Picture of a Samoan chief. In his hands he holds a head knife. / Photographer: Scherl

A 'chief' in the capital of the German colony Cameroon with his women. The chief wears a naval uniform, and the women also wear European clothes. / Photographer: Scherl

Chief Muliufi from Samoa, son of Mataafa, sits cross-legged in front of his hut / Photographer: Scherl

The German friendly chief Tamasese / Photographer: Scherl

1. the history of the collection: The term "wall attacks" for the posters kept in this inventory is contemporary. It refers to the simple mounting: not like advertising posters on splendid advertising pillars, but on simple wall walls they were fastened visibly for everyone. The war situation requires simple use. Wall attacks were often used in the occupied territories. But even in the home country there was little room for such posters. The poor equipment of these posters is a consequence of this situation. The war situation allowed only simple, often newspaper-thin paper. As a rule, there was no graphic design, but the text poster predominates, on which at most the title (often the word "Bekanntmachung") is highlighted in large letters. Sometimes the paper is dyed with a signal colour, which can perhaps be interpreted as a preliminary stage of a graphic design. A more elaborate design for political posters only emerged during the First World War (Ursula Zeller. The Early Period of the Political Image Poster in Germany (1848-1918), Stuttgart 1987, especially Chapter 7). The advertising posters contained in this collection for the subscription of war loans offer charming examples of this. Such graphically designed and aesthetically "beautiful" posters, however, only make up a vanishing part of the collection of wall attacks. After all, it contains pieces by artists such as Hanns Anker, Lucian Bernhard, Alexander U. Cay, Fritz Erler, Louis Oppenheim and Egon Tschirch. However, most of the pieces kept in this collection are not such posters, but pure text posters without a graphic or even pictorial design. The collection of wall attacks was established in the army archive, Stuttgart branch, in the 1920s and continued for decades. Little is known about the motifs, the conception of the collection and the practical collecting activity from this period. A general interest in wall attacks can be established early on: some wall attacks were already reprinted in reduced size in brochures during the war (such booklets can be found in the HSTAS collection of publications) and even sold in the front area (cf. J 151 No. 1240). From the available material it can be concluded that the employees of the Army Archives in principle included every piece in their collection that they could get hold of. In comparison to today's collection concepts, a broad collection was intended. It was by no means restricted to German or even southwest German wall attacks. However, the existing collection sources were not always able to meet the high demands: often gaps remained which could only be taken into account with a few pieces or not at all. A lot can be said about the collection sources. It can be assumed that some of the wall stops were taken from files, which can be seen today in the perforations at the edges of the former multiple-folded piece. Other pieces contain official notes on the poster on the back or at the bottom. By the way, the group that carries a stamp "Landsturm Infanterie Bataillon Calw" or Leonberg is comparatively large. The fact that a third (523) of the 1622 Wall attacks of the western front came from the stage commandantur Roubaix can only be explained by the fact that a Württemberg regiment was stationed there, apparently like the two Landsturm infantry battalions mentioned a source for the collection of the army archive. Other stage commandantures for which such a connection was missing are accordingly sporadically considered. Stamps show that pieces were also taken from related institutions (in exchange?): namely from the Königlich Württembergischen Armeemuseum and from the Deutsche Bücherei Leipzig. A larger group of pieces has been extracted from the pamphlet collection of the Army Archives (now part of the Main State Archives J 150) and integrated into the collection of wall attacks. Over a certain period, the two collections held in the Army Archives overlapped. In addition - but to a lesser extent - wall stops were taken from Luck's collection and from estates (Hahn's estate, later also Haußmann's estate) and added to the collection. Some accesses from the Staatsarchiv Ludwigsburg might be relatively young. The collection of wall attacks was added to the collection of the Main State Archives before 1974 from the holdings of the Army Archives. It was given the signature J 151. The background to the abolition of the quite sensible delimitation of the holdings between the collections of the Military Archives and the J holdings of the Main State Archives can no longer be discerned. Even before this relocation, the collection of wall attacks was arranged by the student Markus Braun in the army archive in 1954 and provisionally indexed by a twelve-page find book. The collection continued to receive further additions, especially from estates. The comprehensive conception of the collection failed in practice due to the limitations of the collection sources. Not all areas could be documented equally intensively. The collection covers the period from 1914 to 1948, including the post-war period of the Second World War. In quantitative terms, the focus is clearly on the First World War (2582 wall attacks totalling approx. 2700) and here again on wall attacks from the western front (1622 vs. 599 from the eastern front). These are mainly wall attacks by the (German) occupying power, to a lesser extent also those of Austrian provenance. Only a few wall attacks were made by the opponents (France and Russia) at that time. Another group are the pieces used in Germany (on the "home front") themselves. As provenances (publishers of the Wall attacks) both civilian (Generalgouvernement Belgium, French mayor's offices) and military authorities (army high commandos, stage inspections and commandant's offices) are represented, often combined with each other (at the level of stage commandant's offices and mayor's offices). In terms of content, these are often ordinances and communications from the crew to the local population. The wall attacks serve, for example, to announce war economic measures such as setting maximum prices, recording stocks that can be used for military purposes, announcing the punishment of locals or to incite desired behaviour among the population of the occupied area, such as observance of curfews, blackout measures or a ban on meetings. An interesting group are the wall attacks with "information" about the war situation, with which the resistance should be broken or at least discouraged. In the homeland, wall attacks served to call for recruits, to call for donations and to propaganda against the hostile powers, but also to strengthen national self-confidence, to advertise cultural events and to announce war economic measures. 2. processing of the stock: The merit of the work of the student Markus Braun of 1954 lay more in the order of the extensive collection than in its indexing. Braun limited the indexing to a group entry, for which the scheme "Regulations and notices: Etappenkommandantur XY, year, number of pieces" is typical. Wall attacks of the same kind were united to form a group and this group was described as generally as possible in the manner indicated. For reasons of time, it was probably not the intention to go into the contents of the individual pieces, which Braun, however, signed individually. Already the supplements to the finding aid book by later supplements tend in contrast to an individual indexing, thus to a description of each individual piece. Such a thorough indexing is finally standard for the poster collections begun in the 1970s in the Main State Archives (J 153, J 154 and J 154/5), which, unlike the Wall attacks, have no historical relevance. With the exception of minor changes, however, the order of the brown wall stops could essentially be maintained. The structure of his find book is therefore almost identical to that of the present one. Also, the old Braun signature runs in principle parallel with the present Numerus currens (which determines the place of storage). But since Braun started the counting with 1 again with each new larger group, a concordance of the signatures is attached to the find book. The individual development was therefore the aim of the reworking begun in October 1989. At the same time, it served to introduce the aspirants trained in the Main State Archives to the cataloguing of posters as an example for the work on collections. On the occasion of the reworking, better packaging was also provided. The wall stops were repackaged in acid-free DIN A 1 envelopes, also in order to avoid as far as possible the folds (especially cross folds) harmful to the very thin paper. Smaller cracks were also repaired. The new indexing was based on the MIDEPLAK (EDP) mask developed in cooperation with LAD in the summer of 1989 and a data sheet designed for this purpose. This data entry mask, which can be used under the MIDOSA program package, should not only be usable for wall stops, but should also be able to be used for IT data entry for all types of posters (advertising posters and political posters). The description of the wall stops is arranged according to the following scheme in the finding aid book: The order number in the upper left corner is only relevant for the order of the description and references from the index. For storage in the magazine and also for ordering the pieces, only the order number is used, which can be found at the end of the description of the individual unit. The title of the poster is treated as a quotation and is therefore enclosed in quotation marks. If necessary, additions are added for identification. Most of the titles are "regulation", "notice" and the like, and the editor then had to further specify the content in his own words. Several titles on a wall attack are quite conceivable. The title is reproduced in the original language, only in Slavic languages it is translated or transcribed. The runtime usually specifies the print or publication date. In the next line, the reason for the occurrence of the wall stop - as far as known - is given, but this is comparatively seldom the case with the wall stops. This is followed by information about the publisher, graphics, print, persons responsible in terms of press law, etc. The formal information includes the format of the poster and the number of pieces stored. The description of the visual representation takes place in a separate block. Since the stock at hand is mainly made up of text posters, an actual image description is omitted in over 90 percent of cases. In the case of pure text posters, a reference is made here to special features in the design (multiple columns, highlighting, colouring) or to the languages used (in extreme cases up to seven different ones). At the time of the creation of graphically designed political posters, such things can already be seen as elements of a graphic design. Before the final order signature, the provenances (here in the sense of collection sources) and the preliminary signatures must be indicated. Within the same category, the wall stops are usually arranged chronologically. Pieces that cannot be dated or only dated to the year appear at the end. As a rule, the date of a prescription is decisive for dating. In the case of wall attacks with ordinances of different dates, the last date closer to the publication date is decisive for the chronological classification. In the case of local meetings, the order is alphabetical. A folder with various French food ration cards from the Second World War was taken from the collection and incorporated into the relevant collection J 524, which has since been opened. The collection of wall attacks contains around 2,700 copies without counting the duplicates. The reworking of the wall attacks took place from autumn 1989 to summer 1993 under the direction of the undersigned within the framework of the introductory and intermediate practical courses of the candidates of the 26th, 27th, 28th and 30th training courses. The cooperating candidates were: Hartmut Obst, Andrea Rösler, Petra Schad, Jutta Stockhammer and Martina Wagner from 26., Bettina Heiß, Sybille Kraiss, Barbara Löslein, Jörg Martin, Armin Roether, Daniel Stihler, Martin Walter and Regina Witzmann from 27.Andrea Binz, Armin Braun, Daniela Deckwart, Astrid Groh, Katja Hoffmann and Nicole Röck from the 28th and Michael Bing, Dorothea Kiwitt, Michael Konrad, Manuela Nordmeyer, Annelie Jägersküpper and Christian Schlafner from the 30th training course. Neuenstein, September 1996Dr. Peter Schiffer In the spring of 1998, approximately 370 wall attacks from the time of the First World War, which were presumably delivered there in the 1950s, were transferred from the Heilbronn City Archives to the Main State Archives. The largest part of the collection is made up of wall attacks of the Roubaix stage commandant, the smaller part of those of the VI Army Command and stage inspections 2, 4, 5 and 6 and other editors. With the exception of the pieces kept in the Supplement to fonds J 151 under serial number 2717-2734, these are almost exclusively duplicates or other multiple copies of wall attacks that already exist in fonds J 151. In detail, the following status numbers have been increased by this delivery: 5, 16, 770-773, 775, 778, 780, 783, 788, 794, 872, 874, 875, 877, 879, 881, 883, 885, 887-893, 895-897, 909, 911, 913, 978-1306 (without serial numbers 980-984, 987-990, 993-998, 1001, 1003, 1004, 1006, 1009-1012, 1014, 1022, 1025, 1030, 1031, 1033, 1035, 1036, 1040, 1047, 1050, 1051, 1053, 1057, 1058, 1062-1070, 1075, 1076, 1078-1080, 1092, 1110, 1112, 1114, 1120, 1127, 1130, 1131, 1136, 1138, 1141, 1145, 1155, 1164, 1165, 1167, 1171, 1173, 1174, 1178, 1180, 1183, 1190-1193, 1196, 1203, 1207, 1209, 1213, 1216, 1218-1220, 1222, 1236, 1238, 1240, 1244, 1249, 1250, 1255-1258, 1267, 1272, 1300), 1336, 1477, 1479, 1480, 1602, 2312. May 1998 Eberhard Merk In 2002 Eberhard Merk revised and corrected the title listings and the overall index. In the summer of 2003, Wolf-Dieter Dorn's file of the distortion of the wall attacks, which was only available as a Word document, was converted into an Access database from which the online version of the finding aid book could be generated. The duplicated index with detailed index is still based on the Word document. September 2003 Regina Keyler

In the German colony of East Africa, the administration experimented with the use of zebras as mounts. For this purpose a zebra stud was established in Dar-es-Salaam / Photographer: Scherl

Contains also: Establishment of a Supreme Colonial Court in Hamburg, 1939 "Deutsches Wollen", Journal of the Foreign Organization of the NSDAP, special colonial number, Dec. 1940

Inauguration ceremony of the Protestant Christuskirche in Tsingtau by the officials and officers of the German colonial administration and their family members / Photographer: Scherl

History of the authorities: The territorial reorganization of Germany by Napoleon brought the former margraviate of Baden between 1803 and 1810 almost a doubling of its territory and an enormous expansion of its population, as well as in 1803 the elevation first to electorate and in 1806 finally to grand duchy. This increase in the size of the country and its people made it imperative that the heterogeneous political system be restructured and unified in administrative terms. The organizational edicts issued between 1806 and 1809 served the realization of this goal. In addition to the Privy Council and Deputy Minister Johann Nicolaus Friedrich Brauer (1754 - 1813), the Baden State and Cabinet Minister Sigismund von Reitzenstein (1766 - 1847) was above all responsible for the administrative reorganization and modernization of the Grand Duchy. The Organisational Edict of 26 October 1809 divided the Grand Duchy of Baden into 66 sovereign and 53 ranked offices. The offices of the rank were gradually abolished, the last in 1849, after the final renunciation of their sovereign rights by the rank masters. In the case of the provincial district offices and upper offices, mergers and dissolutions within the framework of organisational changes led to a reduction in the total number of administrative structures in 1936/1938 from originally 66 to 27 after the changes ordered in the administrative structures during the National Socialist era. Originally, the district offices were purely state authorities and as such primarily responsible for general state administration, but also had to carry out tasks of the police and - until the establishment of their own court organisation in 1857 - of the judiciary, in particular civil jurisdiction. As subauthorities, district offices were subordinated to the district directorates as medium instances - the district office Constance, created in 1809, was first subordinated to the directorate of the Seekreis with its seat in Constance. The organisational reform of 1832 enlarged the scope of these funds and replaced the originally ten district directorates, with the exception of the Seekreis, which was named after rivers, with four district governments: Government of the Seekreis, Oberrheinkreis, Mittelrheinkreis, Unterheinkreis. The Constance district office was now under the control of the Seekreis government. Finally, the Law on the Organization of Internal Administration of October 5, 1863 abolished the district governments without substitution as the medium instances of state administration and subordinated the district offices directly to the Ministry of Interior. As a link between local and central authorities, the law of 1863 (amended 1865) installed four state commissionariats, namely Konstanz, Freiburg, Karlsruhe and Mannheim, each of which was headed by a state commissioner with a seat and vote in the ministry. The Constance District Office was assigned to the Sprengel of the Constance State Commissariat. In 1864, the Grand Duchy of Baden was divided into eleven district associations as local self-governing bodies without state tasks, retaining the district offices and state commissionariats as state administrative authorities. The Konstanz district association, based in Konstanz, comprised the state administrative districts of Engen, Konstanz, Meßkirch, Pfullendorf, Radolfzell (abolished in 1872), Stockach and Überlingen. State organ with the district federations was the administrative official of the district, in which the district federation had its seat, as a district captain. The Executive Board of the Constance District Office was also the District Governor of the Constance District Association. The corporate body of the district association was the district assembly of elected members. The Kreisverband Konstanz is thus the actual "ancestor" of the Landkreis Konstanz as a local self-governing body. 1924 the name of the executive committee of the district had already been changed to Landrat. By the county regulation of 24 June 1939 the 1864 established county federations were abolished and replaced by counties. In the Nazi dictatorship, however, their formally maintained powers of self-administration were only on paper, since the decision-making and decision-making powers were transferred from the district assembly to the district chairman appointed by the Ministry of the Interior, who was assisted by three to six district councils only in an advisory capacity. The area and authority of the new administrative district of Constance as a municipal self-governing body was now congruent with the administrative district of the state administration. In the reorganization of the administration after the end of the war in 1945, the legal supervision of the districts, which now became real local self-governing bodies with democratic legitimation, was initially transferred from the state commissioners to the (South) Baden Ministry of the Interior. Following the formation of the federal state of Baden-Württemberg, it was replaced by the Regierungspräsidium Südbaden as the central authority for the administrative district of Südbaden - the Regierungspräsidium or Regierungsbezirk Freiburg since the administrative reform of 1971. The district and later Landratsamt Konstanz was repeatedly changed from its establishment in 1809 to the year 1952. Particularly noteworthy here is the increase due to the abolition of the Radolfzell district office in 1872, whose municipalities were all assigned to the Constance administrative district. Another increase for the administrative district (since 1939 administrative district) Konstanz brought the abolition of the district office Engen in the course of the law over the new division of the internal administration from 30 June 1936 in the course of the, whose official municipalities were distributed on the sprinkles of the district and/or district offices Konstanz, Donaueschingen and Stockach. Further changes in the district of Constance as a result of the Baden-Württemberg district reform, which came into force on 1 January 1973, lie outside the period under consideration and are therefore not mentioned. Inventory history: Before the beginning of the registration work, the files of the Constance District Office/Landratsamt were distributed among the following holdings:a) B 715/1, /2, /3, /4, /5, /6, /7, /8, /9, /10, /11, /12, /13, /14, /15, /16, /17, /18, /19, /20, /21, B 730a/1b) E 24/1c) G 15/1, /2, /3, /4d) W 499/1e) S 51/1The stocks mentioned under a) and e) were first combined to form stock B 715/1 (new). Foreign provenances in these holdings were taken and either assigned to other holdings of the Freiburg State Archives in accordance with their provenance or handed over to the Karlsruhe General State Archives for reasons of competence. in a second step, the holdings of the Constance District Office, which had been formed from files delivered by the Constance District Office under b), were integrated into holdings B 715/1 (new). Thirdly, all files of the provenance Bezirksamt/Landratsamt Konstanz with a term up to and including 1952 were taken from the holdings mentioned under c) and transferred to the present holdings. In well-founded exceptional cases, such as when the proportion of written documents created after 1952 in a file was limited to a few documents, files with a term beyond 1952 were also included in B 715/1.Fourthly, all files of the provenance "Landratsamt Konstanz" from the provisional stock W 499, which contains the written material from the stocks 129 to 228 of the General State Archives Karlsruhe, which reached the State Archives of Freiburg during the mutual equalization of holdings, were also included. The pre-signature 1 contains the last signature used in the Freiburg State Archives before the new indexing and the pre-signature 2 the penultimate signature used in the Freiburg State Archives or the signature formerly used in the Karlsruhe General State Archives. The present holdings were recorded by Solveig Adolph, David Boomers, Anja Fischer, Joanna Genkova, Edgar Hellwig and Wolfgang Lippke. Dr. Christof Strauß was responsible for the planning, organisation and coordination of the work, final correction and final editing of the finding aid was carried out by the undersigned. The stock B 715/1 now comprises 6347 fascicles after its redrawing and measures 72.00 lfd.m.Freiburg, May 2010 Edgar Hellwig

Cottage in the jungle near Iringa in the former colony Deutsch-Ost-Afrika. (Today in Tanzania) / Photographer: Scherl

1st Deputy General Command XIII (K.W.) Army Corps: When Emperor Wilhelm II declared a state of war on the Reich's territory on 31 July 1914, the Prussian Law on the State of Siege of 4 June 1851, which conferred executive power on the military commanders, came into force at the same time (1). The military commanders were the commanding generals of the individual army corps and the governors and commanders of fortresses whose orders had to be obeyed by the civilian authorities. For the first day of mobilization, 2 August 1914, the mobilization plan provided for the establishment of the deputy command authorities, which, after the previous command authorities had moved away, were to take over their command and business area independently on the sixth day of mobilization (2). At the same time, the powers of the military commander were transferred to the deputy commanding general, who led the supreme command of the remaining occupying, replacement and garrison troops. Only responsible to the emperor as the "Most High Warlord", the military commander was not bound to instructions of the Bundesrat, the chancellor or the war ministry. According to Article 68 of the Reich Constitution, the military commander assumed responsibility for handling the state of siege in his area of command. The constitution allowed him to intervene in the legal situation by declaring the intensified state of war, to restrict constitutionally guaranteed freedoms and to establish war courts. In Württemberg, however, the declaration of the intensified state of war was dispensed with, since the existing laws offered a sufficient basis for the ability of the deputy commanding general to act (3). Although the cooperation between military commanders and civilian authorities was not regulated uniformly until October 1918, in Württemberg, similar to Bavaria, there was from the outset a coordination between the military and civilian executive powers. This was particularly encouraged by the union of the offices of Minister of War and Deputy Commanding General in the hands of General von Marchtalers (4). Army corps were from 2.8.1914 to 1.9.1914 general of the infantry retired Otto von Hügel, from 1.9.1914 to 21.1.1916 general of the infantry Otto von Marchtaler and from 21.1.1916 to end of war general of the infantry retired Paul von Schaefer. Chief of Staff was Major General 2. D. Theodor von Stroebel (5) from the beginning to the end of the war. At the beginning of the mobilization, 7 officers and 14 sub-officials transferred to the Deputy General Command, which had its official seat at Kriegsbergstraße 32. It soon became apparent that the business volume was expanding considerably, individual lines of business were growing strongly and new ones were being added, so that an increase in the number of employees and the expansion of the premises became necessary. The new tasks brought a further strong enlargement of the administrative apparatus under the sign of the "Vaterländischen Hilfsdienst" and the Hindenburg Programme (6). The scope of duties of the Deputy General Command included military, economic and political matters. Various authorities were subordinated to him: the Deputy Infantry Brigades, the Landwehr Inspectorate, since 1917 the Military Central Police Station and the Post- and Deport Monitoring Centre (Schubpol) Stuttgart. The distribution of responsibilities changed several times in line with the expansion of tasks. According to the business distribution plan (Appendix), which came into effect on 27 August 1917, the central task was initially to ensure that the field army could meet its needs for crew and war material. The recruitment and training of replacements, the establishment of the "troop units ordered by the War Minister and the transfer of replacement crews to the field troops were priority tasks" (Departments l a and Il b). A subdivision la 3, specially created for horse affairs, which dealt with the recruitment and military and civilian use of horses in the troops and at home, underlines the great importance of the horse as a riding, working and pack animal in the First World War. In addition to military tasks in the narrower sense, including the handling of all officers' affairs (Department Ha), the Deputy General Command was primarily responsible for political and administrative tasks. In August 1917, the Ile defence department was set up, which carried out security measures against feared enemy attacks on the transport network and important war operations by organising railway protection and air defence. The surveillance of railway and border traffic, passport and registration regulations and the inspection of foreigners served to protect military secrets and defend against espionage and sabotage. This area also includes the various efforts made to control correspondence. A central chemical office (department Il e Abwiss.) should uncover and decipher secret documents. Another task of the Deputy General Command was the accommodation and care of prisoners of war in camps and their employment in industry and agriculture (Department Il f). With the duration of the war, the shortage of raw materials and food grew as a result of Germany's exclusion from the world economy. Rationing and coercive management were inevitable. In addition, there was a shortage of labour, which required the mobilisation of all material and human resources. The Hindenburg Programme attempted to adapt the production of war material to the increased demand. The 'Vaterländische Hilfsdienstgesetz' was intended to solve the problem of job creation (7). In November 1916, the Prussian War Ministry established a War Office "for the management of all matters related to the overall conduct of the war concerning the procurement, use and nutrition of workers, as well as the procurement of raw materials, weapons and ammunition," to which the Deputy General Commands were subordinated in all matters of war economics (8) . The Deputy General Command was responsible for the management of the labor market, measures to ensure food security for the population and troops, the allocation of labor and raw materials, and measures to increase industrial production necessary for the needs of war. For example, the control office of the Daimler plants made it possible to monitor arms production, but it also allowed influence to be exerted on the working conditions and wages of the employees and the pricing of the companies. The supervision of political life in the area of command was carried out via § 9b of the Siege Act, which allowed intervention in all areas of public life to maintain security and order (9). The militarization of war-important enterprises served to avoid demonstrations and strikes. The right of association and assembly was restricted. Censorship became a useful instrument to influence the mood of the people in the sense of the rulers. It covered the pre- and post-censorship of the press, letters, telegrams and mail, as well as the import of newspapers and magazines. The communications intended for the public on domestic political issues or military news were also subject to censorship. The attempt to strengthen the will of the population to persevere through official propaganda, called "war enlightenment" (10), was added to this. For this purpose propaganda lectures were established in the deputy general commandos, Captain (ret.) Heinrich Hermelink, Professor of Church History in Marburg, was hired as a reconnaissance officer of the XIII Army Corps. Under Ludendorff the Oberzensurbehörde became the executive organ of the Supreme Army Command, which increasingly restricted the independence of the military commanders. Since April 1917, for all Deputy General Commands, the guidelines of the Press Office, to which the Supreme Censorship Authority was subject, had been decisive for the handling of propaganda and censorship. There was information for workers and women, for the troops war propaganda was carried out as patriotic instruction. Other divisions of the Deputy General Command were the Court Division (Division III), which was responsible for military justice and also dealt with legal and police matters in the civil sector. There was also an Administration and War Food Department (Division IV d) and a Medical Department (Division IV b). Veterinary Department (Division IV d) and Supply Department (Division V), which dealt with war disability care and pension matters (11). After the ceasefire was declared in November 1918, the Deputy General Command remained in place. It organised the demobilisation, collection, repatriation, supply and disbanding of units. Accommodations in Württemberg and the evacuation of occupied territories were among the tasks, as was the deployment of security troops (Department la 1). Subordinate evacuation train distribution commissions based in Heilbronn and Mühlacker were responsible for forwarding the goods and war equipment transported back from the field to the homeland. The demobilisation order for the mobile General Command XIII Army Corps came into force on 11.12.1918. Officers and officials of the General Command transferred to the previous Deputy General Command, which continued business by merging with the former mobile General Command under the new name General Command of the XIIIth Army Corps. In February 1919 the General Command was incorporated into the War Ministry. Individual subdivisions of the la department were dissolved, and existing departments were incorporated into the War Ministry. The Rumpfbehörde was led as department Generalkommando of the war ministry and remained as such also in August 1919, when the war ministry was converted into the Reichswehrbefehlsstelle Württemberg (12). On October 1, 1919, the Württemberg War Ministry ceased to exist. For the authorities and facilities of the former army that were still needed, settlement offices were created under the authority of the Reich Ministry of Defence. On October 1, 1919, the Reichswehr Command Post was transformed into the Winding-up Office of the former Württemberg War Ministry. At the same time, the Department General Command XIII Army Corps and the Higher Resolution Staffs 49 - 51, which had been set up since July 1919, were used to form the Office of the former XIII Army Corps. Under the leadership of the supreme von Hoff, both offices were described as the "Abwicklungsamt Württemberg", at the end of the year as the "Heeresabwicklungsamt" of the former XIIIth Army Corps. At the end of March 1921, the Army Processing Office was dissolved, and when the Deputy General Command was established, Registratur Andrä, who headed the Central Office in 1917, was entrusted with the registry and file management. The files were arranged according to the departments valid at the time of their creation, but were numbered consecutively; each number was subdivided again according to Generalia and Spezialia and, if necessary, with additional letters. Blue or green envelopes were used for the general files and red envelopes for the special files. The files were stapled in accordance with the Prussian model of file management, and the registry remained intact both after the transfer to the General Command and after the merger with the War Ministry; however, the files of the departments and areas that were now transferred to other departments of the War Ministry were given the new department names; some were also spun off. Thus the records of Veterinary Department IV d were handed over to Department A 4 of the War Ministry. During this period of transition, documents have already been segregated and destroyed as a result of political events, but also during relocations or new divisions. Already during the November confusion, the personnel department Il d suffered losses; in February 1919, before the department Ile moved to Olgastraße, 11 files on associations and assemblies, radical social democracy, protective custody and security police as well as lists of suspects were sorted out (13). The files of other departments were transferred to other authorities or spun off because the department became independent. Thus, in May 1919, the prisoner-of-war department Il f became independent as the prisoner-of-war homecoming department (Gehea) (14). The records of the pension department V had been transferred to the main pension office. The remaining files also remained in order in the Heeresabwicklungsamt and from October 1920 formed part of the newly established Korpsarchiv, which from 1921 together with the old Kriegsarchiv became the Reichsarchiv branch office. 2. to the order and distortion of the stock: In the Reichsarchiv branch office, the files were first recorded in 1924 by Maximilian Haldenwang, whereby the order by departments according to the last business distribution plan of 1917 was taken as a basis, the individual units were combined into larger clusters and these were numbered consecutively. However, the files of Gas Protection Division IIc were already missing in this inventory; it is not known when and why they were lost. During subsequent administrative work in the holdings of the War Ministry and the Army Processing Office, various files with the provenance of Deputy General Command were added to the holdings. This includes 50 censored books published during the World War. During the November events, these books were confiscated at the press office of the Deputy General Command and shortly afterwards they were taken over into the war collection of the Court Library. The "military" part of the Court Library was transferred to the Heeresarchiv Stuttgart in 1938. It was assumed that these books had the character of censorship copies, that the remainder of the edition had been stamped, and that when the inventory M 630 was dissolved in 1983, the court files of the Upper War Court of the XIIIth Army Corps were assigned to the inventory; further files from the inventory of the Army Processing Office (M 390) were attached as appendices, which were taken from the General Command XIIIth Army Corps Department of the Ministry of War or from the General Command XIIIth Army Corps Department of the Ministry of War. With the new indexing, which began in 1987, it seemed to make sense to leave the entire tradition with the provenances of the Deputy General Command, General Command (from December 1918) and Department General Command of the War Ministry and the Reichswehr (from February to October 1, 1919) in one inventory, since the registry runs through despite the changes. An exception are the files of those areas that were integrated into other departments of the War Ministry in February 1919; here the files created after this time were, if separable, attached to the corresponding holdings. Thus files of the horse department la 3, which after February 1919 merged into the department A 10 of the War Ministry, as well as files of the officer affairs department Ha, which after February 1919 were processed by the personnel department of the War Ministry, were classified in the stocks M 1/4 and M 1/5 respectively. A bundle of files of the "Leitung der Ausflüge für verwundete Stuttgarter Lazarette 1918/20", an independent association, whose files had apparently come to the Army Processing Office after its dissolution and remained with the inventory of 1924, was also separated. It was set up as a separate portfolio in line with provenance (M 324). Conversely, the archival records previously treated as appendices to the holdings and removed from M 390 were integrated into the corresponding departments. In addition, reference is made to individual pieces of documents of the provenance of the former XIII Army Corps's Winding-up Office which are in the inventory and could not be separated because of the thread-stitching. The files of the Court Division III also remained together, although they extend beyond October 1, 1919, since they were continued as a continuous registry also in the time of the Army Processing Office independently and independently. Two tufts from the Herzog Albrecht (M 30/1) Army Group stock were classified according to provenance. The internal order of the stock was maintained in principle. Again, the business distribution plan of April 1917 was used as a basis. This means that even subjects which cannot actually be expected from the title of the respective department remained in its registry context. The heterogeneity of the subjects within a differently designated department is often due to the fact that numerous subject areas belonged earlier to other departments and were only assigned to another department by the business distribution plan of August 1917 - apparently in the course of the streamlining of the authority (cf. table of contents). Within the departments, titles were arranged according to objective criteria, so that the order of the fascicles often differs from the old index. The old bundle count was replaced by a new consecutive numbering of the tufts. A concordance of the old bundle signatures and new bundle numbers was added to make it easier to find cited passages. The individual file units remained, they were only rearranged in exceptional cases. The books (censorship copies) handed over in 1938 were correctly classified by the press department, and the main titles, as they were given in the Haldenwang repertory on the basis of the inscriptions, were also preserved in the individual title recordings. Because of the high source value of the files, which after the losses of the Second World War were of exemplary importance, also as a replacement for the lost Prussian tradition, detailed notes on contents appeared justified; this all the more so as the main title of the thread-stitched and therefore indivisible files sometimes only most incompletely reflects the contents. The notes should clarify both the content and the structure of the file clusters. However, not all sketches, maps and plans could be ejected individually, as they are available in too large a number and are often to be expected anyway. Only where a tuft of files reaches beyond the narrower provenance of "Stellvertretendes Generalkommando" was the further provenance noted.In order to compensate for the disadvantage of the heterogeneity of the files and the partly unusual order, a detailed subject index was compiled which, apart from the keywords "XIII. army corps" and "Württemberg", brings together as far as possible all narrow terms related to the subject matter of the holdings, partly in two parts. From March 1988 to August 1989, the stock was arranged and listed by the scientific employee Anita Raith under the direction of Dr. Bernhard Theil as part of a job creation scheme, who also greatly revised the introduction. Archive employee Werner Urban played a decisive role in the creation of the final editorial office and the indices. The packaging and installation was carried out in August 1989 by working student Angelika Hofmeister. 1144 tufts (= 29.6 m) were in stock. Comments: (1) Article 68 of the Constitution of the Reich provided for a Reich Law regulating the state of war, which, however, did not exist until the end of the Empire. Militär und Innenpolitk im Weltkrieg 1914 - 1918, edited by Wilhelm Deist, Düsseldorf 1970, vol. l, p. XXXI; see also HStAS E 130a Bü. 1146 Richtlinien des Preußischen Kriegsministeriums zum verschärften Kriegszustand (Letter of 25. July 1914)(2) HStAS M 33/1 Bund 80, Annexes to the mobilization provision, cf. also § 20.7 of the mobilization plan 1914/15 in M 1/2 vol. 32(3) Deist (wie Anm. 1) Bd. l, p. 13 ff. besonders Anm. 2(4) Ebd. S. XLV(5) HStAS M 430/2 Bü. 942, 1354, 1795, 2146(6) In March 1917, the Deputy General Command had 134 budgeted officer positions, actually 317 persons were employed. The accommodation of the departments in M 77/1 Bü. 632(7) Deist (as Note 1) p. 506 ff.:(8) HStAS M 1/4 vol. 1272, reprinted at Deist (as Note 1) p. 508 ff., cf. ibid. XLVII(9) Gesetz über den Siegeerungszustand, Handbuch der during des war issued Verordnungen des Stellvertretenden Generalkommandos XIII. (Kgl. Württ.) Armeekorps mit Einschluster nicht veröffentlichtter Erlasses, Stuttgart 1918, p. l ff.(10) Deist (wie Anm. 1) S. LXV(11) The memorandums, which report on the experiences of individual departments during the mobilization, also contain information on the structure, personnel and delimitation of the working areas of a department (fonds M 77/2)(12) Cf. Appendix III of the Introduction to the Repertory of the Collection M 390(13) M 77/1 Bü. 935(14) The files of this department, which is subordinate to the Army Office for the Settlement of Armed Forces, are now in the collection M 400/3 Literature: Deist, Wilhelm: Zur Institution des Militärbefehlshabers im Ersten Weltkrieg. In: Jahrbuch für die Geschichte Mittel- und Ostdeutschlands 13/17 (1965) S. 222 - 240Mai, Günther: Kriegswirtschaft und Arbeiterbewegung in Württemberg 1914 - 1918. 1983Ders: Das Ende des Kaiserreichs, Politik und Kriegsführung im Ersten Weltkrieg (Deutsche Geschichte der neuesten Zeit) 1987Matuschka, Edgar, Graf von: Organisation History of the Army 1890 - 1918 In: German Military History in 6 Volumes 1648 - 1939 Ed. by the Militärgeschichtlichen Forschungsamt, 3.1983 S 157 - 282Militär- und Innenpolitik im Weltkrieg 1914 - 1918, edited by Wilhelm Deist (Quellen zur Geschichte des Parlamentarismus und der politischen Parteien, 2. Reihe Bd. 1,1 und 1,2) 1970Moser, Otto von: The Württembergers in the World War. A History, Memory and Folk Book 2.1928Stuttgart, October 1989Anita RaithBernhard Theil

Samoan devices. / Photographer: Scherl

History of the authorities: The territorial reorganization of Germany by Napoleon brought the former margraviate of Baden between 1803 and 1810 almost a doubling of its territory and an enormous expansion of its population, as well as in 1803 the elevation first to electorate and in 1806 finally to grand duchy. This increase in the size of the country and its people made it imperative that the heterogeneous political system be restructured and unified in administrative terms. The organizational edicts issued between 1806 and 1809 served the realization of this goal. In addition to the Privy Council and Deputy Minister Johann Nicolaus Friedrich Brauer (1754 - 1813), who introduced an archive system based on the principle of pertinence as early as 1801, which determined the work of the General State Archives as well as the registries of the Baden authorities for a century and continues to this day, it was the Baden State and Cabinet Minister Sigismund von Reitzenstein (1766 - 1847) who played a decisive role in the reorganization and administrative modernization of the Grand Duchy. Reitzenstein, who had held the office of bailiff of the Rötteln dominion from 1792 to 1795 and was based in Lörrach, is considered to be the real creator of the modern Baden state in the 19th century. The organisational edict of 26 October 1809 divided the Grand Duchy into 66 sovereign and 53 ranked offices. While the latter were gradually abolished until 1849 at the latest, the district offices and the upper offices were reduced in total over time by merging and abolishing them. originally, the district offices were purely state authorities and as such primarily responsible for general state administration, but also had to carry out tasks of the police and - until the establishment of their own court organisation in 1857 - of the judiciary, in particular the civil judiciary. As subauthorities, they were subordinated to the district directorates as medium instances - the district office Lörrach, created in 1809, first to the directorate of the Wiesenkreis with seat in Lörrach, then after its abolishment in 1815 to the directorate of the Dreisamkreis with seat in Freiburg. In 1832 the originally ten district directorates, named after rivers, were replaced by the district governments of the four districts - Seekreis, Oberrheinkreis, Mittelrheinkreis, Unterheinkreis - and the district office Lörrach was subordinated to the government of the Oberrheinkreis. Finally, the Law on the Organization of Internal Administration of October 5, 1863 abolished the district governments without substitution as the medium instances of state administration and subordinated the district offices directly to the Ministry of Interior. As a link between local and central authorities, the law of 1863 (amended 1865) installed four state commissionariats - Constance, Freiburg, Karlsruhe, Mannheim - each headed by a state commissioner who had a seat and vote in the ministry. The district office Lörrach was assigned to the Sprengel of the Landeskommissär in Freiburg. Furthermore, in 1864, the Grand Duchy was divided into eleven district associations as local self-governing bodies, retaining the district offices as state administrative authorities. The district association Lörrach with seat in Lörrach comprised the sprinkles of the national district offices Lörrach, Müllheim, Schönau and Schopfheim. State organ with the district federations was the administrative official of the district, in which the district federation had its seat, as a district captain. Thus the executive committee of the district office Lörrach was in personal union at the same time district captain of the district association Lörrach. The corporate body of the district association was the district assembly of elected members. The district association Lörrach is thus the actual "ancestor" of the today's administrative district Lörrach as local self-administration body. Already in 1924 the name for the executive committee of the administrative district had been changed into Landrat. By the administrative district order of 24 June 1939 the 1864 established district federations were abolished and replaced by districts. During the Nazi dictatorship, however, their formally maintained powers of self-administration were only on paper, since the decision-making and decision-making powers were transferred from the district assembly to the district chairman appointed by the Ministry of the Interior, who was assisted by three to six district councils only in an advisory capacity. Area and authority of the new administrative district Lörrach as local self-administration body was now congruent with the administrative district of the state administration. When the administration was reorganised after the end of the war in 1945, the legal supervision of the districts, which now again became genuine local self-government bodies with democratic legitimation, was initially transferred from the state commissioners to the (South) Baden Ministry of the Interior. After the formation of the Federal State of Baden-Württemberg, the Regional Council of South Baden took its place as the central authority for the administrative district of South Baden - since the administrative reform of 1971, the Regional Council and the administrative district of Freiburg. The district and later district administration of Lörrach was repeatedly changed from its establishment in 1809 to the year 1952. When it was founded, the Lörrach District Office initially comprised 31 towns and municipalities: Binzen, Brombach, Degerfelden, Efringen, Egringen, Eimeldingen, Fischingen, Grenzach, Haagen, Hägelberg, Haltingen, Hauingen, Herten, Höllstein, Hüsingen, Huttingen, Inzlingen, Istein, churches, Lörrach, Märkt, Ötlingen, Rümmingen, Schallbach, Steinen, Tumringen, Tüllingen, Weil, Wittlingen and Wyhlen.With the dissolution of the Kandern district in 1819, the Lörrach district gained a further 11 towns and municipalities: Blansingen, Hertingen, Holzen, Kandern, Kleinkems, Mappach, Riedlingen, Tannenkirch, Welmlingen, Wintersweiler and Wollbach. At the same time he was assigned the municipality of Warmbach, which until then had belonged to the administrative district of Säckingen. In 1921 this was returned to the district office in Säckingen. Further changes brought the incorporation of Stetten in 1902 and the incorporation of Tumringen and Tüllingen into the town of Lörrach in 1935. The law of 30 June 1936 on the new division of the internal administration brought a considerable change to the administrative district. While the municipalities of Hertingen, Kandern, Riedlingen and Tannenkirch were assigned to the district office of Müllheim, the administrative district of Lörrach received the majority of the municipalities of the abolished district office of Schopfheim. Exceptions were Bernau, Brandenberg, Todtnau and Todtnauberg, which were assigned to the administrative district of Neustadt, and Dossenbach, Minseln, Nordschwaben, Todtmoos and Wehr, which came to the administrative district of Säckingen. Among the communities acquired by the dissolved Schopfheim District Office were also those that had originally been incorporated into the Schönau District Office, because when the latter was abolished in 1924, all the communities of the Schönau District Office had been integrated into the Schopfheim Sprengel. In 1939 the municipalities of Aftersteg and Muggenbrunn fell from the district of Lörrach to the district of Neustadt; however, this was reversed in 1945. At the same time, the municipalities of Todtnau, Brandenberg (since 1936 united with Todtnau) and Todtnauberg, which had been incorporated into the administrative district of Lörrach after the dissolution of the Schopfheim Neustadt district, were incorporated into the administrative district of Lörrach. Inventory history: Before the beginning of the registration work, the files of the Lörrach District Office were distributed among the following holdings:a) B 719/1, /2, /3, /4, /5, /6, /7, /8, /9, /10, /11, /12, /13, /14, /15 as well as B 712/1 and B 732/1b) G 17/1, /2, /3, /4, /5, /6, /7c) W 499.Initially, the stocks mentioned under a) were combined to form stock B 719/1 (new). In a second step, all files of the provenance Bezirksamt/Landratsamt Lörrach with a term up to and including 1952 were taken from the holdings mentioned under b) and transferred to the existing holdings. The inventory G 17/3 was completely merged into B 719/1. In well-founded exceptional cases, such as when the proportion of documents created after 1952 in a file was limited to a few documents, even files with a term beyond 1952 were included in B 719/1.Thirdly, all files of the provenance "Landratsamt Lörrach" from the provisional stock W 499, which contains written material from the stocks 129 to 228 of the General State Archives Karlsruhe that has been transferred to the Freiburg State Archives for mutual compensation of holdings, were also included. The pre-signature 1 contains the last signature used in the Freiburg State Archives before the new indexing and the pre-signature 2 the penultimate signature used in the Freiburg State Archives or the signature formerly used in the Karlsruhe General State Archives. The present holdings were recorded by Volker Beau, David Boomers, Joanna Genkova, Edgar Hellwig and Wolfgang Lippke. Dr. Christof Strauß was responsible for supervising the work, while the undersigned was responsible for the final editing and correction of the finding aid. The stock B 719/1 now comprises 8348 fascicles after its redrawing and measures 82.10 lfd.m.Freiburg, July 2008 Edgar Hellwig

Contains among other things: uprising of the local population

History of the authorities: The territorial reorganization of Germany by Napoleon brought the former margraviate of Baden between 1803 and 1810 almost a doubling of its territory and an enormous expansion of its population, as well as in 1803 the elevation first to electorate and in 1806 finally to grand duchy. This increase in land and people made it imperative to reorganize and standardize the administrative structures of the administratively heterogeneous state. The organisational edicts issued between 1806 and 1809 as well as the further changes in the administrative structures of the Grand Duchy and the State of Baden made during the 19th and 20th centuries served to achieve these goals. In addition to the Privy Council and Deputy Minister Johann Nicolaus Friedrich Brauer (1754 - 1813), it was the Baden State and Cabinet Minister Sigismund von Reitzenstein (1766 - 1847) who played a decisive role in the administrative reorganization and modernization of the Grand Duchy at the beginning of the 19th century. The organisational rescript of 26 November 1809 divided the Grand Duchy of Baden into 66 sovereign and 53 ranked offices. While the latter were gradually abolished or converted into provincial district offices by 1849 at the latest, the state district offices and high offices were merged and abolished in the course of time to reduce their total number. Originally, the district authorities were purely state authorities and as such were primarily responsible for general state administration and for state supervision of the actions of municipal administrations in their respective districts, but they also had to carry out tasks of the police and - until the establishment of their own court organisation in 1857 - of the judiciary, in particular civil jurisdiction. With the Peace of Pressburg (1805) the territories of Upper Austria in Breisgau were united with the Electorate and from 1806 the Grand Duchy of Baden. The district office Müllheim was established in 1809, the place of the official seat was elevated to a town in the following year. The district offices established in 1809 were assigned to ten districts, whose executive bodies were the district directorates. The district office Müllheim belonged to the Wiesenkreis with official seat in Lörrach. The administrative reform of 1832 replaced the meanwhile remaining six district directorates as central authorities by the district governments of four districts - Seekreis, Oberrheinkreis, Mittelrheinkreis, Unterrheinkreis ¿ and assigned the district of Müllheim to the Oberrheinkreis with administrative seat in Freiburg. With the Act of 5 October 1863 on the Organisation of Internal Administration, effective from 1 October 1864, these four districts were dissolved, the district governments were abolished without substitution as the central bodies of state administration and the district offices were directly subordinated to the Ministry of the Interior, with the number of offices being reduced to 59 and from 1872 to 52 (from 1898 again 53). At the same time, in 1864, the Grand Duchy was divided into eleven district associations as local self-governing bodies without state responsibilities, retaining the district offices as state administrative authorities. The district of Müllheim was assigned to the district of Lörrach. The district offices and district associations in the four newly formed state commissioner districts of Constance, Freiburg, Karlsruhe and Mannheim were combined to handle state administrative supervision. At their head was a state commissioner with a seat and vote in the Grand Ducal Ministry of the Interior. The district office Müllheim was assigned to the Landeskommissärbezirk Freiburg.1924 the number of district offices was reduced again, from 53 to 40. 1936/1938 the number of district offices was reduced again, from 40 to 27. In addition the 1864 established district associations were abolished, and the previous districts received the designation Landkreise from 1 January 1939. The district administrations thus became a mixed construction of state administration and local self-administration. In the Nazi dictatorship, however, their formally maintained powers of self-administration were only on paper, since the decision-making and decision-making powers were transferred from the district assembly to the district chairman appointed by the Ministry of the Interior, who was assisted by three to six district councils only in an advisory capacity. In the reorganization of the administration after the end of the war in 1945, the legal supervision of the administrative districts, which continued to perform state tasks but now really also became local self-governing bodies with democratic legitimation, was initially transferred from the state commissioners to the (southern) Baden Ministry of the Interior. After the formation of the federal state of Baden-Württemberg, it was replaced by the Regional Council of South Baden as the central authority for the administrative district of South Baden. The district area reform in Baden-Württemberg, which came into force on 1 January 1973, brought an end to the district of Müllheim, whose towns and municipalities were for the most part incorporated into the district of Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald. In the 160 years of its existence, the district office and district administrator's office of Müllheim has undergone repeated changes which cannot be explained in detail here. The district received the largest growth through the dissolution of the Staufen District in 1936, when the municipalities in the southern part of the district were assigned to the Müllheim District Office, which included the following towns and municipalities: Auggen with Hach, Badenweiler, Ballrechten with Kastelhof, Betberg, Britzingen, Buggingen, Dattingen, Dottingen, Gallenweiler, Gittingen, Hügelheim, Laufen, Lipburg, Müllheim, Muggardt, Neuenburg, Niederweiler, Oberweiler, St. Ilgen, Schweighof with the Sirnitzer Höfe, Sehringen, Sulzburg with Sengelberger Hof, Vögisheim, Zienken and Zunzingen. When it was dissolved, the district of Müllheim included the following locations: Auggen, Badenweiler, Ballrechten (today Ballrechten-Dottingen), Bamlach (today district of Bad Bellingen, district of Lörrach), Bad Bellingen (today district of Lörrach), Bremgarten (today district of Hartheim), Britzingen (today district of Müllheim), Buggingen, Dattingen (today part of Müllheim), Dottingen (today Ballrechten-Dottingen), Eschbach, Feldberg (today part of Müllheim), Feuerbach (today part of Kandern, district of Lörrach), Gallenweiler (today part of Heitersheim), Grißheim (today district of Neuenburg), Grunern (today district of Staufen), Heitersheim, Hertingen (today district of Bad Bellingen, district of Lörrach), Hügelheim (today district of Müllheim), Kandern (today district of Lörrach), Bad Krozingen, Laufen (today part of Sulzburg), Liel (today part of Schliengen, district of Lörrach), Lipburg (today part of Badenweiler), Malsburg (today Malsburg-Marzell, district of Lörrach), Marzell (today Malsburg-Marzell, district of Lörrach), Mauchen (today district of Schliengen, district of Lörrach), Müllheim, Neuenburg, Niedereggenen (today district of Schliengen, district of Lörrach), Niederweiler (today district of Müllheim), Obereggenen (today district of Schliengen, district of Lörrach), Obermünstertal (today Münstertal), Rheinweiler (today district of Bad Bellingen, district of Lörrach), Riedlingen (today district of Kandern, district of Lörrach), Schlatt (today district of Bad Krozingen), Schliengen (today district of Lörrach), Schweighof (today part of Badenweiler), Seefelden (today part of Buggingen), Sitzenkirch (today part of Kandern, district of Lörrach), Staufen, Steinenstadt (today part of Neuenburg), Sulzburg, Tannenkirch (today part of Kandern), County Lörrach), Tunsel (today district of Bad Krozingen), Untermünstertal (today Münstertal), Vögisheim (today district of Müllheim), Wettelbrunn (today district of Staufen), Zienken (today district of Neuenburg), Zunzingen (today district of Müllheim). Inventory history: Before the beginning of the registration work, the files of the district office / district office Müllheim were distributed to the following inventories:a) B 725/1, /2, /3, /4, /5, /6, /7, /8, /9, /10, /11, /12, /13, /14, /16; B 793/1; B 793/2b) E 27/1, /3 c) G 18/1, /2, /4, /6, /7, /8, /9, /13, /14, /15, /16, /17, /18, /19The stocks mentioned under a) were first combined to form stock B 725/1 (new). In the process, foreign provenances with a term ending after 1806 and before 1953 were taken and assigned to other holdings of the Freiburg State Archives according to their provenance. In a second step, the holdings listed under b), which had been formed from documents delivered by the District Office Müllheim, were integrated into the holdings B 725/1 (new). Thirdly, the files from the holdings mentioned under c) with the provenance Bezirksamt/Landratsamt Müllheim were incorporated into B 725/1 (new). From all three groups of holdings, files with the end of their term before 1806 and after 1952 were separated and transferred to the General State Archive Karlsruhe or to the District Archive Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald. In justified exceptional cases, e.g. when the proportion of written material created after 1952 in a file was limited to a few documents, files with a duration beyond 1952 were also included in B 725/1 (new).Notes for use:Concordances in the printed version of the finding aid book for B 725/1 (new) show all presignatures of the individual files. The pre-signature 1 contains the last signature used in the Freiburg State Archives before the new indexing and the pre-signature 2 the penultimate signature used in the Freiburg State Archives or the signature formerly used in the Karlsruhe General State Archives. The present holdings were recorded by Corina Giesin, Edgar Hellwig, Dr. Kurt Hochstuhl, Annika Scheumann, Bernhard Schüly, Anja Steeger and Dr. Christof Strauß. Dr. Christof Strauß was responsible for the planning, organisation and coordination of the work, final correction and final editing of the finding aid was carried out by the undersigned with the assistance of Anja Steeger. The stock B 725/1 now comprises 13018 fascicles and measures 102.40 lfd.m.Freiburg, December 2012Edgar Hellwig

History of the authorities: The territorial reorganization of Germany by Napoleon brought the former margraviate of Baden between 1803 and 1810 almost a doubling of its territory and an enormous expansion of its population, as well as in 1803 the elevation first to electorate and in 1806 finally to grand duchy. This increase in land and people made it imperative to reorganize and standardize the administrative structures of the administratively heterogeneous state. The organizational edicts issued between 1806 and 1809 served the realization of this goal. In addition to the Privy Council and Deputy Minister Johann Nicolaus Friedrich Brauer (1754 - 1813), it was the Baden State and Cabinet Minister Sigismund von Reitzenstein (1766 - 1847) who played a decisive role in the administrative reorganization and modernization of the Grand Duchy. The Grand Duchy of Baden was divided into 66 sovereign and 53 rank sovereign offices by the organisational edict of 26 October 1809. While the latter were gradually abolished again by 1849 at the latest, the total number of state district offices and upper offices was reduced in the course of time by merging and abolishing them. originally, the district offices were purely state authorities and as such primarily responsible for general state administration, but also had to perform tasks of the police and - until the establishment of their own court organisation in 1857 - of the judiciary, in particular civil jurisdiction. As subordinate authorities, they were subordinated to the district directorates as intermediate instances. The upper office created in 1807 and from 1809 the district office Säckingen belonged to the province of the Upper Rhine and was assigned to the directorate of the Wiesenkreis with seat in Lörrach. With the organisational reform of 1832, the originally ten district directorates, named after rivers (exception: Seekreis), were replaced by the district governments of the four districts - Seekreis, Oberrheinkreis, Mittelrheinkreis, Unterheinkreis - and the district office of Säckingen was subordinated to the government of the Oberrheinkreis based in Freiburg. As a link between local and central authorities, the law of 1863 (amended 1865) then installed the four state commissioner districts of Constance, Freiburg, Karlsruhe and Mannheim, each headed by a state commissioner who had his seat and vote in the Grand Ducal Ministry of the Interior. The district office Säckingen was assigned to the Sprengel of the Landeskommissärbezirk Konstanz. Furthermore, in 1864, the Grand Duchy was divided into eleven district associations as local self-governing bodies without state responsibilities, retaining the district offices as state administrative authorities. The district Säckingen formed together with the sprinkles of the district offices Bonndorf, Jestetten (1872 finally abolished), St. Blasien, and Waldshut the district association Waldshut with seat in Waldshut. Finally, the Law on the Organization of Internal Administration of October 5, 1863 abolished the district governments without substitution as the medium instances of state administration and subordinated the district offices directly to the Ministry of Interior. Already in 1924 the name for the executive committee of the district had been changed to Landrat. By the county regulation of 24 June 1939 the 1864 established county federations were abolished and replaced by counties. The district administrations thus became a mixed construction of state administration and local self-administration. In the Nazi dictatorship, however, their formally maintained powers of self-administration were only on paper, since the decision-making and decision-making powers were transferred from the district assembly to the district chairman appointed by the Ministry of the Interior, who was assisted by three to six district councils only in an advisory capacity. In the reorganization of the administration after the end of the war in 1945, the legal supervision of the administrative districts, which continued to perform state tasks but now really also became local self-governing bodies with democratic legitimation, was initially transferred from the state commissioners to the (southern) Baden Ministry of the Interior. Following the formation of the federal state of Baden-Württemberg, the regional council of South Baden replaced it as the central authority for the administrative district of South Baden - since the administrative reform of 1971, the regional council or administrative district of Freiburg. According to the Großherzoglich Badischen Regierungsblatt of December 9, 1809, the following locations belonged to the district office of Säckingen in addition to the town of Säckingen itself: Rippolingen, Katzenmoos, Harpolingen, Rickenbach, Hennematt, Bergalingen, Jungholz, Egg, Willaringen, Willadingen, von Zweyer'sche Lehenhof, Wickartsmühle and Schweikhof, Atdorf, Hornberg, Hütten, Rütte, Altenschwand, Glassworks, Hottingen, Obergebisbach, Untergebisbach, Herrischried, Herrischrieder Säge, Herrischrieder Rütte, Herrischwand, Schellenberg, Giersbach, Lochhäuser, Wehrhalden, Lindauer Lehenhof, Warmbach, Nollingen, Karsau, Riedmatt. Due to the frequent changes in the layout of the district sprinkles and the dissolution and re-establishment of district offices on the Upper Rhine, the sprinkles of the Säckingen District and District Office were repeatedly changed from their establishment in 1807 to the year 1952. A complete and detailed account of all these administrative changes would go too far here. So here are just a few examples: The official sprinkler received considerable growth when the Kleinlaufenburg district office, which had existed for only a few years, was dissolved. In addition to the city of Kleinlaufenburg itself, 30 towns were added to the district of Säckingen: Hauenstein, Murg, Rüttehof, Rhina, Diggeringen, Binzgen, Hänner, Oberhof, Niederhof, Zechenwihl, Görwihl, Oberwihl, Rüßwihl, Lochmühle, Tiefenstein, Rotzingen, Burg, Hartschwand, Strittmatt, Engelschwand, Hogschür, Lochmatt, Segeten, Hochsal, Rotzel, Luttingen, Grünholz, Stadenhausen, Schachen and Niederwihl. Also the places of the 1813 abolished office Wehr came to the district Säckingen. The administrative district received further growth with the abolition of the Schopfheim district on 1 October 1936 in the course of the reorganisation of the state of Baden, as the municipalities of the abolished district were divided between the two districts of Lörrach and Säckingen. Stock history: Before the beginning of the registration work, the files of the district office / district office Säckingen were distributed to the following stocks:(a) B 689/1; B 718/1; B 726a/1; B 733/1; B 733/2; B 733/3; B 733/4; B 733/5; B 733/6; B 733/7; B 733/8; B 733/9; B 733/10; B 733/11, B 733/12, B 733/13, B 733/14, B 733/15, B 733/16, B 733/17, B 733/18, B 733/19, B 733/21, B 733/22, B 733/23, B 733/24; B 733/25; B 750a/1 as well as B 37/7;b) G 23/1; G 23/2; G 23/3; G 23/4; G 23/5; G 23/6; G 23/7; G 23/8; G 23/9; G 23/11; G 23/13; G 23/16; G 23/17; G 23/18The stocks mentioned under a) were first integrated into the existing stocks B 733/1. The files of the Nollingen, Beuggen, Wehr and Kleinlaufenburg district offices, which had existed for only a short time, were also integrated into this collection. Foreign provenances in all these holdings were taken and either assigned to other holdings of the Freiburg State Archives in accordance with their provenance or transferred to the Karlsruhe General State Archives for reasons of competence. In a second step, the holdings mentioned under b), which had been formed by the segregation of prior provenances from file deliveries of the Säckingen District Office, were transferred to the holdings B 733/1 of the Säckingen District Office, provided that the term of the files did not exceed 1952. In justified exceptional cases, e.g. when the proportion of written material created after 1952 in a file was limited to a few documents, even files with a duration beyond 1952 were included in B 733/1.Notes for use:- Concordances in the paper index show all presignatures of the individual files. The signature last used in the Freiburg State Archives before the new recording is found under Presignature 1 and the signature second to last in the Freiburg State Archives or the signature formerly used in the Karlsruhe General State Archives under Presignature 2. The present holdings were recorded by Solveig Adolph, David Boomers, Joanna Genkova, Corinna Giesin, Edgar Hellwig, Wolfgang Lippke and Annika Scheumann. Dr. Christof Strauß was responsible for the planning, organisation and coordination of the work, final correction and final editing of the finding aid was carried out by the undersigned. The stock B 733/1 now comprises 7361 fascicles and measures 62.75 m. Freiburg, August 2011 Edgar Hellwig

History of the authorities: The territorial reorganization of Germany by Napoleon brought the former margraviate of Baden between 1803 and 1810 almost a doubling of its territory and an enormous expansion of its population, as well as in 1803 the elevation first to electorate and in 1806 finally to grand duchy. This increase in the size of the country and its people made it imperative that the heterogeneous political system be restructured and unified in administrative terms. The organizational edicts issued between 1806 and 1809 served the realization of this goal. In addition to the Privy Council and Deputy Minister Johann Nicolaus Friedrich Brauer (1754 - 1813), it was the Baden State and Cabinet Minister Sigismund von Reitzenstein (1766 - 1847) who played a decisive role in the reorganization and administrative modernization of the Grand Duchy. The Organisational Edict of 26 October 1809 divided the Grand Duchy of Baden into 66 sovereign and 53 ranked offices. While the latter were gradually abolished again by 1849 at the latest, the total number of district offices and upper offices was reduced in the course of time by merging and abolishing them. originally the district offices were purely state authorities and as such primarily responsible for general state administration, but also had to perform tasks of the police and - until the establishment of their own court organisation in 1857 - of the judiciary, in particular civil jurisdiction. As sub authorities they were subordinated to the district directorates as middle instances - the district office Villingen created in 1809 first to the directorate of the Danube district with seat in Villingen. In 1819 the Donaukreis was dissolved and united with the Seekreis. The originally ten district directorates, named after rivers (exception: Seekreis), were replaced by the district governments of the four districts - Seekreis, Oberrheinkreis, Mittelrheinkreis, Unterheinkreis - with the organisational reform of the year 1832 and the district office Villingen was subordinated to the government of the Seekreis. Finally, the Law on the Organization of Internal Administration of October 5, 1863 abolished the district governments without substitution as the medium instances of state administration and subordinated the district offices directly to the Ministry of Interior. As a link between local and central authorities, the law of 1863 (amended 1865) installed four state commissionariats - Constance, Freiburg, Karlsruhe, Mannheim - each headed by a state commissioner who had a seat and vote in the ministry. The district office Villingen was assigned to the Sprengel of the Landeskommissariat Konstanz. Furthermore, in 1864, the Grand Duchy was divided into eleven district associations as local self-governing bodies without state responsibilities, retaining the district offices as state administrative authorities. The district association Villingen with seat in Villingen comprised the national administrative districts Donaueschingen, Triberg (up to its dissolution in the year 1924) and Villingen. State organ with the district federations was the administrative official of the district, in which the district federation had its seat, as a district captain. Thus the executive committee of the district office Villingen was in personal union at the same time district captain of the district association Villingen. The corporate body of the district association was the district assembly of elected members. The district association Villingen is thus the actual "ancestor" of the former administrative district Villingen and/or, since 1973, of the today's administrative district Schwarzwald-Baar as local self-administration body. Already in 1924 the name for the executive committee of the administrative district had been changed into Landrat. By the administrative district order of 24 June 1939 the 1864 established district federations were abolished and replaced by districts. In the Nazi dictatorship, however, their formally maintained powers of self-administration were only on paper, since the decision-making and decision-making powers were transferred from the district assembly to the district chairman appointed by the Ministry of the Interior, who was assisted by three to six district councils only in an advisory capacity. Area and authority of the new administrative district Villingen as local self-administration body was now congruent with the administrative district of the state administration. In the reorganization of the administration after the end of the war in 1945, the legal supervision of the districts, which now became real local self-governing bodies with democratic legitimation, was initially transferred from the state commissioners to the (South) Baden Ministry of the Interior. After the formation of the federal state of Baden-Württemberg, the Regional Council of South Baden took its place as the central authority for the administrative district of South Baden - since the administrative reform of 1971, the Regional Council and the administrative district of Freiburg, respectively. The district and later district administration office of Villingen underwent repeated changes from its establishment in 1809 to the year 1952, especially in the first half of the 19th century. In 1834, the administrative district of Villingen comprised 25 municipalities in addition to the town of Villingen itself: Biesingen, Dauchingen, Dürrheim, Fischbach, Grüningen, Kappel, Klengen, Königsfeld, Marbach, Mönchweiler, Neuhausen, Niedereschach, Oberbaldingen, Obereschach, Oberkirnach, Öfingen, Pfaffenweiler, Rietheim, Schabenhausen, Stockburg, Sunthausen, Überauchen, Unterkirnach, Weiler and Weilersbach. In 1850, the city of Vöhrenbach and the municipalities of Langenbach, Linach and Schönenbach were assigned to the administrative district of Villingen from the administrative district of Triberg. The latter received further growth in 1857, when the official district of Hornberg was merged with that of Triberg, namely the towns and municipalities of Brigach, Buchenberg, Peterzell and St. Georgen. When the district office of Hornberg was dissolved in 1924, further towns were added to the Sprengel of the district office of Villingen. The law on the new division of the internal administration of 30 June 1936 did not bring any serious changes to the district office, but since 1939 the district administration office of Villingen, on the other hand, did not bring any serious changes to its district: only the municipality of Grüningen had to be handed over to the district or district administration office of Donaueschingen.The changes in the district of Villingen as a result of the district reform, which came into force on 1 January 1973, with the formation of the district of Schwarzwald-Baar by unification of the districts of Villingen and Donaueschingen are outside the period under consideration and are therefore not mentioned. Inventory history: Before the beginning of the registration work, the files of the Villingen District Office were distributed among the following holdings:a) B 748/1, /2, /3, /4, /5, /6, /7, /8, B 812/1b) E 33/1c) G 24/1, /3, /4, G 28/1d) W 499The holdings mentioned under a) were first combined to form the holdings B 748/1 (new). In a second step, the inventory mentioned under b), which had been formed by the separation of preproveniences from file deliveries of the Freiburg Regional Council, was integrated into the inventory B 748/1 (new) of the Villingen District Office. Thirdly, all files of the provenance Bezirksamt/Landratsamt Villingen with a term up to and including 1952 were taken from the holdings mentioned under c) and transferred to the present holdings. In well-founded exceptional cases, such as when the proportion of documents created after 1952 in a file was limited to a few documents, even files with a term beyond 1952 were included in B 748/1.Fourthly, all files of the provenance "Landratsamt Villingen" from the provisional stock W 499, which contains the written material from the stocks 129 to 228 of the General State Archives Karlsruhe, which reached the State Archives of Freiburg at the time of the mutual equalisation of holdings, were also incorporated. The pre-signature 1 contains the last signature used in the Freiburg State Archives before the new indexing and the pre-signature 2 the penultimate signature used in the Freiburg State Archives or the signature formerly used in the Karlsruhe General State Archives. The present holdings were recorded by David Boomers, Joanna Genkova, Edgar Hellwig and Wolfgang Lippke. Dr. Christof Strauß was responsible for the planning, organisation and coordination of the work, final correction and final editing of the finding aid was carried out by the undersigned. The stock B 748/1 now comprises 5768 fascicles after its redrawing and measures 60.70 lfd.m.Freiburg, December 2009 Edgar Hellwig

Contains among other things: Disputes about the farm Otjituezu of the deceased farmer Fr. Koppe, 1917; Resolution of the Windhoeker German population on the future of the protectorate Deutsch-Südwestafrika, March 1919; Regulation of the return journey of German civil servants and employees and their families to Germany and the forced return journey of civil servants, Schutztruppe members and ZIvil persons, March 1919-Nov. 1919; "Südwest im Friedenstraktat": Ausführungen zur Übernahme Deutsch-Südwestafrikas durch die Südafrikanische Union, 29.7.1919; Economic and financial negotiations with the South African Union, Jan. 1920; "Die Eingeborenen in Südwestafrika und die britische Verwaltung": Elaboration, author not named, 1920 (?)

The natives pull and push a wagon over a railway line in the colony of D e u t s c h - O s t a f r i k a / Photographer: Scherl

Contains among other things: 7 photos of the Balinga station with local population

History of Tradition Biographical information Heinz Braun was born in 1927 as the son of Heinrich Braun and Barbara Braun, née Müller. At the age of ten the secondary school student Heinz Braun went to the Hitler Youth, at 15 he became a member of the fire brigade, at 16 he became an air force helper. He was drafted at the age of 17. After Heinz Braun had been deployed around Breslau in 1945, he spent a few weeks of rest with his comrades in a village near Prague. Finally, Heinz Braun was deployed on his way to Lake Balaton in mid-April 1945 in Vienna. While defending a crossroads, he and his comrades were taken prisoner of war in Russia. After a three-month stay in Vienna, they were taken to Stalingrad. He returned home from captivity in January 1950. With the help of the care of the returnees, he began training as an electrician, to which he joined the technician. In 1956 Heinz Braun married a young woman from Rottweil, with whom he has two sons. He took early retirement in 1985. After Mr. Braun had learned of the estate of Kugler, which had been published by the State Archive Sigmaringen, he donated a photo album with a collection of field postcards and some photographs to the archive in 2006 (access 2006/45). The vast majority of the field postcards his mother Barbara Braun, née Müller, had received from her brothers Jakob and Philipp during the First World War. Furthermore, in 2007 (access 2007/02), Mr Braun donated letters, personal documents and photographs from the first half of the 20th century to the Sigmaringen State Archives. In addition, Mr. Braun supplemented his past, in particular his stay in a prisoner of war camp in Stalingrad, as well as the past of his mother and his uncle Jakob Müller with personal notes and partially literarily worked up. The collection's focus is on 167 field postcards from the time of the First World War. They visualize the everyday life of soldiers as well as the effects of war. Used as a means of propaganda against their own population, they also illustrate the expansion of psychological warfare in the First World War. Within the newly created classification levels, the units of description were arranged chronologically. Postcards and photographs not to be dated are placed at the end of a classification group. Records, letters and personal documents of the estate giver were summarized in thematic units. Titles of postcards and photographs were made on the basis of text imprints. If no text imprints were available, the handwritten titles of the postcard owners were taken over in quotation marks. Own title formations or additions were made without quotation marks. In the case of postcards sent, the sender and recipient are also noted. The title shows place names in the spelling used on the postcards and photographs. Where today's official place names differ, they have been added in square brackets. The place names of that time, but also German names for foreign places can be understood in this way. The postcards are dated after the date of dispatch of the card. If the author of a postcard has dated his message to a date before the date of dispatch, both dates have been included. Information on publishers, photo studios, series and film numbering appear in the "Presignature 1" data field. In ScopeArchive the inventory was recorded and packaged under the guidance of Dr. Volker Trugen berger and Sibylle Brühl by intern Sarah Bongermino in July and August 2008. The inventory comprises 167 postcards, 15 photographs and 10 file units with a total volume of 0.4 linear metres of shelving. The citation of the inventory is as follows: N 1/85 T 1 No. [order number] Sigmaringen, August 2008 Sarah Bongermino The personal documents, photographs and maps (N1/85 T 1 No. 200-234) donated in the years 2008 (access 2008/56) and 2009 (access 2009/28 and 2009/37) were catalogued by Sibylle Brühl and the two interns Bernhard Homa and Anika Mester in September 2009 and included in the inventory. The collection comprises 167 postcards, 31 photographs, 19 file units and 5 cards with a total volume of 0.5 running metres of shelving. Sigmaringen, September 2009 Sibylle Brühl Content and evaluation Field postcards and photographs from the First World War; letters, personal documents, maps and photographs from the first half of the 20th century as well as records of the life stories of the estate giver and family members.

Korrespondenz; Denkschrift d. Evang. Oberkirchenrates betr. äußere Mission, 23 S., Dr., 1903 + 1909; Korrespondenz w. Anstellung Miss. Vedder als Pfr. v. Swakopmund, auch Visitationsprotokolle, 1906/07; Mitteilungen d. Evang. Oberkirchenrats über d. kirchliche Versorgung d. deutschredenden Evan-gelische in d. dt. Schutzgebieten, 10 S., Dr., 1909; Irle: Bericht über Gemeindearbeit an weißer Bevölkerung im Bezirk Gobabis, 6 S., 1912; Mitteilungen über die Auslandsarbeit d. Evang OKR in der Kriegszeit, 20 S., Dr., 1915; Mitteilungen über d. Stand d. Auslandsdiaspora d. Evang. Landeskirchen d. älteren Provinzen Preus-sens, 4 S., Dr., 1920; Angelegenheit Pfr. Heyse, Swakopmund, 1925

Contains among other things: Establishment of the experimental station Experiments to raise the cultures of the local population Sketch of the station's sites

Contains among other things: Restraint of a complaint telegram of the local population List of expropriation costs 6 photographs of huts of the local population in Duala

Contains among other things: Submission of the Association of West African Merchants to the Reichstag due to rapid execution of the expropriation, Hamburg, 23 March 1914 Memorandum from the State Secretary Solf on the expropriation and relocation of the local population in Duala to the Reichstag on 1 May 1914

Chinese workers expanding the port facilities of Tsingtau / Photographer: Scherl

I. The history of the von Linden family: The von Linden family originally comes from the diocese of Liège. The progenitor is a certain Adam van Linter, who is mentioned in documents 1604-1615 and who was the owner of the estate in Hoeppertingen (Belgian Limburg). His son Peter, who probably emigrated to Franconia because of the political and religious unrest in the home country of the Linter family, acquired a farm in Habitzheim (Odenwald) around 1650. In Kurmainz some members of the Catholic von Linden family were promoted to high offices: Franz von Linden (1712-1789) was a member of the Court Chamber Council and head cellar of the Camera Administration in the Vice-Chamber Office of Aschaffenburg, Johann Heinrich Freiherr von Linden (1719-1795) was a Privy Councillor and Director of the Court Chamber of the Electorate of Mainz. Franz Damian Freiherr von Linden (1745-1817), a grandson of Johann Heinrich Freiherr von Linden, was privy councillor and later director of the state government of the prince primate in Aschaffenburg. His second eldest son Franz Joseph Ignaz was Württemberg's Privy Legation Councillor and lord of Nordstetten, Isenburg and Taberwasen. Another grandson of Johann Heinrich Freiherr von Linden, the jurist Franz Freiherr von Linden (1760-1836), held the position of Reich Chamber Court Assessor from 1796 to 1806. After the dissolution of the Imperial Chamber Court, Franz Freiherr von Linden entered the service of the Kingdom of Württemberg. King Friedrich I of Württemberg appointed him president of the newly founded Catholic Church Council in 1807. In 1815 Franz Freiherr von Linden was appointed Württemberg Plenipotentiary at the Congress of Vienna, then Württemberg Ambassador to the Bundestag in Frankfurt. 1817-1831 he was president of the Schwarzwaldkreis (Black Forest District) and Franz Freiherr von Linden was the progenitor of the VII lines (the lines are counted according to the number of lines): Genealogical handbook of the nobility vol. 68 of the complete series. Freiherrliche Häuser Vol. VII, Limburg/Lahn 1978, p. 196-215; Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels Vol. 109 der Gesamtreihe, Freiherrliche Häuser Vol. XVIII, Limburg/Lahn 1995, p. 356-376; Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels: Der in Bayern immatrikulierte Adel Vol. XXIII, Neustadt/Aisch 2000, p. 351-365.) of the House of Linden: From his seven sons mentioned in the following these VII lines of the house come: From Edmund (1798-1865) the I. (count's) line (Burgberg), from Franz a Paula (1800-1888) the II. (count's) line (Burgberg). (Count's) line, from Carl (1801-1870) the III. line (Hausen) with the 1st branch (in the USA) and the 2nd branch (Hausen), from Joseph (1804-1895) the IV. line (Hausen) with the 1st branch (in the USA) and the 2nd branch (Hausen), from Joseph (1804-1895) the IV. line (Hausen) with the 1st branch (in the USA) and the 2nd branch (Hausen). line (Neunthausen), by Ernst (1806-1885) the V. line (Bühl), by Ludwig (1808-1889) the VI. line (Bühl). In 1844 Edmund Freiherr von Linden (1798-1865) and his cousin Heinrich Freiherr von Linden (1784-1866), the eldest son of the aforementioned Damian Franz Freiherr von Linden, were raised to the rank of papal counts. In 1846, the Grand Duke of Hesse-Darmstadt recognized Heinrich's raising of rank, and in the same year Edmund Graf von Linden received Württemberg's recognition of the raising of rank. In the year 1850 the papal earldom was also founded on Franz a Paula and II. Line extended. The elevation to the Württemberg rank of counts took place in 1852, with the exception of the III. line (Hausen), all of the VII lines in the Württemberg male tribe were extinguished. The III. line divides into a 1. branch, whose members live in the USA, and into the 2. branch (Hausen). TWO. Biographical outlines of Hugo and Joseph Freiherr von Linden: Hugo Freiherr von Linden (1854-1936):The 2nd branch (Hausen) of the III. line is also the origin of the ministerial director Hugo Freiherr von Linden. He was born on 1 February 1854 in Ludwigsburg as the son of Carl Freiherr von Linden (1801-1870) and his second wife Mathilde Freifrau von Linden née Countess Leutrum von Ertingen (1815-1892). Hugo Freiherr von Linden studied law at the universities of Tübingen, Strasbourg and Berlin after graduating from high school in 1872. In 1877 he passed the state examination. After working at various courts in Württemberg, he became Secret Legation Secretary in the Württemberg Ministry for Foreign Affairs in 1883. In the same year he was appointed the King's chambermaid, which involved honorary services at social events of the court. In 1906 Hugo Freiherr von Linden was promoted to Ministerial Director and Head of the Political Department of the Ministry in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and in 1900 Hugo Freiherr von Linden worked out the marriage contract between Duke Robert von Württemberg and Archduchess Maria Immaculata Raineria from Austria (cf. Hugo Freiherr von Linden married Elisabeth Schenk Freiin von Stauffenberg (1864-1939) in 1893, the daughter of the Vice President of the German Reichstag, Franz August Schenk von Stauffenberg. He is the progenitor of the 2nd branch (Hausen) of the III. line (Hausen).Joseph Freiherr von Linden (1804-1895):Joseph Freiherr von Linden comes from the IV. line (Hausen). Line (Nine houses). He was born on 7 June 1804 in Wetzlar as the son of the already mentioned Reichskammergerichtsassessor Franz Freiherr von Linden (1760-1836) and his second wife Maria Anna von Linden née Freiin von Bentzel zu Sternau (1769-1805). Joseph Freiherr von Linden spent his childhood and youth in Württemberg, u. a. in Kirchheim, where he became lifelong friends with the son of Ludwig Herzog von Württemberg (1756-1817) and Henriette Herzogin von Württemberg née Prinzessin von Nassau-Weilburg (1780-1857), Alexander Herzog von Württemberg (1804-1885). After studying law in Tübingen, Joseph Freiherr von Linden and his older brother Carl stayed in France from 1825 to 1827 in order to improve his knowledge of the French language and literature (cf. order numbers 3 and 4), after which he worked as a judge in various Württemberg cities. 1839-1848 Joseph Freiherr von Linden represented the knighthood of the Danube district in the Second Chamber. From 1842-1850 he was - like his father before him - President of the Catholic Church Council. 1848 was the revolutionary year in which Linden was appointed Minister of the Interior of Württemberg, but had to be dismissed on the same day due to the protests of the population. 1 July 1850 King Wilhelm I appointed Linden Minister of the Interior again and handed him over the office of Minister of the Interior of Württemberg in the years 1850 to 1851 and 1854 to 1855. During this time von Linden stood up for the restoration of the old constitution, which earned him the accusation in liberal circles that he was reactionary. Linden's achievements in the economic field should not be underestimated: He promoted the founding of the Stuttgart stock exchange, created a new trade code and encouraged the founding of the Weinsberg wine growing school. In the field of church politics, von Linden contributed significantly to the balance between the Kingdom of Württemberg and the Catholic Church. After the death of King Wilhelm I, his son and successor King Karl dismissed von Linden as minister on 20 September 1864. In the following years, Joseph Freiherr von Linden worked as a diplomat for Württemberg. In 1865 he became Württemberg envoy in Frankfurt and at the Hessian courts, 1868 envoy at the customs parliament in Berlin, and in 1870 during the Franco-Prussian War he was appointed prefect of the Marne département occupied by the Germans (cf. order numbers 32 and 34, order numbers 15 and 16). 1830 Joseph Freiherr von Linden married Emma Freiin von Koenig-Warthausen (1810-1893). The marriage produced four children: Richard (1831-1887), who was cavalry captain of the Württemberg military (see order numbers 34 and 41, order numbers 15 and 49), Franziska (1833-1919), who married Dr. Fridolin Schinzinger (1827-1865) in 1859 (order numbers 25, 35 and 36, order numbers 11, 13 and 14), Elise (1836-1914) and Josephine (1838-1881), both of whom remained single.Of the other outstanding members of the von Linden family, for whom there is only little material in this collection (order number 42, order number 8), Karl Graf von Linden (1838-1910), the founder of the Völkerkundemuseum (Lindenmuseum) in Stuttgart, named after him, and Marie Gräfin von Linden (1869-1936), who was the first woman to study at the University of Tübingen and who was later appointed Professor of Parasitology at the University of Bonn, should be mentioned briefly. III. history, content and structure of the collection: The present holdings combine documents from the estate of Joseph Freiherr von Linden, which were handed over to the Hauptstaatsarchiv in 1962 by Mr. Regierungsoberinspektor Reginald Mutter (cf. the title in the old repertory for holdings Q 1/7), a great-great grandson of Joseph Freiherr von Linden. One year later, the Main State Archives purchased these archival records, which were initially incorporated into the former holdings J 50 (Smaller Estates). Robert Uhland produced a typewritten finding aid in 1963. When the Q holdings were created in 1972, the holdings designated as the estate of Linden were removed from the J 50 holdings and assigned to the newly created Q 1 series (political estates), where they received the signature Q 1/7. The small estate consisted only of a tuft, which contained several documents, which were listed in the above-mentioned find book. In the 90's the stock Q 1/7 got increases by taxes from private side: In 1990, Mrs. E. Niethammer, Kirchheim/Teck, handed over documents from the estate of the Protestant pastor family Dierlamm to the Main State Archives as a gift, which were initially incorporated into the holdings Q 1/7 as Büschel 2. These are the documents now listed under heading 2 of this inventory (order numbers 37 to 41). These include business cards and letters from Joseph Freiherr and Emma Freifrau von Linden to Pfarrer Dierlamm (serial number 37, order number 45), tickets from Sara Schinzinger to Pfarrer Dierlamm (serial number 40, order number 47) and several sermons on corpses for members of the House of Linden (serial number 41, order number 49). Among them are documents from the estate of his grandfather Hugo Freiherr von Linden (serial numbers 7-23) and pictures, especially of members of the House of Württemberg (section 3.2, serial numbers 43-48). In addition, Franz-Karl Freiherr von Linden has handed over to the Main State Archives an extensive collection of material compiled by him on the family history of Linden, including photocopies of literature and copies or photocopies of archival records of the von Linden family. Finally, Franz-Karl Freiherr von Linden transferred newspaper articles written by him about the formation of the island Surtsey off the coast of Iceland to the Main State Archives in 1993, which were initially classified as tufts 5 in the Q 1/7 inventory. The diaries 1870-1935 of his grandfather Hugo Freiherr von Linden, which were handed over by Franz-Karl Freiherr von Linden in 1992 as a deposit under retention of title to the Main State Archives, were returned to the owner in 1995. (Cf. Tgb.-Nr. 4143/1993 and Tgb.-Nr. 2918/1995) In the course of the indexing the stock received further growth from the stock J 53 (family papers of Württemberg civil servants). The excerpts from family registers concerning Julius Graf von Linden and Loring Graf von Linden (serial numbers 5 and 6, order numbers 50 and 19) and documents on the sale of the manor Nordstetten to the forester of Fischer-Weikersthal (serial number 1, order number 17) kept under the signature J 53/10 were also classified in the present inventory. As already mentioned several times above, today's holdings Q 1/7 include not only the estate of the Württemberg Minister of State Joseph Freiherr von Linden but also several other estates of members of the House of Linden and collections or documents on the family history of Linden. For this reason, the previous inventory name "Nachlass Joseph Freiherr von Linden" was extended to "Familienunterlagen von Linden". In view of the small size of the holdings and the incompleteness of the holdings, it is not possible to speak of a family archive, however, since materials on various members and lines of the von Linden family are completely or almost completely lacking: no original archival records on the members of the von Linden family who were in the service of the Electorate of Mainz, the Prince Primate and the Grand Duke of Hesse are to be expected (v. a. Johann Heinrich von Linden, Damian Franz Freiherr von Linden, Heinrich Graf von Linden). there are also only a few archival records of the lines dating back to the sons of Franz Freiherr von Linden: From the I. (Counts) and II. (count's) lines, there are no original documents, with the exception of extracts from the family registers of Julius and Loring Graf von Linden (order numbers 5 and 6, order numbers 19 and 50). Also missing are documents of the V. line (Bühl), the VI. (Swiss) line and the VII. line. Smaller estates are only available from the III. line (Hausen) and the IV. line (Hausen). line (Neunthausen), but the documents from the estates of Ministerial Director Hugo Freiherr von Linden and Minister of State Joseph Linden are only fractions of the original estates. It can be assumed that the family still owns some of the material mentioned above and of other members of the von Linden family, but unfortunately parts of the archival records of the von Linden family were also destroyed in the fire at the Burgberg and Hausen palaces during the Second World War.In addition to the personal documents on individual members of the family, the present collection also lacks documents on economic and property management, documents and invoices, which are to be expected in a nobility archive. The structure of the collection is based on the division of the widely ramified von Linden noble family into the various lines, as it is listed in the Genealogical Handbook of the Nobility. Within the individual lines, the bequests and holdings of the family members were arranged according to date of birth, so that the older family members were listed before the younger ones. The bequests of Franz Joseph Ignaz Freiherr von Linden (section 1.1) and Franz Freiherr von Linden (section 1.2) are at the beginning of the holdings. The latter estate includes a legal opinion on the effect of the Reich's decision of 27 April 1803 on the judicial proceedings of the chamber of justice, two letters from Franz von Linden to Minister of Justice Maucler on the progress made in the training of the sons Carl and Joseph von Linden, and the correspondence between Carl and Joseph von Linden during their stay in France with their parents, some of which was written in French.The estate of the Ministerial Director Hugo Freiherr von Linden comprises several printed programmes and invitations to cultural and official events, mainly in Stuttgart (section 1.5.1), and letters from members of the Princely House Wied to Hugo Freiherr von Linden as well as a memorandum from Wilhelm I. Prince of Albania Prince to Wied (section 1.5.2). Section 1.6 forms the estate of the Württemberg Minister of State Joseph Freiherr von Linden. It is the second largest estate in the stock Q 1/7. The estate is divided into the categories: Family and personal affairs (1.6.1) with documents on weddings, wedding jubilees and a travel description, correspondence (1.6.2) with letters from members of the House of Württemberg (above all Alexander Duke of Württemberg) to Joseph Freiherr von Linden and isolated letters from family members, activity as prefect of the Marne Department (1.6.).3) and printed matter about Joseph Freiherr von Linden (1.6.4): the wife of Joseph Freiherr von Linden, Emma Freifrau von Linden, and the daughter of the Minister of State, Franziska Freiin von Linden, only have very small estates (headings 1.7 and 1.8); the materials from the estate of the Protestant parish family Dierlamm were left as an independent complex (heading 2). The content of the section has already been discussed above, and under section 3 you will find collections, mainly on the family history of Linden: The first section is section 3.1 with the already mentioned extensive collection of material on the family history of Linden, which Franz-Karl Freiherr von Linden compiled and handed over to the house as photocopies. Section 3.2 contains photos of members of the House of Württemberg, of Joseph Freiherr von Linden and of other personalities in Württemberg history; sections 3.3 and 3.4 contain newspaper articles by Franz-Karl Freiherr von Linden and a lock of hair by Joseph Freiherr von Linden.Further archives on Joseph Freiherr von Linden are kept by the Hauptstaatsarchiv in fonds J 1 (collection of historical manuscripts) no. 256 b: Joseph Freiherr von Linden: "Aus meiner politische Karrierebahn" 1830-1862, part 2 of the memoirs dictated by Linden to his granddaughter Sara Schinzinger around 1890. The copy kept in J 1 is a copy for which Professor Schinzinger from Hohenheim, a grandson of the Minister of State von Linden, lent the original to the archive in 1925. Günther-Otto Maus in Baesweiler, a direct descendant of Joseph Freiherr von Linden, was filmed in 1977 and is now kept in the Main State Archives under the signature F 554 in fonds J 383 (microfilms and manuscripts in foreign archives, libraries). In January 2015, Günther-Otto Maus purchased the original diary from Günther-Otto Maus and it is now part of the collection under the signature Q 1/7 Bü 51. An index of the archive of the Barons of Linden in Neunthausen, which was compiled in 1892/1893, is part of the collection J 424 (Inventories of Non-State Archives: Caretakers' Photographs).In addition, reference is briefly made to the E stocks (ministerial stocks), in which extensive material on the work of State Minister Joseph Freiherr von Linden and Ministerial Director Hugo Freiherr von Linden is kept, and Q 1/7 can be used for various research purposes: First of all, of course, the history of the von Linden family, the history of nobility, mentality, social and cultural history, and finally the history of the German occupation of France during the war of 1870/1871. The Q 1/7 holdings were catalogued in 2001 by the archive inspectors Alexander Morlok, Matthias Schönthaler and Jens Ulrich under the supervision of the undersigned. The final editing, input and classification of the title recordings, the introduction as well as the compilation of the overall index were the responsibility of the undersigned. 0.5 linear metres of the stock was held. Literature about the von Linden family and individual family members:: Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels: Adelslexikon Vol. VII. 1989. p. 394f.Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels: Vol. 68. Freiherrliche Häuser Vol. VII (1978) p. 196-215 and Vol. XVIII (1995) p. 356-376.Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels: Der in Bayern immatrikulierten Vol. XXIII. 2000. 351-365.Junginger, Gabriele: Countess Maria von Linden. Memories of the first Tübingen student. 1991.Koenig-Warthausen, Wilhelm Freiherr von: Josef Freiherr von Linden. Württemberg Minister of the Interior 1804-1895 In: Lebensbilder aus Schwaben und Franken IX S. 218-276.Linden, Franz-Karl Freiherr von: Grandfather's diaries. [Article about Hugo Freiherr von Linden (1854-1936)]. In: Schönes Schwaben 1993 Issue 1 S. 78-83 Menges, Franz: Joseph Freiherr von Linden. In: Neue Deutsche Biographie (NDB) Vol. 14 S. 589-590Moegle-Hofacker, Franz:; On the Development of Parliamentarism in Württemberg. The "Parliamentarism of the Crown" under King Wilhelm I. 1981.Schneider, Eugen: Joseph Freiherr von Linden. In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB) Vol. 51 S. 719-721 Stöckhardt, E.: Joseph Freiherr von Linden. Royal Württemberg Minister of State (retired) Member of the Württemberg Chamber of Lords of State for Life. In: Deutsche Adels-Chronik Heft 15 S. 187-190 und Heft 16 S. 215, 216 und 226, 227th Württembergischer Verein für Handelsgeographie, Museum für Länder- und Völkerkunde, Lindenmuseum Stuttgart (publisher): Celebration of the 50th anniversary of the association. Celebration of the 100th birthday of Count Karl von Linden. 1939.

Correspondence concerning the sale of the house in Otjimbingue; restriction of the import of spirits; pastoral care for the white population; free seeds for botanical experiments; contract with cultural engineer Borchardt-Ott according to meteorological records, 1898; compilation of the Laws on the Registration of Marriages Abroad, 1894; evidence of RMG property in South-West Africa and New Guinea, 1906.

Enthält:(a) "Verhalten der englischen und der unter englischem Oberbefehl stehenden französischen Truppen gegen die weiße Bevölkerung der deutschen Schutzgebiete Kamerun und Togo", hg. v. Reichskolonialamt, Berlin 1916(b) "Die Kolonialdeutschen aus Kamerun und Togo in französischer Gefangenschaft", hg. v. Reichskolonialamt, Berlin 1917(c) "Der Krieg in den deutschen Schutzgebieten", Mitteilung 6, 8, 10 Teil A, Sonderdrucke aus dem "Deutschen Kolonialblatt", 1916-1917; Darin auch: - Karten zu den Kriegshandlungen in Kamerun, eingebunden und separat

Description of holdings: Dept. 15 Lebensmittelamt [AUGIAS] Size: 55 archive cartons (= 497 units) Duration: 1916-1924 Dept. 15 of the Stadtarchiv Worms is a collection containing mainly documents on the war economy during the First World War and the time of the subsequent occupation. The name 'Lebensmittelamt' was chosen because most of the files deal with the food supply of the population and the name 'Wirtschaftamt' would be misleading because there was no such office within the city administration. As part of the forced management of food and fuels introduced during the First World War, a food office was established in Worms in 1916. In 1920, under the supervision of a commission of the city council for food supply, there was a food office under the supervision of the 'head of the entire food supply of the city of Worms', to which, among other things, an issuing office for food cards was attached. The office was also associated with the Lohlenkommission, which was entrusted with the fuel supply, and the Ortskohlenstelle. By decision of the city council of 10.3.1924 the food office was abolished. The administrative structure of the food and fuel supply of the city of Worms is derived from the Address Book of 1922 (p. 445) (see also Address Book 1920 p. 477 f.). In addition to the documents on the food and fuel supply, there are also files on supplying the population with clothing and urban shoe care. In addition, there are a few files dealing with the provision of housing and individual files in which the female employees in Worms trade, industry etc. were identified in the course of job creation for war returnees under the direction of the Demobilmachungsausschuss (no. 404 enterprises B, L and no. 404 enterprises K). Three acts dating from 1940/41 which resulted in infringements of the consumption rules (No 124, 125, 126) fall entirely outside the scope of this framework. The documents of Dept. 15 probably came into the care of the archive immediately after the dissolution of the office (probably around 1930/33). The largest part of the abbot 15 was registered from 16 August to 10 September 2004 by the student Marion Bechtold (University of Heidelberg) in the context of a practical course after the bear's principle. The data were entered into the AUGIAS archive program. After completion of the registration work, the collection comprises 497 units, which are stored in 55 archive boxes (8 metres). The temporal emphasis of the tradition lies between 1915 and 1924, beyond that there are individual pieces, which go back to .... and/or up to 1942. It could be established that the files were partly kept in file covers of various municipal provenances, such as 'files of the police administration of the city of Worms (e.g. no. 253, 254, 168), 'files of the Lord Mayor of the city of Worms (e.g. no. 163, 164, 198, 208) and 'Stadtverwaltung Worms' (no. 171). In addition to the files of Dept. 15, there are numerous documents on the food supply in Dept. 5 and Dept. 13; see also Dept. 16 for the period from 1939 onwards. For the area of housing, see Dept. 17 of the Housing Office (by decision of the City Council on 21.1.1919, the establishment of a municipal housing authority). Worms, December 2004 Literature: Süß, Martin: Rheinhessen under French occupation. From the armistice in November 1918 to the end of the Sparatist riots in February 1924, Stuttgart 1988 (=Geschichtliche Landeskunde 31) Metzler, Georg: Das Wohnungswesen in Worms, in: 150 Jahre Wormser zeitung (1776-1926), Worms 1926, pp. 84-87 Bönnen, Gerold: Tumulte und Unruhen in Zeiten der Krise: Das Beispiel Worms (1916 bis 1933), in: Unrecht und Recht. Crime and Society in Change 1500-2000: Joint State Exhibition of the Rhineland-Palatinate and Saarland Archives. Scientific Accompanying Volume, edited by Heinz-Günther Borck and Beate Dorfey, Koblenz 2000 (=Publications of the State Archive Administration Rhineland-Palatinate 98), pp. 389-411. Olbrisch, Silke: Die Novemberrevolution 1918 in Worms unter besonderer Berücksichtigung des Arbeiter- und Soldatenrates, in: Pujari, Anjali: Worms unter französischer Besatzung (1918-1930) (Written homework within the framework of the First State Examination for the Teaching Profession for the Sec. II, University of Bonn 2001, masch.., 129 S.) Bönnen, Gerold: On municipal housing construction in Worms (1918-1933) in: Wohnungsbau Worms (ed.), 50 years of Wohnungsbau GmbH Worms (1950-2000), Worms 2000, p. 5-20