Fonds - CR I

Preface :<br />The usual division of the episcopal curia into the offices of the local Ordinary for the jurisdictional area (Offizial) and the administrative area (Vicar General) did not initially exist in the first decades after the re-establishment of the Archbishopric of Cologne (1821). Today's Vicariate General was constituted in July 1825. Initially, it had only 13 employees, had only some of the tasks it has today and consisted of only two departments. One of these was the so-called consistory for legal matters; it dealt with disciplinary and matrimonial matters. In addition, important matters were handled by the archbishop himself if necessary. In 1848, the tasks of the consistory were transferred to the newly constituted Offizialat. A new "Organization of the Archbishop's Ordinariate and General Vicariate" of 1850 then established a "Spiritual Council", which was also known as the "Archbishop's Ordinariate". Chaired by the archbishop, it consisted of the vicar general and several councillors - usually cathedral canons. While the Ordinariate primarily dealt with general and fundamental issues and their planning - e.g. by drafting regulations and decrees - the Vicariate General and its councils, chaired by the Vicar General, dealt with specific personal or factual issues within the framework of established procedures in accordance with predetermined guidelines. Although the division within the archbishop's administration continued to exist on paper until 1926, it had already become obsolete in practice decades earlier.<br /><br />Social and political changes as well as legal innovations, above all the greater independence from the state in the appointment of cathedral canons since 1918/19, led to changed or growing tasks and brought about the administrative reorganization of 1926. From the time of Archbishop Schulte at the latest, there was a meticulously structured departmental system, whereby all areas of responsibility were assigned to specific "departments", some of which were tailored to the qualifications of individual employees.<br /><br />Departmental officers were generally cathedral canons in addition to their work in the chapter; in Cologne, the members of the metropolitan chapter are traditionally the bishop's administrative assistants. As a rule, the vicars general were also members of the chapter, sometimes even in a leading role (dignitaries). The vicars general in office when an archbishop died usually also acted as administrators of the archbishopric during episcopal vacancies, namely as capitular vicars appointed by the metropolitan chapter; the office of vicar general was dormant during vacancies.<br /><br />The vicar general's councillors or department heads had to present all questions of particular importance or general significance at the weekly council meetings held in the presence of the archbishop and the vicar general for consultation and, if necessary, a decision. However, the limited possibilities during the National Socialist era and even more so during the war soon brought about the first visible changes in the structure of the authorities during the term of office of Vicar General Dr. David, which then changed noticeably in the post-war period in connection with the new requirements and the sudden expansion of tasks - as a result of the introduction of the diocesan church tax (1950).<br /><br />The following vicars general held office as heads of the archbishop's administration from 1825 onwards:<br /><br />J. Hüsgen: 1825-1835 under Archbishop von Spiegel; 1836-1841 under Archbishop Droste zu Vischering<br /><br />J. J. Iven: 1841-1842 under Archbishop Droste zu Vischering ; 1842-1846 under Coadjutor and 1846 Archbishop von Geissel<br /><br />J. A. Baudri: 1846-1864 under Archbishop von Geissel ; 1866-1876 under Archbishop Melchers ; 1876-1886 vacancy due to closure of the office in the Kulturkampf<br /><br />L. Kleinheidt: 1886-1894 under Archbishop Krementz<br /><br />P. K. A. Kreutzwald: 1894-1899 under Archbishop Krementz ; 1900-1902 under Archbishop Simar ; 1903-1912 under Archbishop Fischer ; 1913-1918 under Archbishop von Hartmann<br /><br />J. Vogt: 1918-1919 under Archbishop von Hartmann ; 1920-1931 under Archbishop Schulte<br /><br />E. David: 1931-1941 under Archbishop Schulte ; 1942-1952 under Archbishop Frings<br /><br />J. Teusch: 1952-1969 under Archbishop Frings<br /><br />H. Jansen: 1963-1969 as second Vicar General under Archbishop Frings<br /><br />P. Nettekoven: 1969-1975 under Archbishop Höffner<br /><br />N. Feldhoff: 1975-1987 under Archbishop Höffner; since 1989 under Archbishop Meisner<br /><br />The following structure has emerged within the archbishopric curia in recent decades: In addition to the Vicariate General with the Vicar General as head of administration, special appointees (e.g. the chancellor or legal advisor) and various staff and main departments, there are several councils and commissions as advisory bodies for the archbishop and his administration, in particular the Archbishop's Council, which is important for questions and decisions of a fundamental nature. For many decisions with a pastoral background, the Deans' Conference, which was introduced under Cardinal Schulte, was also important for a long time; recently, the Priests' Council, in which the deans are also represented, has taken over its tasks and competencies.<br /><br />In addition to the organizational structures, the role of the persons responsible in the archbishopric curia must be taken into account at all times - in different ways in each case; for the post-war period between 1945 and the early 1980s, the following names should be mentioned as examples in addition to the vicars general: the prelates (and mostly also cathedral canons) Böhler (cf. "Dienstakten Böhler" fonds), Lenné (cf. "Dienstakten Lenné" fonds), Lieser (cf. "Dienstakten Lieser" fonds), Kowalski (cf. "Planungsabteilung" fonds), Lewen, Schlafke (cf. Personalverwaltung" fonds), Henze (cf. ibid.) and Daniels (cf. "Dienstakten Daniels" fonds), as well as the auxiliary bishops and episcopal vicars, e.g. Cleven and Frotz, and the lawyers Westhoff, Weiss, Blankenhagen and Panzer. They each influenced the decisions of the archbishop and vicar general in different ways.<br /><br />The episcopal vicars - the office is a new creation of the Second Vatican Council - are entrusted with a specific area of administration and report directly to the archbishop. They are usually auxiliary bishops. Since 1966 or 1969/70, the following areas in particular have been (generally partially) assigned to such episcopal vicars: "Priest and deacon training" and "Liturgy organization and church music", at times also "Church art" (cf. for example the "Dienstakten Frotz" and "Nachlaß Frotz" fonds as well as for 1975 ff. Dienstakten Plöger"), also "School" and temporarily also "Catholic Committees" and "Diocesan Council" (see also "Dienstakten Cleven"), "World Mission" and "Extra-diocesan Affairs" (only 1969-1976, see also "Bischofsvikariat für außerdiözesane Angelegenheiten (Teusch)"), "Religious Communities" and "Religious Affairs", "Religious Affairs" and "Religious Affairs". "Religious matters", "Matters of faith", also "Ecumenism", (including the fonds "Dienstakten Luthe"), "Pastoral care of foreigners" (since 1975) and, for the time since around 1990, "Permanent diaconate" and "Pastoral support", which are currently of little archival relevance.<br /><br />As a result of the so-called Kulturkampf, the General Vicariate had to cease its work in 1876 and was closed, which is evident, among other things, from the gaps in many file groups. Work was finally resumed in 1886. From this time at the latest, the Archbishop's Curia's records were largely managed in a central registry. In addition to series of files for local matters (individual parishes, deaneries and local institutions), there were two central file collections resulting from the official division into two parts, the so-called "Cabinet Registry" (CR) and the "Generalia" (Gen.). This distinction goes back to the year 1825, when Archbishop Spiegel divided the "transactions that occur in the administration of the archbishopric" into those that "belong to the Cabinet of His Archbishopric's Grace . . ." and those that were "entrusted to the Vicariate General . ." (Gen. 1 B. 4).<br /><br />The existence of two large filing cabinets or collections with overlapping subject groups soon led to considerable confusion in terms of content. The file plan created around 1825 for the "CR" and "Generalia" fonds was so poorly structured from the outset that new developments in the church and thus new administrative tasks could not be sufficiently taken into account through extensions or regrouping. In the Generalia collection in particular, the lack of a logical structure resulted in an increasingly confusing filing system that was neither oriented to the administrative organization nor to the classification of tasks. The file plan was not reorganized during the period of the "office reform" which was rapidly promoted elsewhere. The continuity in the management of the registry - Prelate Max Baeumker headed it from 1913 until after the Second World War - as well as the manageable number of staff in the building made it seem more advantageous to stick to the order that had been recognized as problematic. Until the 1950s, a rough index and the registrars' memories sufficed as finding aids for the individual filing locations.<br /><br />The destruction and temporary relocation of the General Vicariate from Cologne (1943-1945) caused only an external caesura. Since then, the Prussian-style. Since then, the Prussian-style thread stitching, which was largely retained in the Weimar period, has been replaced by filing in standing files. For practical reasons, the older fonds "CR" and "Generalia", which began in 1825, were each regarded as a closed file layer in the archive when thread sewing ended in 1943. Therefore, all documents that were not yet ad-acta in the summer of 1943 - often important files from around 1900 that had remained with the clerks for a long time due to their general importance - are now to be found in the newer file layer that began in 1945.<br /><br />The usual division of the episcopal curia into the offices of the local Ordinary for the jurisdictional area (Offizial) and the administrative area (General Vicar) did not initially exist in the first decades after the re-establishment of the Archdiocese of Cologne (1821). Today's Vicariate General was constituted in July 1825. Initially, it had only 13 employees, had only some of the tasks it has today and consisted of only two departments. One of these was the so-called consistory for legal matters; it dealt with disciplinary and matrimonial matters. In addition, important matters were handled by the archbishop himself if necessary. In 1848, the tasks of the consistory were transferred to the newly constituted Offizialat. A new "Organization of the Archbishop's Ordinariate and General Vicariate" of 1850 then established a "Spiritual Council", which was also known as the "Archbishop's Ordinariate". Chaired by the archbishop, it consisted of the vicar general and several councillors - usually cathedral canons. While the Ordinariate primarily dealt with general and fundamental issues and their planning - e.g. by drafting regulations and decrees - the Vicariate General and its councils, chaired by the Vicar General, dealt with specific personal or factual issues within the framework of established procedures in accordance with predetermined guidelines. Although the division within the archbishop's administration continued to exist on paper until 1926, it had already become obsolete in practice decades earlier.<br /><br />Social and political changes as well as legal innovations, above all the greater independence from the state in the appointment of cathedral canons since 1918/19, led to changed or growing tasks and brought about the administrative reorganization of 1926. From the time of Archbishop Schulte at the latest, there was a meticulously structured departmental system, whereby all areas of responsibility were assigned to specific "departments", some of which were tailored to the qualifications of individual employees.<br /><br />Departmental officers were generally cathedral canons in addition to their work in the chapter; in Cologne, the members of the metropolitan chapter are traditionally the bishop's administrative assistants. As a rule, the vicars general were also members of the chapter, sometimes even in a leading role (dignitaries). The vicars general in office when an archbishop died usually also acted as administrators of the archbishopric during episcopal vacancies, namely as capitular vicars appointed by the metropolitan chapter; the office of vicar general was dormant during vacancies.<br /><br />The vicar general's councillors or department heads had to present all questions of particular importance or general significance at the weekly council meetings held in the presence of the archbishop and the vicar general for consultation and, if necessary, a decision. However, the limited possibilities during the National Socialist era and even more so during the war soon brought about the first visible changes in the structure of the authorities during the term of office of Vicar General Dr. David, which then changed noticeably in the post-war period in connection with the new requirements and the sudden expansion of tasks - as a result of the introduction of the diocesan church tax (1950).<br /><br />The following vicars general held office as heads of the archbishop's administration from 1825 onwards:<br /><br />J. Hüsgen: 1825-1835 under Archbishop von Spiegel; 1836-1841 under Archbishop Droste zu Vischering<br /><br />J. J. Iven: 1841-1842 under Archbishop Droste zu Vischering ; 1842-1846 under Coadjutor and 1846 Archbishop von Geissel<br /><br />J. A. Baudri: 1846-1864 under Archbishop von Geissel ; 1866-1876 under Archbishop Melchers ; 1876-1886 vacancy due to closure of the office in the Kulturkampf<br /><br />L. Kleinheidt: 1886-1894 under Archbishop Krementz<br /><br />P. K. A. Kreutzwald: 1894-1899 under Archbishop Krementz ; 1900-1902 under Archbishop Simar ; 1903-1912 under Archbishop Fischer ; 1913-1918 under Archbishop von Hartmann<br /><br />J. Vogt: 1918-1919 under Archbishop von Hartmann ; 1920-1931 under Archbishop Schulte<br /><br />E. David: 1931-1941 under Archbishop Schulte ; 1942-1952 under Archbishop Frings<br /><br />J. Teusch: 1952-1969 under Archbishop Frings<br /><br />H. Jansen: 1963-1969 as second Vicar General under Archbishop Frings<br /><br />P. Nettekoven: 1969-1975 under Archbishop Höffner<br /><br />N. Feldhoff: 1975-1987 under Archbishop Höffner; since 1989 under Archbishop Meisner<br /><br />The following structure has emerged within the archbishopric curia in recent decades: In addition to the Vicariate General with the Vicar General as head of administration, special appointees (e.g. the chancellor or legal advisor) and various staff and main departments, there are several councils and commissions as advisory bodies for the archbishop and his administration, in particular the Archbishop's Council, which is important for questions and decisions of a fundamental nature. For many decisions with a pastoral background, the Deans' Conference, which was introduced under Cardinal Schulte, was also important for a long time; recently, the Priests' Council, in which the deans are also represented, has taken over its tasks and competencies.<br /><br />In addition to the organizational structures, the role of the persons responsible in the archbishopric curia must be taken into account at all times - in different ways in each case; for the post-war period between 1945 and the early 1980s, the following names should be mentioned as examples in addition to the vicars general: the prelates (and mostly also cathedral canons) Böhler (cf. "Dienstakten Böhler" fonds), Lenné (cf. "Dienstakten Lenné" fonds), Lieser (cf. "Dienstakten Lieser" fonds), Kowalski (cf. "Planungsabteilung" fonds), Lewen, Schlafke (cf. Personalverwaltung" fonds), Henze (cf. ibid.) and Daniels (cf. "Dienstakten Daniels" fonds), as well as the auxiliary bishops and episcopal vicars, e.g. Cleven and Frotz, and the lawyers Westhoff, Weiss, Blankenhagen and Panzer. They each influenced the decisions of the archbishop and vicar general in different ways.<br /><br />The episcopal vicars - the office is a new creation of the Second Vatican Council - are entrusted with a specific area of administration and report directly to the archbishop. They are usually auxiliary bishops. Since 1966 or 1969/70, the following areas in particular have been (generally partially) assigned to such episcopal vicars: "Priest and deacon training" and "Liturgy organization and church music", at times also "Church art" (cf. for example the "Dienstakten Frotz" and "Nachlaß Frotz" fonds as well as for 1975 ff. Dienstakten Plöger"), also "School" and temporarily also "Catholic Committees" and "Diocesan Council" (see also "Dienstakten Cleven"), "World Mission" and "Extra-diocesan Affairs" (only 1969-1976, see also "Bischofsvikariat für außerdiözesane Angelegenheiten (Teusch)"), "Religious Communities" and "Religious Affairs", "Religious Affairs" and "Religious Affairs". "Religious matters", "Matters of faith", also "Ecumenism", (including the fonds "Dienstakten Luthe"), "Pastoral care of foreigners" (since 1975) and, for the time since around 1990, "Permanent diaconate" and "Pastoral support", which are currently of little archival relevance.<br /><br />As a result of the so-called Kulturkampf, the General Vicariate had to cease its work in 1876 and was closed, which is evident, among other things, from the gaps in many file groups. Work was finally resumed in 1886. From this time at the latest, the Archbishop's Curia's records were largely managed in a central registry. In addition to series of files for local matters (individual parishes, deaneries and local institutions), there were two central file collections resulting from the official division into two parts, the so-called "Cabinet Registry" (CR) and the "Generalia" (Gen.). This distinction goes back to the year 1825, when Archbishop Spiegel divided the "transactions that occur in the administration of the archbishopric" into those that "belong to the Cabinet of His Archbishopric's Grace . . ." and those that were "entrusted to the Vicariate General . ." (Gen. 1 B. 4).<br /><br />The existence of two large filing cabinets or collections with overlapping subject groups soon led to considerable confusion in terms of content. The file plan created around 1825 for the "CR" and "Generalia" fonds was so poorly structured from the outset that new developments in the church and thus new administrative tasks could not be sufficiently taken into account through extensions or regrouping. In the Generalia collection in particular, the lack of a logical structure resulted in an increasingly confusing filing system that was neither oriented to the administrative organization nor to the division of tasks. The file plan was not reorganized during the period of the "office reform" which was rapidly promoted elsewhere. The continuity in the management of the registry - Prelate Max Baeumker headed it from 1913 until after the Second World War - as well as the manageable number of staff in the building made it seem more advantageous to stick to the order that had been recognized as problematic. Until the 1950s, a rough index and the registrars' memories sufficed as finding aids for the individual filing locations.<br /><br />The destruction and temporary relocation of the General Vicariate from Cologne (1943-1945) caused only an external caesura. Since then, the Prussian-style. Since then, the Prussian-style thread stitching, which was largely retained in the Weimar period, has been replaced by filing in standing files. For practical reasons, the older fonds "CR" and "Generalia", which began in 1825, were each regarded as a closed file layer in the archive when thread sewing ended in 1943. Therefore, all documents that were not yet ad-acta in the summer of 1943 - often important files from around 1900 that remained with the clerks for a long time due to their general importance - are now to be found in the newer file layer that began in 1945.

Historisches Archiv des Erzbistums Köln (Archivtektonik) >> A. - Erzbistum, Erzbischöfe, Weihbischöfe, Generalvikariat >> CR I - Cabinetts-Registratur Altbestand

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