Preliminary remark: Since the end of the 19th century, military command and administrative authorities have increasingly issued general memos, training instructions, budget overviews, equipment descriptions, maneuver reports, combat experience, overviews of foreign armies, etc. to subordinate departments and units. These publications were intended to provide rapid and reliable information and were generally to be handled "only for official business", "confidential", "only in the hands of officers", "secret", "top secret" and others. Admittedly, such restrictions could change according to external political circumstances - e.g. rankings were only published in peace - so that it is not possible to clearly distinguish them from announcements in official journals or other publications. Even the regulations - Bestand M 635/1 - do not strictly differentiate these printed matters, as both their subject matter and the legal obligation were assessed differently. In general, it can be assumed that communications produced and distributed via private companies had less confidential content than those originating from the Reichsdruckerei; writings without an indication of the publisher were usually classified as secret. The documents were usually kept with the relevant files, some of them also under special lock and key, and arrived with them in the archive. The Reichsarchiv branch or the Heeresarchiv Stuttgart has removed the largely printed, at least duplicated material from the previous environment and kept it further when larger file excretions were pending, such as in the case of the fortress Ulm. In the same way, printed matter found in private estates, despite their official and mostly confidential character, was taken from there. Under changing aspects and changing editors - government inspector Alfons Beiermeister, Army Archives Council Captain of the Reserve Franz Knoch, Army Archives employee August Martin and others - the individual items thus produced were classified in the library, under the regulations, under the memorandums, later stock M 730, and under the pamphlets, later stock J 150, each of which also contained other written material. Small-format printed booklets were preferably sent to the pamphlets, while copies in folio format were sent to the memoirs or, if they were "historical" summaries, to the "Kriegsarchiv" (M 1/11) holdings. Double copies could be found in all the collections mentioned as well as in the library. Pieces assigned to the archive since about 1920 seem to have been set up as hand copies, if this proved to be useful. Foreign printed materials were only occasionally sent in via the representatives of the Chief of Army Archives, among others. As a result of the war, the indexing and classification faltered from about 1941 onwards, so that the corresponding repertories remained unfinished or were only completed after the Second World War - according to M 730 - with the insertion of individual addenda. as part of a job creation measure, the temporary employee Anneliese Fink compiled the regulations and other printed matter(1), which were only partially recorded in various lists and not signed, for the memorandums (M 730) this was done by the student temporary employee Anne Weber. With the temporary cooperation of the aspiring inspectors Elstner and Wüst as well as Häfele, Kronberger and Schön, library material was then sorted out, the regulations and the other printed matter were distributed among the new holdings M 635/1 and M 635/2, and the library and the pamphlets (J 150) in particular were checked for corresponding material on the basis of the catalogues and repertories: Now that 64 from the library, 275 from the original compilation of the regulations, among others, 275 from the memorandums (M 730), 363 from the pamphlets (J 150), 88 from the "Kriegsarchiv" (M 1/11), 21 and 52 pieces from other mostly collection holdings have been taken over and about 30 have been handed over to the military library or put back into the associated files according to their provenance, and 88 duplicates have been discarded, the holdings now comprise 863 volumes, booklets and individual sheets in 13 metres of shelving.Not included in the new holdings - already due to the necessarily different storage - were the maps and plans which were almost exclusively produced for official use and which make up the own holdings M 640 "Military Maps" and M 652 "Plan Collection". Furthermore, as already indicated, the general official gazettes and individual publications are missing here, for example the official general staff works on past acts of war, troop newspapers and war illustrations, "Tornisterschriften", training letters, etc. The same applies to wall attacks by military authorities, which form the basis of inventory J 151 "Collection of Wall Attacks", as well as pure film and pictorial material published by military authorities, a small part of which can be found in the inventories of the "Image Collections" (M 700 ff.). While writings originating from the military side were incorporated here regardless of their content, elaborations by civilian bodies - Foreign Office, Prussian Ministries of the Interior and Justice, R e i c h s k o l o n i a l a m t , R e i c h s k o l o n i a m t , R e i c h s a l a m t a n i n e , etc. - are included if they address decidedly military or military-policy matters. It would not have been possible to rank them according to the publishers because, as mentioned above, they are often not given. Since the alphabetical order of the geographical and subject matters in the holdings of the memorandums (M 730) and the pamphlets (J 150) occasionally overlaps and thus seems less suitable, and since no comprehensive classification scheme has been preserved from the time of the Württemberg army administration, it made sense to base the new holdings on the "Einheitsaktenplan für den Bereich der Heeresleitung und des Ministeramts" of 1931(2). This was all the more true as it, or its predecessors, was formed in the interwar period and also contains documents from this epoch to a large extent. Further general elaborations are to be expected, mainly in the case of the file holdings of the War Ministry and the General Command; to record them and to insert them here in addition, however, would have required a disproportionately high effort, so that a corresponding quite desirable compilation of later time must remain reserved.The spelling applied in the find book is based on today's rules. Changing spelling for individual ... After more frequent use, positions were standardized, i.e. Generalgouvernement instead of General-Gouvernement, Army Department instead of Army Department, News Formation instead of News Formation.The individual title recordings are based on the following model, which was also used for the holdings M 635/1: Title of the typefacePlace and date of writing; possible place of print/publishing, printshop/publisher, year of printingEditors Supplements; handwritten notesEarlier archive and library signaturesRemarksStuttgart, June 1986 Dr. Cordes1) Accordingly, no earlier archive signatures are given for the title recordings of the pieces from this inventory2) issued as regulations and listed as no. 2 under the scheduled army printing regulations since 1938 (M 635/2 Bd.

During the 18th century, the archive and registry of the Lippe government, which had been in one hand for centuries, were so confused that it was necessary to remedy the situation in order to rationalise the administrative work. A more precise definition and delimitation of the terms "registry" and "archive" can be omited here, especially since it had long since been carried out and oriented itself to the terms "current" and "legally effective". The attempt of 1749 to achieve a continuous order of the registry by means of a repertory alphabeticum was not particularly successful, for already in 1771 the walking secretary Clausing complained that the old order was completely obsolete by handing it over to the archive (with the appointment of the Archivrat Knoch the reorganization of the Lippic archive was initiated) and by omitting all supplements, and that the registry was practically without order (D 79 [Alte Findbücher] No. 193 Einleitung). Clausing now handed over a large part of the older files to the archive and tried to place the currents in an order schema that was based on things and storage possibilities. In his systematic structuring, Clausing referred to Pütter's model, which he gives in his Guide to Legal Practice (Pütter, Anleitung zur juristischen Praxis 1. Teil § 479 ff S. 278 ff). The order in 181 compartments was adapted to the external conditions of the registry room. This order layer is noticeable in the present inventory in some files dating back to the 40s of the 18th century, on which the old specialist signatures are also noted. External circumstances - the relocation of the government registration office - and insufficient systematic sharpness made a complete reorganization necessary in 1813. The Registrator Scherf - later Legation Councillor in Frankfurt - suggested in this year to make a new division. In the sense of his time, it was still very important to him that the storage and signature corresponded. In his proposals to Princess Pauline zur Lippe he also mentions that from the registration layer of 1771 a part of the files had already been returned to the archive, but a much larger part lay around unlisted. In addition to the reintroduction of file stitching and the purchase of file covers, Scherf's concern is the new system, which he also succeeds in applying to his part of the government registry. For already half a year later he reports on the first success of his work and presents the first two repertories (D 79 [Alte Findbücher] Nr. 194 und 5). They contained the following groups, Part One: I. Offices and Cities Subject 1-77 II. Authorities, commissions and cashiers Fach 78 - 103 III. Appendix Fach 104 - 108 The 2nd part contained in the subjects 109 - 231 beside the landscape matters mainly general police matters, but also foreign affairs and customs as well as tax matters. In addition to the new system, Scherf had faced the problem of finally separating the registry from the law firm's registry and of respecting the special registries of the feudal registry (now inventory L 6) and military cases (L 77 C ), as well as those of the fire police and road-building cases, as these had been handled by other registrars. Scherfs' goal, but also that of his successor Ulrich, was the introduction of a central registry, which was only partially enforceable. In terms of systematics, Scherf followed the order of his predecessor Clausing. He stressed that in the police administration he had separated the individual items more sharply, but often the storage was more important to him than the system. He had intended, but not achieved, to set up his own foreign policy department. His internal structure of the individual subjects is still recognizable despite all the supplements: the General Acts are followed by the Special Acts. The recording of the government military registry, which remained separate, was begun by Scherf in 1815 and completed in 1825 (D 79 [Alte Findbücher] No. 4). Scherf's successor Ulrich, who supervised the registry for decades, produced the third "Supplement" subvolume of the government registry until 1822, in which he summarized the previously separate registries of the fire police and the road construction and troop catering items (D 79 [Alte Findbücher] Nr. 6). In the case of this conglomerate, it is no longer possible to speak of an overall system in the registry. While part 1 still shows a system, part 2 is already a sequence of groups - completely disjointed a subarea: foreign -, part 3 is now only a supplement of remaining groups. In addition Ulrich made repertories of the printed matter (D 79 [Alte Findbücher] No. 33) as well as of the cracks and maps (cf. L 77 A No. 1542). The following decades in the development of the government registry are characterized by continuation, expansion and thus space shortage and cassation problems. From 1832 onwards, the number of applications from the registry to the government to collect files increased. In most cases, the opinion of the departmental councils is obtained before consent to the cassation is given. First invoice documents, forms and manual files are destroyed, but then more and more individual files. 1842 is the first time again of a delivery to the archive the speech (Abschoßsachen). But occasionally there are also rejections of a cassation: in 1846 the government considers the military reports from 1807-1816 "still of interest" (L 77 A No. 1567). Then, in 1849, larger cassations are made, which one can understand today at least by the title of the file, e.g. in the case of some files a ban on talking about political objects, 1812, one thinks a little differently today. For the first time, however, the expert opinion of the archive on the cassation proposals of the registrar Ulrich is also requested. Falkmann's principles on cassation, which will remain decisive for the following decades, are based on the "practical value" of the files. In Falkmann's view, the files that had to be preserved were those that dealt with general and lasting legal relationships. Those that related to special incidents and personalities could be destroyed (ibid. 1849 June 14). At first it was not the archivist but Oberregierungsrat v. Meien who spoke of the historical value of the files, when for this reason he rejected the destruction of the special reports of the Legationsrat v. Scherf from Frankfurt. Around this time, more and more printed matter was handed over to the library and files were handed over to the Land Cadastral Commission and the lending bank. The registry dispute with the registry of the newly formed Cabinet Ministry proceeded without much difficulty, as the government files initially used in the Ministry were either returned or continued, so that they became a genuine part of the new registry. The loss of importance of the acts of government after 1853 is not as significant as it would be if a central authority were formed. The actual administrative work was carried out at the level of the government. Only in a few areas did the Cabinet Minister have exclusive competence. After 1850, individual cassations became rarer. 1856 the files are handed over to the archive because of Lippstadt and Schaumburg-Lippe. Here Falkmann has now also recognized the presumptive historical interest as decisive for the permanent preservation of the individual files (L 79 I 20 No. 4 [now L 79 No. 40]). The government registry in its older parts became more and more ready for archiving, but it was not until 1894 that the registry produced a list of the historically valuable files. On 06.11.1899 Archivrat Kiewning then took over the reduced government files of the first 279 subjects, as it was said, only the files until 1830, into the princely Haus- und Landesarchiv. The files were "repertorized" by Kiewning in the following two years and in 1901 the government was informed of the completion of the indexing - the completion of two extensive repertories - (these handwritten finding aids of Kiewning are preserved, now D 79 [Old finding aids] No. 1 and 2). On 21.10.1901 the reduced files of the remaining subjects followed, which Kiewning recorded until 1904 (D 79 [Old finding aids] No. 3). The rest of these reduced files of the government registration of 1813 must have reached the archives in 1911/1912 (cf. D 29 J, special annual report 1912) and in the following years they were combined with the older levies in terms of storage and records. They were made available for use in the three typewritten repertory volumes. The treatment of the present stock or better the present registry layer in the archive is characterized by as little change as possible in the pre-archival order. In 1900-1904 Kiewning recorded the files which had been handed over to him in the preserved registry order by leaving the old order schema unchanged, not changing the signatures, changing the file titles only slightly - there were largely no formulations such as "Acta concerning" - and completing the running times. Larger cassations were also no longer carried out. The amount of work, apart from the handwritten work, was therefore very low. The stock contains a problem that Kiewning should already have noticed, which often caused trouble for later users of the stock and still leads to considerations now. This is the problem of the temporal delimitation of the stock both before 1813 and in relation to the new registry layer formed in 1919-1912. The historical development of the registry makes it clear that in 1813 a large number of files from the repertory of 1771 were still in existence (often dating back to 1749, the date of the predecessor mentioned), which had to be taken over for both factual and traditional reasons and were only partially continued. However, a large part of the files from the period 1771-1812 reached the archive, but only a very small part of them was integrated into the Bone archive system and is therefore hardly accessible to this day. It has therefore been considered to remove all files completed before 1813 from the inventory L 77, to incorporate them into the bones "Pertinence" inventories and then to make them more accessible. Apart from the large amount of work involved, however, the fact that the Bone holdings do not require a file management system, as is usually the case in the preserved files, speaks against this puristic separation of the registry layers, which had to lead to the fact that grown file connections had to be dissolved. Conversely, an integration of the files from the period 1771-1812, as far as they have not yet been incorporated by Knoch or his successors, would be conceivable. It would probably be important, however, that also the bones stocks would be newly registered and developed, then the factual questions can be answered more easily, even if the transitions between the registry layers are still fluid. Similarly annoying is the demarcation of the inventory from the younger strata of the government registry. The reorganisation of the registry in 1910/1912 probably set the time around 1878 as the average year, but overlaps in both registry layers are self-evident and unavoidable. A remedy of this grievance can only be achieved by a repertory unification of all strata of the government registry since 1813, a long-term goal that must be kept in mind when redrawing all government holdings (L 77, L 79 and L 80). The new indexing was carried out according to the usual rules for the recording of titles, whereby, in contrast to the time around the turn of the century, numerous changes to the file titles were now necessary. Either the old registry titles did not correspond to the content or they were incomprehensible or used a stronger concretization. There have also been occasional changes in terms of maturities, as transcripts of older transactions have either been newly recorded or marked as such, shortening the often very distant maturities of files. A similar procedure was followed for the clarification of subsequent files, so that some overlaps between the registry layers only proved to be fictitious. It was not possible to increase the number of files opened up, especially for personnel-related collective files. Such a work must be reserved for special directories, just as the old directories "property sales" still have their validity and make a better use of these series possible. With the reclassification, the basic concept of the first two parts of Scherfs' systematics was retained, but the third part, which was not in the central registry in 1813 for organisational reasons only, had to finally be included in the systematics. It would have been desirable to include the military registry as well, but since the own inventory signature exerts a constraint, the interlocking with the military supply files (Section F [VERA classification: 6.]) can only take place once all government files have been listed. The files of the Lehnkammer (L 6), which was also separate in 1813, will hardly ever be included in a complete index, since they do not know the registry layers of 1813/1878/1912. Despite all adversities, an attempt was made to find a system adapted to the holdings - the registry layer - without anticipating the complete index of all government files from 1813-1947, as this will probably have to be based on the structure of the most recent holdings. Detmold, 1976 signed Sagebiel] The inventory L 77 A was indexed in the years 1974-1976 by the Director of the State Archives Dr. Martin D. Sagebiel, 2009 the retroconversion of the typewritten finding aid by an external service provider and 2011 the import to VERA. During the final check of the VERA finding aid some inconsistencies were corrected (especially spelling mistakes, which apparently led to the assignment of double signatures, occasionally wrong runtimes). Notes, which previously stood between the units of description in the current finding aid text, can now be found as "Remarks" under the heading of the respective classification point. The references to other items ("see also E.4.d") have been adapted to the VERA classification ("5.4.4."). The old finding aids still used until 1979/80 are classified in the inventory D 79 Old finding aids as no. 437-439. Detmold, signed in April 2011. Arno Schwinger In this continuance is one of the densest traditions of the migrant work worldwide, in particular the Lipischen Ziegler. The International Institute for Social History in Amsterdam (IISG) has been researching this form of labour migration for many years. Now the research results of Prof. Dr. Jan Lucassen and Piet Lourens as well as digiatlized archival records from this stock, especially the brick messenger list, as well as references to the sources of L 77 A, L 79 and the civil status documents relevant for bricklayer research are presented in an internet portal: International Institute for Social History . There also individual Ziegler can be determined in a data base.

Preliminary remark: In 1965, the estate of Berthold von Fetzer was handed over to the Main State Archives by Mrs. Friedel Schloßberger-Hoffmann, the granddaughter of Berthold von Fetzer, retired superior. The printed matter and books (including printed matter by Carl August and Berthold von Fetzer) submitted by Mrs. Schloßberger-Hoffmann at that time were classified in the service library of the Main State Archives. The collection contains 40 volumes of diaries from 1868 to 1925 (with gaps), five volumes of notebooks from 1918 to 1923 as well as three photos of Berthold von Fetzer, and the entries of Fetzer on his activities as court physician of King Karl in 1883, 1885 to 1891 (volumes 5-15). Unfortunately the corresponding volume covering the period from April 1883 to February 1885 is missing. According to the correspondence with Mrs. Schloßberger-Hoffmann, it was not handed over to the Main State Archives. The diaries, which were kept in detail in the years 1883 and 1885 to 1891, especially during the King's winter stays in southern France and Italy, contain numerous information about the person of King Charles, his illnesses, his daily routine and his attitude towards the people around him - especially towards Queen Olga, Charles Woodcock (Baron de Savage), Wilhelm Freiherr von Spitzemberg and Julius Albert Freiherr von Griesinger. Fetzer was consulted almost daily by the king, especially during his winter stays in the south, while he did not maintain such close contact with the king during the remaining months when the king was in Stuttgart, Friedrichshafen or Bebenhausen. In addition, the diaries Volumes 5-15 also give interesting insights into farm life. These diaries, which are the most important source about the last years of King Karl, were written by Professor Dr. Paul Sauer for his book "Regent with mild sceptre. For Fetzer's activity as court physician under King Wilhelm II, however, there are no comparable entries except for a diary (volume 17), which contains some information about diseases of Queen Charlotte. This is probably due to the fact that Fetzer was consulted less frequently by the last royal couple of Württemberg and at that time was primarily active as head of the medical department of the newly created Karl Olga Hospital in Stuttgart. In addition to the diaries on court life, the two volumes with entries on Fetzer's work as senior physician at the Fourth Württemberg Field Hospital in the War of 1870/71 (Volumes 1 and 2), in which he reports on his activities in the field hospitals and in the Solitude reserve hospital - including the operations he performed - also deserve attention. In addition to the above-mentioned entries by Fetzer, all of which are in some way connected with his work as a doctor, the diaries naturally also contain numerous references to his family life and provide insights into Fetzer's personality, his diverse interests and political attitudes. In addition to the sometimes very detailed descriptions of his numerous travels in Germany and other European countries, here are notes and comments on his reading in the fields of medicine and natural sciences. literature, art or art history, philosophy and history. There are also frequent reports in the diaries about visits to theatre, opera and concerts, as well as visits to art exhibitions and museums. They convey an impressive picture of a typical educated citizen of the imperial period and are therefore of importance for cultural, mental and social history. The descriptions of his travels and even more the notes and commentaries on his reading - like a red thread, so to speak - run through almost all of his diaries, whereby in the diaries of the years 1913 to 1925 (volumes 27-40) - possibly due to a lack of reportable external experiences of Fetzer - they occupy a large space. In addition to the diaries, Fetzer also kept pure notebooks with notes for his reading between 1918 and 1923 (vol. 41-45). The estate of Fetzer was recorded in the summer of 1997 by the candidate archive inspectors Nicole Schütz and Andre Kayser. The title recordings were edited by Archive Inspector Eberhard Merk in autumn 1999. The stock comprises 46 title records in 0.3 metres. Stuttgart, November 1999 Eberhard Merk

History of the Inventor: On 7 November 1918, the Armistice Commission (WAKO) was formed to conduct armistice negotiations with the Interalied Permanent Armistice Commission (Commission interalliée permanente d'armistice); initially under the direct authority of the Reich Chancellor, since February / March 1919 under the auspices of the Federal Foreign Office; dissolved on 30 November 1918.9.1920. Inventory description: Inventory history The inventory was transferred from the Federal Foreign Office to the Reichsarchiv in 1929 and recorded in the sequence of registry signatures. After the files had been removed during the Second World War, the German Central Archive Potsdam (later the Central State Archive Potsdam) took over the armistice commission after 1945. Concrete information on war-related outsourcing losses could not be provided due to a lack of finding aids. It can be seen from the signatures of the individual volumes of records transferred to the Reich Archives that the losses were considerable in some cases. The first processing took place in the Reichsarchiv from Jan. 1932 to Apr. 1933 and again until Aug. 1934. Archival evaluation and processing As the Auswärtiges Amt announced at the time, the files were subjected to a review before they were handed over to the Reichsarchiv, albeit only an external one. The numerous duplicates and transcript collections, which each department had created separately for itself, were sorted out. The library of the Federal Foreign Office took over the collection of printed matter. Parts of the files had to be filed in the Reichsarchiv, since the Wako registry mainly used Leitz files, many of which contained only a few documents. On the basis of the list of files, the Federal Foreign Office often combined 4-5 documents that belonged together objectively and were laid out separately into one file volume. Both on the file and on its back the subjects were listed, so that the decomposition of the processes in the Reichsarchiv could be carried out effortlessly. Files that contained documents were bound, files that contained only copies without marginalia were filed in folders. Documents of general content, such as minutes of the Reichsministerien meetings, have not been handed down in the Wako files. The Wako received its instructions from the Imperial Ministries, where the corresponding file material might also be found. It acted only in special matters, which were seen as a kind of cooperation with the Interalliated Permanent Armistice Commission (Commission interalliée permanente d'armistice, Cipa). According to the Federal Foreign Office's statements, only the countless applications for entry to Alsace-Lorraine and the occupied territory in the West were segregated from the processed files. The latter were handed over to the Entente powers in lists, dealt with by them according to lists and later answered by the Wako on forms. In its short history, the Ceasefire Commission had not been able to find a truly stable organizational form. As a result, no longer valid registration scheme could be found. Without a substantial revision of the content, the titles of the files were entered into the database, largely in nominal form. The content of too many of the notes on contents was cut back. Based on the traditional list of files and the organisational structure of the Wako, the present classification was created, which underwent some changes through the creation of series and volume sequences in the archives. Due to the mixing of several processes within a file, it was not always possible to assign them unambiguously to the classification scheme. The currently valid continuous signatures of the Armistice Commission were issued in the Federal Archives in the 1990s. The necessary work and changes for the database-supported implementation and the creation of an online version took place in 2006. Content characterisation: Central registry and general department; subject area II Press; subject area III Information and passport matters; subject area VI Military matters; subject area VIII Affairs of the western occupied territory (except Alsace-Lorraine) and the neutral zone; subject area IX Poland; subject area S III Food import; interdisciplinary files 1918-1920; registration aids; printed matters; hand files of the financial expert of the WAKO, Dr. Carl Melchior. State of development: Findbuch 1935, 1970; Online-Findbuch 2006 Citation method: BArch, R 904/...