 1945 and its tasks taken over by the E-Stelle Rechlin. Werneuchen (1942-1945) The E post was established in April 1942 at the air base in Werneuchen. She was responsible for the testing and development of search and target devices for air and sea reconnaissance and worked closely with the Aeronautical Radio Research Institute in Oberpfaffenhofen. Field stations for testing ground radio measuring instruments were located in Weesow and Tremmen. The flight testing of newly developed equipment was initially carried out by the test squadron of the Technical Test Command (TVK), and was then transferred to the newly formed night fighter group 10. Their tasks also included the development and testing of equipment for the defence against interference and deception by the enemy air forces. In Werneuchen, the night hunt radio measuring devices FuG 202 "Lichtenstein", the ship's target search device FuG "Hohentwiel" as well as the ground search devices "Würzburg-Riese" and "Freya" were tested. In February 1945, the E-Stelle was moved to Stade and renamed to E-Stelle Stade in April 1945. The E post was commanded by Major i.G. August Hentz until April 1944, then until its dissolution by Major i.G. Cerener. ERPROBUNGSKOMMANDOS und ERPROBUNGSSTAFFELN Erprobungskommando 4 (ERPROBUNGSSTAFFELN Test Command 4) Set-up by order of 1 December 1944 by air fleet 10. Troop testing of the X4 guided missile and testing of operational procedures and tactical capabilities. Test Command 15 Formed from the Experimental Squadron Hs 293 and intended for troop testing of the Gleitbombe Hs 293. Test Command 16 Set up on the Command Path in April 1942 in Peenemünde-West, at the beginning of September budgeting and transfer to Zwischenahn, then in October to Brandis. Testing of the rocket-propelled hunter Me 163 B "Komet". Dissolution on 14 February 1945. Tasks were to be taken over by Jagdkommando 400, which also received the operational aircraft. Erprobungskommando 17 Transfer of the 2./Kampfgruppe 100 from Hannover-Langenhagen to the French Chartes, renaming into E-Kommando XY in January 1942 and temporarily into E-Kommando 100 (March to May 1942), then budgeted as E-Kommando 17. Further development of the X- and Y-process and deployment against England. Mid-September 1942 Renamed 15th Combat Squadron, 6th Experimental and Training Command, 18, set up on 1 August 1942 in Pillau and subordinated to the General of the Air Force by the Commander-in-Chief of the Navy (Ob.d.M.). Testing of the aircraft types intended for the aircraft carrier "Graf Zeppelin" including the instruction and training of the flying and ground personnel on this equipment. Test Command 19 Deployment on 1 July 1942 at the Castel Benito airfield near Tripoli on the Command Way. Testing of the aircraft types Bf 109 and Fw 109 for tropical suitability as fighter and battle planes. Personnel of the supplementary groups of the fighter squadron 27 and 53, respectively. Test and training command 20 formation on 1 October 1942 in Travemünde (later Kamp). Testing of on-board special aircraft as well as instruction and training of flying and ground personnel for on-board special aircraft. Test and Training Command 21 Set up on 1 August 1942 in Garz/Usedom. Personnel and equipment of the disbanded II. combat squadron 3. troop testing of the bomb PC 1400X. Test and teaching command 22 Set up autumn 1942 in Lärz. Testing of the Fw 190 fighter bomber version with long range (Jaborei). Personnel of the combat squadron 40, of the fighter squadrons 2 and 26 as well as of a destroyer school. Spring 1943 Transfer to St. André in France and use for the formation of the I./Schlachtkampfgeschwader 10. Test and training command 24 formation on 1 March 1943 in Mark-Zwuschen. Testing of aircraft types suitable for reconnaissance purposes, including equipment (navigation and heading devices). Dissolution in October 1944, assumption of the tasks and the personnel by the experimental association OKL. Test Command 25 Set-up in accordance with the order of 17 April 1943. Troop testing of the aircraft required for day hunting, aircraft radio measuring equipment, weapons and combat procedures as well as deployment within the framework of the Reich Defence. Reclassification into hunting group 10 with the same tasks. Test Command 26 Set-up in accordance with the order of 29 December 1943 by renaming the 11th (Pz.)/battle squadron at the airfield of the Udetfeld E station. Dissolution on 14 February 1945 and transfer of personnel to General der Schlachtflieger. Assumption of the tasks of the supplementary squadron of the Schlachtgeschwader 151. Experimental squadron 36 Set up in Garz according to the order of 10 August 1943 by renaming the 13th/fighting squadron 100. Testing of the suitability for troops of the successor models of the Hs 293 as well as briefing of observers on the He 177 equipped with the Kehlgerät FuG 203. Dissolution on 12 July 1944. Transfer of the personnel to the E-Kommando 25 for the continuation of the testing of the fighter missiles. Test Command 40 The Fliegerforstschutzverband was formed on 5 March 1940 as an independent association from the "Pest Control Group" of the Flugkommando Berlin, which had existed since 1936. It was mainly used for forest pest control and from October 1941 also took over malaria control in the occupied territories. Numerous spraying and pollination flights were carried out for this purpose. Another focus of his activities was the sowing of agricultural and forestry seeds and the spreading of artificial fertilizers. After being placed under the command of the E units on 1 January 1944, the Fliegerforstschutzverband was renamed E-Kommando 40. By order of 3 September 1944, the command stationed in Göttingen was dissolved and the remainder of the command was transferred to Coburg in November 1944, where it was used to set up E-command 41. Erprobungskommando 41 Formation on January 22, 1945 from remaining parts of the Erprobungskommando 40 and subordination in military service under Luftgaukommando VII and operational under Luftflottenkommando Reich. Test Command 100 See Test Command 17 Test Command Bf 109 G Report of arrival at Rechlin on 15 March 1942. Equipped with eleven Bf 109 G-1 and seven pilots in July. No more data. Test Command Ta 152 Positioning on the Command Way on 2 November 1944 in Rechlin. In accordance with the order of January 9, 1945, the deployment was extended until April 1945, and the deployment was reorganized into a group staff with a staff company as well as four task forces and a technical testing squadron. No formation of the four operational squadrons due to takeover of troop testing of the aircraft type Ta 152 by III/Jagdgeschwader 301. Dissolution on January 23, 1945. Test command Ta 154 formation on December 9, 1943 at the air base Hannover-Langenhagen. Testing of the front suitability of the aircraft type Ta 154. Dissolution according to the order of August 1, 1944. Transfer of personnel to the E-command Me 262. Test command He 162, deployment order of January 9, 1945 for an E-command in group strength (but not with this designation). Implementation of the operational testing of the aircraft type He 162 by I./Jagdgeschwader 1. Experimental squadron He 177 deployment on 1 February 1942 in Lärz. Testing of the aircraft type He 177. Dissolution on September 20, 1943. Transfer of personnel to combat squadron 40. Test squadron Ju 188 set up on March 1, 1943 in Rechlin. Transfer at the end of July 1943 to Chièvres near Brussels. Used for 4th/combat squadron 66th test squadron Me 210 set up in late spring 1942 in Lechfeld, relocated in July 1942 to Evreux in France. Operational testing of the aircraft type. After temporary renaming into 16th/fighter squadron 6 and 11th/destroyer squadron 1, finally reclassification into test squadron Me 410. Test squadron Ar 234 set up summer 1944 (July) in Lärz. Operational testing of the aircraft type Ar 234 B as a bomber. Personnel of the combat squadron 76th Erprobungskommando Me 262, deployment on 9 December 1943 at the Lechfeld air base. First testing of the V-model Me 262 and personnel supply of the III./Zerstörergeschwader 26 in April 1944. Starting from August 1944 formation of Einsatzkommandoos among other things in Lärz. At the end of September use of parts of the E-command, the III./ZG 26 to form the E-command "Novotny" and a new E-command 262 in Lechfeld. Official dissolution of E-command 262 on 2 November 1944. Test command Do 335 set up on 4 September 1944 by command of the E-positions. Troop testing of the aircraft type Do 335 as a mosquito night fighter, fighter, reconnaissance and combat aircraft. Relocation to Rechlin on 20 November. Revocation of the dissolution order of 14 February 1945. Test command JU 388 set up on 15 July 1944 in Rechlin. Testing the Ju 388 as a night hunter. Dissolution on 14 February 1945. Transfer of personnel to Combat Wing 76, E-Command Do 335 and various units. Test squadron Me 410 See test squadron Me 210. Troop testing of the aircraft type Me 410. Integration as 9th squadron of the combat squadron 101 and renaming into 12./KG 2 in October 1943 and finally April 1944 into 13./KG 51. Test squadron 600 formation according to order of April 1, 1945, intended for testing the rocket-driven interceptor Ba 349 "Natter". No further data known. Test command "Kolb", order of 20 November 1944. No further information known. Test command "Nebel" (Fog), order of 26 July 1944, for the testing and production of the Me 264 aircraft type, then from December 1944 also for the testing of long-range aircraft. Etatisierung des E-Kommandoos Ende Februar 1945. Lehr- und Erprobungskommando (W) After Colonel Wachtel had already been commissioned since April 1943 to carry out the war operation of the Fieseler Fi 103 (camouflage designation Flak sight FZG 76), the establishment of the Erprobungskommando began in June 1943. In military service it was subordinated to the higher commander of the anti-aircraft artillery schools and in questions of training and testing to the general of the anti-aircraft weapon. It was supplied by Luftgaukommando III, to which it belonged in terms of war classification. On 15 August 1943, the Wachtel Command formed the Flak Regiment 155 (W), which was soon transferred to France. Sonderkommando Fähre (Siebel) The Sonderkommando Fähre was responsible for the provision and operation of air force ferries for the transport of air force goods. (The information on the E-positions and E-commands were published in abbreviated form by Heinrich Beauvais/Karl Kössler/Max Mayer/Christoph Regel: Flugerprobungsstellen bis 1945. Johannisthal, Lipezk, Rechlin, Travemünde, Tarnewitz, Peenemünde-West. Bonn 1998). Characterisation of content: The collection mainly comprises work and test reports as well as correspondence between the command of the test centres and the test centres themselves and superior departments and various companies. Most of the test reports are for the two E posts Rechlin (approx. 200 AU) and Travemünde (approx. 160 AU). About 60 volumes of files with pollination and spray reports including the corresponding maps have been handed down by the Fliegerforstschutzverband. Of the remaining e-positions, only minor fragments of files have been preserved. The seven file volumes of the command of the e-offices, which deal with organizational matters of the e-offices and e-commands, are to be emphasized. State of development: Online-Findbuch 2007 Scope, Explanation: 573 AE Citation method: BArch, RL 36/...

Contains among other things: Straits Settlements. Papers relating to the protected Malay States, London, 1890 Mining concessions in the hinterland of the Hüongolf. Statutes of the Hüongolf-Gesellschaft, 1901 Report on the German Colonies for the years 1900 - 1901, London 1902 Memorandum on the Development of the German Colonies, 1900 - 1901

History of the Inventory Former: The Bank der Deutschen Luftfahrt, also known as the Aero- or Luftfahrtbank, was formed by the transformation of Luftfahrtkontor GmbH into a public limited company with shareholder resolution of 6 July 1940, the object of which, according to the articles of association of that date, was "the execution of banking transactions of all kinds and of related transactions serving directly or indirectly aviation purposes, as well as the administration and supervision of aviation companies and the execution of all such transactions, including in a fiduciary capacity" [1]. Luftfahrtkontor GmbH had been founded in 1933/34 in the context of the takeover of the Junkers group by the Reich Aviation Ministry (RLM) and in 1938 was responsible for the administration of 1. the Reich-owned facilities leased to companies in the aviation industry, 2. the Reich's holdings in companies in the aviation industry and 3. the investment loans [2]. In the course of the so-called "capital cut" to reform corporate financing, the investment loans granted until then were converted into state aid for special depreciation and firms were encouraged to use more of their own funds and borrowed capital to finance investments. To this end, both the RLM and the Reich Ministry of Finance (RFM) considered it sensible to set up their own commercial bank for aviation, whose loans were intended to stimulate the involvement of other banks and other donors and to which all Reich shareholdings in the aviation industry and aviation were to be transferred. On 9 June 1939 Luftfahrtkontor GmbH received its banking licence from the Reich Commissioner for Banking and quickly acquired the character of a "universal bank for German aviation" [3] after the start of the war. In addition to the conventional investment loans, the Luftfahrtbank increasingly granted the aerospace armaments companies - similar to the Deutsche Industriebank for the suppliers of the army and navy - the credit assistance provided by the Reich Economic Ministry (RWM) for the mobilization of arms production (in short: "mobkredite") with Reich guarantees from autumn 1939 onwards. This resulted in a substantial increase in the Bank's lending volume, which, together with the significant increase in managed participations and deposits from aviation companies, as well as increased activity on the stock exchange and the money market, led to the Bank being renamed "Bank der Deutschen Luftfahrt" and converted into a stock corporation (AG). This was in response to the wish of the General Airworthiness Officer Ernst Udet that "the company's status as a bank should be expressed in the company name" [4]. Like its predecessor Luftfahrtkontor, the Bank der Deutschen Luftfahrt initially resided in Berlin-Schöneberg, Am Park 12. In the night from March 1 to March 2, 1943, Ge‧bäude burned out completely after an Allied air raid, whereupon the bank had to move its Geschäfts‧räume to the center of Berlin (Werderstr. 7). As a result of the fire, loss of files also seems to have been the cause of complaint [5]. Dissatisfied with the accommodation that was not considered to be standes‧gemäß, the bank pushed in the spring of 1944 the efforts that had previously been made by the Jewish company Panofski

History of the Inventor: The State Tax Offices were established in 1919 as the central authorities of the three-tier Reich Finance Administration, and from Apr. 1937 they were known as the Chief Finance President. Their jurisdiction was usually territorially limited. Only the LFA/OFP Berlin was assigned various responsibilities after 1933 which were to be exercised for the entire territory of the Reich, including the administration of enemy property in Germany and German property abroad (processed in a special branch office for enemy property in 1942). Inventory description: Inventory history The files of the branch office for hostile assets of the OFP Berlin-Brandenburg were continued by the Oberfinanzdirektion Berlin after 1945. When it resumed its activities in May 1945, the branch office had taken over hundreds of thousands of registration forms and the extensive file that had been moved to the vaults of the Deutsche Reichsbank during the last years of the war. At the end of 1962, the files and card indexes were transferred to the Dornburg Archive Depot of the GDR's State Archive Administration and were virtually unusable there. When the archive depot was closed in 1992, the documents were transferred to the Federal Archives. Due to the fact that the large mass of single case files usable by the existing alphabetical index was opposed by a comparatively small stock of unlisted Generalia, two partial stocks R 2107 (single case files) and R 2107 I (Generalia) were formed. The Generalia were evaluated and recorded between 1997 and 2002. In the course of the evaluation, approximately 2.0 linear metres of files from the Amt für Preise at the Stadtbezirksverwaltung Berlin-Prenzlauer Berg as well as from the Zentralfinanzamt Groß-Berlin and the Magistrat von Berlin were separated out and handed over to the Landesarchiv Berlin, while numerous official documents were removed and handed over to the Bundesarchiv library. Numerous duplicates, form collections and routine documents were collected. Content characterization: Tradition: Regulation of the operation of the Oberfinanzdirektion in general and the branch office 1934-1945, treatment of property in general 1938-1944, treatment of hostile property in Germany and in the countries and territories occupied by Germany 1940-1943, treatment of German property abroad (according to spheres of influence and countries A-Z) 1940-1944, treatment of Jewish property 1941-1944 (91) as well as property of individual persons and companies 1929-1945, prisen affairs in France 1940-1944, damage regulation 1935-1953. State of development: Onlinefindbuch (2002) Citation method: BArch, R 2107-I/...

Contains: Reports on war-critical metals in French North Africa; French reports on the exploitation of mines; geological reports; report on bauxite qualities

Contains among other things: Plans and memorandums about East African railway construction Francis Egon Clotten. England and South Africa. London 1891 The brandy in Africa. Reports by German Protestant missionaries. Frankfurt am Main 1905

Leaflets, pamphlets, invitations, programmes, commemorative publications, newspapers, articles, disputes, memoranda, speeches, occasional poems - each unique - about Cologne, its past and history. I. Imperial city; Icewalk from 1784, funeral service for Emperor Leopold II, Imperial Post Office in Cologne, pamphlet of the evangelicals against mayor and council in Cologne (Wetzlar 1715), municipal lottery, occasional poems for weddings, individual personalities (Jan von Werth, Frhr. Theodor Steffan von Neuhoff); II. Time of the French occupation 1794-1815: opening of the Protestant church (1802), educational affairs (Collége de Cologne, Université), Heshuisian inheritance, secularization, Peace of Tilsit, election of the department 1804; assignates, dentists, liberation wars; successor society of the society at Wirz, Neumarkt (1813); III. Prussian period (1815-1945): Visit of members of the Prussian royal house, imperial birthday celebrations, cathedral, cathedral building, cathedral completion celebration 1880, cathedral building association; Hohenzollern bridge, southern bridge, monument to Friedrich Wilhelm III, Laying of the foundation stone of the Rhine. Appellhofs (1824), building festival for the town hall (1913), town hall, provost's house at St. Maria ad Gradus; suburbs (terrain in Marienburg, parish St. Marien, Kalk: Fabriken, Arbeiter, 1903); travel brochures, city maps, articles on Cologne for tourism; commemorative and public holidays; revolution 1848; parties, elections (centre, liberal parties, social democratic party); Reichstag elections, city elections; city announcements/publications, decrees concerning the city of Cologne. Debt management (1824), rules of procedure of the city council, census, distribution of business in the administration; announcements of the news office; general comptoir or table calendar 1814-1829 (incomplete); programmes of the Konzertgesellschaft Köln and the Gürzenich concerts (1849-1933); programmes of the chamber music concerts (1897-1914); programmes of the Musikalische Gesellschaft (1900-1916), music festivals, etc. Lower Rhine Music Festivals (1844-1910); Cologne Theater Almanach (1904-1908), City Theater, Schauspielhaus, including program booklets and leaflets; Theater Millowitsch; musical performances at celebrations and festivals, concert programs; Cologne Arts and Crafts Association (Annual Report 1912); Rheinisch-Westfälisches Wirtschaftsarchiv: Statutes, Rules of Procedure 1907; Exhibitions, etc. Art in Cologne private possession (1916), Carstan's Panoptikum (1888), German Art Exhibition, Cologne 1906, Deutsche Werkbund-Ausstellung 1914, Exhibition for War Welfare Cologne 1916; Handelshochschule Köln; university courses in Brussels (1918); Women's university studies for social professions (1916/17); music conservatory (1913); grammar schools, further education schools, elementary schools, weaving school in Mülheim, Waldschulhof Brück (1917), elementary school teachers' seminar; scientific conferences: 43. Meeting of German Philologists and Schoolmen 1895, IX. Annual meeting of the Association of Bathing Professionals 1910, 12th Association Day of the Association of German Professional Fire Brigades 1912; occasional poems for family celebrations, weddings; associations; programmes, membership cards, diplomas, statutes of health insurance funds and death funds; Catholic Church: associations, parishes, saints and patrons; Protestant Church: religious service order or Death ceremonies for the chief president Count Solms-Laubach (1822), for Moritz Bölling (1824); inauguration of the new synagogue, Glockengasse (1861); military: regimental celebrations, forbidden streets and restaurants (before 1914); memorandums about the garrison Cologne (1818); food supply in the First World War: food stamps, bread and commodity books, ration coupons and forms, etc.a. for coal purchasing; Einkaufs-Gesellschaft Rhein-Mosel m. b. H.Economy: Stadtsparkasse, cattle market in Cologne, stock exchange, beer price increase 1911; individual commercial enterprises, commercial and business buildings, hotels: brochures, letterheads, advertising cards and leaflets, price lists, statutes; shipping: Rhine shipping regulations, timetables, price lists, memorandums; main post office building, inauguration 1893; Rheinische Eisenbahn, Köln-Gießener Eisenbahn; German-French War 1870/71; First World War, etc.a. Leaflets, war loans, field letters, war poems; cruisers "Cologne"; natural disasters: Rhine floods, railway accident in Mülheim in 1910, hurricanes; social affairs: charity fair, asylum for male homeless people, possibly home for working young girls, invalidity and old-age insurance; St. Marien-Hospital; Sports: clubs, sports facilities, gymnastics festivals; Carnival: programs, carnival newspapers, - songs, - poems; celebrations, ceremonies for imperial birthdays, enthronements of archbishops, celebrations of other personalities; IV. Weimar Republic and National Socialism: floods; churches, treasure chambers; cathedral; individual buildings, monuments, including the old town, town hall, Gürzenich, Haus zum großen Rosendal, Mühlengasse; Revolution 1918: workers' and soldiers' council; gifts, honorary citizenship to NS greats; hanged forced laborers; bank robber Gebrüder Heidger (1928); municipal and other official publications concerning the Weimar Republic and National Socialism. Luftschutz, NSRechtsbetreuungsstelle; Newsletter of the Welfare Office 1937, 1938; Kameradschaftsdienst der Verwaltung für Wirtschaftsfürsorge, Jugendpflege und Sport 1940, 1943, 1944; Müllabfuhr und Müllverwertungsanstalt, Wirtschaftspolitik, Industrieansiedlung, Eingemeindung von Worringen, Erweiterung des Stadtgebiets; political parties: Advertising flyers for elections, pins, badges of DNVP, NSDAP, SPD, centre; camouflage letters of the KPD; appeals, rallies of various political groups, including the Reich Committee for the German Referendum (against the Young Plan, 1929), Reich Presidential Election, referendum in the Saar region, Working Committee of German Associations (against the Treaty of Versailles); Municipal Stages: Periodical "Die Tribüne", 1929-1940, annual reports 1939-1944, programme and cast sheets for performances in the opera house and the Schauspielhaus, also in the Kammerspiele; Lower Rhine music festivals; galleries (Dr. Becker, Goyert), Kölnischer Kunstverein: Invitations to exhibitions (1934-1938), circulars to members; art auctions at Fa. Math. Lempertz (1925-1931); music performances, concerts: Kölner Männer-Gesang-Verein, municipal orchestra, concerts of young artists, Concert Society Cologne; Millennium Exhibition 1925; museums: Wallraf-Richartz-Museum, Rautenstrauch-Joest-Museum, Kunstgewerbemuseum (among others monuments of old Russian painting, 1929), Schnütgen-Museum, art exhibitions, among others. Arno Breker (NSDAP-Gaupropaganda-Amt Gau Köln-Aachen), exhibition of works by West German artists (Deutsche Arbeitsfront), Richard Seewald, Deutscher Künstlerbund, Ausstellungsgemeinschaft Kölner Maler; universities, including the University of Cologne (lecture timetables, new building, anniversary 1938), Hochschule für Musik bzw. Conservatory of Music in Cologne; Reich activity reports of the foreign office of the lecturers of the German universities and colleges (1939-1942); Lower Rhine music festivals; scientific and cultural institutions and events and events in the region.a. Petrarca-Haus, German-Italian Cultural Institute, Volksbildungsstätte Köln, German-Dutch Institute, Cologne Meisterschule, Vereinigung für rechts- und staatswissenschaftliche Fortbildung in Köln, Austrian Weeks, Kampfbund für deutsche Kultur e.V.Conferences (Westdeutscher Archivtag 1939, Deutsche Anthropologische Gesellschaft 1927, Rheinische Siedlungstage 1925, Conference for Monument Conservation and Cultural Heritage Protection, Grenzland-Kundgebung der Beamten der Westmark, Cologne 1933, Internationaler Brieftauben-Züchter- Kongress (IBRA) 1939; Schools: Invitations, Testimonials Concerning the German Anthropological Society 1927, Rheinische Siedlungstage 1925, Conference for the Preservation of Monuments and Cultural Heritage, Borderland Demonstration of the Officials of the Westmark, Cologne 1933, Internationaler Brieftauben-Züchter-Kongreß (IBRA) 1939; Schools: Invitations, Testimonials Concerning the German Anthropological Society 1927, Rheinische Siedlungstagestage 1925, Conference for the Preservation of Monuments and Cultural Heritage, Borderland Demonstration of the Officials of the Westmark, Cologne 1933, International Brieftauben Congress (IBRA) 1939) Elementary schools, vocational schools, grammar schools; Sports: Vaterländische Festspiele 1924, Zweckverband für Leibesübungen Groß-Köln, 14th German Gymnastics Festival 1928, II German Fighting Games 1926, Leichtathletik-Welt- und Länderkämpfe, Westdeutscher Spielverband, Hockey-Damen-Länderspiel Deutschland- Australien 1930, Excelsior-Club Köln e.V., XII. Bannerspiele der weiblichen Jugend der Rheinprovinz 1926; Catholic Church (official announcements and publications, e.g. Kirchlicher Anzeiger für die Erzdiözese Köln; pamphlets; programme, prayer slips); British occupation, French colonial troops in the Rhineland, identity cards, passports; British World War I pamphlets; Liberation celebration in Cologne 1926; Second World War: appeals, leaflets concerning the Second World War; information leaflets concerning the Second World War: "The German Revolution", "The German Revolution", "The German Revolution", "The German Revolution", "The German Revolution", "The German Revolution", "The German Revolution", "The German Revolution", "The German Revolution", "The German Revolution", "The German Revolution", "The German Revolution", "The German Revolution", "The German Revolution", "The German Revolution", "The German Revolution", "The German Revolution", "The German Revolution", "The German Revolution". Air raids, defence, low-flying combat, darkening, etc.; newspaper articles about air raids on Cologne; advertising: leaflets, leaflets of the advertising office, the Cologne Week publishing house and the Cologne Tourist Association for Cologne, including the surrounding area and the Rhine Valley; invitations, menus to receptions and meals of the Lord Mayor Adenauer (1927-1929); pay slips, work certificates, work books of Cologne companies; Cologne Trade Fair: Programmes, brochures, adhesive stamps, catalogues for trade fairs and exhibitions (1924-1933); food stamps and cards for World War I; announcements; clothing cards, basic cards for normal consumers for World War II; vouchers for the city of Cologne (emergency money) from 1920-1923, anniversary vouchers for Gewerbebank eGmbH Köln-Mülheim, also for Dellbrücker Volksbank eGmbH; savings banks: Annual reports of the Sparkasse der Hansestadt Köln; documents, savings books of the Spar- und Darlehnskasse Köln-Dünnwald, the Kreissparkasse des Landkreises Köln, Bergheim und Mülheim, also the branch Köln-Worringen, the Bank des Rheinischen Bankverein/Rheinischen Bauernbank; Köln-Bonner-Eisenbahnen: Annual reports, balance sheets (1939-1941); trams: Annual Report, Annual Report (1939, 1940), Ticket; Köln-Frechen-Benzelrather Eisenbahn: Tariffs; Shipping: Preussisch-Rheinische Dampfschiffahrts-Gesellschaft zu Köln, Dampfschiffahrtsgesellschaft für den Nieder- und Mittelrhein zu Düsseldorf (Annual Reports 1938-1940), Köln- Düsseldorfer Rheindampfschiffahrt, Weber-Schiff (Timetables); Kraftverkehr Wupper-Sieg AG, Wipperfürth (Annual Reports 1939, 1940, Advertising Brochure 1937); Advertising brochure of the Airport Administration Cologne (1929); Individual Companies: House announcements, advertising leaflets, cards, brochures, adhesive stamps, receipts from industrial companies (Ford Motor Company AG, Glanzstoff- Courtaulds GmbH, Herbig-Haarhaus, department stores). Department store Carl Peters, insurance companies, newspapers, publishing houses, bookstores, craft businesses, shops (tobacco shops); Cologne bridges (Mülheimer bridge), post office, restaurants, hotels; invitations to festivals, events, anniversaries of associations, programmes; professional associations; cooperatives (Cologne-Lindenthal cooperative savings and building association (1930-1938); social affairs: Cologne emergency aid, housing assistance, sending of children (mostly official printed matter); collecting cards from Cologne and other companies, above all from the food and luxury food industries, such as coffee and tobacco companies, etc.a. the companies Haus Neuerburg, Himmelreich Kaffee, Stollwerk AG, König

Contains: Memorandum on the violation of the interests of the Deutsche Kolonialgesellschaft für Südwestafrika by the Damaraland Concession

Contains among other things: Establishment of diamond grinding shops, mainly in Belgium and Holland Increased training of diamond workers at a diamond technical school in Hanau

Contains among other things: Statutes of the Association of Central German Hydropower Owners, Erfurt 1911 Vakschool voor Diamantbewerkers, Antwerp 1912

History of the Inventory Designer: 1.2.1939 Appointment of the "General Aircraft Master", subordinate to the Secretary of State for Aviation and Inspector General of the Air Force, who was in charge of the Technical Office for the Development, Testing and Procurement of Air Force Equipment established on 17.7.1933, as well as the Supply Office in existence since 1.8.1936. At the same time, the "Amtsgruppe Industrie-Plan und Wirtschaft" was established, which from June 1939 was called the "Amtsgruppe Technische Wirtschaft und Haushalt" and from 1941 the "Industriewirtschaftsamt". In 1940/41 a planning office was created at the Generalflugmeister and on 1.3.1944 a fighter staff to increase the production of fighter planes. The Jägestab was under both the State Secretary for Aviation and the Reich Minister for Armaments and War Production, who assumed full responsibility for air force production in 1944. The office of the General Flight Attendant was dissolved on 29.7.1944. The responsibility for testing, developing and taking over the device remained with the Luftwaffe and was assumed by the Chief of Technical Air Defence (ChefTLR). In addition, the Industrial Office, now the "Economic Office", remained in existence. On 15 April 1943, the tasks of the Supply Office had already been transferred to the Chief of the Supply Department, who was subordinate to the General Aircraft Master, who described the inventory: On 17 July 1933, the Flight Technology Department of the General Aircraft Office was made independent as the Technical Office. He was responsible for the development, testing and procurement of the air force equipment. On 1 February 1939 it was subordinated to the newly appointed General Airworthiness Inspector (GL), who was subordinate to the State Secretary of Aviation and General Inspector of the Air Force, and also to the Supply Office, which had existed since 1 August 1936 and whose duties were transferred on 15 April 1943 to the Chief of Supply to the General Quartermaster. At the same time, in 1939, the Industry and Economy Section was set up under GL to carry out development and procurement contracts, to monitor prices, to set delivery conditions and to broker loans. From June 1939 it was called Amtsgruppe Technische Wirtschaft und Haushalt, from 1941 Industriewirtschaftsamt. In 1940/41 a planning office was created at GL and a fighter baton was set up on 1 March 1944 to increase the production of fighter planes. The latter was subordinate both to the Secretary of State for Aviation and to the Reich Minister for Armament and War Production, who finally assumed full responsibility for the production of the Luftwaffe, so that the office of the General Aircraft Master was dissolved on 29 July 1944, while the Inspector General of the Luftwaffe continued to exist as an independent office. Responsibility for testing, developing and taking over the device was transferred to the Chief of Technical Air Defence (ChefTLR). Characterisation of the contents: Only a few documents have survived from the staff of the General Aircraft Master and the Chief Technical Air Defence (ChefTLR). The war diary of the Chief of Technical Air Armament from 18 December 1944 to the end of the war has been preserved. In addition, there is an extensive collection of circulars and minutes of conferences by Göring, Milch, the General Aircraft Master and the Reich Minister for Armaments and War Production as well as the Hunter's Staff. Much of the overdelivery is due to technical documentation and correspondence with companies. Particularly noteworthy here are raw materials, construction and procurement programmes and tables on flight inventory. Pre-archival order: The archive material, which has only been handed down in fragments, originates from the return of files from the USA and Great Britain to the Document Centre of the Military History Research Office, from where it was handed over to the military archive in 1968. Citation style: BArch, RL 3/...

History of the Inventory Designer: Introduction Stones do not speak. Much less can or must entire buildings reveal the whole historical truth. National Socialism should work. Building under National Socialism also served this purpose, either directly on behalf of the system or indirectly at least by not opposing it. The enslavement of architecture by the regime was not limited to new buildings of the NS era. National Socialism also established itself in the stock, instrumentalised old buildings everywhere for its purposes. Not even all of the important command centers of the Nazi regime or the main sites of Nazi terror were housed throughout in buildings which, in historical retrospect, could be regarded as having their origin and function at the time. In the memory of the city and in the urban space, places of the perpetrators are handed down as places of the victims, whose role is only revealed in the explanation and commentary of their historical function in the "Third Reich". Prehistory until 1937 In the Third Reich, architecture served to express power and domination. This is particularly evident in the inner city of Berlin. The monumental new buildings in the imperial capital were intended to symbolize "German world standing". Adolf Hitler wanted to see "works created for eternity" in Berlin, "only comparable with ancient Egypt, Babylon or Rome," as he said in 1936. At the 1937 Reich Party Congress, Hitler announced: "... Therefore our buildings should not be thought for the year 1940, also not for the year 2000, but should project directly into the domes of our past into the millennia of the future." Soon after the seizure of power, propagandistically effective building projects were started. These included the Reich Aviation Ministry, Tempelhof Airport, which was to be expanded into a "world airport", and the Reich Sports Field, which was to be expanded and redesigned with a view to the Olympic Games. The powerful buildings were presented to the public with great journalistic effort. At the 1936 Reich Party Congress in Nuremberg, Hitler announced the "reconstruction of Berlin as the capital of the German Reich". Hitler had initially intended to have his plans for the reorganization of the inner-city area processed by the Berlin city administration. When he realised that the local authorities were reluctant to impose his far-reaching transformation fantasies, he changed the responsibilities for planning and building in the capital. On 30 January 1937, the young architect Albert Speer was appointed general building inspector for the redevelopment of the imperial capital (GBI), reporting directly to the "Führer". Organization and history from 1937 A few days after Speer's appointment, Hitler ordered the House of the Academy of Arts at Pariser Platz No. 4, which until then had belonged to the office of the Minister of Education, to be vacated for the office of the General Building Inspector. Within a year and a half, the GBI's planning staff alone grew to eighty-seven people, while the so-called implementing body employed the same number of staff. Speer appointed a number of equally competent and reliable people to the executive positions in the three main departments into which he divided the office: the head office, which administered the budget, was taken over by the financial expert Karl Maria Hettlage, the general site manager Walter Brugmann, who had got to know Speer in Nuremberg, and for the planning office, since it was objectively most important to him, he, in addition to Hans Stephan, called on two long-standing friends, Rudolf Wolters and Willi Schelkes, who had been associated with him since days of study. The Speers offices, which had been established successively since 1937, were not divided into three main offices until mid-1940 under the central management of the GBI. After his appointment to the GBI, Speer expanded his planning staff to the "office" of the GBI. This later Main Office I, Planning Office, was responsible for all planning matters, ordered more than one hundred areas of redesign by 1942 and set the respective clearance dates. From 1938, Jewish tenants were forced to cancel their tenancy agreements on the basis of the "Verordnung über den Einsatz des jüdischen Vermögens" (Ordinance on the Use of Jewish Property); they were admitted to Jewish houses and later to concentration camps. For the "resettlement" of Jews and the reassignment of the apartments, the GBI's "Implementation Office" had been set up under the direction of Karl Maria Hettlage. In this way about 18,000 apartments were requisitioned. Areas from which the Jews were completely expelled were described as "Jew-free". The number of buildings erected during the twelve years of National Socialist rule between 1933 and 1945 is surprisingly high, especially since it must be remembered that only six years were available during the Second World War. In November 1939, a ban on new construction was imposed due to the war, which was followed half a year later by the discontinuation of all construction measures not necessary for the war. The GBI was established by the Decree of 30 January 1937. The office itself was assigned to Albert Speer, who from 1934 was "the representative for construction in the staff of the deputy of the Führer" and as such had already established some Nazi party buildings, especially in Nuremberg. At first, the GBI's competence did not extend beyond Berlin and its immediate surroundings. The "Gesetz über die Neugestaltung deutscher Städte" of 4 Oct. 1937 does not yet contain a more detailed provision on the "agency commissioned" by Hitler himself to carry out these projects. Only in this way was it possible for a special "General Building Council for the Capital of the Movement" to be appointed to Munich by decree of 21 Dec. 1938 and for this office to be occupied by the NS party architect Paul Giesler; Giesler was also commissioned with the establishment of NS party buildings in Augsburg and Weimar. It was not until the third decree on the GBI of 18 Oct 1940 that the competence of the GBI was significantly extended. The latter was expressly declared a "commissioned body" within the meaning of the Act on the Redevelopment of German Cities. In the years 1938 to 1942, a total of 32 cities in the former Reich territory were included in the new planning on the basis of the law of 4 Oct. 1937 by decrees and ordinances promulgated in the Reichsgesetzblatt. As of the end of 1942, the progress of all urban development plans of a peace-related nature was completely halted, since tasks important to the war awaited solution and Speer himself had been largely involved in them since his appointment as Reich Minister for Armament and Munitions on 15 February 1942 and on 2 September 1943 as Reich Minister for Armament and War Production. With the decree of 11 Oct. 1943 on the preparation of the reconstruction of bomb-damaged cities, Speer was entrusted with the necessary tasks in his capacity as GBI. He had to determine the framework for the future design of the cities and the right to decide on urban development issues of the reconstruction cities in place of the Reich Minister of Labour. The elimination of the Reich Labour Minister, to whom Speer had previously been bound as GBI despite his direct subordination under Hitler, was above all a consequence of Speer's present position as Reich Minister. Inventory description: Inventory history In Germany, the General Building Inspector's collection for the imperial capital is divided into three archives: the Bundesarchiv, the Landesarchiv Berlin and the Bayerische Hauptstaatsarchiv Munich. A total of three finding aids were available in the Federal Archives for the inventory R 4606 General Building Inspector for the Imperial Capital. The holdings were brought together from Potsdam and Koblenz at the beginning of the 1990s and have since been known as R 4606 General Building Inspector for the Imperial Capital. In the Landesarchiv Berlin there are 1016 files as well as in the planning chamber there 1,000 sheets of the GBI under the signature A Pr.Br.Rep. 107 from the years (1935) 1937 to 1945. In addition there are files of the grave commissioner active since July 1932 and last on his behalf, the former social democratic government president Ernst von Harnack. The card index of the graves of important personalities, arranged according to city districts and cemeteries, was intended to prepare the construction of an honorary cemetery "to express the spiritual significance of the imperial capital" (148 vols., 1941-1943). With the provenance indication "Baubüro Speer", the Hauptstaatsarchiv Munich contains more than 3,000 plans for buildings mainly in Berlin (including the Reich Chancellery, Reichstag, "Haus des Führers", "Große Halle"), the party congress grounds in Nuremberg and others. Furthermore, the special archive in Moscow contains a collection of 86 files of various contents from the years 1920 to 1944 under the title Fond 1409 General Building Inspector for the Reich Capital, e.g. on the use of prisoners of war at the GBI or correspondence between Speers and authorities and private individuals. Archival evaluation and processing Before 1990, the holdings were processed both in Potsdam with the inventory designation R 46.06 and in Koblenz (R 120) up to the preparation of the finding aid book. With the merging of the holdings mentioned above, the Koblenz files received new signatures. In view of the great public interest in information from this archive stock, it was decided in 2008 to retro-convert the finding aids with the aim of publishing them on the Internet. 177 files from a transfer of files from the Bamberg State Archives from the 1980s, which deal with the construction of the High Command of the Army and the Soldiers' Hall, were indexed and subsequently recorded. In 2008, the 29 files of the head of department at GBI, Schelkes' estate documents under the previous name "Kleine Erwerbungen Nr. 864" were also added. A further takeover included the "Art in the Third Reich" component, which had been incorporated into the archives, from which 38 index units of maps and plans were allocated to the holdings and listed. The archives were already taken over by the GDR Department in 1997. However, they have not been added to the portfolio due to equal signatures, but have been managed as an extra bundle without a direct reference to the portfolio. The classifications found were largely adopted and summarised in a factual manner. The development data available up to then were partly modified and series and volume sequences formed. The internal order of the files has been maintained. The inventory has already been moved from standing folders to folders. The maps are stored in specially designed folders and cabinets. Characterization of content: Office Speer 1937-1944 (111); files of leading employees (as far as not objectively assigned) 1937-1944 (59); Main Office Administration and Economy: General Administration: Administration of services 1937-1945 (99), General administration 1932-1945 (442), Land and building matters 1937-1945 (71), Procurement and inventory management 1937-1945 (4), Budget matters 1937-1945 (299), Accounting 1938-1944 (17), Secret files (chronological) 1938-1945 (34), Examination office 1940-1945 (56), Treasury 1938-1945 (91), Other financial and administrative matters 1939-1945 (11). Personnel 1938-1943 (152), Law 1937-1945 (51), Housing issues (evacuation and resettlement), 1937-1945 (50), Quota administration 1939-1945 (80); Planning office: Plankammer 1937-1943 (15), Competitions exhibitions and collections 1934-1942 (44), Area declarations 1938-1944 (64), Individual construction planning areas: General 1937-1945 (133), armament expansion 1939-1943 (43), Wehrmacht installations 1937-1944 (98), Reich Air Ministry Airports 1937-1940 (31), traffic 1934-1943 (402), buildings and installations 1935-1944 (567), Authorities and organisations 1936-1944 (428), industrial buildings 1936-1944 (402), residential buildings in individual administrative districts of Berlin and the surrounding area 1936-1944 (405), other planning projects 1938-1944 (7), construction projects outside Berlin 1936-1943 (164); Implementation office for the redesign of the imperial capital 1938-1944(19); general construction management: Supervision of the army high command: General 1939-1945 (38), individual projects (building blocks) 1939-1945 (150). Construction management 1939-1945 (10), maps plans schematics: General 1938-1942 (11), development planning of settlements and peripheral communities 1938-1942 (20), streets and squares green and open spaces 1937-1943 (50), authorities and institutions 1938-1943 (36), Wehrmacht facilities of the Reich Aviation Ministry 1937-1940 (7), University and teaching facilities 1938-1943 (11), industrial and office buildings 1939-1943 (28), residential buildings 1939-1944 (46), Reichsbahnbaudirektion Berlin 1939-1941 (18), theatre buildings 1936-1943 (260), buildings outside Berlin 1923-1948 (44). Settlement agency: 1946-1948 (1). Citation style: BArch, R 4606/...

Outstation: Guichab-Asis; Outstation of Bethanien s. RMG 2.498 a-c; Farm Grootfontein s. RMG 2.548; RMG to South-West-Africa-Company, London, because of permission to build e. Missionsstation u. e. Brunnens, 1910; annual and conference reports, by missionary Heinrich Wilhelm Friedrich Pardey and Karl Schmitz, 1910-1945; map sketches of trips to the surrounding farms, by Heinrich Wilhelm Friedrich Pardey, 1911; visitation report, 1912; annual reports on sisters' work, by Christa Hilmer and Luise (Liesel) Hohl, 1925-1946

Contains: Diamond requisitioning; guide prices for diamonds; mining in French Guinea and Sierra Leone; diamond mines in Dakar; combating the black market

Inventory description: Dept. 159 Herrnsheimer Dalberg-Archiv (files, official books) Size: 1943 units of description (= 27 lfm = 201 archive cartons, 2 large cartons, 2 lfm oversized formats - own inventory: 1878 VE, remainder in Heylshof = 64 VE, with sub-VE in total) 2015) Duration: 1445 - 1866 Zur Familie und Herrschaft Dalberg (Note 1) The family of the chamberlains of Worms, later called 'von Dalberg', belonged as an influential family association to the episcopal ministry of Worms. Since 1239 she held the hereditary office of the chamberlain of Worms; this was later associated with economic-financial privileges in Worms, court rights and the Jewish Court in Worms. Since the 14th century, the family has succeeded in expanding various ownership complexes between Niederelsass and Hunsrück, with a focus on Wormsgau. This also includes the expansion of power in the towns of Herrnsheim and Abenheim, which began in the 14th century, through the acquisition of feudal rights and property (2). The dominion complex with Herrnsheim and Abenheim was predominantly surrounded by Electoral Palatinate territory. Around 1460 a castle was erected in Herrnsheim (castle) and a surrounding wall was built around the village; between 1470 and 1492 a chapel of the local parish church of St. Peter was converted into a burial place, which has led to the development of the situation of a small residential town in Herrnsheim, which can still be seen today from the buildings and the townscape. Today's Herrnsheim Castle, owned by the town of Worms since 1958, was built together with the important English landscape garden in two construction phases from 1808 to 1814 and from 1820 to 1824. The dominion of Dalberg is a typical middle imperial knighthood territory. Since the late Middle Ages, the Dalberg dynasty had provided the fiefdoms of the Electorate of Mainz and Palatinate and held important ecclesiastical offices, including the bishop of Worms, Johann von Dalberg (1445-1503). The family split into different lines and branches. Outstanding persons for whom the collection contains material are Carl Theodor von Dalberg (1744-1817, Elector of Mainz, Grand Duke of Frankfurt); Wolfgang Heribert von Dalberg (1750-1806, Minister of State in Mannheim, Director of the National Theatre); Johann Friedrich Hugo von Dalberg (1760-1812, bishop and humanist); Emmerich Joseph Duc de Dalberg (1773-1833, diplomat and politician). In 1883 John Dalberg-Acton sold Herrnsheim Castle with all its interior and the park from his family's estate to Cornelius Wilhelm Heyl (Cornelius Wilhelm Freiherr von Heyl zu Herrnsheim), a leather industrialist from Worms, due to financial shortages (3). Thus also the library stored there and the documents and files of the Herrnsheimer Dalberg Archive of the previous owners were transferred to the buyer. After the death of his father in 1923, D. Dr. jur. Cornelius Freiherr Heyl zu Herrnsheim took over the castle, which he officially moved into in April 1929 (4). In the years of the Second World War the documents were relocated several times for safety reasons and probably suffered incomprehensible, but rather smaller losses (5). Until it was converted into an apartment, the Dalberg Archive was housed in a special archive room locked with an iron door in the castle, then in the library in the tower room on the first floor. When Siegfried Freiherr von Heyl zu Herrnsheim, son of D. Dr. jur. Cornelius Frhr. Heyl zu Herrnsheim, sold the castle to the city of Worms in July 1958 (6), the documents, files and official books of the Dalberg archive kept in boxes and bundles were not part of the sale. However, it was to be left on loan to the town on the basis of an agreement with the community of heirs (in autumn 1959) and an inventory was to be taken before a corresponding contract was concluded (7). This work was done by Carl J. H. Villinger (8), who handed over his summary list with the disaggregation to Dr. Georg Illert on 3.7.1964 (9). The draft of the loan contract was completed to the satisfaction of both parties at the end of 1965, so that there was nothing to prevent it from being concluded the following year. On 19 July 1966, lawyer H. Ramge, in his capacity as joint executor of the will, surprisingly approached the city with the offer that it could purchase the Dalberg Archive and the library holdings of Herrnsheim Palace from the estate of D. Dr. jur. Cornelius Freiherr Heyl zu Herrnsheim (10). With the support of the Landesarchivverwaltung Koblenz, which prepared an expert opinion on the basis of Villinger's list, the value was determined and one year later - in July 1967 - the documents were sold to the city. Thus, the Dalberg Archive, which according to the decree of the Prime Minister of Rhineland-Palatinate of 13.7.1961 had been entered into the state register of nationally valuable archives, could remain in Worms as a closed collection (11). A more detailed inventory should then be made, which was completed before the archive was moved to the city archive for security reasons. Villinger had compiled a detailed list of the contents of the 39 archive boxes, the qualitative condition of which was indicated from good to partly very poor, and of the remaining archive documents (12). On the basis of this list of Villingers, the lack of various documents and files as well as individual letters from correspondence series and gaps in official book series could be ascertained (13). In 1980 Siegfried Freiherr Heyl zu Herrnsheim handed over 14 sealed parchment documents and in 1985 his daughter, Mrs. Cornelia von Bodenhausen, another 72, partly decorative documents from the former possession of the treasurers of Worms Freiherr von Dalberg to the Foundation Kunsthaus Heylshof (14). The documents kept there were examined with the consent of the then Chairman of the Board of Trustees, Frhr. Ludwig von Heyl, as part of the project for the Dalberg Regestensammlung under the auspices of Hess. Staatsarchivs Darmstadt microfilmed in Darmstadt in 1985 and included in the Regestenwerk (15). The further written material lying in the Heylshof such as files, correspondence etc. could be taken into account in the preparation of the present repertory (16). Some files, which were offered at an auction in Heidelberg in 1984, could be bought with the support of the Altertumsverein Worms (17). Also in 1994, with the financial support of the Kulturfonds der Wormser Wirtschaft, the city was able to acquire 23 official and accounting books from private sources, which were added to the collection. With the help of this material, gaps in existing series could be closed again. Among these acquisitions was also the inventory "Verzeichnis der Urkunden, Schriftstücke etc. des Kämmerer-Dalbergarchivs Schloß Herrnsheim...", compiled in 1919 by Heyl's librarian and archivist Wilhelm Graf, in which he [until then] had only recorded the documents (18). For the use and recording of the Dept. 159 This inventory, Dept. 159, comprises the Herrnsheimer Dalberg Archive (files and official books), which, together with the other inventories, Dept. 159-U Herrnsheimer Dalberg Archive (documents) and Dept. 159-P Dalberg Plan Collection, comprises the entire collection of the archive of the chamberlains of Worms Freiherr von Dalberg, formerly kept in the Herrnsheimer Palace. As a complex aristocratic archive within the holdings of the Worms City Archive, it is of supra-regional importance. It reflects the work of a knightly aristocratic family with its lordly function and family ties. After the takeover of the material by the city of Worms in 1967, the directory prepared by C. J. H. Villinger served as a finding aid for years. In the archive, the bundles and official books of No. 1 - No. 428 were numbered consecutively and recorded in a corresponding list. While the documents (No. 1 - No. 323, plus sub-numbers (19)) already registered in 1919 by the Heyl's librarian and archivist Wilhelm Graf in document folders with numbers and title entries were initially easy to use, the files and folders with short titles and box numbers contained in the remaining archive boxes were relatively reliably findable, but only vaguely citable due to missing individual signatures. After in the 1980s the processing of the Dalbergian document holdings in Darmstadt, Worms (Stadtarchiv, Heylshof, Pfarrarchiv Herrnsheim) and in other archives had been implemented under the auspices of the Hessisches Staatsarchiv Darmstadt, a more precise indexing of the files was started as a further project (20). Dr. Jürgen Rainer Wolf of the Hessisches Staatsarchiv Darmstadt processed the documents kept in the other archive boxes of the Worms Dalberg Archive, which were brought to Darmstadt for this purpose. However, only a part of the boxes (21) was opened, and each box was given a number with sub-numbers separated by slashes for the individual pieces contained therein. However, the work did not come to a conclusion. With immediate effect Wolf's finding aid, which also included official book series, had to be used in addition to the directory compiled by Villinger (22). From then on, the use of the holdings was regarded as a particular challenge, especially since there was also a link between the holdings of documents and files. This was because, at the time of the document project, the comprehensive record of documents also included the documents lying dormant in the files, the location of which was then not reliable or only difficult to secure (23). At the beginning of 2011, due to the unsatisfactory usability of the inventory on the one hand and due to the discontinuous and inconsistent depth of distortion on the other hand, the complete new distortion of the file inventory was decided and completed in October 2012. The signatures should not be changed completely, but as many as possible should be preserved and the link with existing old signatures by means of concordance should of course be guaranteed. The titles were recorded directly in the Augias archive program, at the same time the documents were embedded in acid-free archive folders and boxes. "The numbering of the convolutes was retained as signatures and, if necessary, sub-numbers separated by slashes were assigned as soon as the mostly extensive fascicles contained various individual folders. "The official records retained their signatures. "The Wolf's units of description with their signatures (no. 430/1ff - no. 440/1ff) were taken over, sifted through and the existing title recordings were deepened and supplemented on the basis of the newly recorded pieces. "Documents (24) possibly in the files, which were considered in the Dalberger Regesten volumes, were seized with the title admission both over the old signature, and usually with reference to the sequential number in the second volume of the Dalberger Regesten (25). "The further archive boxes not yet taken up by Wolf were continued and listed according to the given pattern, i.e. each further archive box received a new number (No. 442ff (26)) and the individual files, folders etc. preserved therein were provided with sub-numbers, separated by a slash. "The unlisted material found at the end of the inventory was then added with consecutive signatures. "The Dalberg letters purchased on various occasions in the 1970s, mainly letters from Carl Theodor von Dalberg, which had been integrated into the collection at the time, also remained with the new indexing in Dept. 159. " The documents kept at Kunsthaus Heylshof were recorded and selected pieces digitized (27). The digital copies were integrated in the Worms Municipal Archives into the collection of Dept. 159, since the pieces of their provenance can be attributed to the former Herrnsheim Dalberg Archive. In the case of the originals, the signatures of the city archives were noted, while the numbering used in the Heylshof (28) was recorded as an "old signature" in the title recording. This enables targeted access to the originals at Heylshof if required. "Within the scope of the registration work also the files of Dept. 159 N were dissolved (29) and inserted into Dept. 159 (now Dept. 159 No. 852 - No. 884). These are files, correspondence and family papers (mainly on the Petersau donation and the Tascher affair), which obviously also belonged to the Dalberg Archive in the past. These once formed the inventory of Dept. 158 of Dalberg, which must have existed before 1967, about its origin, i.e. (pre-)provenance before transfer into the archive, but no information is available. During the title recording it became apparent that the inventory did not have a coherent structure and that the development of a system would only make sense after completion of the work. The classification was finally drawn up on the basis of the main points of content. The assignment of each individual unit of description to the corresponding classification group then took place in a final work step, after the completion of which a real overview of the contents of the present tradition and its meaning in its entirety could be obtained. Contents The documents that were last kept in the library tower of Herrnsheim Castle before being transferred to the Worms City Archives essentially comprise archival documents relating to the Herrnsheim Dalberg Line. By the marriage (oo 12.1.1771) Wolfgang Heribert von Dalbergs with Elisabetha Augusta nee Ulner von Dieburg (30) as well as by connections of the Dalberger with other families further document and file material was added. The collection of Dept. 159 as part of the Herrnsheimer Dalberg Archive comprises the file and official book tradition, the temporal focus of which clearly lies in the 18th and the first half of the 19th century. The early material (from 1249) is mostly copies of documents. A copy in which a large number of documents were recorded between 1249 and 1469 (31) deserves special mention here. Temporal "runaways" in the 20th century came about through subsequent additions to the holdings. On the one hand, various correspondences and records had been added sporadically at the time of the von Heyl family (32) and on the other hand, in connection with the purchase of Dalberg letters, the corresponding correspondence had been left with the letters (33). The most closed collection within the Dept. 159 is the archive material dating back to Emmerich Joseph von Dalberg (1773-1833). Due to the fact that with him the Herrnsheimer Dalberg line died out in the male tribe, after the death of his father Wolfgang Heribert all administrative matters of the Herrnsheimer line and after the death of his uncle Carl Theodor von Dalberg as his universal heir were incumbent upon him the order and administration of his inheritance including the Regensburg endowment. Furthermore and especially in Dept. 159 there is the diplomatic estate of the Duc de Dalberg with numerous memoirs, correspondence and rich material (targeted collection, own records etc.) on the (foreign) policy of France and other European countries. In addition, its business activities are richly reflected, not least in the activities of the Paravey Bank.

Inventory description: Until the beginning of the war in 1939, the departments and units were used to extend the fortifications in their home area, and then mainly to build coastal defence installations in the occupied western territories, Denmark and Norway on the so-called Atlantikwall. From 1941 onwards, the dismantling and demolition of existing fortifications to gain material for the construction of the Atlantic Wall was also one of the tasks of the fortress pioneers. Nevertheless, in the course of the war the fortress pioneers found themselves increasingly confronted with difficulties in procuring materials and equipment. Content characterisation: The inventory group comprises documents of numerous provenances of the higher pioneer staffs (e.g. Inspector of the State Fortifications and Higher Pioneer Officers) and middle pioneer staffs (mainly fortress pioneer commanders), the fortress pioneer staffs, fortress intelligence staffs, fortress services and construction units, individual security sections as well as the military geological sites. The most extensive individual collection with around 2000 archive units comes from the fortress pioneer staff 10 (Heilbronn), who, in addition to the pioneer staffs 11 and 12, directed the construction of the Neckar-Enz position from 1934 and was responsible for the section between Eberbach and Stuttgart. Parts of the staff later organised the work on the Westwall before it was used in northern Norway/North Finland from 1942. The records of this staff refer mainly to the period from 1935 to 1938, but to a lesser extent to the fortress pioneer staffs commissioned to build the Wetterau position (approx. 400 volumes of the fortress pioneer staff 14 Aschaffenburg). The documents consist of exploration reports, construction guidelines and plans, construction diaries, construction drawings for standard structures, cable plans, maps and picture folders, extension calendars, plans for communication links, commands for monitoring the facilities, for dam construction and for securing fortress areas. There are also files on the procurement of building materials, components and furnishings for the concreted stands, some of which refer to fortifications in the occupied territories. The assessment of the water and soil conditions is reflected in the expert reports of the weir geologists. In detail, the following provenances, terms and archive units are available: - Inspector of the fortifications of the federal states west: mainly 1942-1944 (about 35 AU), - Inspector of the fortifications of the federal states north: mainly 1942-1943 (8 AU), - Artillery officer west for the fortifications of the federal states: 1938-1945 (4 AE), - Higher Command Saarpfalz: 1944 (1 AE), - Higher Pioneer Officer for the State Fortifications West /News: 1934-1945 (15 AE), - Higher Pioneer Officer 2: 1940-1944 (2 AE), - Higher State Pioneer Officer 2: 1944 (1 AE), - Superstructure Staff 6 (including Section Staffs 12, 13, and Section Staffs 13), - Higher Pioneer Officer for the State Fortifications West /News: 1934-1945 (15 AE), - Higher Pioneer Officer 2: 1940-1944 (2 AE), - Higher State Pioneer Officer 2: 1944 (1 AE), - Superstructure Staff 6 (including Section Staffs 12, 13, and Section Staffs 13) 33-35): without date (43 AE), - superstructure member 9 (including section structural members 28, 29 and construction parts 28, 29), - superstructure member 9 (including section structural members 28, 29 and construction parts 29) 97-104: without date (50 AU), - Kommandantur der Befestigungen Eifel: 1939-1942 (4 AU), - Kommandantur der Befestigungen Niederrhein: 1939-1941 (17 AU) - Kommandantur der Befestigung Vogesen: 1944 (2 units), - Kommandantur der Befestigungen Oberrhein: 1940-1943 (14 units), - Kommandantur der Befestigungen Saarpfalz: 1940-1942 (3 units), - Festungs-Pionier-Kommandeur I: 1940-1944 (3 AE), - Fortress Pioneer Commander II: 1940-1941 (1 AE), - Fortress Pioneer Commander IV: 1941-1943 (2 AE), - Fortress Inspection V: 1934-1938 (32 AE), - Fortress Pioneer Commander VI (Fortress Inspector VI): 1934-1938 (11 AE), - Fortress Pioneer Commander VII: 1938-1939 (2 AE), - Fortress Pioneer Commander VIII: 1938-1940 (11 AU), - Fortress Pioneer Commander IX: 1938-1940 (7 AU), - Fortress Pioneer Commander XI: 1940 (1 AU), - Fortress Pioneer Commander XIII: 1944 (1 unit), - Fortress Pioneer Commander XIV: 1938,1942 (2 units), - Fortress Pioneer Commander XVI: 1944 (1 unit), - Fortress Pioneer Commander XVIII: 1945 (1 unit), - Fortress Pioneer Commander XIX: 1942-1944 (5 AE), - Fortress Pioneer Staff 1: 1940-1944 (11 AE), - Fortress Pioneer Staff 2: 1938-1944 (3 AE), - Fortress Pioneer Staff 3: 1940-1944 (4 AU), - Fortress Pioneer Staff 4: 1940 (1 AU), - Fortress Pioneer Staff 6: 1926-1944 (16 AU), - Fortress Pioneer Staff 7: 1944 (1 AU), - Fortress Pioneer Staff 8: 1941-1944 (1 unit), - Fortress Pioneer Staff 9: 1941-1945 (5 units), - Fortress Pioneer Staff 10: mainly 1935-1938 (about 2000 units), - Fortress Pioneer Staff 11: 1937-1944 (3 units), - Fortress Pioneer Staff 12: 1935-1943 (41 AU), - Fortress Pioneer Staff 13: 1936-1943 (56 AU), - Fortress Pioneer Staff 14: mainly 1935-1938 (about 400 AU), - Fortress Pioneer Staff 15: 1938-1944 (2 AE), - Fortress Pioneer Staff 16: 1938-1940 (2 AE), - Fortress Pioneer Staff 17: 1938-1944 (5 AE), - Fortress Pioneer Staff 18: 1938-1940 (5 AE), - Fortress Pioneer Staff 19: 1938-1940 (5 AE), - Fortress Pioneer Staff 19: 1938-1940 (5 AE), - Fortress Pioneer Staff 21: 1942-1944 (4 AE), - Fortress Pioneer Staff 22: 1939-1941 (4 AE), - Fortress Pioneer Staff 23: 1939-1940 (2 AE), - Fortress Pioneer Staff 24: 1940-1944 (5 AE), - Fortress Pioneer Staff 25: 1939-1944 (8 AE), - Fortress Pioneer Staff 26: 1942-1943 (2 AE), - Fortress Pioneer Staff 27: 1941-1943 (2 AE), - Fortress Pioneer Staff 28: 1936-1945 (6 AE), - Fortress Pioneer Staff 29: 1940-1943 (2 AE), - Fortress Pioneer Staff 30: 1941-1942 (7 AE), - Pioneer Special Staff 66: 1944 (2 AE), - Pionier-Sonderstab Ewringmann (AOK 14, Northern Italy): 1944-1945 (5 AE), - Pionier-Erkundungsstab Nobiling (Italy): 1944-1945 (4 AE), - Festungs-Nachrichtenstäbe 1, 3, 7, 10, 14, 15, 17, 18, 20: mainly 1942-1943 (about 50 AE), - Festungsdienste, Festungspionier-Abschnitte, Festungs-Baustellen (u. a. Trier, Düren, Traben-Trarbach): mainly 1940-1944 (about 80 units), - fortress commandant's offices (e.g. Marienburg, St. Malo, Boulogne): 1921-1945 (about 40 AE), - of almost all military geological sites (a total of about 600 files, mainly reports on water supply and water conditions in France, the Netherlands and the Soviet Union), to a considerable extent from the following military geological sites: 2 (around 60 AU), 4, 5, 6 and 7 (around 20 AU each), 16 (around 50 AU), 17 (around 70 AU); 20 (around 40 AU), 21, 23, 26 and 28 (around 30 AU each), 29 (around 90 AU), 31 (around 30 AU), Lviv (around 30 AU). State of development: Index of finds Scope, Explanation: 4237 AE Method of citation: BArch, RH 32/...

Geschichte des Bestandsbildners: Rechtsgrundlagen Zu Beginn des 19. Jahrhunderts herrschte in Deutschland mit 29 verschiedenen Patentrechten bzw. Privilegienordnungen jeweils territorialer Wirkung eine große Rechtszersplitterung auf dem Gebiet des gewerblichen Rechtsschutzes. Dieser Zustand wurde durch das von einer Patentkommission des Reichskanzleramts erarbeitete Patentgesetz vom 25. Mai 1877 (RGBl. S. 501) beendet. Dieses war mehr industrie- als erfinderfreundlich, denn der Erteilungsanspruch stand dem ersten Anmelder, nicht dem Erfinder zu, und Patente konnten gewerblich verwertet werden. Jedermann hatte das Recht auf Einsichtnahme in die Erteilungsunterlagen. Beschreibungen und Zeichnungen wurden von da an amtlich veröffentlicht. Obwohl die Möglichkeit der Lizenzerteilung an Dritte ohne Übertragung des Patentrechts vorgesehen war, unterlag der Patentinhaber drei Jahre nach der Erteilung einem indirekten Lizenzzwang. Die gesetzlichen Grundlagen für das Kaiserliche Patentamt bildeten das o.g. Patentgesetz und die Verordnung betreffend die Errichtung, das Verfahren und den Geschäftsgang des Patentamts vom 18. Juni 1877 (RGBl. S. 533). Der Patentschutz war aber noch nicht effektiv genug, und die Zahl der Anmeldungen stieg, so dass schon am 4. April 1891 ein neues Patentgesetz (RGBl. S. 79) erlassen wurde. In erster Linie verstärkte es die Rechte der Patentinhaber. Der Neuheitsbegriff im Sinne des § 2 des Gesetzes wurde eingeschränkt und unter bestimmten Voraussetzungen die Aussetzung der Bekanntmachung ermöglicht. Das Gesetz betreffend den Schutz von Gebrauchsmustern vom 1. Juni 1891 (RGBl. S. 290) war eine Ergänzung des Patentgesetzes und trat ebenso wie dieses am 1. Oktober 1891 in Kraft. Es war notwendig geworden, da das Gesetz betreffend das Urheberrecht an Mustern und Modellen vom 11. Januar 1876 (RGBl. S. 11) nur die sogenannten Geschmacksmuster, jedoch nicht die zur Steigerung der Gebrauchsfähigkeit dienenden Modelle (Gebrauchsmuster) schützte. Eine weitere Vereinheitlichung des gewerblichen Rechtsschutzes brachte das Gesetz zum Schutz der Warenbezeichnungen vom 12. Mai 1894 (RGBl. S. 441). Auf diesem Gebiet hatte es bis 1874 lediglich regionale Zeichenrechte gegeben. Das Gesetz über den Markenschutz vom 30. November 1874 (RGBl. S. 1943) hatte die Zuständigkeit für die Registrierung den Amtsgerichten zugewiesen. Nun oblag auch diese Aufgabe dem Patentamt. Das Gesetz betreffend die Patentanwälte vom 21. Mai 1900 (RGBl. S. 233; neugefasst durch das Patentanwaltsgesetz vom 28. September 1933 (vgl. RGBl. II S. 669) führte eine Liste von berufsmäßigen Vertretern im Verfahren vor dem Patentamt, eine Prüfungskommission und einen Ehrengerichtshof für Patentanwälte ein. Starke Reformbestrebungen seit ca. 1900, die 1913 zu einem Entwurf der Reichsregierung für ein neues Patentgesetz nebst Gebrauchsmustergesetz führten, wurden durch den Ausbruch des Ersten Weltkrieges unterbrochen. Sie wurden ab 1927 wieder aufgenommen, konnten auf Grund der innenpolitischen Verhältnisse aber nicht sofort durchgeführt werden und fanden ihren Abschluss erst in den Gesetzen über den gewerblichen Rechtsschutz vom 5. Mai 1936. Das Patentgesetz vom 5. Mai 1936 (RGBl. II S. 117) brachte hauptsächlich dem Erfinder zugute kommende Änderungen, darunter die Ersetzung des Anmelderprinzips durch das Erfinderprinzip, die Unterstützung mittelloser Erfinder und eine Neuheitsschonfrist. Das Patentrecht sollte das geistige Eigentum des Erfinders schützen. Durch das Gebrauchsmustergesetz vom 5. Mai 1936 (RGBl. II S. 130) wurden das materielle Gebrauchsmusterrecht und das Verfahrensrecht an das Patentgesetz angeglichen. Auch das neue Warenzeichengesetz vom 5. Mai 1936 (RGBl. II S. 134) brachte verschiedene Neuerungen. Im Zweiten Weltkrieg gab es neben der Einführung von Geheimpatenten und eingeschränkten Beschwerdemöglichkeiten auch im Interesse der Rüstungswirtschaft stehende Fortschritte im Arbeitnehmererfinderrecht. Aufgaben des Patentamts Die wesentlichen Aufgaben des Patentamts waren die Erteilung von Patenten und die Entscheidung über die Erklärung der Nichtigkeit bzw. die Zurücknahme von Patenten sowie die Erteilung von Zwangslizenzen. Daraus ergab sich eine Doppelfunktion sowohl als Verwaltungsbehörde als auch als gerichtliche Instanz. Eine Möglichkeit der Berufung gegen Nichtigkeitsbeschlüsse bestand beim Reichsoberhandelsgericht in Leipzig, ab dem 1. Oktober 1879 beim Reichsgericht. Einen besonderen Aufgabenbereich des Reichspatentamts in der Zeit des Zweiten Weltkriegs bildete die Vergeltung von Patenten. Auf der Grundlage des § 26 der Verordnung über die Behandlung feindlichen Vermögens vom 15. Januar 1940 (RGBl I S. 191) erließ der Reichsjustizminister in den folgenden Jahren mehrere Verordnungen über gewerbliche Schutzrechte bzw. Urheberrechte ausländischer Staatsangehöriger. Wurden deutschen Staatsangehörigen oder Unternehmen auf Grund fehlender bilateraler Abkommen oder Verträge auf der Grundlage von Ausnahmegesetzen Beschränkungen in der Nutzung von ausländischen Patenten auferlegt und in der Vergeltung ihrer eigenen Patente durch ausländische Firmen eine gegenüber den Bürgern dieser ausländischen Staaten abweichende Behandlung zuteil, so wurden sie für entstandene finanzielle Schäden durch das Deutsche Reich vergolten. An den in Deutschland wirksamen Schutzrechten ausländischer Staatsangehöriger konnten zur Wahrung allgemeiner Belange Ausübungsrechte an deutsche Firmen erteilt werden. Außerdem bestand die Möglichkeit, Patenterteilungen auszusetzen bzw. Gebrauchsmuster und Warenzeichen einzutragen. Die entsprechenden Anordnungen wurden vom Präsidenten des Reichspatentamts getroffen, gegen dessen Entscheidung keine Beschwerde möglich war. Organisation Zu Beginn seiner Tätigkeit gliederte sich das Patentamt in sechs Anmeldeabteilungen (für Patentanmeldungen) und eine Nichtigkeitsabteilung. Es gab keine eigenen Beschwerdeabteilungen, denn über Beschwerden gegen Beschlüsse einer Anmeldeabteilung entschied jeweils eine der anderen Anmeldeabteilungen. Das Patentgesetz von 1891 schuf erstmals die klare funktionelle Trennung von Anmelde-, Beschwerde- und Nichtigkeitsabteilungen sowie ein Vorprüfverfahren durch Mitglieder der Anmeldeabteilungen. Durch das Gebrauchsmustergesetz von 1891 wurde die Einrichtung einer Anmeldestelle für Gebrauchsmuster notwendig. Jedoch fand das Gebrauchsmusterlöschungsverfahren vor den ordentlichen Gerichten statt. Das Warenzeichengesetz von 1894 führte zur Errichtung von Warenzeichenabteilungen. Am 31. Oktober 1917 wurde das Patentamt aus dem Geschäftsbereich des Reichsamts des Innern ausgegliedert und dem Reichsjustizamt nachgeordnet. Am 24. März 1919 erhielt es die Bezeichnung "Reichspatentamt" (RPA). 1926 wurde beim Reichspatentamt der Große Senat gebildet, der die Entscheidungsbefugnis über grundsätzliche Rechtsfragen erhielt. Die Gesetze über den gewerblichen Rechtsschutz von 1936 bewirkten folgende organisatorische Veränderungen: Im Patentbereich wurden die Anmelde-, Beschwerde- und Nichtigkeitsabteilungen in Senate umbenannt, an deren Spitze Senatspräsidenten standen. Im Warenzeichenbereich gab es fortan Warenzeichenabteilungen und Beschwerdesenate. Im Gebrauchsmusterbereich ging die Zuständigkeit für Gebrauchsmusterlöschungsverfahren von den Zivilgerichten auf das Patentamt über. Daher gab es neben der Gebrauchsmusterstelle, die für Anmeldungen zuständig war, auch Gebrauchsmusterabteilungen, die mit Löschungen befasst waren. Durch eine Verordnung vom 17. Juni 1938 (RGBl. I S. 638) wurden das österreichische Patentamt und der österreichische Patentgerichtshof mit Wirkung vom 1. Juli 1938 übernommen und als Zweigstelle Österreich dem Reichspatentamt angegliedert. Die Zweigstelle wurde allerdings durch Erlass des Reichsjustizministers vom 23. Dezember 1941 (s. "Deutsche Justiz" 1942, S. 13) zum 31. März 1942 wieder aufgelöst (vgl. R 131/587-589, 794-796, 1021-1025). Im April 1945 stellte das Reichspatentamt seine Arbeit ein. Bedingt durch die Folgen des Zweiten Weltkrieges entwickelten sich in beiden deutschen Staaten separate Patentämter, in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland das Deutsche Patentamt (DPA) mit Sitz in München sowie einer Außenstelle in Berlin und in der Deutschen Demokratischen Republik das Amt für Erfindungs- und Patentwesen (AfEP). Personelle Entwicklung im Patentamt Bei der personellen Besetzung des Patentamts unterschied man neben dem Vorsitzenden, der seit der Bekanntmachung vom 26. Oktober 1882 den Titel "Präsident" führte, zwischen ständigen und nicht ständigen Mitgliedern sowie den "sonstigen" Bediensteten (Hilfskräften). Es gab zum einen rechtskundige, d.h. zum Richteramt oder zum höheren Verwaltungsdienst befähigte, zum anderen technische, d.h. in einem Bereich der Technik sachverständige, Mitglieder, die sämtlich in den Anfangsjahren des Patentamts nebenberuflich tätig waren. Im Jahr 1877 beschäftigte das Patentamt insgesamt 39 Personen. Im Zuge des Personalausbaus erhöhte sich zwar die Zahl der Beschäftigten von 39 (1877) auf 172 (1889), jedoch stieg die Mitgliederzahl nur von 22 auf 36. Der Grund dafür war das verstärkte Einstellen technischer Hilfsarbeiter (wissenschaftlicher Hilfskräfte). Als Folge der Neugestaltung durch das Patentgesetz von 1891, welches auch die Berufung der Mitglieder auf Lebenszeit brachte, wuchs der Personalbestand von über 600 (1900) auf annähernd 1.000 Personen (1914) an. Dabei vergrößerte sich die Zahl der Techniker im Vergleich zu den Juristen immer stärker. Im Ersten Weltkrieg wurden vermehrt weibliche Arbeitskräfte als Hilfskräfte eingestellt. Nach dem Krieg erreichte man den Stand von 1914 erst wieder im Jahr 1926 mit rund 1.000 Bediensteten. Ab 1930 setzte eine rasche Vergrößerung des Personalbestands ein, der seine Höchstzahl 1939 mit ca. 1.900 Personen erreichte. Internationale Zusammenarbeit: Auf internationaler Ebene kam es zur ersten Zusammenarbeit anlässlich der "Pariser Verbandsübereinkunft zum Schutz des gewerblichen Eigentums" vom 20. März 1883 (vgl. R 131/1049-1052, 1055). Dieser trat Deutschland allerdings erst mit Wirkung vom 1. März 1903 bei. Seitdem galt die Übereinkunft als innerdeutsches Recht. Ihre wichtigsten Bestimmungen waren die Unionspriorität und die Inländerbehandlung aller Unionsangehörigen. Diese Handhabung galt seit der Revision von 1911 auch für Gebrauchsmuster und Warenzeichen. Von besonderer Bedeutung ist außerdem das "Madrider Abkommen über die internationale Registrierung von Fabrik- und Handelsmarken" vom 14. April 1891 (vgl. R 131/1040, 1077-1081), dem Deutschland 1924 beitrat. Dies führte zur Bildung der Markenstelle für internationale Markenregistrierung beim Reichspatentamt. Bestandsbeschreibung: Bestandsgeschichte Wie andere Dienststellen der Verwaltung auch lagerte das in der Gitschiner Straße 97-103 in Berlin ansässige Reichspatentamt einen großen Teil seiner Unterlagen während des Zweiten Weltkriegs an Ausweichstandorte aus. Ab 1943 gelangten die Geheimsachen, das gesamte Prüfungsmaterial, die Akten der 21 Patentabteilungen sowie fast alle Unterlagen über noch schwebende Patentanmeldungen (ca. 180.000 Patenterteilungsakten der ersten Instanz) nach Schlesien, in ein leerstehendes Zuchthaus in Striegau und in den Ort Jauer. Die Geheimsachen über Patentanmeldungen, geheime Gebrauchsmuster, erteilte und Sonderpatente wurden im Januar 1945 wieder nach Berlin und im Februar 1945 in ein verlassenes Kalibergwerk in Heringen (Werra) gebracht. Dorthin verlegte man auch die Personalakten sowie einen Großteil der Bibliotheksbestände des Reichspatentamts (ca. 300.000 Bände) und das "Index" genannte Patentregister seit 1939 - mit Ausnahme des Buchstaben R, dessen Register in Striegau verblieb. Striegau wurde am 10. Februar 1945 von sowjetischen Truppen besetzt, die das Zuchthaus sprengten. Das gesamte Prüfungsmaterial, die Akten von 18 Patentabteilungen sowie das Patentregister für den Buchstaben R fielen den Flammen zum Opfer. Die nach der Rückeroberung der Stadt durch deutsche Truppen geborgenen Reste verbrachte man nach Heringen. Das Prüfungsmaterial und die Akten der drei restlichen Patentabteilungen, die zuvor in Jauer aufbewahrt worden waren, verlagerte man nach Eger und von dort aus später nach Lichtenfels. Andere Teile, vor allem Bücher und Prüfungsmaterial, flüchtete man im März 1945 von Striegau aus in eine Försterei in Bayerisch-Eisenstein. Diese Unterlagen überdauerten die Wirren der letzten Kriegstage. Das Schicksal der nach Jauer verlagerten Schriftgutbestände ist indes ungewiss. Von den in Berlin verbliebenen Unterlagen, v.a. Patenterteilungsakten der zweiten Instanz, d.h. Beschwerde- und Nichtigkeitsverfahren, sowie Akten über Gebrauchsmuster- und Warenzeichenverfahren, fielen große Teile den Kriegseinwirkungen in den letzten Monaten des Krieges zum Opfer. Durch Bomben zerstört wurden fast sämtliche Warenzeichenakten (ca. 520.000), Unterlagen über die in Deutschland geschützten, international registrierten Marken, fast sämtliche Gebrauchsmusterakten (ca. 160.000) sowie viele Verwaltungsakten. Vollständig zerstört wurden insbesondere die Sachakten der Personalverwaltung. Erhalten blieben vor allem die Patent-, Gebrauchsmuster- und Warenzeichen-Rollen. Von den sowjetischen Truppen wurden nach ihrem Einmarsch in Berlin am 27. Mai 1945 Patentanmeldungen, die sich im Beschwerdeverfahren befanden (ca. 2.787), Akten über erteilte Patente, von denen noch keine gedruckten Patentschriften vorlagen (ca. 150.000), eine Sammlung der deutschen Patentschriften (ca. 14.000 Bände), Teile der Büchereibestände über wichtige technische Probleme, sämtliche Dissertationen sowie ein Teil der Verwaltungsakten beschlagnahmt und teilweise weggeführt. Als nicht wichtig sah man offenbar die noch nicht bearbeiteten ca. 150.000 Patentanmeldungen an, da von diesen nur Durchschläge vorzufinden waren; die Originale waren in Striegau verbrannt. Die nicht von der UdSSR beschlagnahmten Unterlagen blieben in der Dienststelle Berlin, darunter auch Verwaltungsakten über Rechtssachen, das Patentanwaltswesen, Haushalts- und Kassensachen, und wurden später der Außenstelle Berlin des Deutschen Patentamts übergeben. Nicht mehr im laufenden Geschäftsbetrieb benötigte Unterlagen hatte das Reichspatentamt bereits ans Reichsarchiv auf dem Brauhausberg in Potsdam abgegeben. Dieser Schriftgutbestand wurde im April 1945 zerstört, als das Reichsarchiv nach Bombenabwürfen brannte. Nach dem Einmarsch der Westalliierten in Berlin fand sich die dortige Dienststelle des Reichspatentamts im US-amerikanisch besetzten Sektor der Stadt wieder. Von deren noch vorhandenen, unzerstört gebliebenen Unterlagen, darunter vor allem von den Patentanmeldungen, fertigte die amerikanische "Organization Field Information Agency Technical" (FIAT) Mikrofilme, die in die USA gebracht wurden. Das "British Intelligence Objective Sub-Committee" (BIOS) erstellte Auszüge aus den Patentakten, die in 22 Bänden zusammengefasst der Öffentlichkeit zugänglich gemacht wurden. Im Schacht Heringen hatten SD-Angehörige vor der Besetzung durch US-amerikanische Truppen wichtige Patente und Geheimakten (zu 95 Prozent) sowie Personalakten vernichtet. Ein großer Teil der dort verbliebenen Unterlagen, darunter ein Teil noch nicht bearbeiteter geheimer Anmeldungen und die geheime Patentrolle, wie auch der in Lichtenfels und in Bayerisch-Eisenstein sichergestellten Akten, wurde in die USA abtransportiert, unter anderem in das Aktendepot der US Army in Alexandria bei Washington. Das Patentamt erhielt im Juli 1945 die Erlaubnis, seine Tätigkeit wieder aufzunehmen. Als Amt für Bodenforschung wurde es mit Unterstützung der Regierung in Kassel an das Geologische Institut der Universität Marburg verlegt. Seine Akten lagerte man in der Grube Beilstein bei Oberscheld ein. Im Januar 1946 erfolgte die Abtrennung der für die Arbeit im großhessischen Raum benötigten von den die sowjetisch besetzten Gebiete betreffenden Unterlagen. Derart gelangte nach Beilstein das für die Provinzen Schleswig-Holstein, Hannover, Oldenburg, Braunschweig, Westfalen, das Rheinland und Süddeutschland relevante Material. Dem 1949 in München neu eröffneten Deutschen Patentamt übergaben die USA die Bibliothek des Reichspatentamts im Umfang von ca. 350.000 Bänden sowie Fotokopien beschlagnahmter Akten. Das in die USA verbrachte Schriftgut des Reichspatentamts wurde in den 1950er und 60er Jahren in die Bundesrepublik Deutschland zurückgeführt. Größtenteils gelangte das Schriftgut direkt ins Deutsche Patentamt nach München, darunter auch vor der Zerstörung im Schacht Heringen gerettete Personalakten. Die ehemalige Außenstelle des Reichspatentamts in Berlin nahm zu Anfang der 1950er Jahre ihre Arbeit offiziell wieder auf. Diese Treuhandstelle Reichspatentamt - Informationsamt für gewerbliche Schutzrechte wurde 1968 als Dienststelle Berlin in das Deutsche Patentamt übernommen. Die in Alexandria zur Record Group 1016 gehörigen Akten des Reichspatentamts (112 Kartons) wurden 1959 an das Bundesarchiv zurückgegeben, das sie im selben Jahr nach München abgab. Zu den von der Sowjetunion zurückbehaltenen Teilen der Überlieferung des Reichspatentamts gehören 132 Akten, die in den 1960er Jahren von der Geheimen Abteilung des Ministeriums für Landwirtschaft der UdSSR in das sog. "Sonderarchiv" überführt wurden. Diese ausschließlich das Fachgebiet Landwirtschaft betreffenden Akten erstrecken sich über die Laufzeit 1935-1942 und sind in einem russischsprachigen Findbuch erschlossen. Sie befinden sich noch heute in dem zur Aufbewahrung von "Beuteakten" bestimmten Archiv, das heute dem Russländischen Zentralen Staatlichen Militärarchiv untersteht (siehe www.sonderarchiv.de). Generalakten Die Generalakten des Reichspatentamts wurden von den Westalliierten direkt in das Deutsche Patentamt überführt. 1972 gab sie die Dienststelle Berlin des Patentamts an das Bundesarchiv ab (Zugang Nr. I 77/72). Patentanmeldungsakten Bis zum Kriegsende konnten nicht mehr alle Anmeldungen beim Reichspatentamt bearbeitet werden. Die Patentakten aus den Fällen, in denen wegen der Kriegsereignisse in den Jahren 1944-1945 kein Patent mehr erteilt werden konnte und die nicht bekannt gegeben worden waren, wurden zwischen 1945 und 1947 zusammen mit anderen Unterlagen technischer und wissenschaftlicher Art von zunächst militärischen, dann zivilen "Investigating Teams" der Briten und US-Amerikaner beschlagnahmt. Entscheidend für die Auswahl des Materials war das Interesse der britischen und US-amerikanischen Industrie an Fertigungsverfahren der deutschen Kriegswirtschaft. Fachleute beider Seiten arbeiteten anhand der Akten Forschungsberichte, sog. "Reports", über einzelne Firmen oder Produktionssparten sowie kurze Inhaltsbeschreibungen, sog. "Summaries", aus und machten diese der Öffentlichkeit zugänglich. Großbritannien veröffentlichte die "British Intelligence Objectives Sub-Committee Overall Reports" (BIOS) und die USA die "Field Information Agency Technical US Group, Control Council for Germany"-Serie (FIAT). Daneben wurde noch gemeinsam die "Combined Intelligence Objectives Sub-Committee"-Serie (CIOS) herausgegeben. Die Veröffentlichungen erregten ihrerzeit öffentliches Aufsehen. Der sog. Harmsen-Report übte Kritik an der "Ausbeutung" deutscher Patente seitens der USA und Großbritanniens. Auf britischer Seite war zunächst die "German Division" der "Technical Information and Document Unit" (TIDU) beim "Ministry of Economic Warfare" für diese Aktion zuständig. 1946 wurde die TIDU dem "Board of Trade" unterstellt. 1951 kam diese Informations- und Dokumentationsstelle in den Geschäftsbereich des "Department of Scientific and Industrial Research" (DSIR). Bei der Auflösung der TIDU 1957 übertrug man die Verwahrung des deutschen Aktenmaterials der "Lending Library Unit" des DSIR. Infolge Raummangels wurde diese 1961/62 als "National Lending Library for Science and Technology" nach Boston Spa, Yorkshire, verlegt. Die Originale der von den Briten ausgewerteten deutschen Patentakten befinden sich noch heute in Boston Spa. Zu Anfang der 1950er Jahre erwarb das Deutsche Patentamt in München Mikrofilme dieses Aktenbestands. Diese 1.000 Mikrofilmrollen kopierte das Bundesarchiv in den Jahren von 1969 bis 1974 auf Sicherheitsfilm um. Diese Filmduplikate bilden einen eigenen Teilbestand innerhalb von R 131. Sieben einzelne Patentakten gab das Deutsche Patentamt in München 1972 an das Bundesarchiv ab. Im Jahr 1975 wurden 243 sogenannte "Erteilungsakten" des Reichspatentamts mit der Genehmigung des Bundesarchivs in der Dienststelle Berlin des Deutschen Patentamts kassiert. Mehrere Kartons mit Patentanmeldungsunterlagen gelangten nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg in die DDR, vermutlich in das Zentrale Staatsarchiv der DDR (ZStA) in Potsdam, wo sie zunächst wohl nicht weiter bearbeitet, d.h. auch nicht erschlossen wurden. In Ermangelung entsprechender Dokumentation lässt sich der Zeitpunkt, zu dem diese Unterlagen nach Deutschland kamen, nicht näher bestimmen. Russischsprachige Vermerke auf einzelnen Dokumenten lassen immerhin darauf schließen, dass diese Unterlagen 1945 von den sowjetischen Besatzungstruppen beschlagnahmt und von Fachleuten gesichtet, vermutlich auch ausgewertet wurden. Ob sie im Zuge der sowjetischen Aktenrückgaben in den 1950er Jahren oder zu einem anderen Zeitpunkt nach Deutschland zurückkehrten, ließ sich bisher leider genauso wenig feststellen. Nach der Integration der zentralen Archive der DDR ins Bundesarchiv 1990 wurden diese Unterlagen jedenfalls in die neue Außenstelle des Archivs in Hoppegarten umgelagert. Dort blieben sie bis 2010, als das Archiv Aufräumarbeiten durchführte, weitgehend unbeachtet. Vergeltungsakten Eine wenig umfangreiche Überlieferung an Vergeltungsakten (ca. 420 AE) gelangte im April 1973 durch eine Abgabe (Zugang I 26/73) der Dienststelle Berlin des Deutschen Patentamts ins Bundesarchiv. Personalakten Das Deutsche Patentamt gab im Jahr 1980 aus seiner Dienststelle in München Personalakten von Beamten des Reichspatentamts ab, die nach dem Krieg noch weiterbeschäftigt worden waren. Die in München gelagerten Akten waren infolge eines Brandschadens bei der zu Kriegsende erfolgten Auslagerung, von wenigen Ausnahmen abgesehen, zu großen Teilen angesengt bzw. vollständig verbrannt. Die Dienststelle München gab im selben Jahr 1980 ferner "Personalakten verschiedener Behörden und Gerichte über Personen, deren Zugehörigkeit zum ehemaligen Kaiserlichen Patentamt/Reichspatentamt nicht festgestellt werden konnte", ab. Aus seiner Dienststelle in Berlin gab das Deutsche Patentamt 1980 in dreizehn Kartons 859 Personalakten von Angehörigen des Kaiserlichen bzw. des Reichspatentamts ab. Das Bundesministerium der Justiz (BMJ) als vorgesetzte Dienststelle des Bundespatentamts reichte 1980 im Nachgang eine weitere Archivalieneinheit nach (R 131/2720). Aus den für archivwürdig befundenen Akten wurde im Bundesarchiv der Teilbestand "R 131 - Personalakten" gebildet (Signaturen: R 131/1698-2720). 1981 gab das BMJ weitere 29 Personalakten des Reichspatentamts ab, die dem Bestand beigefügt wurden (R 131/2730-2758). 1995 wurden dem Bundesarchiv vom Deutschen Patentamt, München, 94 Personalakten jüdischer Patentanwälte übergeben (R 131/2760-2853). Im März 2004 gab das Bundespatentamt sechs Kartons mit 325 Personalakten von Patentanwälten an das Bundesarchiv ab. Im April desselben Jahres folgten weitere 194 Akten, im Juli drei weitere Kartons. Spätere Nachlieferungen sind nicht im Einzelnen dokumentiert, auch fehlen weitere Abgabeverzeichnisse oder namentliche Auflistungen. Insgesamt handelt es sich um ca. 19 lfm (38 große Umzugskartons). Aus dem Bestand 30.12 (Reichsjustizprüfungsamt) des Zentralen Staatsarchivs der DDR in Potsdam wurden 0,57 lfm (3 Archivkartons) mit Fragmenten von Personalakten in den Bestand übernommen (Altsignaturen: 30.12/2296-2895). Diese Unterlagen sind noch unbearbeitet wie auch weitere 0,14 lfm (ein Archivkarton) an Fragmenten von Personalunterlagen unbekannter Herkunft. Archivische Bewertung und Bearbeitung Das Schriftgut des Reichspatentamts bildet im Bundesarchiv den Bestand R 131. Für die unterschiedlichen Überlieferungsteile wurden in den 1980er Jahren zunächst jeweils eigenständige Findmittel angefertigt: R 131 - Generalakten R 131 - Vergeltungsakten R 131 - Patentanmeldungsakten R 131 - Personalakten In späteren Jahren kamen weitere Personal- und Patentanmeldungsakten hinzu. Organisationsunterlagen und Aktenpläne des Reichspatentamts sind nicht vorhanden. Lediglich ein Aktenplan von 1935/36 (vgl. R 131/446) konnte ermittelt werden, der in Anlehnung an den Generalaktenplan des Reichsjustizministeriums nach Haupt- und Untergruppen gegliedert, allem Anschein nach aber nie in Kraft getreten ist. Das Fehlen von Aktenplänen bzw. von entsprechend aufschlussreichen sonstigen Nachweisen über die Registraturführung im Reichspatentamt einerseits und das Vorhandensein zahlreicher Akten ohne Aktenzeichen andererseits lassen definitive Aussagen über die Schriftgutverwaltung der Behörde und eine durchweg induktive Klassifikation nicht zu. Generalakten Die Aktenverwaltung oblag den einzelnen Registraturen des Reichspatentamts. Vermutlich führten diese - nach dem Muster der Justiz - jeweils Generalaktenregister, in welche die dort gebildeten Generalakten eingetragen und anhand derer neue Aktenzeichen für neu anfallende Akten vergeben wurden. Es ist auch zu vermuten, dass in einer der Registraturen oder Organisationseinheiten des Hauses ein "vollständiges" Generalaktenregister geführt worden ist. Die Vergabe von Aktenzeichen erfolgte offenbar nach Aufgabenbereichen, gekennzeichnet durch römische Ziffern, so z.B. "gen. I" für Patentsachen. Auf der Aktenstufe vergab man arabische Ziffern, so z.B. "gen. I, 1". In einigen Fällen erfolgte eine weitere Untergliederung des Aktenstoffs durch Anfügen von Kleinbuchstaben an die Grundnummer, so z.B. "gen. III, 4 - Zeichen" "gen. III, 4 a - Freizeichen" "gen. III, 4 b - Wortzeichen" "gen. III, 4 c - Wappen". Zahlreichen Generalakten sind Rotuli vorgeheftet, in denen die Schriftstücke vorgangsweise nachgewiesen sind. Nach klassischem Muster wurden im Reichspatentamt zu den Generalakten auch abgeleitete Akten in Form von Specialia und Adhibenda angelegt: Die Kennzeichnung erfolgte durch die bekannten Abkürzungen "spec." und "adh.". Die Gliederung des Aktenstoffes in diese Aktenkategorien scheint dem Wortsinn nach fast durchweg logisch durchgeführt worden zu sein. Eine erste Bearbeitung der Generalakten nahmen in den Jahren 1984-1985 Dorothe Günthner und Johannes Ganser vor. Bei der Verzeichnung der Akten wurden nicht nur sämtliche Aktenzeichen aufgenommen worden, sondern auch auf den Aktendeckeln angebrachte Hinweise auf verwandte Aktenzeichen, allerdings nur insoweit, als letztere im Bundesarchiv überliefert sind. Der Umstand, dass die Überlieferung des Schriftguts des Reichspatentamts, darunter auch jenes der Generalakten, nur unvollständig in das Bundesarchiv gelangt ist; ist an der Klassifikation deutlich sichtbar. Die Klassifikation des Bestands konnte nach der vom Reichspatentamt vorgenommenen Gruppierung der Akten nach Aufgabenbereichen (römische Ziffern) und Aktennummern (arabische Ziffern) in aufsteigender Zahlenfolge vorgenommen werden, ausgenommen die ohne Aktenzeichen überlieferten Akten zu den Patentanwälten, die als Gruppe VI angefügt wurden. Die Gesamtklassifikation stellt sich folgendermaßen dar: I Patente II Geschmacks- und Gebrauchsmuster III Warenzeichen IV Angelegenheiten von Hauptbüro/Präsidialabteilung V Gewerblicher Rechtsschutz im Ausland VI Patentanwälte. Die Klassifizierung der Gruppen I-III und V gestaltete sich dank vorgegebener Aktenzeichen bei der Mehrzahl der Akten nach diesem Raster problemlos. Die ohne Aktenzeichen vorliegenden Akten in den Gruppen I-III konnten relativ leicht nach sachlichem Zusammenhang zugeordnet werden. Eine tiefer gestufte Klassifikation erschien nicht erforderlich. In den Gruppen I-III waren die Akten-Nummern ursprünglich wohl so vergeben worden, dass sie den jeweiligen Paragrafen der Patent-, Muster- und Warenzeichengesetze entsprachen. Für diejenigen Akten, die nicht in unmittelbarem Bezug zu Gesetzesparagrafen standen, sind die Aktenzeichen offenbar in fortlaufender nummerischer Abfolge vergeben worden. Die Gruppe IV hebt sich gegenüber den übrigen Gruppen insofern ab, als es sich um den schriftlichen Niederschlag übergreifender Tätigkeiten des Hauptbüros bzw. der Präsidialabteilung handelt: Regelungen zur Handhabung der Bestimmungen des Patent-, Gebrauchs- und Geschmacksmuster- sowie des Warenzeichenrechts einerseits sowie Regelungen des Dienstbetriebs, Geschäftsgangs, Postverkehrs andererseits. Hier ist - auf Grund der unvollständigen Überlieferung der Akten - eine Aktenordnung ähnlich jener der Gruppen I-III nicht erkennbar. Wegen der lückenhaften Überlieferung des Bestands einerseits und fehlender Aktenzeichen andererseits - meist sind nur Spezialia oder Adhibenda vorhanden, während die Generalia fehlen -, wurde bei der Klassifikation zwar die Abfolge der Aktenzeichen beibehalten, aber im Unterschied zu den Gruppen I-III und V eine archivische Klassifikation durchgeführt, die eine feiner gestufte Gliederung notwendig machte. Die Akten der Gruppe V sind vom Reichspatentamt nach einem Länderalfabet angelegt, die Aktenzeichen auch hier in aufsteigender Zahlenfolge vergeben worden. Die Reihung der Akten nach Aktenzeichen wurde bei der Klassifikation lediglich dadurch unterbrochen, dass die Akten betreffend internationale Zusammenschlüsse, Abkommen und Kongresse, die mitten in der Länderserie angesiedelt worden waren, dort herausgenommen und an den Schluss der Aktengruppe gestellt wurden. Angesichts im Laufe der Jahrzehnte geänderter Bezeichnungen einzelner Staatsgebiete (vgl. z.B. Schutzgebiete) ist zur Erleichterung der Benutzung ein geografischer Index gefertigt worden. Die ohne Aktenzeichen überlieferten Akten der Gruppe VI wurden nach Sachkomplexen klassifiziert. Kassiert wurden im Jahr 1995 die in den Generalakten enthaltenen und Auszüge aus Gesetzes- und Veröffentlichungsblättern sowie bedeutungsloser Schriftwechsel - z.B. über die Verlegung von Sitzungen des Reichspatentamts. Das von Dorothe Günthner und Johannes Ganser erarbeitete Findbuch wurde von Frau Schuster geschrieben. Diese Erschließungsdaten wurden nach 2005 retrokonvertiert und können nunmehr im Datenbanksystem des Bundesarchivs (BASYS) über das Recherchesystem INVENIO abgerufen werden. Vergeltungsakten Dorothe Günthner und Johannes Ganser bearbeiteten im April 1984 den ersten Teil der Überlieferung. Von den ursprünglich 376 Bänden (ca. 1,5 Gefach) des ersten Überlieferungsteils wurden 75 Bände als archivwürdig bewertet (R 131/10001-10076). Kassiert wurden insbesondere diejenigen Akten, die aus rein formalen Gründen abgelehnte Anträge nach der Verordnung über die Behandlung feindlichen Vermögens vom 15. Januar 1940 (RGBl I S.191) zum Gegenstand haben. Bei Aktengruppen, welche die Bearbeitung von Anträgen einer bestimmten Firma auf die Nutzung von mehreren Patentrechten dokumentieren, die eine andere Firma innehatte, wurde, da ursprünglich für jedes Patent ein einzelner Band angelegt worden war, jeweils nur ein Beispielband aufgehoben. Im 1984 entstandenen Findbuch erschlossen wurden der Name des Antragstellers, des Schutzrechtinhabers, die Laufzeit sowie die alten Vergeltungsaktenzeichen. Auf die Nennung der einzelnen Schutzrechtinhalte wurde verzichtet, da sie hinter dem Aspekt der kriegswirtschaftlichen Maßnahmen des Deutschen Reiches in heutiger Bewertung zurück stehen. Die vorgegebene Gliederung in Akten über erteilte und nicht erteilte Ausübungsrechte wurde beibehalten. Diese beiden Gruppen waren wiederum unterteilt in Patente, Gebrauchsmuster, Warenzeichen, Urheberrechte und Patente in einzelnen eingegliederten Gebieten. In der zweiten Jahreshälfte 2008 wurde der Bestand einer Revision unterzogen, da Unstimmigkeiten im Signaturensystem aufgetaucht waren. 270 Archivalieneinheiten, die bei Bestandsbereinigungen aufgefunden worden waren, wurden neu verzeichnet (R 131/10077-10346). Der gesamte Überlieferungsteil "Vergeltungsakten", der nun insgesamt 345 AE umfasst, wurde eingemappt und vollständig neu signiert. Kassationen wurden nicht vorgenommen. Die Erschließung folgte den Vorgaben des Findbuchs von 1984. Erfasst wurden entsprechend die Namen der Antragsteller, der Schutzrechtinhaber, die Laufzeiten sowie die Aktenzeichen der Vergeltungspatente. Die Verzeichnungsdaten zum ersten Überlieferungsteil wurden per Retrokonversion in die Datenbank des Bundesarchivs (BASYS) übertragen. Bei der Integration der neu hinzugekommenen Unterlagen konnte das bereits vorgegebene Klassifikationsschema beibehalten werden. Das nun vorliegende, von Karl-Heinz Eggert und Sabine Dumschat bearbeitete Findbuch ist auch online recherchierbar. Patentanmeldungsakten Patent- und Gebrauchsmusteranmeldungen wurden im Reichspatentamt bestimmten Klassen zugeordnet. Zu diesem Zweck bestand dort eine nach gewerblichen und industriellen Spezialfachgebieten gegliederte Patentklasseneinteilung. Sie diente als Grundlage für die Bearbeitung der Anmeldungen. Der wichtigste Grundsatz für die Bestimmung der Klassenzugehörigkeit einer Anmeldung war deren Zuweisung in dasjenige Spezialfachgebiet, in dem die Erfindung lag. Zur Feststellung der Erfindung musste der Prüfer alle eingereichten Unterlagen, d.h. Beschreibung, Zeichnung, Ansprüche, heranziehen. Falls mehrere Spezialgebiete vorlagen, fiel die Entscheidung auf die am wichtigsten erscheinende Klasse. Zu den Mikrofilmen jener Akten, die sich bis heute in britischem Gewahrsam, in der "National Lending Library for Science and Technology" in Boston Spa befinden, erstellte 1984 Johannes Ganser ein Findbuch, das im Benutzersaal des Bundesarchivs für Recherchen zur Verfügung steht. Die Grundlage der Gliederung des Teilbestands bildet die beim Reichspatentamt praktizierte Patentklasseneinteilung. Diese war für die Briten bei der Verfilmung der Akten indes nicht der entscheidende Klassifikationsmaßstab. Anmeldungen zu einer bestimmten Klasse können somit auf mehreren Filmen zu finden sein; auf jedem Film sind vice versa Unterlagen zu mehreren Patentklassen zu erwarten. Bei der Benutzung der Filme ist demnach zunächst von dem in Frage kommenden Spezialfachgebiet gemäß der Patentklasseneinteilung auszugehen. Auf welchen Filmrollen zum entsprechenden Fachgebiet Unterlagen vorhanden sind, ist der 1. Konkordanz im Findbuch zu entnehmen. Die 2. Konkordanz stellt die Verknüpfung zwischen den Rollensignaturen und den Filmsignaturen her. Die über das Zentrale Staatsarchiv der DDR überlieferten Einzelfall-Unterlagen wurden im Zeitraum 2011-2012 bearbeitet. Sie befanden sich zunächst in einem ungeordneten, um nicht zu sagen: chaotischen Zustand. Es ist davon auszugehen, dass der Kontext einstmals organisch gewachsener Einzelvorgänge empfindlich gestört ist. Begleitende Dokumentation irgendwelcher Art konnte nicht ermittelt werden. Die Unterlagen waren stoßweise in Papier eingeschlagen und mit Paketband verknotet. Diese Bündel wurden geöffnet, die Unterlagen vollständig durchsortiert. Da kein Überlieferungskontext, geschweige denn ein System der Aktenbildung zu erkennen war, wurde versucht, vermittels alfabetischer Sortierung nach Patent-Anmeldern Abhilfe zu schaffen. Anschließend wurden 314 Archivalieneinheiten gebildet, neu eingemappt und signiert (R 131/10347-10670). Doppelstücke wurden vernichtet, darüber hinaus jedoch keine Kassationen vorgenommen. Eine Akte (R 131/10502) wurde an das Bergbauarchiv im Deutschen Bergbau-Museum, Bochum, abgegeben. Ein "Nachtrag zur Nummernliste" für das Jahr 1933 ist nunmehr in der Dienstbibliothek des Bundesarchivs zugänglich (Signatur: ZB 24128). Sowohl die Klassifikation des Bestands als auch die Erschließungsparameter orientieren sich an dem Muster, welches das Findbuch für die Vergeltungsakten aus dem Jahr 1984 vorgegeben hat. Unterschieden wurden die Anmeldung von Patenten und Gebrauchsmustern, ungültige Patente und Hilfsmittel in Form von Unterlagen, welche die Zulassungen ausländischer Patentämter dokumentieren. Unterschieden wurde nach Anmeldern, die im Deutschen Reich ansässig waren, und solchen, die vom Ausland aus ihre Ansprüche geltend zu machen versuchten. Bei letzteren handelt es sich unter anderem um Dependancen deutscher Konzerne im Ausland. Im Einzelnen erfasst wurden bei der Erschließung jeweils: Namen der anmeldenden Firmen oder privaten Antragsteller bzw. der Patentinhaber, schlagwortartig der Patentanspruch, d.h. der Gegenstand des Patents respektive das zu schützende Verfahren, das Aktenzeichen des Reichspatentamts, gegebenenfalls auch die zugeteilte Patentnummer sowie die Laufzeiten der Akten. Das nun vorliegende, von Karl-Heinz Eggert und Sabine Dumschat bearbeitete Findbuch ist auch online recherchierbar. Personalakten Von den vom Deutschen Patentamt 1980 aus seiner Dienststelle in München abgegebenen Personalakten von Beamten des Reichspatentamts, die nach dem Krieg noch weiterbeschäftigt worden waren, wurden nur zwei als archivwürdig angesehen. Der Rest wurde kassiert. Die in den Bestand R 131 integrierten Akten sind vorläufig personenbezogen erschlossen (sog. "Anlage 2"). Bei allen im selben Jahr 1980 abgegebenen "Personalakten verschiedener Behörden und Gerichte über Personen, deren Zugehörigkeit zum ehemaligen Kaiserlichen Patentamt/Reichspatentamt nicht festgestellt werden konnte", handelte es sich bei näherer Prüfung um Vorakten des Reichspatentamts. Die Mehrzahl der Akten wurde für kassabel befunden (untergeordnetes Büropersonal). Lediglich 14 Akten wurden in den Bestand übernommen: R 131/1737, 1754, 1787, 1804, 1942-1943, 1996, 2609, 2000, 2000 a, 2000 b und 2721-2723. Sie sind in einem Vorläufigen Verzeichnis personenbezogen erfasst (sog. "Anlage 3"). Mit den aus seiner Dienststelle in Berlin 1980 in 13 Kartons übergebenen 859 Personalakten von Angehörigen des Kaiserlichen bzw. des Reichspatentamts lieferte das Deutsche Patentamt ebenfalls ein Vorläufiges Verzeichnis mit namentlicher Auflistung (sog. "Anlage 4") ab. Abgesehen von den Akten R 131/2724, 2725 und 2726 waren diese Unterlagen stark zerstört und kassabel. Zu den "bei der Dienststelle Berlin des Deutschen Patentamts befindlichen Personalakten oder Personalaktenteile[n] über Angehörige des ehemaligen Kaiserlichen Patentamts und des Reichspatentamts" existiert allerdings noch eine zweite, leider undatierte, namentliche Aufstellung mit 875 Einzelpositionen, die sich mit der oben genannten nicht deckt. Eine eindeutige Klärung kann erst die Erschließung aller noch nicht in BASYS erfassten archivwürdigen Personalakten ergeben. Aus den nach der Bewertung verbliebenen Akten wurde im Bundesarchiv der Teilbestand "R 131 - Personalakten" gebildet (Signaturen: R 131/1698-2720). 1981 kamen die vom Bundesministerium der Justiz abgelieferten 29 Personalakten des Reichspatentamts hinzu, zu denen gleichfalls ein Vorläufiges Verzeichnis vorhanden ist (R 131/2730-2758). Eine namentliche Auflistung existiert ebenso zu den 1995 vom Deutschen Patentamt abgegebenen 94 Personalakten jüdischer Patentanwälte (R 131/2760-2853). Von den im Jahre 2004 vom Deutschen Patentamt abgegebenen Personalakten, v.a. von Patentanwälten, liegen bisher lediglich zu 519 namentliche Auflistungen vor. Eine Bewertung der 38 große Umzugskartons umfassenden Ablieferungen steht noch aus. Ebenso müssen die aus dem Bestand 30.12 (Reichsjustizprüfungsamt) des Zentralen Staatsarchivs der DDR in Potsdam aussortierten Fragmente von Personalakten sowie die weiteren 0,14 lfm (ein Archivkarton) Personalunterlagen unbekannter Herkunft noch bearbeitet werden. Inhaltliche Charakterisierung: Inhaltliche Charakterisierung Generalakten Der Generalaktenbestand gibt einen Einblick in die Tätigkeit des Reichspatentamts, der von erheblichem Wert für die Geschichte der Technik und die Entwicklung des Rechtswesens, insbesondere des gewerblichen Rechtsschutzes in Deutschland, sein dürfte. Hervorhebenswert sind die umfangreiche Sammlung von Gesetzen und Verordnungen zum gewerblichen Rechtsschutz im Ausland sowie die Akten aus der Mitarbeit des Reichspatentamts in der Internationalen Union zum Schutz des gewerblichen Eigentums. Diese Mitarbeit hatte auch das Ziel, die internationalen Abkommen mit den deutschen Gesetzen auf diesem Gebiet zu koordinieren. Nach 1945 hatte das Reichspatentamt noch partiell weiter gearbeitet, was die Fortführung einiger Akten bis 1951 erklärt. Überlieferung: (1877-1918) 1919-1945 (1946-1951) (1.171 AE): Patente 1877-1949 (187), Gebrauchs- und Geschmacksmuster 1877-1945 (24), Warenzei‧chen 1894-1945 (65), Patentklasseneinteilung 1882-1944 (9), Abteilungsmitgliedersitzungen und -entscheidungen 1877-1945 (30), Post- und Fernmeldewesen, Auslegestellen 1879-1946 (28), Annahme und Anmeldung 1877-1945 (21), Veröffentlichungen 1878-1949 (47), Zivilgerichtsbarkeit und Rechtsauskünfte 1879-1944 (13), Dienstbetrieb, Aktenführung und Präsidialverfügungen 1877-1948 (76), kriegsbedingte Maßnahmen auf dem Gebiet des ge‧werblichen Rechtsschutzes 1914-1948 (49), Zusammenarbeit mit Ingenieur- und Erfinder‧verbänden 1911-1951 (11), gewerblicher Rechtsschutz im Ausland 1878-1944 (13), ein‧zel‧ne Länder 1877-1944 (425), internationale Zusammenschlüsse, Abkommen und Kongresse 1878-1944 (57), Patentanwaltsgesetz, Patentanwaltskammer 1933-1949 (5), Eintragung und Löschung als Patentanwalt 1900-1948 (34), Ausbildung und Prüfung, Berufsausübung und Ehrengerichtsbarkeit 1900-1950 (41), Patentanwaltswesen im Ausland 1894-1949 (36) Findmittel: Findbuch (1984) und BASYS/INVENIO-Recherche Vergeltungsakten Die 1973 ins Bundesarchiv gelangten Akten dokumentieren die Behandlung von Anträgen einzelner Firmen auf die Erteilung von Ausübungsrechten gemäß der Verordnung über gewerbliche Schutzrechte britischer Staatsangehöriger vom 26. Februar 1940 (RGBl I S. 424), der Verordnung über Urheberrechte britischer Staatsangehöriger vom 1. Juli 1940 (RGBl I S. 947) sowie der Verordnung über gewerbliche Schutzrechte und Urheberrechte von Angehörigen der Vereinigten Staaten von Amerika vom 22. Dezember 1942 (RGBl I S. 737). Die für archivwürdig befundenen Vergeltungsakten besitzen somit einen gewissen Aussagewert über das Verhältnis Deutschlands zu den USA und Großbritannien, wenn auch beschränkt auf den gewerblichen Rechtsschutz während des Zweiten Weltkriegs. Darüber hinaus ist zu erkennen, auf welchen Gebieten Erfindungen als kriegswichtig und als zur Wahrung allgemeiner Belange notwendig angesehen wurden. Die in den Jahren 2008-2010 nacherschlossenen Unterlagen behandeln vor allem deutsche Reichspatente, die Urheberrechte für künstlerische Werke, deutsche Warenzeichen und österreichische Marken. Überlieferung: 1940-1945 (345 AE): Erteilte Ausübungsrechte: deutsche Reichspatente 1940-1945 (4), Patentanmeldungen 1941 (1), österreichische Patente 1940-1944 (1), Patente Protektorat Böhmen und Mähren 1940-1945 (2), deutsche Gebrauchsmuster 1940-1941 (1), deutsche Warenzeichen 1940-1942 (2), Warenzeichen Protektorat Böhmen und Mähren 1941-1942 (1), Urheberrechte für künstlerische Werke 1941-1945 (7); nicht erteilte Ausübungsrechte: deutsche Reichspatente 1940-1945 (175), Patentanmeldungen 1940-1944 (14), deutsche Gebrauchsmuster 1940-1941 (1), deutsche Warenzeichen 1940-1945 (44), österreichische Marken 1940-1945 (19), Urheberrechte für künstlerische Werke 1940-1945 (73) Findmittel: Online-Findbuch Patentanmeldungen a) Auf den Mikrofilmen jener Unterlagen, deren Originale sich bis heute in der "National Lending Library for Science and Technology" in Boston Spa befinden, sind aneinander gereiht einzelne Patentanmeldungen mit den dazugehörigen Erläuterungen zu finden. Sie erstrecken sich über den Zeitraum 1941-1945. Bearbeitungsvermerke oder Schreiben des Reichspatentamts sind selten vorhanden. Lediglich Hinweise auf Druckschriften, die zur Abgrenzung des Anmeldungsgegenstands in Betracht gezogen wurden, tauchen hin und wieder auf. Diese Unterlagen stammen aus Verfahren, die wegen des Kriegsgeschehens nicht zu Ende geführt werden konnten, zu denen keine Patente mehr erteilt wurden. Dennoch geben sie einen Einblick in die Anstrengungen und Errungenschaften deutscher Erfinder und Unternehmen in der Spätphase des Zweiten Weltkriegs. Man erkennt teilweise, welche gewerblichen und industriellen Zweige infolge der kriegsbedingten Probleme zurückgestellt werden mussten. Der technikgeschichtliche Wert der Unterlagen dürfte nicht unerheblich sein. Überlieferung: Patentanmeldeakten 1941-1945 (999 Mikrofilme) Findmittel: Findbuch (1984) b) Die über das Zentrale Staatsarchiv der DDR überlieferten Unterlagen beziehen sich vornehmlich auf Erfindungen, die mit dem Wirtschaftsbereich des Bergbaus zu tun haben. Es handelt sich um in ihrer Struktur gleichförmige Einzelfall-Vorgänge, denen in der Regel allerdings die Anlagen abhanden gekommen sind, die zur Erteilung von Patenten herangezogen werden mussten. Ein Teil dieser Anlagen sind vermutlich die als "Hilfsmittel" verzeichneten fremdsprachigen Unterlagen. Da die registraturmäßige Ordnung dieses Überlieferungsteils vollkommen zerstört vorgefunden wurde und die verbliebenen Unterlagen zu wenige Geschäftsgangsvermerke tragen, war eine Rekonstruktion der ursprünglichen Vorgänge leider nicht möglich. Überlieferung: (1877-1918) 1919-1945 (314 AE): Patentanmeldungen (249): Deutsches Reich 1878-1945 (211), Großbritannien 1883-1942 (6), Belgien 1905-1944 (2), Frankreich 1881-1937 (4), Niederlande 1915-1939 (2), Österreich 1897-1945 (2), Ungarn 1902-1945 (4), USA 1880-1939 (8), andere Länder 1888-1942 (10); Gebrauchsmuster (12): Deutsches Reich 1913-1939 (11), Ausland 1927-1936 (1); ungültige Patente (7): Deutsches Reich 1877-1941 (4), Ausland: Frankreich 1905-1927 (2), andere Länder 1905-1929 (1); Hilfsmittel (46): Großbritannien 1877-1937 (12), Frankreich 1907-1937 (11), USA 1875-1938 (20), andere Länder 1894-1939 (3) Findmittel: Online-Findbuch Personalakten Der Teilbestand umfasst Personalakten von Mitarbeitern des Reichspatentamts sowie von Patentanwälten. Zu letzteren zählen 84 jüdische Anwälte, denen man ihrer Abstammung wegen die Zulassung entzog und die entsprechend 1933 bzw. 1938 aus der im Patentamt geführten Anwaltsliste gelöscht wurden. Überlieferung: (1877-1918) 1919-1945 (1.155 AE), 19,71 lfm unbearbeitet Umfang: Gesamt: ca. 100 lfm und 999 Mikrofilme Generalakten: 44,9 lfm - 1.171 AE (R 131/1-1205) Vergeltungsakten: 3,7 lfm - 345 AE (R 131/10001-10346) Patentanmeldungen: 314 AE (R 131/10347-10670) und 999 Mikrofilmrollen (R 131/EC 3317-EC 4316) Personalakten: 28,11 lfm - 1.155 AE (R 131/1698-2853) 19,71 lfm unbearbeitet "Erteilungsakten": 0,14 lfm unbearbeitet Gesamtlaufzeit des Bestands: (1877-1918) 1919-1945 (1946-1951) Teilbestände: Generalakten: (1877-1918) 1919-1945 (1946-1951) Vergeltungsakten: 1940-1945 Patentanmeldungsakten: Filme 1941-1945 Akten (1877-1918) 1919-1945 Personalakten: (1877-1918) 1919-1945 Erschließungszustand (Überblick): Generalakten: Findbuch (1984) und BASYS/INVENIO-Recherche Patentanmeldungsakten: Findbuch (1984) zu den Filmen, Online-Findbuch zu den Akten Vergeltungsakten: Online-Findbuch Personalakten: Vorläufige Verzeichnisse Hinweis: Online-Findmittel liegen bisher nur zu den Vergeltungs- und den nicht verfilmten Patentanmeldungsakten vor. Erschließungszustand: Erschließungszustand (Überblick): Generalakten: Findbuch (1984) und BASYS/INVENIO-Recherche Patentanmeldungsakten: Findbuch (1984) zu den Filmen, Online-Findbuch zu den Akten Vergeltungsakten: Online-Findbuch Personalakten: Vorläufige Verzeichnisse Hinweis: Online-Findmittel liegen bisher nur zu den Vergeltungs- und den nicht verfilmten Patentanmeldungsakten vor. Zitierweise: BArch, R 131/...

Contains among other things: Circular for the approval of larger meetings by Prime Minister Göring, 30 Nov. 1936; proposals of the Afrikanische Frucht-Compagnie AG, Hamburg, for the establishment of a German overseas economic area using the example of bananas from Cameroon, 26 Nov. 1937; various reports of the Reichskommissar für Altmaterialverwertung, SA-Brigadeführer Ziegler: Implementation guidelines, cooperation of the NSDAP divisions, waste paper collection, introduction of waste material collection in Italy, 1937; invitation to a meeting on the Anhaltinische Kohlenwerke on 3 Nov. 1936; invitation to a meeting on the Anhaltinische Kohlenwerke on 3 Nov. 1936. June 1937; Activity of the Work Deployment Business Group: Reserve for the Work Deployment in Mining, Article "Principles and Results of Wage Policy" by Ministerial Director Mansfeld, Freimachung von Arbeitskräften der Zigarrenindustrie für die Landwirtschaft, Beseitigung der Kurzarbeit; Responsibility of the Fishing Industry Working Group; Submissions by the German Textile Materials Working Group concerning the Reich Exhibition of the German Textile and Garment Industry; Information from the Group for Foreign Trade Business on Carl Boschulte, Hamburg

Contains: air war air mines naval aviation assessment of aircraft types commercial war air raids on British naval forces air fleet 2 fly. Div. 10 (Battle report on attack on English naval forces in the North Sea on 26 Sept. 1939) Fly. Corps X Ice Situation Report (on combat activity over the North Sea) Attacks on Scapa Flow Auxiliary Ship Affairs Kü. Flie. Gr. 106 Case "Yellow" Questions of the creation of a German colonial empire in Central Africa Company "Sea Lion" (Planning) Cooperation Navy - Air Force Heavy Cruiser "Admiral Hipper" Air torpedo question Questions of retaliatory attacks Results of the deployment of the X. Fl. Korps zur bewaffneten Aufklärung am 29. und 30. Jan. 1940 Compilation of the successes of the Luftwaffe in the commercial war with sketches on armed reconnaissance on Feb. 3, 1940 Establishment and expansion of the air force units of the ObdM State and suitability of the Naval Air Force West Expected conversion process of the coastal air force units Summary of all available forces of the Luftwaffe for warfare against England Considerations on the question of the deployment of the K.Fl.Gr. 506 Large aircraft (sea) Coastal pilot group 606 Subordination of reconnaissance forces of the Kriegsmarine under ObdL Sonderunternehmen 8. Air force corps for the occupation of the Channel Islands Jersey and Alderney Expansion of aircraft bases in western France Air force combat forces in Norway Construction of seaworthy air base ships with centrifugal equipment, torpedo aircraft Draft of the Skl for an instruction of the commander (air force units for navy, their equipment and deployment) Reasons for the air force's leadership in the deployment of the air torpedo

The chamber was erected on 13.4.1863 for the area of the former district of Dortmund. The original district did not change its external borders until 1913. The district of Dortmund was divided into the city district of Dortmund (enlarged by incorporation) and the districts of Hörde and Dortmund. In 1913 the chamber district was extended to the district of Hamm (from 1930 the district of Unna). In 1917 the independent town of Hamm was added. With the territorial reform of the years 1926-1929 the offices Sodingen (today town Herne) and Annen (town Witten) left the chamber district. From 1.1.1930, the chamber district comprised the city districts of Dortmund, Castrop-Rauxel, Lünen and Hamm, the district of Unna as well as the city of Schwerte and the Westhofen office from the district of Iserlohn. This district was valid until 31.12.1974 with one exception: in 1944/45 Schwerte was briefly assigned to the district of the Iserlohn office at the Chamber of Hagen. Since the municipal reorganization in 1975, the chamber district comprises the city districts of Dortmund and Hamm as well as the district of Unna. Castrop-Rauxel retired, the municipalities Werne, Selm and the new districts of the cities Hamm and Schwerte were added. In 1935 the IHK Dortmund became the seat of the Chamber of Commerce for Westphalia and Lippe in the course of the development of the commercial economy. Although the Chamber of Commerce was theoretically assigned numerous tasks as a subdivision of the Reich Chamber of Commerce, the independence of the individual Chambers of Industry and Commerce and the Chambers of Crafts was de facto preserved. In 1937 the Chamber of Commerce for Westphalia and Lippe was subdivided into the departments IHKn, Chambers of Crafts, Industrial Department, Trade Department, District Compensation Office for Public Contracts, Honorary Courts of Commerce and Industry. Each of the departments had its own advisory boards. In the course of the war preparations and during the war, the Economic Chamber (and the Chambers of Commerce and Industry) were given tasks within the framework of management. In 1942, chambers of commerce were created analogous to the party organization of the NSDAP. The IHKs finally lost their self-administration tasks. Dortmund became the seat of the Gauwirtschaftskammer Westfalen-Süd [Westphalia South Chamber of Commerce] [for the government district of Arnsberg]. In addition to the chambers of industry and commerce, the regional trade associations were also included. Due to the effects of the war, the organisational structure of the Gauwirtschaftskammer remained a torso. 190 m The collection is divided into several layers, which were created by changes in the registry. There are losses in the older strata. Before 1914 there were already large gaps, and contemporary cassations could be found in the so-called war economy registry. The tradition of the file layer 1918-1930 is largely complete. From the file layer from 1931 to 1945 whole groups of files were destroyed in bomb attacks, furthermore unknown quantities of special registries of the Gauwirtschaftskammerregistratur(en) were lost. The documents from the first period after the end of the war were not included in a systematic file plan until later; individual clerk registries for the period up to 1950 (beginning of a new file layer) are missing, e.g. files on the currency reform of 1948. 1. 1863-1914/1918 President Eduard Kleine 1900-1914 (1); elections 1863-1918 with voter lists (8); annual reports 1889-1913 (1); 50th anniversary 1913 (1); Syndici 1872-1914 (3); budget 1877-1900 (4); chamber building 1898-1913 (1); Chamber organisation 1894-1918 (2); Vereinigung der Sekretäre der Handels- und Gewerbekammern Deutschlands 1875-1899 (1); Vereinigung der Handelskammern des rheinisch-westfälischen Industriegebiets 1903-1918 (2). Local court Aplerbeck 1908 (1); commercial judge elections 1879-1918 (2); articles of association 1884-1918 (4); auditors 1899-1919 (3); commercial chemist 1899-1918 (3); commercial customs 1903-1919 (4). Correspondence with the Chief President of Münster and the government of Arnsberg 1893-1918 (2) and with the Minister of Commerce of Berlin 1882-1914 (6); universal suffrage 1906-1917 (1); coal mining 1886-1918 (2); iron industry 1894-1918 (1); grain and animal feed industry 1917-1918 (1); money transfer 1916-1918 (1). District Railway Council Cologne 1883-1918 (6); railway project Dortmund-Schwerte-Letmathe-Frankfurt 1890-1914 (3); waterway advisory boards for the Dortmund-Ems Canal, including canals 1907-1914 (1); port Dortmund 1886-1918 (1); Dortmund-Ems Canal (4). Customs tariffs 1905-1918 (1); German colonies 1909-1917 (3). Maschinenbauschule Dortmund 1893-1918 (2); Technische Hochschule Dortmund (planned) 1905-1909; Städtische Schifferschule Dortmund 1912-1915 (1); Städtische Fortbildungsschule Dortmund 1881-1918 (5), desgl. Unna 1911-1917 (1); stenographic examination office 1912-1916 (1). Chambers of Commerce 1884 (1); Chambers of Labour 1908-1918 (1); Chambers of Experts 1910-1915 (1); RWWA Cologne 1904-1918 (1); Bismarck Monument 1911-(1927) (1); German Economic Association 1904-1918 (1). 2. War and post-war files 1914-(1930) Certificates for army deliveries 1914-1918 (6); imports, export and transit bans in the First World War 1914-1918 (7); state forced organization (general) 1914-1919 (5); Kriegsausschuß der deutschen Wirtschaft 1914-1918 (1); Economic General Staff 1916 (1); War Bonds 1915-1921 (1); War Gains Tax 1915-1920 (1); War Aid Cashiers 1914-1920 (1); Advice Centres for Trade and Crafts 1914-1916 (1); Emergency Money 1914-1919 (1); Closures 1917 (1); Enemy Assets 1915-1918 (1). Foreign receivables 1914-1921 (5); occupied territories 1915-1918 (3); war and peace goals 1915-1918 (1); demobilisation 1918-1922 (3); civilian food supply 1915-1921 (2); purchasing companies 1915-1921 (5); prices, price testing agencies 1914-1919 (3); Generalkommando Münster 1914-1919 (2); war offices Düsseldorf u. Kriegsamt Düsseldorf (3); war and peace goals 1915-1918 (1); war and peace objectives 1915-1922 (3); shopping companies 1915-1921 (5); prices, price testing agencies 1914-1919 (3); Generalkommando Münster 1914-1919 (2); war offices Düsseldorf u. Münster 1917-1919 (2); demand for demobilisation 1918-1919 (2); cultivation of raw materials 1915-1919 (12). War welfare, war damaged, war survivors 1914-1918 (3); prisoners of war 1915-1917 (1); military service 1914-1918 (8); relief service 1916-1918 (2); armistice, peace treaty 1918-1930 (5); vote in Upper Silesia 1919-1929 (1); Saar region 1919-1931 (1); confiscation of German foreign assets 1919-1931 (3); German foreign receivables 1919-1930 (2); reparations 1924-1930 (8); reconstruction in Belgium and northern France 1919-1921 (1). Ruhr occupation 1923-1930 (3); Ruhrabwehrkampf 1925-1930 (1); economic administration in the occupied territory 1923-1926 (1); railway control 1923-1927 (1); food supply of the Ruhr area 1923-1924 (2); Rhein-Ruhr-Hilfe 1923 (1); customs regulations of the occupation authorities 1923-1925 (2); occupation damages 1923-1928 (20). 3. 1918-1930 Elections to the General Assembly 1919-1930 (6); General Assemblies 1918-1930 (9); Committees (general) 1919-1930 (2); Retail Committee 1919-1932 (2); Transport Committee 1921-1924 (1); Committee on Mining and Iron Industry 1921 (1); Tax Committee 1919-1922 (1); Committee on Motor Vehicles 1925-1929 (1); Deaths, Anniversaries 1921-1930 (5); Press Releases 1922-1930 (3); Lectures in the Chamber 1925-1929 (3); Administration 1920-1932 (2); Budget 1919-1934 (2); Chamber Building 1927-1942 (24); Obituaries Victor Weidtman and Richard Stegemann 1924-1927 (1). Chamber of Commerce Acts 1919-1929 (3); Association of the Managing Directors of the German Chambers of Industry and Commerce 1919-1930 (3); Association of middle officials of the German official industry and trade representations 1919-1930 (1); Pensions Compensation Fund 1924-1932 (1); individual Chambers 1919-1930 (30); DIHT 1918-1930 (3); Committees of the DIHT 1918-1930 (16); State Committee of the Prussian Chambers of Commerce 1919-1931 (4); Foreign Chambers 1918-1930 (4). Association of the Chambers of Industry and Commerce of the Lower Rhine-Westphalian Industrial Area 1918-1930 (7); Association of the Chambers of Industry and Commerce of Bochum, Dortmund, Duisburg, Essen, Krefeld and Münster 1920-1929 with annual reports (13); Association of the Chambers of Industry and Commerce of the South Westphalian Industrial District 1919-1921 (1); Merger of Chambers 1923-1930 (4); Joint Statistical Office of the Ruhr Chambers with quarterly reports 1921-1929 (3). Law (general) 1919-1931 (5); Imperial Administrative Court 1926-1931 (1); Commercial Courts 1919-1929 (3); Bankruptcy Act, Law 1924-1930 (28); Industrial Code 1921-1930 (1); Intellectual Property 1919-1930 (6); Auctions 1920-1930 (2); Commercial law 1919-1930 (4); unfair competition 1910-1930 (4); sales 1919-1930 (24); gifts, discount savings associations 1924-1930 (2); experts 1919-1930 (17); auditors 1919-1936 (2); information, expert opinions 1918-1933 (32). Correspondence with the Ministry of Commerce 1919-1930 (1) and the government of Arnsberg 1919-1929 (1); Reichszentrale für den Heimatdienst 1919-1930 (3); Reichsverfassung 1918-1930 (3); Bürgerräte 1919-1921 (1); Sozialisierung 1918-1926 (4); tax burden on the economy 1919-1925 (3); Enquête Committee 1926-1928 (2); Economic Democracy 1929-1930 (1); City Regulations 1922-1930 (1); RM Revaluation 1924-1930 (2); plant closures 1919-1930 (4), including Südrandzechen; exhibitions and Trade fairs 1919-1931 (21); dimensions and weights 1924-1930 (1); Siedlungsverband Ruhrkohlenbezirk 1920-1930 (2); Westf. Heimstätte GmbH, Münster 1925-1930 (1); settlement and housing 1919-1931 (4); incorporation 1922-1930 (5); economic situation reports 1920-1930 (12); price statistics 1919-1930 (3); labour market reports of the Landesarbeitsamts Westfalen-Lippe 1919-1931 (10). Hard coal mining 1920-1930 (6); iron and steel industry 1919-1928 (1); metal and others Industries 1919-1931 (2); Mechanical engineering 1919-1926 (1); Gas and gas supply 1926-1930 (6); Electricity supply 1919-1930 (3); Water management 1919-1930 (2); Food and beverage industry 1918-1930 (2); Breweries and distilleries 1918-1930 (1); Clay, stone and earth 1919-1930 (2); Construction 1919-1930 (2); Printing 1919-1929 (1); Restaurants and hotels 1917-1930 (3); Laundries 1920-1928 (1); Currency and emergency money 1918-1930 (4); Money and credit crunch 1922-1930 (4); Cheques and other cheques Bills of exchange 1919-1931 (3); balance of gold and payments 1922-1931 (1); securities 1919-1930 (2); banks and stock exchanges (general) 1919-1930 (3); savings banks and municipal banks 1921-1930 (1); stock exchanges in Dortmund 1921-1930 (2). Trade (general) 1911-1931 (2); wholesale prices 1928-1931 (1); advertising 1921-1930 (1); monopolies 1917-1930 (5); pharmacies 1919-1930 (1); wood, coal, oil, etc. Branches of trade 1917-1930 (19); metal thefts 1920-1930 (1); meat and livestock trade 1917-1930 (4); grain trade 1910-1930 (6); potato trade 1919-1930 (3); food trade 1919-1930 (6); tobacco and wine trade 1917-1930 (3). Retail trade (general) 1918-1931 (4); retail prices 1921-1930 (6); retail outlets 1919-1930 (2); consumer financing 1926-1927 (1); Edeka Association 1922-1930 (1); employee trade 1919-1931 (1); commercial agents 1919-1930 (4); crafts 1920-1930 (3); agriculture 1920-1930 (3); 33rd travelling exhibition of the German Agricultural Society in Dortmund 1927 (6). Transport 1917-1930 (2); railway (general) 1919-1931 (8); railway councils 1919-1930 (4); railway construction projects 1903-1930 (10), etc. Rheinisch-Westfälische Schnellbahn 1922-1927, Dortmund-Münster 1903-1927 (2); railway passenger and baggage traffic 1921-1931 (6); timetables 1925-1931 (3); freight traffic 1918-1931 (6); Private siding connections 1919-1932 (5); railway tariffs 1918-1931 (15); preferential tariffs in the Ruhr area 1927-1930 (4); trams 1921-1930 (1); Ruhr-Lippe-Kleinbahn 1928-1932 (1). Inland navigation (general) 1918-1930 (4); towing monopoly 1919-1930 (1); waterway advisory boards 1919-1930 (4); Hansa canal 1922-1930 (1); Dortmund-Ems canal 1919-1930 (5); Mittellandkanal 1919-1930 (1); canals and canal projects 1919-1930 (5); Lippe side canal 1918-1926 (1); port of Dortmund 1919-1930 (1). Road construction 1920-1930 (6); motor traffic 1920-1931 (5); bus routes 1924-1930 (1); transport companies 1924-1928 (3); air traffic 1919-1930 (2); Dortmund Airport 1921-1931 (5); Luftverkehrs-AG Westfalen (WELU) 1925-1930 (1). Post (general) 1919-1931 (9); telephony and telegraphy 1918-1930 (8); postage 1920-1931 (4); postal cheque office, traffic 1909-1930 (2); radio 1924-1930 (2); tourism 1919-1930 (2). Foreign trade (general) 1919-1930 (7); foreign law 1925-1930 (1); export reports 1925-1930 (1); trade espionage 1919-1930 (6); foreign trade fairs 1927-1930 (2); immigration and emigration, foreign Germans 1919-1930 (2); League of Nations 1926-1928 (2); trade treaties 1920-1930 (2); trade with individual countries 1912-1930 (37), above all with the USSR 1920-1930 (1920-1930); export reports 1925-1930 (1); trade espionage 1919-1930 (6); foreign trade fairs 1927-1930 (2); trade with individual countries 1912-1930 (37), above all with the USSR 1920-1930 (1920-1930); Foreign intelligence services 1919-1930 (11); import and export regulations 1914-1930 (17); foreign exchange trading 1921-1927 (1); consulates 1919-1930 (4); foreign travel 1924-1930 (2); customs (general) 1919-1930 (5); processing traffic 1921-1931 (7); German and foreign customs 1920-1930 (4). Taxes (general) 1919-1930 (3); Reich taxes 1919-1930 (3); financial and tax law 1924-1930 (5); financial equalization 1923-1930 (5); real taxes 1927-1929 (3); financial committees and offices 1921-1930 (8); property taxes 1919-1930 (5); Property tax 1919-1930 (5); turnover and luxury tax 1919-1930 (4); excise taxes 1924-1930 (4); municipal taxes 1921-1930 (7); business taxes 1921-1930 (11); business tax reform 1925-1927 (3); business taxes in individual municipalities: Annen 1920-1929 (3), Aplerbeck 1920-1929 (3), Barop 1922-1929 (3), Brackel 1921-1927 (2), Brambauer 1921-1927 (2), Castrop 1910-1930 (5), Derne 1922-1927 (2), Dortmund 1920-1932 (2), Fröndenberg 1924-1930 (1), Hamm 1906-1930 (4), Hörde 1924-1927 (2), Kamen 1919-1930 (3), Kirchhörde 1920-1929 (3), Lünen 1921-1930 (3), Lütgendortmund 1921-1927 (2), Marten 1921-1927 (2), Mengede 1921-1927 (2), Pelkum 1921-1930 (4), Rauxel 1904-1925 (2), Rhynern 1922-1930 (1), Schwerte 1921-1930 (4), Sodingen 1920-1923 (1), Unna 1924-1930 (1), Wellinghofen 1921-1930 (1), Westhofen 1921-1930 (1). Employees and workers (general) 1918-1930 (3); Labour courts 1921-1930 (1); Works Constitution, Councils 1918-1928 (2); Tariffs and wages 1919-1930 (7); Working time, protection 1919-1930 (5); Strikes 1919-1930 (2); Unemployment of employees 1925-1931 (2), Reich Insurance Ordinance 1919-1930 (3); Accident Insurance 1923-1930 (2); Disability Insurance 1921-1930 (1); Miners' Social Insurance 1925-1929 (1); Unemployment Insurance 1920-1930 (2); Unemployment Welfare 1918-1930 (5); Housing Construction 1926-1930 (1). Education (general) 1923-1930 (4); Vocational training 1919-1930 (9); Shorthand 1920-1930 (4); Mechanical engineering schools 1920-1930 (1); Vocational schools 1918-1930 (6); Vocational school fees in the municipalities of the chamber district 1921-1930 (18); Commercial schools in Dortmund and Unna 1905-1930 (5); Apprenticeship 1924-1929 (3). Chamber of Crafts Dortmund 1900-1930 (1); Chamber of Agriculture 1926-1930 (1); Chamber of Experts 1922-1931 (1); Chamber of Architects 1926-1928 (1); Chamber of Consumers 1920-1922 (1). Associations and federations (general) 1911-1930 (5); industrial associations 1919-1930 (1); CDI 1918-1919 (1), RDI 1919-1930 (3); Langnamverein 1920-1930 (2); Bergbau-Verein 1927-1930 (1); Association of German Iron and Steel Workers 1919-1930 (1); VDMA 1919-1926 (1); Hansabund 1919-1930 (1); Westfälischer Industrieklub 1921-1928 (1); Bund für Nationalwirtschaft und Werksgemeinschaft 1924-1930 (1); Transport associations, mainly VV Industriebezirk 1920-1930 (4); Verkehrsverein Dortmund 1919-1930 (3); Binnenschiffahrtsverbände 1917-1930 (7); Außenhandelsverbände 1920-1925 (1); Russlandausschuss der Deutschen Wirtschaft und ähnlichen Ausschüsse 1919-1930 (56); kaufmännische Verbände und Vereine 1922-1930 (1); Central-Gewerbe-Vereine 1919-1927 (1); Westfälische Kaufmannsgilde, Dortmund 1924-1930 (1); Deutsche Gesellschaft für Kaufmanns-Erholungsheime 1918-1930 (1); Hauptgemeinschaft des Deutschen Einzelhandels 1929-1930 (1); employers' associations 1919-1930 (1); Institut für Konjunkturforschung 1924-1930 (1); RWWA Köln 1919-1929 (1); Volkswirtschaftliche Vereinigung des rheinisch-westfälischen Industriegebiets 1920-1930 (1); Reichsverband der deutschen Volkswirte 1919-1929 (1); Westfälische Verwaltungsakademie, Bochum 1925-1931 (1); Associations for Commercial Education 1912-1930 (2); RKW 1925-1930 (1); Verband der Vereine Creditreform 1919-1929 (1); Deutscher See-Verein 1918-1930 (1); Kolonialvereine 1919-1930 (1); Tannenberg- u.a. Monuments 1927-1930 (2). 4. 1931-1945 Statutes 1932-1939 (1); Executive Board/Committee 1931-1942 (6); Members of the General Assembly 1932-1941 (3); General Assemblies 1930-1934 (1); Committees 1931-1941 (2); Retail Representation of the Chamber 1934-1941 (4); Anniversaries 1931-1941 (22); Lectures 1932-1940 (1); Journal "Westfälische Wirtschaft" 1932-1937 (3). Chamber organization (general) 1931-1941 (8); staff of the chambers 1932-1942 (6); IHK special-purpose associations 1929-1937, especially for the chambers Bochum, Dortmund, Essen, Münster (5); Vereinigung der IHKn des niederrheinisch-westfälischen Industriegebiets 1931-1935 (1); Arbeitsgemeinschaft der westf. Chambers of Industry, Commerce and Crafts 1933-1935 (1); Chambers of Foreign Trade 1931-1944 (5); International Chamber of Commerce, Paris 1931-1944 with German Group (2); DIHT with committees 1930-1934 (4). Imperial, state and municipal law 1927-1942 (4); citizenship 1931-1939 (2); arbitration courts and courts of honour 1931-1943 (8); settlements and bankruptcies 1929-1940 (27); debt settlement 1939-1943 (5); industrial property law 1927-1943 (39); unfair competition 1930-1942 (4); Unification Offices for Competition Disputes 1932-1940 (6); Out and Final Sales 1927-1939 (2); Prohibitions on Allowances 1931-1943 (3); Cartels and Syndicates 1931-1938 (1); Auctioneers 1931-1942 (2); Commercial Law 1932-1943 (1); Joint Stock Companies 1931-1939 (2); Stock Corporation Law 1931-1939 (2); GmbH Law 1937-1940 (1); Terms of Delivery and Payment 1931-1938 (3); Experts, Experts, Auditors 1931-1944 (36); Information 1931-1937 (8); Baumeister Titles 1931-1936 (4); Economy 1931-1939 (3); Eastern Aid 1930-1933 (1); Consequences of the Versailles Treaty 1931-1940 (2); NSDAP 1933-1944 (1); DAF 1933-1944 (2); organization of the economy / development of the commercial economy 1932-1944 (5); Reichsnährstand 1933-1938 (1); Reichskulturkammer 1933-1939 (1); technical division of the commercial economy 1934-1940 (5) and of industry 1934-1939 (2); delimitation of trade, crafts and industry 1934-1943 (5); urban development 1931-1937 (3). Reichswirtschaftskammer 1934-1939 (2); Gauwirtschaftskammern (general) 1938-1940 (1); Reichswirtschaftsgruppen 1934-1940 (3); Jewish businesses 1938-1939 (3); Ernährungsamt beim Oberpräsidenten Münster 1939-1944 (16); economic situation reports (general) 1931-1939 (2); Situation reports of the IHKs Dortmund 1931-1939 (11), Essen 1931-1937 (3), Düsseldorf 1931-1939 (2), Bielefeld 1936-1939 (2), Hagen 1936-1939 (2), Duisburg 1936-1939 (2), the joint statistical office of the IHKs Bochum, Dortmund, Duisburg, Essen, Krefeld, Münster 1931-1937 (2); economic situation reports for mining 1936-1939 (2); RKW 1931-1938 (4). Imperial agencies (monitoring agencies) for wool 1934-1941 (2), silk 1936-1941 (1), cotton 1934-1942 (2), bast fibres 1934-1942 (1), rubber and asbestos 1934-1940 (1); leather management 1934-1942 (6), textile management 1934-1941 (3); iron and steel industry 1934-1941 (2), silk 1936-1941 (1), cotton 1934-1942 (2), bast fibres 1934-1942 (1), rubber and asbestos 1934-1940 (1); leather management 1934-1942 (6), textile management 1934-1941 (3); iron and steel industry 1934-1941 (3) Steel management 1934-1941 (6); Metal management 1934-1941 (7); Coal management 1939-1941 (4); Price formation and monitoring 1931-1942 (13); Monthly price reports 1937-1940 (4); Trade fairs at home and abroad 1930-1939 (7); Settlement association Ruhr coal district 1931-1939 (2). Insurance 1931-1941 (1); Money, coins and currency 1931-1936 (1); Banking 1931-1939 (1); Gas, electricity, water 1931-1937 (2). Retail trade (general) 1931-1938 (2); trade in milk products 1927-1939 (2), margarine 1933-1939 (3), potatoes 1931-1937 (1), furniture 1937-1938 (1); pharmacies, drugstores 1930-1932 (8); sales representatives 1931-1939 (2). Wholesale (general) 1933-1941 (2); grain trade 1931-1939 (3), trade in base metals 1931-1936 (1); Committee on Agricultural Market and Sales Issues in the Rhine-Westphalian Industrial Area 1930-1932 (1); agricultural debt settlement 1932-1937 (1); press, printing industry 1931-1939 (6). Oberhausen freight base 1930-1936 (2); traffic (general) 1930-1939 (1); overall traffic plan Ruhr area 1937 (1); postal services (general) 1931-1941 (6); telegraph and telephone services 1931-1941 (2); railway traffic (general) 1927-1939 (3); Railway and motor vehicles 1931-1939 (3); rail freight transport 1930-1939 (4); private sidings 1931-1939 (2); rail passenger transport, tariffs 1931-1941 (12); timetables 1931-1943 (3); sea and inland waterway transport (general) 1930-1944 (1); Canals (general) 1931-1944 (2); Dortmund-Ems Canal 1931-1942 (3); Inland navigation statistics 1931-1939 (1); Port of Dortmund 1930-1944 (1); Air traffic 1931-1940 (1); Air protection 1931-1942 (1); WELU 1930-1938 (1); Dortmund airport 1930-1942 (1); Local public transport in Dortmund 1931-1943 (1); small trams and streetcars 1931-1944 (1); motor vehicles (general) 1931-1940 (5); petrol stations 1934-1942 (1); long-distance goods transport 1931-1939 (5); motorways 1933-1937 (2). Foreign Germans, emigration 1931-1940 (1); "Propaganda" abroad 1931-1940 (2); Foreign trade (general) 1931-1939 (5); Trade with foreign states 1930-1944 (6); Russian Committee of the German Economy 1931-1941 (4); Foreign Trade Office for Westphalia and Germany 1931-1941 (4); Foreign Trade Office for Westphalia and Germany 1931-1940 (2); Foreign Trade (general) 1931-1939 (5); Foreign Trade with Foreign States 1930-1944 (6); Russia Committee of the German Economy 1931-1941 (4); Foreign Trade Office for Westphalia and Germany 1931-1941 (4); Foreign Trade Office for Westphalia and Germany 1931-1940 (6); Foreign Trade (general) 1931-1939 (5); Foreign Trade with Foreign States 1930-1944 (6); Russia Committee of the German Economy 1931-1941 (4) the Ruhr district, Hagen 1931-1943 (13), their special reports 1939-1942 (3); import restrictions 1931-1935 (3); foreign exchange control 1931-1941 (44); export promotion 1931-1939 (3); clearing with foreign states 1932-1936 (6); compensation 1934-1936 (1); German customs duties 1931-1941 (2); processing traffic 1931-1934 (2). Public finance 1930-1942 (7); tax offices 1931-1934 (2); taxes (general) 1931-1941 (3); tax consultants 1931-1939 (1); Reich taxes 1931-1937 (2); Motor vehicle taxes 1930-1942 (1); income tax 1931-1941 (3); turnover tax 1931-1939 (4); municipal taxes 1931-1939 (1); business taxes 1931-1937 (1), in Dortmund 1931-1936 (1) and 1931-1936 (1). in the district of Unna 1931-1938 (1). Work assignment 1931-1940 (8); wages and tariffs in individual Westphalian branches 1931-1938 (3); payments under the collective bargaining agreement 1933-1938 (3); labour market situation, unemployment in Westphalia-Lippe 1931-1939 (7); granting of leave 1931-1939 (2); remuneration in the public service 1931-1940 (2); performance competition of German companies 1937-1940 (3); unemployment 1930-1939 (3); Emergency situation of older employees 1932-1938 (3); job creation 1932-1936 (1); social security (general) 1931-1939 (1); welfare 1931-1939 (2); collection and support 1931-1939 (1); Adolf Hitler Donation of the German Economy 1933-1939 (3); Winter Relief 1931-1937 (3); Settlement and Housing 1931-1940 (3); Barracks for Foreign Workers 1942-1945 (1949) (1). Bochum Administrative Academy 1931-1943 (1); Haus der Technik, Essen 1931-1941 (2); scientific institutes 1930-1943 (3); vocational training 1931-1943 (9); shorthand 1931-1942 (3); Vocational and technical schools in the chamber district 1931-1943 (4); vocational school contributions 1929-1942 (3); apprenticeship 1931-1939 (8); young skilled workers 1936-1937 (1); apprenticeship 1935-1941 (3); examinations 1936-1943(58). Chambers of Trade and Agriculture 1931-1944 (1); associations and federations (general) 1931-1943 (7); Hansabund 1931-1933 (1); intergovernmental trade associations 1931-1940 (2); RDI 1931-1933 (1); Langnamverein 1931-1935 (4); Haus- und Grundbesitzervereine 1931-1937 (1); political associations 1931-1938 (1); Raiffeisen-Genossenschaften 1930-1933 (1); congresses, conferences, events (especially in Dortmund) 1932-1944 (4). 5. 1945 to June 1950 Presidium 1945-1950 (1); General Assembly, Elections 1947-1950 (8); Joint Economic Policy Committee 1946-1949 (1); Retail Representation 1948-1950 (1); Committees 1946-1949 (5); Administration 1945-1950 (2); Budget (1942) 1945-1950 (2); Reconstruction of the Chamber building 1946-1951 (2); Personnel 1929-1951 (3); Anniversaries 1945-1950 (4); Lectures in the Chamber 1946-1950 (1); Newsletter of the Chamber 1946-1950 (1); Activity reports 1946-1950 (5);0 former Gauwirtschaftskammer 1945-1954 (1). Chamber organisation, law 1945-1950 (9); staff of the chambers (1937)-1950 (1); individual chambers 1945-1950 (5); regional and supraregional chamber organisation (1943) 1945-1949 (7); DIHT 1949-1950 (3); chamber association NRW 1946-1950 (6); joint statistical office of the NRW chambers 1946-1955 (1). Constitution and Administration (general) 1946-1950 (3); War Damage Law 1943-1949 (5); Burden Compensation 1948-1950 (2); Industrial Law (general) 1946-1950 (1); Auctions 1948-1950 (1); Competition Law 1946-1950 (6); Industrial Property Law 1946-1950 (6); Honorary Commercial Courts 1944-1950 (1); Bankruptcy law 1948-1950 (1); settlement of debts 1945-1950 (1); commercial law 1945-1950 (1), register 1945-1950 (3); stock corporation law 1943-1949 (1); cartels 1946-1950 (1); deliveries and payments 1945-1950 (2); expert opinions, information 1945-1950 (3); experts (1937) 1944-1950 (3); trade customs 1948-1950 (1). Economic Council of the United Economic Area, Frankfurt 1947-1948 (2); District Economic Office Dortmund 1946-1949 (2); Arnsberg Government 1945-1949 (1); Military Government 1945-1950 (3); War Economy (1933) 1945-1947 (1); Reparations, Dismantling 1947-1950 (6); Claims on the State, Wehrmacht, NSDAP 1945-1949 (6); requisitions by the occupying forces 1945-1948 (5); war equipment 1945-1948 (5); denazification 1945-1950 (5); appointment of trustees 1945-1950 (2); restitution 1947-1950 (2). Economic policy (general) 1945-1950 (4); Ruhr problems 1945-1950 (2); food industry 1945-1950 (1); permits 1945-1947 (12); reconstruction (general) 1945-1950 (1); situation reports (general) 1945-1950 (1), of companies 1945-1950 (5); Economic statistics (general) 1943-1950 (6); statistics of retail trade 1945-1946 (1), iron and steel industry 1930-1954 (3), textile industry 1948-1950 (2), rolling mills 1945-1946 (1), coal mining 1936-1949 (1); Rheinisch-Westfälisches Firmenjahrbuch 1947-1951 (3). Management of goods (general) 1945-1950 (5), iron and steel 1945-1950 (1), non-ferrous metals 1945-1950 (1), paper 1945-1949 (1); petroleum 1945-1948 (1), explosives 1945-1948 (1), textiles 1946-1949 (1), coal 1945-1946 (1); Prices, price monitoring 1945-1950 (7); trade fairs and exhibitions 1945-1950 (8); new settlement of industrial enterprises 1945-1950 (1); machine tool inventory in the chamber district 1945-1949 (3). Iron and steel industry 1945-1950 (1); breweries 1945-1950 (1); electricity and gas 1945-1950 (6); mining 1945-1950 (1); light industry 1945-1950 (9); construction 1945-1950 (5); Service industries 1945-1950 (1); hotels and restaurants 1945-1950 (1); crafts 1945-1950 (1); architects 1945-1949 (1); commerce (general) 1945-1950 (3); retail trade (general) 1945-1950 (5); wholesale trade (general) 1945-1950 (2); Factory trading 1946-1950 (1); interzone trading 1945-1948 (5); shop closing 1945-1950 (1); individual branches 1945-1950 (4); mail order 1945-1950 (2); spirits trading 1948-1950 (2); cooperatives 1944-1950 (1); Insurance industry 1945-1950 (2); monetary affairs, banks, savings banks 1944-1950 (4); agency services, exchange offices 1945-1950 (2); press 1945-1950 (2); newspapers, magazines 1945-1950 (4). Transport (general) 1945-1950 (1); Transport statistics (1936)-1948 (1); Transport losses 1945-1952 (1); Transport industry 1945-1949 (2); Rail transport (general) 1945-1950 (5); Timetables 1945-1950 (3), Rail tariffs 1945-1950 (1); Aviation 1948-1950 (1); Dortmund-Ems canal, Dortmund port 1945-1950 (2); sea and inland waterway transport and statistics 1945-1950 (4); motor vehicles (general) 1945-1950 (2); trams and light rail vehicles 1945-1950 (1); buses 1945-1950 (2); fuels, petrol stations 1945-1950 (1); tourism, travel agencies 1945-1950 (1). Foreign trade (general) 1945-1950 (9); Foreign trade information service 1947-1950 (3); Foreign trade meetings of the chambers 1946-1950 (5); Foreign trade statistics 1946-1949 (1); Foreign trade with individual countries 1947-1950 (4); Imports (general) 1946-1950 (2); Export markets 1945-1950 (2); Customs 1946-1950 (1); German foreign assets 1948-1950 (1). Public finances and taxes 1945-1950 (1); income tax 1944-1950 (2). Labour market statistics 1939-1950 (5); housing statistics 1933-1949 (1); social policy, labour law 1945-1950 (2); employment offices 1945-1950 (1); working time, wages, salaries 1945-1950 (6); company social policy 1945-1950 (1); trade unions 1945-1950 (1); Co-determination 1945-1950 (1); labour force deployment 1945-1950 (3); refugees 1945-1950 (2); rationalisation 1945-1950 (3); war-damaged, survivors 1946-1950 (1); accident insurance 1945-1950 (1); housing 1944-1950 (1). Vocational guidance 1946-1950 (1); Vocational training 1946-1950 (2); Vocational training officers of the chambers 1945-1950 (1); Centre for industrial vocational education of the [German] Chamber of Industry and Commerce, SitzDortmund 1946-1950 (1); Vocational and technical schools 1945-1950 (3); Apprenticeship 1945-1950 (2); Apprenticeships 1941-1950 (4); Books, libraries 1945-1950 (4). Associations and associations (general) 1945-1950 (3); employers' associations 1945-1950 (1); industry associations 1945-1950 (2); working group of small and medium-sized enterprises 1948-1950 (1); trade associations 1945-1950 (3); transport associations 1946-1950 (1); educational associations 1945-1950 (1); events in Dortmund 1946-1948 (3); art exhibitions, including correspondence with sculptor Benno Elkan 1950-1970 (1). 6. from 1950 debtor lists 1948-1965 (3); company identification and signets 1954 (3); reparations and dismantling 1950-1960 (1); weekly markets 1948-1951 (1); water management 1950-1952 (1); electricity management 1950-1960 (2); energy management general 1950-1961 (1); industry and situation reports of individual companies 1950-1967 (44); map collection approx. 1930-1970 (1); Statistical Service of the Chambers 1951-1953 (7); Workplace census in the chamber district 1950 (1); Air pollution control and noise abatement 1950-1965 (2); Insurance industry 1950-1955 (1); Registration of craftsmen in the commercial register 1950-1960 (1); Alweg-Hochbahn 1950-1957 (1); trams 1945-1956 (1); Dortmund-Ems-Kanal 1948-1953 (1); ports in Dortmund, Hamm and Lünen 1948-1973 (3); Dortmund airport 1948-1969 (1); Export financing 1950-1957 (1); foreign representation of chamber firms 1950-1952 (1); housing construction 1950-1952 (2); housing construction for refugees in Dortmund 1950-1954 (3); subsistence aid, emergency aid and refugee loans 1950-1952 (1); Vocational training departments of the chambers 1953 (1); statistics of vocational schools and students in the chamber district 1951-1959 (9); file regulations of the chambers 1951-1954 (1); working group of German commercial airports 1950-1951 (1); art exhibitions of the chambers 1953 (1); statistics of the vocational schools and students in the chamber district 1951-1959 (9); file regulations of the chambers 1951-1954 (1); working group of German commercial airports 1950-1951 (1); art exhibitions of the chambers 1953 (1); statistics of the vocational schools and students in the chamber district 1951-1959 (9); file regulations of the chambers 1951-1954 (1); working group of German commercial airports 1950-1951 (1); art exhibitions of the chambers (1)

On 19 May 1856 the Chamber of Commerce was established by Royal Decree for the district of Bochum. Gustav Müllensiefen, Crengeldanz, was the chairman when the company was founded. From 1872 to 1897 Louis Baare, director of the Bochumer Verein, presided. Changes in the district boundaries resulted mainly from changes in the area of the city and rural districts: from 1885, the Chamber of the City of Bochum and the districts of Bochum and Gelsenkirchen. The cities of Gelsenkirchen (1897), Witten (1899) and Herne (1906) left the counties. 1929 Chamber for the city districts Bochum, Gelsenkirchen (with Buer and Horst), Herne, Wanne-Eickel, Wattenscheid and Witten as well as Hattingen and further ten municipalities from the Ennepe-Ruhr district. 1943 in the course of the formation of the Gauwirtschaftskammern (chambers of commerce), spin-off of the city district of Gelsenkirchen (Reg.-Bez. Münster); Gelsenkirchen became a district of the IHK Münster; this regulation was not revised after 1945. After the communal reorganization in 1975 the affiliation of the cities Hattingen and Witten from the Ennepe-Ruhr district to the district of the Bochum Chamber of Commerce was controversial. 1982 they came after administrative court judgement finally to the chamber Bochum, which covers thus the city districts Bochum, Herne as well as the cities Hattingen and Witten from the Ennepe Ruhr district. 65 m Within the group of chamber archives, the collection contains the richest materials on the history of the Ruhr area from 1870 to 1914. Due to the rich recipient tradition, the collection contains information that goes far beyond the boundaries of the chamber. Statutes and rules of procedure 1879-1933 (5); correspondence of the management with the chairmen, including Louis Baare and Theodor Müllensiefen 1861-1934 (5); elections 1882-1929, 1947 (29); electoral rolls 1905-1933 (9); plenary assembly 1860-1974 (38); presidium 1945-1972 (4); activity reports of the in-house lawyer 1906-1916 (4); committees 1877-1910 (6); small and medium-sized enterprises, respectively Retail trade committee 1907-1937, 1975-1983 (10); wholesale trade committee 1975-1983 (1); landlord committee 1921-1925 (1); building committee 1950 (1); traffic committee 1966-1984 (2); right and tax committee 1925-1926, 1947-1959 (2); publications, periodicals 1897-1936 (10); congratulations, condolences 1933-1961 (9); Lectures and meetings 1920-1938 (8); anniversaries 1906-1932 (6); economic chronicle of the companies of the chamber district 1907 (1); general administration 1877-1933 (10); personnel administration 1900-1956 (6); finances and budget 1866-1950 (11); member companies 1923-1954 (47); buildings 1897-1960 (13). Minutes of plenary and committee meetings 1856-1920 (16); annual reports 1932-1951 (3). Chambers of Commerce (general) 1860-1936 (5); legal bases of the chambers 1896-1932, 1946-1952 (4); German (Industrie- und) Handelstag 1889-1973 (70); Working Committee on Transport at the German Industrie- und Handelstag 1950-1971 (5); budget plans and auditing 1927-1949 (2); Chamber of Commerce reforms 1919-1934 (4); reorganization of the chambers 1945-1951 (3); Chamber officials 1891-1940 (4); Association of the Managing Directors of German Chambers of Industry and Commerce 1916-1932 (2); Association of Middle-Class Officials of German Chambers of Industry and Commerce 1920-1934 (39); Pension Compensation Fund 1926-1936 (4); Versorgungsverband deutscher Wirtschaftsorganisationen 1943-1949 (1); International Chamber of Commerce 1925-1937 (3); German Chambers of Commerce Abroad 1897-1936 (4); Chamber Law (after 1945) 1948-1961 (2). Special-purpose chamber associations in Rhineland Westphalia 1919-1932 (22); joint tax committee 1923-1936 (2); state committee of the Prussian chambers of commerce 1920-1927 (2); unification of the chambers of commerce of the Lower Rhineland Westphalian industrial district and of the Lower Rhineland Westphalian industrial district, respectively Successor 1891-1929 (16); Zweckverband nordwestdeutscher Wirtschaftsvertretungen 1920-1933 (7); Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Industrie- und Handelskammern des Vereinigten Wirtschaftsgebietes bzw. Vereinigung der Industrie- und Handelskammern in der britischen Besatzungszone 1945-1949 (5); Kommission für Absatzwirtschaft der Internationalen Handelskammer 1952 (1). (Gau-)Wirtschaftskammer Westfalen-Lippe 1935-1946 (2); Bezirksausgleichsstelle für öffentliche Aufträge, Dortmund 1936-1942 (1); retail representation of IHKs in the fiduciary district of Westfalen 1936-1942 (1). Chambers of Labour 1908-1929 (3); Chambers of Agriculture 1926-1934 (3); Chambers of Consumers 1921-1922 (1); Chambers of Architects and Engineers 1926-1936 (1); Reichskulturkammer 1935-1936 (1). Law (general) 1870-1936 (7); judicial reform 1906-1932 (29); courts of honour of IHKs, commercial arbitration courts 1897-1937 (6); chambers of commerce 1861-1896 (8); bankruptcies and settlements 1860-1958 (14); individual bankruptcies 1926-1954 (21), etc. Küchel-Rottmann Group, Cologne, Gelsenkirchen 1929; Industrial Code 1856-1937 (6); Patents, Design and Trademark Protection 1897-1937 (8); Stock Corporation Law 1920-1937 (5); Examination of stock corporations 1886-1935 (9); Commercial Register (general) 1862-1950 (12); Commercial Register Bochum 1897-1938 (10); Gebr. Alsberg AG / Kaufhaus Kortum AG, Bochum 1933-1939 (1); Gebr. Fuchs, Wuppertal 1934-1938 (1); Commercial Register Gelsenkirchen 1925-1936 (4), Hattingen 1913-1937 (2), Herne 1892-1937 (4), Wanne-Eickel 1932-1935 (1), Wattenscheid 1901-1936 (3), Witten 1873-1931 (4); Antitrust law 1900-1937 (4); Westfälisches Kokssyndikat, Bochum 1896 (1); Verkaufsverein rheinisch-westfälischer Cementwerke GmbH 1904-1905 (1); Westdeutscher Zement-Verband GmbH, Bochum 1932-1933 (2); unfair competition, sales, conciliation offices 1894-1938 (15); premiums and discounts 1928-1940 (5); experts 1864-1954 (26); information on companies 1902-1951 (14); Expert opinions to authorities 1858-1918 (9), to private individuals 1965-1933 (5); commercial practices 1897-1926 (10); chartered accountants 1937-1952 (4); industrial monitoring 1947-1954 (1); absence guardianship for Fa. mouchel

1st Biographical Information on Wolfgang Kapp Wolfgang Kapp was born in New York on July 24, 1858, the son of the lawyer Friedrich Kapp, who had played an important role in the bourgeois-democratic revolution of 1848 and had to emigrate to the United States because of his participation in the Baden uprising. Wolfgang Kapp's mother was Louise Engels and was the daughter of the Major General and Commander of Cologne Engels. The family was originally called d'Ange and immigrated from France to Germany in 1687 after the Edict of Nantes. In 1870 Friedrich Kapp returned to Germany with his family; he lived in Berlin and was a national liberal, later a liberal member of the Reichstag from 1872-1877 and 1881-1884; he also worked as a renowned historian. Friedrich Kapp died in 1884, his son Wolfgang studied in Tübingen and Göttingen. He completed his studies in 1880 with a doctorate. Probably in 1881 Wolfgang Kapp married Margarete Rosenow, the daughter of a landowner in Dülzen (district Preußisch Eylau). After his marriage Kapp seems to have familiarized himself with the administration of a large agricultural business on his father-in-law's estate, because it was not until 1885 that he began his actual professional career as a trainee with the government in Minden. In 1886 he joined the Ministry of Finance, Department II, Administration of Direct Taxes, as a government assistant. From 1890 to 1899 he was district administrator in Guben. In 1890, at the beginning of his time as district administrator, Kapp bought the Rittergut Pilzen estate near the Rosenov estate and thus entered the circle of the East Prussian Great Agrarians. Out of his interest for the interests of agriculture a work of agricultural policy content arose in Guben, which attracted a great deal of attention in the Ministry of Agriculture, so that an appointment as a government council followed in 1900. Kapp was appointed to the I. Dept. Administration of Agricultural and Stud Affairs, Department of Agricultural Workers' Affairs, but during the era of Reich Chancellor von Bülow as Commissioner of the Prussian Ministry of Agriculture he was primarily active in the preparation of the customs tariff of 1902 and in the initiation of the new trade agreements of 1904-1906. Kapp gained his first foreign policy experience in negotiations with representatives of foreign countries. Kapp soon gained a closer relationship with the then Reich Chancellor von Bülow, with whom he shared similar political views. During his time at the Ministry of Agriculture, Kapp seems to have had ambitious plans for his future professional and political career and at least aspired to the position of district president. That his plans went even further can be seen from the recording of a conversation between Kaiser Wilhelm II and the General Field Marshal von der Goltz, in which the possibility of Kapp's successor in the Reich Chancellery was considered. However, this conversation, whose date lies between 1909 and 1911, took place at a time when Kapp had already left the Prussian civil service. The reason for his resignation from the Ministry of Agriculture seems to have been his annoyance at not taking his person into account when appointing district presidents. On 5 April 1906, the East Prussian countryside elected the owner of the Pilzen manor as general landscape director. It is very characteristic of Kapp's personality under what circumstances he became known in East Prussia through a trial he conducted against the landscape. The landscapes of the Prussian provinces were self-governing bodies and as such primarily representations of landowners. But the landscape also served as a representative body for state fiscal policy. Its real task, of course, lay outside the political sphere in granting credit to cooperatives. However, the credit policy has had a decisive influence on the distribution of property and the social structure of the provinces and has thus had political repercussions. Through the incorporation of agricultural banks and fire societies in the 19th century, the landscapes had become efficient organisations at provincial level. Kapp took on the new tasks with his own vehemence. He continued the landscape in the specified direction, primarily by developing the branch network of the Landschaftsbank, by merging the landscape with the East Prussian Feuersozietät, by granting more loans, particularly for small property, and by increasing the landscape funds. His policy was aimed at freeing agriculture, which was in a serious crisis at the beginning of the 20th century, from its dependence on state aid and enabling it to help itself by means of credit policy measures. In the course of these efforts, Kapp tackled three major tasks. First and foremost the question of agricultural debt relief, which the Prussian state initiated in 1906 with the law on the debt limit. Kapp was the first to try to make this framework law effective from the initiative of the parties themselves without further state aid by showing different ways of debt relief. The inclusion of life insurance as a means of reducing debt proved particularly effective. Instead of debt repayment, the premium payment was made to an agricultural life insurance company. This ensured that a certain amount of capital was available for debt reduction in the event of death. The second task resulted from the former. The desire to combine public-law life insurance with debt relief necessitated the creation of a number of public-law life insurance institutions, which were merged into an association chaired by Kapp. These facilities were especially designed to prevent the outflow of premium money from the countryside to the large cities, where it had been used especially for the construction of tenements. However, the outflow of capital was only one danger, the other was the rural exodus that began in the 19th century. He tried to strengthen small agricultural holdings with a colonization and agricultural workers' bill, which was accepted by the General Landtag in 1908. This measure was based on the recognition of the untenability of the institution of instants and deputants, who were in the closest dependence on the lord of the manor and who emigrated from this situation in masses to the large cities, where they strengthened the ranks of the industrial proletariat. The organ for settlement policy should be a landscaped settlement bank. The third task that Kapp set himself was the creation of a public-law national insurance scheme following the public-law life insurance scheme. This measure was primarily directed against the Volksversicherungsanstalt "Volksfürsorge", created by the Social Democrats, and was intended to secure capital for agricultural workers to buy their own farms by means of abbreviated insurance. These plans did not lead to the hoped-for success, but ended in a bitter feud with the private insurance companies, especially the Deutsche Volksversicherungs-Aktiengesellschaft. In addition to his functions within the East Prussian landscape, Kapp was also active in various other bodies. In December 1906 he was appointed to the Stock Exchange Committee of the Reichsamt des Innern and in 1912 to the Supervisory Board of Deutsche Bank. The First World War gave Kapp's life and work a whole new direction. Kapp's biography is too little researched to judge how far he had buried his ambitious plans, which apparently pushed him to the top of the Reich government, or postponed them only for a better opportunity. Although Kapp had been a member of the German Conservative Party since at least 1906, he did not take the path of an existing party to make a political career. This path probably did not correspond to his personality, described as authoritarian, ambitious and independent. He made the great leap into high politics through his sensational conflict with Reich Chancellor von Bethmann Hollweg. In his memo of 26 May 1916 "Die nationalen Kreise und der Reichs-Kanzler", which he sent to 300 public figures, including Bethmann Hollweg himself, he sharply criticised what he considered to be the weak policy of the Reich Chancellor, to whom he v. a. accused him of his alleged pacting with social democracy, his reluctance to America and his rejection of the unrestricted submarine war demanded by extremely militaristic circles, but also of a false war economic policy. The sharp reaction of Bethmann Hollweg, who spoke in a Reichstag session of "pirates of public opinion", among others, who abused "with the flag of the national parties", Kapp perceived as a personal affront to which he reacted with a demand for a duel. On the contrary, Kapp had to take an official reprimand and his re-election as General Landscape Director, which had taken place in March 1916 on a rotational basis, was refused confirmation by the Prussian State Ministry. Since his friends held on to Kapp in the East Prussian landscape, he was re-elected in 1917. This time - since Bethmann Hollweg had been overthrown in the meantime - he was able to take up his post as general landscape director again. At first, the events of 1916 led him even more into politics. Here he expressed solidarity with a circle of extremely reactionary and aggressive military forces around General Ludendorff and Grand Admiral von Tirpitz, who pursued a ruthless internal perseverance policy that tightened up all the forces of the people and a policy of unrestrained annexation and total warfare towards the outside world. Emperor Wilhelm II, who in principle sympathized with this extreme direction, had to refrain from supporting this group out of various considerations of public opinion and the negative attitude of the party majorities in the Reichstag. Kapp and his comrades-in-arms assumed in their political ambitions the complete certainty of the German final victory. They closed their eyes to the already looming possibility of defeat for Germany, especially after America entered the war. The war and peace goals they represented, especially the annexation plans at the expense of Russia and Poland, which were later only surpassed by Hitler, were marked by uncontrolled wishful thinking that in no way corresponded to objective reality. His extreme attitude drove Kapp into a blind hatred against any social and democratic movement; his fierce opposition against social democracy was mainly based on the legend of the dagger thrust against the imperialist Germany struggling to win. This military and National Socialist sharpening, for which Kapp found moral and financial support in certain circles of military leadership, but also among a number of university professors, writers, local politicians, agriculturalists, industrialists and bankers, culminated in the founding of the German National Party, which took place on 2 September 1917 (the "Sedan Day") in the Yorksaal of the East Prussian landscape. Although Kapp was clearly the spiritus rector of this "collection party", two other persons were pushed into the foreground, intended for the eyes of the public: These were the Grand Admiral von Tirpitz as 1st chairman and Duke Johann Albrecht von Mecklenburg as honorary chairman of this party. The German Fatherland Party did not seek seats in the Reichstag, but saw itself as a pool of national forces to bring about Germany's final victory. The statute provided for the immediate dissolution of the party once its purpose had been achieved. In addition to mobilising all forces to achieve military victory, Kapp's founding of the party also had another purpose that was not made so public. Tirpitz, then 68 years old, was to be launched as a "strong man" to replace the "weak" chancellors Bethmann Hollweg and Michaelis. It was obvious that in this case Kapp would join the leadership of the imperial government as advisor to the politically ultimately inexperienced Grand Admiral. The November Revolution of 1918 and the immediate surrender of Germany put an abrupt end to these lofty plans. But Kapp and his friends did not admit defeat. Although the German Fatherland Party was dissolved in December 1918, it was immediately replaced by a new party, the German National People's Party, which developed into a bourgeois mass party during the Weimar Republic, but no longer under Kapp's leadership. After the fall of the Hohenzollern monarchy, Kapp immediately opposed the revolution and the Weimar Republic. He could not or did not want to accept the social and political conditions that had arisen in the meantime; his goal was clearly the restoration of pre-war conditions. The sources, which were only incomplete at that time, do not show when the idea of a coup d'état was born and how the conspiracy developed in all its branches. A close associate of Kapp's, Reichswehrhauptmann Pabst, had already attempted a failed coup in July 1919. Together with Kapp, Pabst created the "National Unification" as a pool of all counter-revolutionary forces and associations. This Reich organisation was to coordinate the preparations for the coup in Prussia and Bavaria, while Kapp was to develop East Prussia into the decisive base of counterrevolution. From here, with the help of the Freikorps operating in the Baltic States, the Reichswehr and the East Prussian Heimatbund, whose chairman was Kapp, the survey was to be carried to Berlin with the immediate aim of preventing the signing of the Versailles Treaty. The approval of the Versailles Treaty by the parliamentary majority has created a new situation. Now Ludendorff, one of the co-conspirators, proposed to carry out the coup directly in Berlin, whereby the Baltic people, who were disguised as work detachments on the large Eastern Elbe goods, were to take over the military support. Meanwhile, the conspirators, headed by Kapp and Reichswehr General Lüttwitz, tried to gain the mass base absolutely necessary for the execution of the coup d'état through a broad-based nationalist smear campaign. The company was already at risk before it could even begin. Kapp had demanded that his military allies inform him at least 14 days before the strike so that he could make the necessary political preparations. That the coup d'état had just begun on 13 March 1920 depended not so much on carefully considered planning, but on coincidences that were not predictable. One of the reasons for the premature strike was the dissolution of the Freikorps, especially the Ehrhardt Brigade, decided by the Reich government. This revealed the fact that, in the absence of a party of their own, the conspirators were unable to avoid relying on the loose organization of the resident defence forces, which to a certain extent were also influenced by social democracy. The whole weakness of the company was evident in the question on which forces the new government should actually be based. While the military saw an arrangement with the strongest party, social democracy, as unavoidable, Kapp categorically rejected pacting with social democracy. He wanted to put the Social Democrat-led government as a whole into protective custody. But now the government was warned; for its part, it issued protective arrest warrants against the heads of the conspirators and left Berlin on March 12. In the early morning of March 13, the Navy Brigade Ehrhardt marched into Berlin without encountering armed resistance, as would have been the duty of the Reichswehr. Kapp proclaimed himself Chancellor of the Reich and began with the reorganisation of the government. The order of the new rulers to arrest the escaped imperial government and to remove the state government if they did not stand on the side of the putschists was only partially executed by the local commanders. The proclamation of the general strike on 13 March and the reports arriving from the most important cities and industrial centres about joint actions of the working class prompted the indirect supporters of Kapp, the large industrialists and the Reichswehr generals, to adopt a wait-and-see attitude. Kapp had to see the hopelessness of his company. Eyewitnesses reported that Kapp had spent almost 3 days of his time as Chancellor of the Reich "with gossip". On March 15, the "adventure" was over. Kapp apparently stayed hidden with friends near Berlin for some time after the failed coup and then flew to Sweden in a provided plane. Here he initially lived under different false names in different places, at last in a pension in Robäck, but was soon recognized and temporarily taken into custody. The Swedish government granted asylum to the refugee, but he had to commit himself to refrain from all political activities. When the high treason trial against the heads of the March company in Leipzig began, Kapp was moved by the question of his position in court. At first, he justified his non-appearance with the incompetence of the Ebert government and with the constitution, which in his opinion did not exist. Kapp said that there was no high treason in the legal sense against the "high treason" of social democracy. When in December 1921 one of the co-conspirators, the former district president of Jagow, was sentenced to a fortress sentence by the Imperial Court, Kapp changed his mind. Still in Sweden he worked out a justification for the process ahead of him, in which he denied any guilt in both an objective and a subjective sense. On the contrary, he intended to appear before the court with a charge against the then government. It didn't come to that anymore. Kapp had already fallen ill in Sweden. At the beginning of 1922 he returned to Germany and was remanded in custody. On 24 April 1922, he underwent surgery in Leipzig to remove a malignant tumour from the left eye. Kapp died on 12 June 1922; he was buried on 22 June at the village churchyard in Klein Dexen near his estate Pilzen. 2. inventory history The inventory, which had been formed in its essential parts by Kapp himself, was transferred by the family to the Prussian Secret State Archives as a deposit in 1935. Here the archivist Dr. Weise started already in the year of submission with the archival processing, which could not be completed, however. In the course of the repatriation of the holdings of the Secret State Archives, which had been removed during the Second World War, the Kapp estate was transferred to the Central State Archives, Merseburg Office. In 1951, Irmela Weiland, a trainee, classified and listed the stock here. As a result of the processing a find-book was created, which was until the new processing in the year 1984 the kurrente find-auxiliary. 1984 the stock was to be prepared for the backup filming. It turned out that the processing carried out in 1951 did not meet today's archival requirements, so that a general revision was considered necessary. The graduate archivists Renate Endler and Dr. Elisabeth Schwarze rearranged and simply listed the holdings according to the principles of order and indexing for the state archives of the German Democratic Republic, Potsdam 1964. The found file units were essentially retained, in individual cases they were dissolved and new indexing units were formed. In addition, 0.50 m of unprocessed documents were incorporated into the estate. The old regulatory scheme, which was essentially broken down chronologically, was replaced by a new regulatory scheme based on Kapp's areas of activity. In the course of the revision, the portfolio was re-signed. The relationship between the old and the new signatures was established through a concordance. The new find book replaces the previously valid find book from 1951. The stock is to be quoted: GStA PK, VI. HA Family Archives and Bequests, Nl Wolfgang Kapp, No... 3) Some remarks on the content of the holdings The Kapp estate contains 7.50 running metres of archival material from the period from 1885 to 1922, including some earlier and later individual pieces. The holdings mainly contain documents from Kapp's official and political activities, to a lesser extent also correspondence within the family and documents from the administration of the Knights' Manor Pilzen. The density of transmission to the individual sections of Kapp's professional and political development is quite different. While his activities with the Minden government, in the Prussian Ministry of Finance and as district administrator in Guben are relatively poorly documented, there is a rather dense tradition about his activities as director of the general landscape and as chairman of the German Fatherland Party. The documentation on the preparation and implementation of the coup shows gaps which can be explained, among other things, by the fact that important agreements were only reached orally at the stage of preparing the coup. Moreover, Kapp, who had to flee hastily to Sweden after the coup d'état failed, was no longer able to give this part of his estate the same care as the former one. Overall, however, it is a legacy of great political importance and significance. Merseburg, 2. 10.1984 signed Dr. Elisabeth Schwarze Diplomarchivar Compiled and slightly shortened: Berlin, April 1997 (Ute Dietsch) The clean copy of the find book was made by Britta Baumgarten. Note After the reunification of the two German states, the Merseburg office was closed, the archival records and thus also the Kapp estate were returned to the Secret State Archives in Berlin (1993). From the inventory maps, this reference book was created after maps that no longer existed were replaced (post-distortion of files). XIII Bibliography (selection) Bauer, Max : March 13, 1920 Berlin 1920 Bernstein, Richard : Der Kapp-Putsch und seine Lehren. Berlin 1920 Brammer, Karl : Five days of military dictatorship. Berlin 1920 Documents on the Counterrevolution using official material: The same: Constitutional Foundations and High Treason. According to stenographic reports and official documents of the Jagow trial. Berlin 1922 Erger, Johannes : The Kapp-Lüttwitz Putsch. Düsseldorf 1967 Falkenhausen, Fri. from : Wolfgang Kapp. In: Conservative Monthly July/August 1922 Kern, Fritz : Das Kappsche Abenteuer. Impressions and findings. Leipzig/Berlin 1920 Könnemann, Erwin : Residents' Weirs and Time Volunteer Associations. Berlin 1971 Noske, Gustav : From Kiel to Kapp. Berlin 1920 Rothfels, Hans : Article "Wolfgang Kapp" in: Deutsches biogra- phisches Jahrbuch Bd 4 (1922) Berlin/Leipzig 1929, correspondence. 132-143 (Here also a drawing of the works Kapps) Schemann, Ludwig : Wolfgang Kapp and the March company. A word of atonement. Munich/Berlin 1937 Taube, Max : Causes and course of the coup of 13 March 1920 and his teachings for the working class and the middle classes. Munich 1920 Wauer, W. : Behind the scenes of the Kapp government. Berlin 1920 Wortmann, K. Geschichte der Deutschen Vaterlandspartei In: Hallische Forschungen zur neueren Geschichte. Volume 3, Hall 1926 Contents I. Introduction Page II 1 Biographical Information on Wolfgang Kapp Page II 2 History of the Collection Page X 3 Some Remarks on the Content of the Collection Page XI 4 Literature in Selection Page XIII II Structure of the Collection Page XIV III Collection Page XVII (Order Numbers, Title, Duration Page 1-106)) XVII III. holdings (order numbers, file title, duration) Description of holdings: Lebenssdaten: 1858 - 1921 Finds: database; find book, 1 vol.

Description of the stock: The military commander, France, exercised supreme authority in the parts of France occupied since 1940, with the exception of the departments of Alsace and Lorraine, which were placed under the command of the civil administrations, and the departments of Nord and Pas de Calais, for which the military commander was responsible in Belgium and northern France (see also the annexes listed below). The focus of the military commander's tasks was not so much on military matters (e.g. defence against enemy landing attempts, coastal protection) as on administrative and economic matters. After the German occupation of southern France in 1942, the German General was in charge of military affairs for the Commander-in-Chief West in Vichy. Annexes: 1st structure of the military administration in France (as at 29 July 1940) 2nd structure plan of the administrative staff (as at the end of November 1941) 3rd structure plan of the administrative staff (as at 1 November 1942) 4th structure plan of the military administration in France (as at 1 March 1944) 5th structure plan of the military administration in France (as at 1 March 1944) Use of field commandant offices in occupied territory of France (as of 15 March 1941) 6. Use of high field commandant offices, field commandant offices, German main and connecting staffs, branch offices and square commandant offices (as of 1 August 1944) Content characterization: The extent of the documents lost due to the effects of war is not known exactly. More than half of the documents that have been archived in the Federal Archives come from the Military Commander's administrative staff (activity reports, control of French legislation, administration of justice, police matters, management of the French economy, mining, labour operations, recording of documents of German interest in French libraries and archives). From the documents of the command staff the general activity reports deserve special mention. In addition, there are orders, orders and reports from the military administrative districts and a few fragments of documents of the intelligence staff about the intelligence facilities of the Maginot Line. The stock contains material according to the following structure: 1. stockpiles 2. command staff military commander France 2.1 commander 2.2 division Ia (operations division) 2.2.1 Organisation and territorial management 2.2.2 Operational planning 2.2.3 Situation reports 2.2.4 Military security of the occupied territories 2.2.5 Telephone directories 2.2.6 Other documents 2.2.7 Dept. Ia/Stopi (pioneering) 2.2.8 Dept. Ia/Gabo (gas defence) 2.2.9 Dept. Ia/Mil.Geo. (Military Geography) 2.3 Division Ib (Supply and Supplies) 2.3.1 Division Ib (1) (Housing Affairs) 2.3.2 Division Ib (3) (Prisons) 2.3.3 Division Ib/VOLS (Air Protection) 2.4 Division Ib (Supply and Supplies) 2.3.1 Division Ib (1) (Accommodation Affairs) 2.3.2 Division Ib (3) (Prisons) 2.3.3 Division Ib/VOLS (Air Defence) 2.4 Division Ib (Air Defence) Ic (Political Advice, Mood, Defense) 2.5 Abt. IIa (Personnel Issues) 2.6 Oberquartiermeisterabteilung Paris/France 2.7 Höherer Nachrichtenführer 2.8 Oberstkriegsgerichtsrat 2.9 Dept. IVa (Intendant) 2.10 German Labor Front/Amt Army - Chairman of the Military Commander France 2.11 Propaganda Department 2.12 Headquarters 3.1 Chief of Military Administration 3.1.1 Organization 3.1.2 Activity Reports 3.1.3 Operation Reports 3.2 Central Department of Military Administration 3.2.1 Organization 3.2.2 Status Reports 3.2.3 Staff Commands 3.2.4 Defense Affairs 3.2.5 Human Resources 3.2.6 Miscellaneous 3.3 Paymaster 3.4 Army Field Postmaster at the Chief Military Administration 3.5 Departments Administration 3.5.1 General administration (Division V 1) 3.5.1.1 General and internal administration (Group V 1/1) 3.5.1.1.1 Drafting 3.5.1.1.2 Administrative measures 3.5.1.1.3 Police matters 3.5.1.2 Cultural and art administrations (Group V 1/2) 3.5.1.2.1 Art protection - Einsatzstab Rosenberg 3.5.1.2.2 Ref. archives 3.5.1.2.2.1 Situation reports 3.5.1.2.2 Internal services 3.5.1.2.2.3 Expertise, elaborations, lectures and press articles 3.5.1.2.2.4 Supervision of the French archives 3.5.1.2.2.5 Branch office of archival protection 3.5.1.2.2.6 Correspondence with the Director-General of the State Archives - Commissioner for Archives Protection 3.5.1.2.2.7 German reclaims of archival material 3.5.1.2.2.8 Fugitives from the archives and repatriations 3.5.1.2.2.9 Measures in Alsace/Lorraine 3.5.1.2.2.10 Luxembourg 3.5.1.2.2.11 Inventory and copying of archival documents 3.5.1.2.2.12 Archives National 3.5.1.2.2.13 Ministerial archives 3.5.1.2.2.13.1 War ministry 3.5.1.2.2.13.2 Foreign ministry 3.5.1.2.2.14 Municipal and departmental archives 3.5.1.2.2.15 Rhineland 3.5.1.2.3 Library Protection Section 3.5.1.2.3.1 Bibliothèque Nationale 3.5.1.2.3.2 Institutes and libraries 3.5.1.3 Transport (Group V 1/3) 3.5.2 Justice (Dept. V 2) 3.5.2.1 Administration of Justice and General Legal Matters (Group V 2/1) 3.5.2.1.1 Reports and Human Resources 3.5.2.1.2 Administrative Matters 3.5.2.1.3 International Law and Reprisals 3.5.2.1.4 French legislation, legal assistance and administration 3.5.2.1.5 Criminal matters 3.5.2.1.6 Police measures 3.5.2.2 Economic legal matters (Group V 2/2) 3.5.2.2.1 Seizures and reparations 3.5.2.2.2 Miscellaneous 3.5.3 Finance (Division V 3) 3.5.3.1 Financial management (Group V 3/1) 3.5.3.1.1 Customs and border issues 3.6 Economic divisions 3.6.1 General economic affairs and economic transport (Dept. Wi I) 3.6.1.1 Decrees, daily reports, activity reports 3.6.1.2 Special economic regulations 3.6.1.3 General Affairs and de-Jewification (Group Wi I/1) 3.6.1.3.1 de-Jewification of the economy (Ref. Wi I/1b) 3.6.1.3.2 Fiduciary and auditing activities (Ref. Wi I/1c) 3.6.1.3.2.1 Provisional administration 3.6.1.3.2.2 Audits 3.6.1.4 Fine-tanking assets (group Wi I/2) 3.6.1.5 Statistics (group Wi I/3) 3.6.1.6 Economic transport (group Wi I/4) 3.6.1.7 Order relocation and war risk 3.6.1.8 Black market 3.6.1.9 Business activity in France and Germany 3.6.1.10 Miscellaneous 3.6.2 Commercial economy (Wi II division) 3.6.2.1 ROGES, Rohstoffhandelsgesellschaft m.b.H. - Rohstoffeinkauf in Frankreich 3.6.2.2 Mining and coal industry, minerals and earths (Wi II/A group) 3.6.2.2.1 Coal and peat - extraction, planning, management (Ref. Wi II/A/1) 3.6.2.2.1.1 Situation reports 3.6.2.2.1.2 Utilities 3.6.2.2.2.1.3 Price regulation 3.6.2.2.1.4 Statistics 3.6.2.2.2.2 Ore and salt - extraction and management (Ref. Wi II/A/2) 3.6.2.2.3 Stones and earths (Ref. Wi II/A/3) 3.6.2.2.4 Potash (Ref. Wi II/A/4) 3.6.2.2.5 Colonial mining 3.6.2.2.6 Human resources, wages, strikes 3.6.2.2.7 Miscellaneous 3.6.2.3 Petroleum industry (Group Wi II/B) 3.6.3 Food and agriculture (Div. Wi III) 3.6.4 Forestry, hunting and forestry (Div. Wi IV) 3.6.5 Foreign trade, monetary affairs and insurance (Div. Wi V) 3.6.6 Price regulation (Section Wi VI) 3.6.7 Labour input and social services (Section Wi VII) 3.6.7.1 Recruitment of workers to Germany, intra-French labour input (Group Wi VII/B) 3.6.7.1.1 Recruitment of labour to Germany (group Wi VII/B/I) 3.6.7.1.2 Intra-French labour input (group Wi VII/B/II) 3.6.7.2 Social security and wage formation (Group Wi VII/C) 3.6.8 Finance (Dept. Wi VIII) 3.6.8.1 Situation reports 3.6.8.2 General 3.6.8.3 Taxes 3.6.8.4 Housing 4. Military administrative districts 4.1 Military district Paris 4.2 Military district A (North-West France) 4.2.1 Dept. Ia (Operations Division) 4.2.2 Dept. Ic (Defence) 4.2.3 Staff officer of the fieldendarmerie 4.2.4 Abt. IIa (personnel questions) 4.2.5 Quartiermeister 4.2.6 Nachrichtenführer 4.2.7 Abt. III (court) 4.2.8 Abt. IVa (Intendant) 4.2.9 Abt. IVb (medical affairs) 4.3 Military Administrative District B (South-West France) 4.3.1 Division Ia (Operations Division) 4.3.2 Division IIa (Personnel Affairs) 4.3.3 Quartermaster 4.3.4 Intelligence Officer 4.3.5 Division IVa (Intendant) 4.3.6 Miscellaneous 4.4 Military Administrative District C (Northeast France) 4.4.1 Organization 4.4.2 Division Ia (Operations Division) 4.4.3 Division Ic (Defence) 4.4.4 Staff Officer of the Fieldendarmerie 4.4.5 Quartermaster 4.4.6 Division IVa (Intendant) 4.4.7 Pioneers 4.4.8 Miscellaneous 4.5 Commander of the Army Area of Southern France 4.5.1 Division Ia/Gabo (Gas Defense Service) 4.5.2 Quartermaster 4.5.3 Department of Administration and Economics 4.6 Bordeaux Military District State of development: Findbuch Scope, Explanation: 1220 AU Citation method: BArch, RW 35/...

Contains among other things: S. M. S. 'Panther': Victoria, Libreville, Cape Lopez, Congo, Swakopmund, Walfischbay, Lüderitz Bay (diamond question) S. M. S. 'Hertha': Alexandria, Venice, Messina, Corfu, Cadiz,Ferrol, Algiers, Piraeus S. M. S. 'Freya': Port of Spain, Santiago de Cuba, Bermuda, Ponta Delgada, Pensacola S. M.S. 'Charlotte': Port of Spain, St Thomas, Vigo, Dartmouth S.M.S. 'Victoria Luise': Genoa, Corfu, Cadiz, Palermo, (bridge building for earthquake victims), Lisbon, Algiers S.M.S. "Bremen": Punta Arenas, Rio de Janeiro, Desterro, Santos, Port of Spain, La Guayra (overthrow in Caracas), Bahia, Pernambuco, Buenos Aires, New Orleans, Curacao, Colon (report on Panama Canal), Port Limon, Newport News, Havana, Baltimore, Puerto Barrios S. M.S. "Loreley": Tophane, Alexandria, Eastern Mediterranean S.M.S. "Sea Eagle": Zansibar, Mozambique, East London, Cape Town, Beira S.M.S. "Sperber": Togo, Cameroon, Lüderitz Bay, (diamond question), Duala, Worri, Forcados, Accra, Loanda S.M.S. "Nicole": Colombo S. M.S. "Buzzard": Inhambane, Lourenzo-Marques, Port Elisabeth, Cape Town, Durban Cruise Wing: Hogkong, Canton, Saigon S. M. S. "Condor": New Guinea, Caroline Islands, Sydney, Brisbane S. M. S. "Jaguar": Ponape, Caroline Islands S. M. S. "Stettin": Corfu, Malaga, Malta S. M. S. "Lübeck": Beirut (tense situation), Messina S. M. S. "Hamburg": Haifa, Jaffa

Enthält u.a.: The Financier and Bullionist, London, May 1909 Nigeria Bitumen Corporation Ltd. Directors’ Report and Accounts, December 1908 Expeditionsberichte

Contains among other things: Liesegang, results of mining and geological research in the French Congo region and in the part ceded to Germany. December 1911 Législation Minière des Colonies et Pays de Protectorat de l'Afrique continentale autres que l'Algérie et la Tunisie, Paris 1907

Enthält u.a.: Ceylon. Report on the results of the mineral survey of Ceylon 1905 - 1906 und 1914, London, 1907 und 1914 Statistics on the mining industry in the French colonies during 1906, Melun, 1907 Ozark Diamond Mines Corporation, Little Rock, Arkansas, 1909