Paul Klunzinger was born on 26 May 1828 in Güglingen as the son of Karl Klunzinger (1799-1861) and Sophie Koch (1808-1847). After attending the Polytechnic School in Stuttgart (1842-1848/49), he emigrated via Italy to Austria, where from January 1850 he worked as an engineer for railway constructions in various projects. In the 1880s, Paul Klunzinger increasingly turned to hydraulic engineering and, in this context, participated in the preparation of expert reports and expert opinions. Among the projects in which he participated as an engineer or expert are the Klagenfurt - Villach railway line, the Raab - Budapest railway line and a project on the curvature of the Vienna River. The children Henriette (1854), Paul (Pál) ( 1858), Helene (1860), Richard (1865), Walther ( 1868) and Otto (1872) are descended from the marriage with Anna Mauch (wedding in the year 1854). Paul followed in his father's footsteps and became an architect; Richard became a doctor in Steyr. Her uncle, Paul's younger brother Karl Benjamin Klunzinger (1834-1914), made a name for himself as a doctor and zoologist. Before he became Professor of Zoology, Anthropology and Hygiene at the Polytechnic in Stuttgart in 1884, he had spent several years as a doctor in the Egyptian town of Al-Qusair (Koseir). Like his brother and his children, he always remained attached to his homeland. The family archive Klunzinger/Koch/Mauch was transferred by Dr. Anton Schimatzek from Vienna to the main state archive Stuttgart in 1988. Contents and evaluation Paul Klunzinger and his professional activity as a railway engineer and expert in questions of hydraulic engineering are at the centre of the tradition. In addition to private documents on him and his family, the collection also contains sketches and calculations from various construction projects, including the curvature of the Vienna River and the design of the Vienna Danube Canal. The private documents consist of letters, poems, drawings, family memories and genealogical documents such as family trees and "ancestor passports". They span several generations and provide insights into the family cohesion of a family originally from Swabia who succeeded in the Habsburg Monarchy in the 19th and 20th centuries, and they reflect the political, social and cultural moods of their time. Documents on the activities of Paul Klunzinger, who became a municipal architect in Budapest and was involved in the planning of the Erzsébet-kilátó (Elisabeth Lookout Tower), are kept in the Budapest Föváros Levéltára archive.

Records, notes and excerpts on the psychology of peoples, in particular on society and law. Literature lists and short excerpts [p. 1-6], titles mentioned a.o.:a) Lipps: Basic facts of the soul's life. Bonn: Cohen, 1883;b) Lock: Experiment on the Human Mind;c) unnamed treatise by Höffding, presumably Höffding: Psychology in outlines based on experience. 2nd Aufl. Leipzig : Reisland, 1893;d) Beneke: Textbook of Psychology as Natural Science. 3rd Aufl. Berlin [a.o.]: Mittler, 1861;e) unnamed treatise by Volkmann;f) Rehmke: Lehrbuch der allgemeinen Psychologie. 2. edition] Leipzig: Kesselringsche Hofbuchhandlung, [1905];2.) Draft structure/chapter overviews of the 9th volume of "Peoples Psychology" (bibliogr. details see below) [p. 7,11];3.) Demolition of a "legal definition" of the railway [p. 6-8];4.) Notes, short excerpts and literature lists on various topics, including excerpts from Schmidt's treatise on Australian languages [p. 12-15];5.) Excerpts from ethnological-legalistic publications, e.g. by Spieth, Waitz (presumably "Anthropologie der Naturvölker") and Köhler (presumably Köhler: Das Banturecht in Ostafrika, in: Zeitschrift für vergleichende Rechtswissenschaft 15 (1902), p. 1-83) [p. 17-26];6.) Varia, especially short references to literature.parts of the records are used in later works by Wundts, especially in:Wilhelm Wundt: Völkerpsychologie. A study of the developmental laws of language, myth and custom. 7-9th band. Leipzig: Kröner, 1917-1918.

Contains among other things: Publications on the construction of the railway line Neu Moschi - Aruscha including the conversions into additional buildings on the main line of the Usambara line in D e u t s c h - O s t a f r i k a and on the construction of the railway from Tabora to Kagera (Rwanda line), 1914

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Preliminary remark: Karl Hein was born on 20 February 1901 in Frankfurt/Main. After passing the one-year voluntary examination, he joined the Royal Prussian Railway Administration in Frankfurt in 1916, where he was initially employed in field service at railway stations and offices as well as in telegraph and radio service. In 1927 he won a prize at the 4th International Telegraph Competition in Como and obtained the Funkpatent I in Berlin. Great. From 1934 to 1941, he was responsible for drawing up express train timetables and bus traffic on Reichsautobahnen in the timetable department of the Reichsbahn Directorate in Frankfurt. Between 1941 and 1945 he organized the Wehrmacht vacation traffic and courier services at the Reich Ministry of Transport in Berlin. Immediately after World War II, Karl Hein was employed as a travel official at the Frankfurt regional office of the United States Zone in connection with U.S. Railway stations (Railway Grand Divisions and Second Military Railway Service), where he was responsible for rebuilding rail traffic. From 1947 until his retirement in 1964, he was employed in the operations department of the Head Office of the Railways (HVE), later the Head Office of the German Federal Railways (HVB), from 1947 until his retirement in 1964, and from 1948 as head of their travel agency. In this function, Karl Hein had the task of organising and supervising train journeys for high-ranking personalities, in particular heads of state and members of government, at home and abroad. Since he took part in these special train journeys himself, he came into personal contact with almost everything that had rank and name in the Federal Republic of the 50s. Among others he accompanied Theodor Heuss, Heinrich Lübke, Konrad Adenauer, Ludwig Erhard, Charles de Gaulle, Schah Reza Pahlevi, Jawaharlal Nehru and Indira Gandhi, Alcide de Gasperi, Emperor Haile Selassie I. of Ethiopia, King Paul I. of Greece, Archbishop Makarios, etc.The highlight of his career was undoubtedly his participation in Adenauer's trip to Moscow in 1955, which resulted in the establishment of diplomatic relations between Bonn and Moscow and the release of the German prisoners of war. For his work he received numerous awards, such as the Federal Cross of Merit and Officer's Crosses of Orders in Italy, Greece, Madagascar and Liberia. Karl Hein collected numerous memorabilia on his travels, especially postcards and photos, but also file material, invitation cards, travel programs etc. and kept them carefully, partly glued on photo cardboard and inscribed. This collection was donated by his daughter Lydia von Prondzynski, Bad Oberdorf, to the Ludwigsburg State Archives in 1991. It documents not only a special piece of railway history at a time when trains were still travelling as "rolling embassies" of statesmen through documents about technical details of the trains looked after by Karl Hein and about the condition of the routes travelled, but also allows a charming look behind the scenes of major state visits.The present stock PL 718, which comprises 0.4 linear m = 15 archive units, was ordered and indexed by the undersigned in February 1991. The computer-aided fair copy of the repertory was obtained by Hildegard Aufderklamm.Ludwigsburg, March 1991Leuchweis

Contains among other things: Chinese plans to increase customs duties in the province of Schantung and the attitude of the Reichsmarineamt (with numerous memorandums, etc.), 1911 "Xenophobic attitude of the Young Chinese Association for the Study of Railway and Mining Issues in Schantung" in Tsinanfu, 1912 "Report of the Chamber of Commerce of Tsingtau for the Year 1911" (print), 1912

Contains among other things: Support of the German-Chinese Silk Industry Society by granting export bonuses, 1907 Award of a mining concession in the province of Schantung to the company Sietas, Plambeck und Co., Tsingtau, 1908 - 1909 Counter-trials against German concessions in Schantung, danger of boycott measures, 1908 - 1909 Project to set up Chinese railway customs offices at the Schantung Railway to levy transit duties in favour of the province of Schantung, 1909 - 1910

Contains among other things: Establishment of a direct Tsingtaus steamboat connection with the Yalu estuary for the transport of raw material for silk production from Manchuria (application by the German-Chinese Silk Industry Society), (1903) 1904 Attacks on the German administration in Kiautschou in the Chinese press, 1904 Railway construction projects of the Chinese-German Tschunghsiang Coal Society of Ihsien in Schantung ("Ihsien Society") and question of German concession rights in the province of Schantung, 1904 customs collection procedure in Tsingtau, 1904

History of the inventor: On 14 November 1897, the German Reich occupied the Chinese port of Tsingtau and, in a contract with the Chinese Empire dated 6 March 1898, leased an area of 550 km² with Tsingtau as its centre for 99 years - the Kiautschou protectorate. The province of Schantung, to which the leased area actually belonged, was declared a German area of interest and a neutral zone. In this area the empire received concessions for the construction and maintenance of railway lines and mines. However, as early as 30 October 1895, the German Reich had the right to establish branches in the international contracted ports of Tientsin and Hankou, which had existed since 1859/60. And of course the empire, like the other great powers and other states involved in China trade, also maintained a legation in Beijing. German missions were also active in the interior of China, as were German merchants, especially in Shanghai. The German Reich was therefore indeed heavily involved in China and saw itself as such. Against this background, the xenophobic riots in China in Germany that began at the end of 1899 and quickly became more serious were perceived as a threat. The regent, Empress Cixi, remained ambiguous at first in her measures against the "fist fighters united in righteousness", referred to by the colonial powers as "boxers" for short, units of the imperial Chinese army partly allied themselves with them. The uprising continued to increase from January 1900 onwards, with excessive acts of violence against Chinese Christians and foreigners. From May 1900 the foreign landscapes in Beijing were threatened by insurgents, the railway lines from Beijing to the coast were attacked. The Gesandschaften therefore requested military support. In May 1900, the German Reich sent a contingent of the III Sea Battalion stationed in Tsingtau to Beijing, two further companies were ordered to Tientsin, and the cruiser squadron moved to the roadstead before the Taku forts at the mouth of the river Peiho. Meanwhile, the situation in Beijing continued to deteriorate and further troops were needed. In June 1900, the troops of the colonial powers in China formed an expeditionary corps led by the British admiral Seymour (2066 men). However, this was stopped in mid-June by Chinese troops (boxers and regular army) and had to turn back. The foreigners and Chinese Christians in Beijing had meanwhile barricaded themselves in the Gesandschaftsviertel and were cut off from the outside world. The allied colonial powers (USA, Great Britain, France, Germany, Italy, Austria-Hungary, Russia, Japan) stormed the Taku-Forts on June 17, the Chinese government ultimatively called on all foreigners to leave China on June 19. On 20 June the German envoy, Baron Clemens von Ketteler, was murdered in Beijing. By edict of 21 June, China effectively declared war on the Allies, but this was not reciprocated by them. The Allied troops withdrew to Tientsin at the end of June 1900. In Germany, on 25 June, a naval expedition corps of 2528 men (under Major General von Höpfner) was formed from the members of the naval infantry. In addition, on 3 July the order was given to set up an expedition corps of volunteers from the army (under Lieutenant General von Lessel). The Allies had agreed to form an international expeditionary corps, with Germany as commander-in-chief. On 12 August 1900, the former chief of the Great General Staff, Field Marshal Alfred Graf von Waldersee, was appointed commander-in-chief of the international armed force, which finally comprised 64,000 troops. Waldersee used the "Army Command East Asia" as a staff. The East Asian Expeditionary Corps set sail with its first parts on 27 July in Bremerhaven, when Emperor Wilhelm II gave the famous "Hun speech" at their farewell. With the 19,093 men of its East Asian Expeditionary Corps under Lieutenant General von Lessel, the German Reich provided almost a third of the international armed forces. Structure of the East Asian Expeditionary Corps: 3 infantry brigades to 2 infantry regiments with 9 companies each 1 fighter company 1 cavalry regiment to 4 escadrons 1 field artillery regiment to 3 divisions with a total of 8 batteries 2 light ammunition columns 1 battalion heavy field howitzers with 2 batteries 1 pioneer regiment with 9 companies each 1 hunter company 1 cavalry regiment to 4 escadrons 1 field artillery regiment to 3 divisions with a total of 8 batteries 2 light ammunition columns 1 battalion heavy field howitzers with 2 batteries 1 pioneerBattalion of 3 Companies 1 Railway Battalion of 3 Companies 1 Corps Telegraph Department 1 Medical Company 1 Munitions Column Department with 7 Munitions Columns 1 Train Command with 3 Supply Columns, 1 field bakery company, 6 field hospitals 1 stage command with 1 horse depot, 1 military hospital depot, 1 stage ammunition column, personnel for 3 war hospitals and one hospital ship, several supply stations Already on the 4th day of operations, the first day of operations was at the hospital. On August 1, the Allied troops (about 20,000 men) gathered in Tientsin had once again set out and this time were able to fight their way through to Beijing. On August 14, Beijing was taken and then plundered for three days. The Chinese government fled to the south. When the international troops under Waldersee arrived in China, the situation was essentially settled, Beijing and Tientsin were horrified. Numerous "punitive expeditions" for the final destruction of the Boxers followed, in which the East Asian Expeditionary Corps was also intensively involved. The Allied approach was characterized by excessive brutality and numerous riots against the civilian population. On January 10, 1901, the Regent accepted the conditions of the Allies as laid down in the "Boxer Protocol" signed on September 7, 1901. The East Asian Expeditionary Corps was disbanded on 17 May 1901 and transformed into the East Asian Occupation Brigade stationed at Beijing, Tientsin, Langfang, Yangtsun, Tangku and Shanghaikwan. Structure of the East Asian Occupation Brigade: 1 command staff with administrative authorities 2 infantry regiments with 6 companies each, of which 1 company mounted 1 escadron hunter on horseback 1 field battery 1 pioneer company with telegraph detachment 1 field hospital The East Asian Occupation Brigade was further reduced in size and restructured on 1 May and 11 December 1902. On 6 March 1906, the East Asian Occupation Brigade was also dissolved and replaced by a battalion-strength detachment. This was replaced on 5 April 1909 by a naval infantry unit, which was wound up in 1910. The East Asian Department in the Prussian Ministry of War (inventory PH 2) was organizationally responsible. Processing note: The holdings initially comprised only three AE, which together with the few files of the Schutztruppen formed the holdings of RW 51 Kaiserliche Schutztruppen and other armed forces overseas. In 2008, nine further AE of different origins were added and a separate portfolio RW 61 was now formed. The inventory was developed in February 2010. Description of the holdings: The holdings contain the documents of the East Asian Expeditionary Corps and the East Asian Occupation Brigade, as far as they are available in the military archives. Characterization of content: The inventory contains hardly any real material files. It consists mainly of several German-Chinese place name glossaries. Worth mentioning is a publication about the locations Langfang, Yangtsun, Tangku and Schanghaikwan with numerous illustrations. State of development: The inventory initially comprised only three AE, which together with the few files of the Schutztruppen formed the inventory RW 51 Kaiserliche Schutztruppen and other armed forces overseas. In 2008, nine further AE of different origins were added and a separate portfolio RW 61 was now formed. The inventory was developed in February 2010. Pre-archival order: The documents of the East Asian Expeditionary Corps and the East Asian Occupation Brigade must essentially be regarded as lost in the fire of the Army Archives in 1945. Only pieces that have survived by chance have been preserved. These were supplemented by documents from the environment of the two associations, the branches in Tientsin, Hankou and Beijing. Citation style: BArch, RW 61/...

Description of the holdings: The collection compiled by Eugen von Donat consists of documents on the history, technology and individual associations and institutions of the railways in the First and Second World Wars. In addition, the collection contains documents on war damage to road and railway bridges in Baden-Württemberg and, above all, extensive map material on Westwall sites. Citation style: BArch, MSG 105/...

The collection "Landratsamt Monschau mit der Signatur BR 0036" covers the period between 1816 and 1972 and consists of 433 files arranged according to subject areas. In the years 1887 and 1941, files from the Monschau District Office were taken over by the HSA Düsseldorf. The district of Monschau was formed in 1816 from the municipalities of Eicherscheid, Höfen, Imgenbroich, Kalterherberg, Kesternich, Konzen, Lammersdorf, Monschau, Mützenich, Roetgen, Rohren, Rott, Ruhrberg (later Rurberg), Schmidt, Simmerath, Steckenborn, Strauch, Vossenack and Zweifall. Monschau was at the same time the district town. Later these churches were divided into the following five ministries: Amt Imgenbroich (Eicherscheid. Imgenbroich, Konzen and Mützenich), Amt Kalterherberg (Kalterherberg, Höfen, Rohre), Amt Kesternich (Kesternich, Rurberg, Schmidt, Steckenborn, Strauch), Amt Roetgen (Roetgen, Rott, Zweifall), Amt Simmerath (Simmerath, Lammersdorf, Vossenack). Previously the district was called Montjoie and has only since 1918 the today's name Monschau. Until 1945 the district of Monschau belonged to the Prussian administrative district of Aachen in the Rhine province. From 1945 the district belonged to the British occupation zone and from 1946 to the state of North Rhine-Westphalia. In 1949, the district of Monschau changed to the federal state of North Rhine-Westphalia, which belonged to the administrative district of Aachen. In 1972 the district of Monschau was dissolved in the course of the municipal restructuring and almost completely integrated into the district of Aachen. The Monschau District Office had a double function. As an actual organ of the administrative district the office had to fulfill tasks of the country and the national administration. The holdings of the Monschau District Office include subjects such as district administration, municipal administration, construction, immigration and emigration, railways, fishing, forestry, agriculture, melioration, health care, military, trade and commerce, churches, police and schools. The files are to be ordered and quoted with indication of the inventory signature and current no., e.g. BR 0036 No. 72 Literature: Pilgram, Hans: Der Landkreis Monschau, Bonn 1958. The inventory "Landratsamt Monschau mit der Signatur BR 0036 covers the period between 1816 and 1972. It consists of 433 files, which are arranged according to subject areas. In the years 1887 and 1941, files from the Monschau District Office were taken over by the HSA Düsseldorf. The district of Monschau was formed in 1816 from the municipalities of Eicherscheid, Höfen, Imgenbroich, Kalterherberg, Kesternich, Konzen, Lammersdorf, Monschau, Mützenich, Roetgen, Rohren, Rott, Ruhrberg (later Rurberg), Schmidt, Simmerath, Steckenborn, Strauch, Vossenack and Zweifall. Monschau was at the same time the district town. Later these churches were divided into the following five ministries: Amt Imgenbroich (Eicherscheid. Imgenbroich, Konzen and Mützenich), Amt Kalterherberg (Kalterherberg, Höfen, Rohre), Amt Kesternich (Kesternich, Rurberg, Schmidt, Steckenborn, Strauch), Amt Roetgen (Roetgen, Rott, Zweifall), Amt Simmerath (Simmerath, Lammersdorf, Vossenack). Previously the district was called Montjoie and has only since 1918 the today's name Monschau. Until 1945 the district of Monschau belonged to the Prussian administrative district of Aachen in the Rhine province. From 1945 the district belonged to the British occupation zone and from 1946 to the state of North Rhine-Westphalia. In 1949, the district of Monschau changed to the federal state of North Rhine-Westphalia, which belonged to the administrative district of Aachen. In 1972 the district of Monschau was dissolved in the course of the municipal restructuring and almost completely integrated into the district of Aachen. As an actual organ of the administrative district the office had to fulfill tasks of the country and the national administration. The holdings of the Monschau District Office include subjects such as district administration, municipal administration, construction, immigration and emigration, railways, fishing, forestry, agriculture, melioration, health care, military, trade and commerce, churches, police and schools. The files are to be ordered and quoted with indication of the inventory signature and current no., e.g. BR 0036 no. 72 Literatur:Pilgram, Hans: Der Landkreis Monschau, Bonn 1958.

• 1896-1897, Landesarchiv Baden-Württemberg, Dept. Hauptstaatsarchiv Stuttgart, Q 2/48 bequests Rudolf von Gansser sen. and Rudolf Gansser jun. Contains among others: 1896: First experiences in Dar es Salaam (13.12.96); detailed description of the journey via Switzerland, Italy, Suez Canal to the arrival in Tanga (subsequently written after arrival in Dar es Salaam) (13.11.-7.12); description of Tanga (7th century); description of the journey to Tanga (13.11.-7.12).12.); quartering (8.12.); description of Dar es Salaam (with sketch p. 76), local people, animals, furnishing of his room (9.12.); customs clearance of imported weapons and photographic equipment, visit to the Sultan of Zanzibar (20.); visit to the Sultan of Zanzibar (20.); visit to the Sultan of Zanzibar (20.); visit to the Sultan of Zanzibar (20.).26.12); Christmas party (24. and 25.12.)<br />1897: Suicide and funeral of First Lieutenant Bresler (1.1.1897); preparation of the expedition (3.1.-9.1.); shipping from Zanzibar to Saadani (11.1.); Christmas celebration (24. and 25.12.)<br />1897: Suicide and funeral of First Lieutenant Bresler (1.1.1897); preparation of the expedition (3.1.-9.1.); shipping from Zanzibar to Saadani (11.1.)); solemn greeting of the new governor Colonel Liebert (17.1.); illness of Gansser and recovery (17.1.-20.01); order for the topographic survey of the country (20./21.1.); march into the interior of the country (25.1.).); Usambara Railway, arrival of Gasser at the plantation of Mr Georg Sander in Lewa (27.01.); construction of a trigonometric signal at the highest point of the plantation Sanders (28.01. - 04.02.).); visit of the governor Liebert in Lewa and visit of the trigonometric signal, short description of the coffee plantation in Lewa (05.02.); construction of a ground floor pyramid as a signal at Tongue Mountain, supply of Gansser's people by the natives (06.02); punishment of a young native boy by Mr. Hutcup (12.02.); ascent and descent to Mlinga (13.02.); erection of a trigonometric signal there (21.02.); march to Segoma mountain, erection of a signal there (22.-23.02., 28.2.); erection of a trigonometric signal there (21.02.); erection of a signal there (22.-23.02., 28.2.)); march on to Maramba, description of the village (01.03.); congratulations to the king, post from his homeland (03.03.); march on to Mount Wuga (06.03.) and erection of a signal there (07.03.); discussion with the technician Hutcup (08.03.); departure to Nielo mountain (12.3.) and erection of a signal there (13.3. ff); ascent to Lutindi, refusal to work by the aid organisations (17.3.); departure to Nielo mountain (12.3.) and erection of a signal there (13.3. ff); ascent to Lutindi, refusal to work by the aid organisations (17.3.)); construction of a signal there, exact description of the plant, after completion celebration with the assistants with Pombe (brown drink), Ngoma (drum) and dances of the natives (21.03.); illness of the blacks and cupping method against it (22.03.); healing methods of the natives (23.03.).); smaller signals set by the predecessors, from Kombola to Siai (29.03.); mail received (07.04.); erection of smaller signals by Böhler (13.04.); plantations and their ownership (15.04.); Easter as guest on the plantation of Mr. and Mrs. v. Horn near Nyuelo, birthday presents from home, birthday party on the plantation (17.04. ff.); description of the house of v. Horn (26.04.); onward journey to Kwamkoro (30.04.); the market of Kwamkoro (02.05.); march to the Bulwa mountains (11.05.); further stops at the v. Horns, completion of a signal under difficulties (16.05. ff.); ceremonial inauguration of the signal of Nyuelo, which was given to the wife v. Horn, Drunkenness of Wolffhauer (30.05.); March to Muhesa (04.06.); Assessment of the work of the land surveyor Böhler (05.06.); Theft of Gansser's left luggage (14. and 15.06.); further stay at the v. Horns, a.o. birthday party for Mr. v. Horn (16.06.); Ganssers dog "Flock" (11.07.); the plantation of the Wißmahl brothers, dispute with Böhler because of the basis of the triangulation, march of the caravan to Hakoko (12.07.); on the territory of the English mission (13.07.); further march towards Lutindi (19.07.); ascent to the Mashindei (20.07.); construction of a camp and a signal there (21.07. ff.) description: Contains and others: 1896: First experiences in Dar es Salaam (13.12.96); detailed description of the journey via Switzerland, Italy, Suez Canal to the arrival in Tanga (subsequently written after arrival in Dar es Salaam) (13.11.-7.12); description of Tanga (7th century); description of the journey to Tanga (13.11.-7.12).12.); quartering (8.12.); description of Dar es Salaam (with sketch p. 76), local people, animals, furnishing of his room (9.12.); customs clearance of imported weapons and photographic equipment, visit to the Sultan of Zanzibar (20.); visit to the Sultan of Zanzibar (20.); visit to the Sultan of Zanzibar (20.); visit to the Sultan of Zanzibar (20.).26.12); Christmas party (24. and 25.12.) 1897: Suicide and funeral of First Lieutenant Bresler (1.1.1897); preparation of the expedition (3.1.-9.1.); shipping from Zanzibar to Saadani (11.1.); Christmas celebration (24. and 25.12.) 1897: Suicide and funeral of First Lieutenant Bresler (1.1.1897); preparation of the expedition (3.1.-9.1.); shipping from Zanzibar to Saadani (11.1.)); solemn greeting of the new governor Colonel Liebert (17.1.); illness of Gansser and recovery (17.1.-20.01); order for the topographic survey of the country (20./21.1.); march into the interior of the country (25.1.).); Usambara Railway, arrival of Gasser at the plantation of Mr Georg Sander in Lewa (27.01.); construction of a trigonometric signal at the highest point of the plantation Sanders (28.01. - 04.02.).); visit of the governor Liebert in Lewa and visit of the trigonometric signal, short description of the coffee plantation in Lewa (05.02.); construction of a ground floor pyramid as a signal at Tongue Mountain, supply of Gansser's people by the natives (06.02); chastisement of a young native boy by Mr. Hutcup (12.02.); ascent and descent to Mlinga (13.02.); erection of a trigonometric signal there (21.02.); march to Mount Segoma, erection of a signal there (22.-23.02., 28.2.); march on to Maramba, description of the village (01.03.); congratulations to the king, post from home (03.03.); march on to Mount Wuga (06.03.) and erection of a signal there (07.03.); visit of the village (01.03.); visit of the village (07.03.).); discussion with the technician Hutcup (08.03.); march on the Nielo mountain (12.3.) and erection of a signal there (13.3. ff); ascent to the Lutindi, refusal to work by the supporters (17.3. ff); the first day of the tour (13.3. ff); the second day of the tour (17.3. ff).); construction of a signal there, exact description of the plant, after completion celebration with the assistants with Pombe (brown drink), Ngoma (drum) and dances of the natives (21.03.); illness of the blacks and cupping method on the other hand (22.03.); healing methods of the natives (23.03.); smaller signals set by the predecessors, from Kombola to Siai (29.03.); received mail (07.04.); erection of smaller signals by Böhler (13.04.); plantations and their ownership (15.); the development of the plantations and their ownership (15.).04.); Easter as guest on the plantation of Mr. and Mrs. v. Horn near Nyuelo, birthday presents from home, birthday party on the plantation (17.04. ff.); description of the house of v. Horn (26.04.); onward journey to Kwamkoro (30.04.); the market of Kwamkoro (02.05.); march to the Bulwa mountains (11.05.); further stops at the v. Horns, completion of a signal under difficulties (16.05. ff.); solemn inauguration of the signal of Nyuelo dedicated to Frau v. Horn; drunkenness of Wolffhauer (30.05.); march to Muhesa (04.06.); evaluation of the work of the land surveyor Böhler (05.06.); theft of Gansser's left luggage (14. and 15.06.); further stay at v. Horns, among others birthday party for Mr. v. Horn (16.06.); Gansser's dog "Flock" (11.07.); the plantation of the Wißmahl brothers, dispute with Böhler because of the basis of the triangulation, march of the caravan to Hakoko (12.07.); on the territory of the English mission (13.07.); further march towards Lutindi (19.07.); ascent to the Mashindei (20.07.); construction of a camp and a signal there (21.07. ff.)

Schwartz, Wolfgang, Oberleutnant im Eisenbahnregiment Nr. 1 Bestellung zum 2. Kommissar der deutschen Abteilung der deutsch-französischen Kamerun-Süd-Grenzexpedition (Erlass des Auswärtigen Amtes), 1906 [fol. 58] Deutsch-spanische Grenzexpedition - Dienstanweisung für Oberleutnant Schwartz zur Festlegung des Verlaufes des Kampo. - Report by Captain Förster to the Foreign Office, 1906 [fol. 70]

1st Deputy General Command XIII (K.W.) Army Corps: When Emperor Wilhelm II declared a state of war on the Reich's territory on 31 July 1914, the Prussian Law on the State of Siege of 4 June 1851, which conferred executive power on the military commanders, came into force at the same time (1). The military commanders were the commanding generals of the individual army corps and the governors and commanders of fortresses whose orders had to be obeyed by the civilian authorities. For the first day of mobilization, 2 August 1914, the mobilization plan provided for the establishment of the deputy command authorities, which, after the previous command authorities had moved away, were to take over their command and business area independently on the sixth day of mobilization (2). At the same time, the powers of the military commander were transferred to the deputy commanding general, who led the supreme command of the remaining occupying, replacement and garrison troops. Only responsible to the emperor as the "Most High Warlord", the military commander was not bound to instructions of the Bundesrat, the chancellor or the war ministry. According to Article 68 of the Reich Constitution, the military commander assumed responsibility for handling the state of siege in his area of command. The constitution allowed him to intervene in the legal situation by declaring the intensified state of war, to restrict constitutionally guaranteed freedoms and to establish war courts. In Württemberg, however, the declaration of the intensified state of war was dispensed with, since the existing laws offered a sufficient basis for the ability of the deputy commanding general to act (3). Although the cooperation between military commanders and civilian authorities was not regulated uniformly until October 1918, in Württemberg, similar to Bavaria, there was from the outset a coordination between the military and civilian executive powers. This was particularly encouraged by the union of the offices of Minister of War and Deputy Commanding General in the hands of General von Marchtalers (4). Army corps were from 2.8.1914 to 1.9.1914 general of the infantry retired Otto von Hügel, from 1.9.1914 to 21.1.1916 general of the infantry Otto von Marchtaler and from 21.1.1916 to end of war general of the infantry retired Paul von Schaefer. Chief of Staff was Major General 2. D. Theodor von Stroebel (5) from the beginning to the end of the war. At the beginning of the mobilization, 7 officers and 14 sub-officials transferred to the Deputy General Command, which had its official seat at Kriegsbergstraße 32. It soon became apparent that the business volume was expanding considerably, individual lines of business were growing strongly and new ones were being added, so that an increase in the number of employees and the expansion of the premises became necessary. The new tasks brought a further strong enlargement of the administrative apparatus under the sign of the "Vaterländischen Hilfsdienst" and the Hindenburg Programme (6). The scope of duties of the Deputy General Command included military, economic and political matters. Various authorities were subordinated to him: the Deputy Infantry Brigades, the Landwehr Inspectorate, since 1917 the Military Central Police Station and the Post- and Deport Monitoring Centre (Schubpol) Stuttgart. The distribution of responsibilities changed several times in line with the expansion of tasks. According to the business distribution plan (Appendix), which came into effect on 27 August 1917, the central task was initially to ensure that the field army could meet its needs for crew and war material. The recruitment and training of replacements, the establishment of the "troop units ordered by the War Minister and the transfer of replacement crews to the field troops were priority tasks" (Departments l a and Il b). A subdivision la 3, specially created for horse affairs, which dealt with the recruitment and military and civilian use of horses in the troops and at home, underlines the great importance of the horse as a riding, working and pack animal in the First World War. In addition to military tasks in the narrower sense, including the handling of all officers' affairs (Department Ha), the Deputy General Command was primarily responsible for political and administrative tasks. In August 1917, the Ile defence department was set up, which carried out security measures against feared enemy attacks on the transport network and important war operations by organising railway protection and air defence. The surveillance of railway and border traffic, passport and registration regulations and the inspection of foreigners served to protect military secrets and defend against espionage and sabotage. This area also includes the various efforts made to control correspondence. A central chemical office (department Il e Abwiss.) should uncover and decipher secret documents. Another task of the Deputy General Command was the accommodation and care of prisoners of war in camps and their employment in industry and agriculture (Department Il f). With the duration of the war, the shortage of raw materials and food grew as a result of Germany's exclusion from the world economy. Rationing and coercive management were inevitable. In addition, there was a shortage of labour, which required the mobilisation of all material and human resources. The Hindenburg Programme attempted to adapt the production of war material to the increased demand. The 'Vaterländische Hilfsdienstgesetz' was intended to solve the problem of job creation (7). In November 1916, the Prussian War Ministry established a War Office "for the management of all matters related to the overall conduct of the war concerning the procurement, use and nutrition of workers, as well as the procurement of raw materials, weapons and ammunition," to which the Deputy General Commands were subordinated in all matters of war economics (8) . The Deputy General Command was responsible for the management of the labor market, measures to ensure food security for the population and troops, the allocation of labor and raw materials, and measures to increase industrial production necessary for the needs of war. For example, the control office of the Daimler plants made it possible to monitor arms production, but it also allowed influence to be exerted on the working conditions and wages of the employees and the pricing of the companies. The supervision of political life in the area of command was carried out via § 9b of the Siege Act, which allowed intervention in all areas of public life to maintain security and order (9). The militarization of war-important enterprises served to avoid demonstrations and strikes. The right of association and assembly was restricted. Censorship became a useful instrument to influence the mood of the people in the sense of the rulers. It covered the pre- and post-censorship of the press, letters, telegrams and mail, as well as the import of newspapers and magazines. The communications intended for the public on domestic political issues or military news were also subject to censorship. The attempt to strengthen the will of the population to persevere through official propaganda, called "war enlightenment" (10), was added to this. For this purpose propaganda lectures were established in the deputy general commandos, Captain (ret.) Heinrich Hermelink, Professor of Church History in Marburg, was hired as a reconnaissance officer of the XIII Army Corps. Under Ludendorff the Oberzensurbehörde became the executive organ of the Supreme Army Command, which increasingly restricted the independence of the military commanders. Since April 1917, for all Deputy General Commands, the guidelines of the Press Office, to which the Supreme Censorship Authority was subject, had been decisive for the handling of propaganda and censorship. There was information for workers and women, for the troops war propaganda was carried out as patriotic instruction. Other divisions of the Deputy General Command were the Court Division (Division III), which was responsible for military justice and also dealt with legal and police matters in the civil sector. There was also an Administration and War Food Department (Division IV d) and a Medical Department (Division IV b). Veterinary Department (Division IV d) and Supply Department (Division V), which dealt with war disability care and pension matters (11). After the ceasefire was declared in November 1918, the Deputy General Command remained in place. It organised the demobilisation, collection, repatriation, supply and disbanding of units. Accommodations in Württemberg and the evacuation of occupied territories were among the tasks, as was the deployment of security troops (Department la 1). Subordinate evacuation train distribution commissions based in Heilbronn and Mühlacker were responsible for forwarding the goods and war equipment transported back from the field to the homeland. The demobilisation order for the mobile General Command XIII Army Corps came into force on 11.12.1918. Officers and officials of the General Command transferred to the previous Deputy General Command, which continued business by merging with the former mobile General Command under the new name General Command of the XIIIth Army Corps. In February 1919 the General Command was incorporated into the War Ministry. Individual subdivisions of the la department were dissolved, and existing departments were incorporated into the War Ministry. The Rumpfbehörde was led as department Generalkommando of the war ministry and remained as such also in August 1919, when the war ministry was converted into the Reichswehrbefehlsstelle Württemberg (12). On October 1, 1919, the Württemberg War Ministry ceased to exist. For the authorities and facilities of the former army that were still needed, settlement offices were created under the authority of the Reich Ministry of Defence. On October 1, 1919, the Reichswehr Command Post was transformed into the Winding-up Office of the former Württemberg War Ministry. At the same time, the Department General Command XIII Army Corps and the Higher Resolution Staffs 49 - 51, which had been set up since July 1919, were used to form the Office of the former XIII Army Corps. Under the leadership of the supreme von Hoff, both offices were described as the "Abwicklungsamt Württemberg", at the end of the year as the "Heeresabwicklungsamt" of the former XIIIth Army Corps. At the end of March 1921, the Army Processing Office was dissolved, and when the Deputy General Command was established, Registratur Andrä, who headed the Central Office in 1917, was entrusted with the registry and file management. The files were arranged according to the departments valid at the time of their creation, but were numbered consecutively; each number was subdivided again according to Generalia and Spezialia and, if necessary, with additional letters. Blue or green envelopes were used for the general files and red envelopes for the special files. The files were stapled in accordance with the Prussian model of file management, and the registry remained intact both after the transfer to the General Command and after the merger with the War Ministry; however, the files of the departments and areas that were now transferred to other departments of the War Ministry were given the new department names; some were also spun off. Thus the records of Veterinary Department IV d were handed over to Department A 4 of the War Ministry. During this period of transition, documents have already been segregated and destroyed as a result of political events, but also during relocations or new divisions. Already during the November confusion, the personnel department Il d suffered losses; in February 1919, before the department Ile moved to Olgastraße, 11 files on associations and assemblies, radical social democracy, protective custody and security police as well as lists of suspects were sorted out (13). The files of other departments were transferred to other authorities or spun off because the department became independent. Thus, in May 1919, the prisoner-of-war department Il f became independent as the prisoner-of-war homecoming department (Gehea) (14). The records of the pension department V had been transferred to the main pension office. The remaining files also remained in order in the Heeresabwicklungsamt and from October 1920 formed part of the newly established Korpsarchiv, which from 1921 together with the old Kriegsarchiv became the Reichsarchiv branch office. 2. to the order and distortion of the stock: In the Reichsarchiv branch office, the files were first recorded in 1924 by Maximilian Haldenwang, whereby the order by departments according to the last business distribution plan of 1917 was taken as a basis, the individual units were combined into larger clusters and these were numbered consecutively. However, the files of Gas Protection Division IIc were already missing in this inventory; it is not known when and why they were lost. During subsequent administrative work in the holdings of the War Ministry and the Army Processing Office, various files with the provenance of Deputy General Command were added to the holdings. This includes 50 censored books published during the World War. During the November events, these books were confiscated at the press office of the Deputy General Command and shortly afterwards they were taken over into the war collection of the Court Library. The "military" part of the Court Library was transferred to the Heeresarchiv Stuttgart in 1938. It was assumed that these books had the character of censorship copies, that the remainder of the edition had been stamped, and that when the inventory M 630 was dissolved in 1983, the court files of the Upper War Court of the XIIIth Army Corps were assigned to the inventory; further files from the inventory of the Army Processing Office (M 390) were attached as appendices, which were taken from the General Command XIIIth Army Corps Department of the Ministry of War or from the General Command XIIIth Army Corps Department of the Ministry of War. With the new indexing, which began in 1987, it seemed to make sense to leave the entire tradition with the provenances of the Deputy General Command, General Command (from December 1918) and Department General Command of the War Ministry and the Reichswehr (from February to October 1, 1919) in one inventory, since the registry runs through despite the changes. An exception are the files of those areas that were integrated into other departments of the War Ministry in February 1919; here the files created after this time were, if separable, attached to the corresponding holdings. Thus files of the horse department la 3, which after February 1919 merged into the department A 10 of the War Ministry, as well as files of the officer affairs department Ha, which after February 1919 were processed by the personnel department of the War Ministry, were classified in the stocks M 1/4 and M 1/5 respectively. A bundle of files of the "Leitung der Ausflüge für verwundete Stuttgarter Lazarette 1918/20", an independent association, whose files had apparently come to the Army Processing Office after its dissolution and remained with the inventory of 1924, was also separated. It was set up as a separate portfolio in line with provenance (M 324). Conversely, the archival records previously treated as appendices to the holdings and removed from M 390 were integrated into the corresponding departments. In addition, reference is made to individual pieces of documents of the provenance of the former XIII Army Corps's Winding-up Office which are in the inventory and could not be separated because of the thread-stitching. The files of the Court Division III also remained together, although they extend beyond October 1, 1919, since they were continued as a continuous registry also in the time of the Army Processing Office independently and independently. Two tufts from the Herzog Albrecht (M 30/1) Army Group stock were classified according to provenance. The internal order of the stock was maintained in principle. Again, the business distribution plan of April 1917 was used as a basis. This means that even subjects which cannot actually be expected from the title of the respective department remained in its registry context. The heterogeneity of the subjects within a differently designated department is often due to the fact that numerous subject areas belonged earlier to other departments and were only assigned to another department by the business distribution plan of August 1917 - apparently in the course of the streamlining of the authority (cf. table of contents). Within the departments, titles were arranged according to objective criteria, so that the order of the fascicles often differs from the old index. The old bundle count was replaced by a new consecutive numbering of the tufts. A concordance of the old bundle signatures and new bundle numbers was added to make it easier to find cited passages. The individual file units remained, they were only rearranged in exceptional cases. The books (censorship copies) handed over in 1938 were correctly classified by the press department, and the main titles, as they were given in the Haldenwang repertory on the basis of the inscriptions, were also preserved in the individual title recordings. Because of the high source value of the files, which after the losses of the Second World War were of exemplary importance, also as a replacement for the lost Prussian tradition, detailed notes on contents appeared justified; this all the more so as the main title of the thread-stitched and therefore indivisible files sometimes only most incompletely reflects the contents. The notes should clarify both the content and the structure of the file clusters. However, not all sketches, maps and plans could be ejected individually, as they are available in too large a number and are often to be expected anyway. Only where a tuft of files reaches beyond the narrower provenance of "Stellvertretendes Generalkommando" was the further provenance noted.In order to compensate for the disadvantage of the heterogeneity of the files and the partly unusual order, a detailed subject index was compiled which, apart from the keywords "XIII. army corps" and "Württemberg", brings together as far as possible all narrow terms related to the subject matter of the holdings, partly in two parts. From March 1988 to August 1989, the stock was arranged and listed by the scientific employee Anita Raith under the direction of Dr. Bernhard Theil as part of a job creation scheme, who also greatly revised the introduction. Archive employee Werner Urban played a decisive role in the creation of the final editorial office and the indices. The packaging and installation was carried out in August 1989 by working student Angelika Hofmeister. 1144 tufts (= 29.6 m) were in stock. Comments: (1) Article 68 of the Constitution of the Reich provided for a Reich Law regulating the state of war, which, however, did not exist until the end of the Empire. Militär und Innenpolitk im Weltkrieg 1914 - 1918, edited by Wilhelm Deist, Düsseldorf 1970, vol. l, p. XXXI; see also HStAS E 130a Bü. 1146 Richtlinien des Preußischen Kriegsministeriums zum verschärften Kriegszustand (Letter of 25. July 1914)(2) HStAS M 33/1 Bund 80, Annexes to the mobilization provision, cf. also § 20.7 of the mobilization plan 1914/15 in M 1/2 vol. 32(3) Deist (wie Anm. 1) Bd. l, p. 13 ff. besonders Anm. 2(4) Ebd. S. XLV(5) HStAS M 430/2 Bü. 942, 1354, 1795, 2146(6) In March 1917, the Deputy General Command had 134 budgeted officer positions, actually 317 persons were employed. The accommodation of the departments in M 77/1 Bü. 632(7) Deist (as Note 1) p. 506 ff.:(8) HStAS M 1/4 vol. 1272, reprinted at Deist (as Note 1) p. 508 ff., cf. ibid. XLVII(9) Gesetz über den Siegeerungszustand, Handbuch der during des war issued Verordnungen des Stellvertretenden Generalkommandos XIII. (Kgl. Württ.) Armeekorps mit Einschluster nicht veröffentlichtter Erlasses, Stuttgart 1918, p. l ff.(10) Deist (wie Anm. 1) S. LXV(11) The memorandums, which report on the experiences of individual departments during the mobilization, also contain information on the structure, personnel and delimitation of the working areas of a department (fonds M 77/2)(12) Cf. Appendix III of the Introduction to the Repertory of the Collection M 390(13) M 77/1 Bü. 935(14) The files of this department, which is subordinate to the Army Office for the Settlement of Armed Forces, are now in the collection M 400/3 Literature: Deist, Wilhelm: Zur Institution des Militärbefehlshabers im Ersten Weltkrieg. In: Jahrbuch für die Geschichte Mittel- und Ostdeutschlands 13/17 (1965) S. 222 - 240Mai, Günther: Kriegswirtschaft und Arbeiterbewegung in Württemberg 1914 - 1918. 1983Ders: Das Ende des Kaiserreichs, Politik und Kriegsführung im Ersten Weltkrieg (Deutsche Geschichte der neuesten Zeit) 1987Matuschka, Edgar, Graf von: Organisation History of the Army 1890 - 1918 In: German Military History in 6 Volumes 1648 - 1939 Ed. by the Militärgeschichtlichen Forschungsamt, 3.1983 S 157 - 282Militär- und Innenpolitik im Weltkrieg 1914 - 1918, edited by Wilhelm Deist (Quellen zur Geschichte des Parlamentarismus und der politischen Parteien, 2. Reihe Bd. 1,1 und 1,2) 1970Moser, Otto von: The Württembergers in the World War. A History, Memory and Folk Book 2.1928Stuttgart, October 1989Anita RaithBernhard Theil

Administrative history: Preliminary remark The Deputation for Trade and Shipping replaced the Shipping and Port Deputation in 1863, from which it assumed the following tasks: shipping affairs, port administration, pilotage, light and buoyage, quarantine, rescue, general average, seamanship, examination for seafarers (navigation school). Other tasks included the business of the previous commission for ship documents (ship registration), the previous deputation to the Brokers' Rules (brokers and auctioneers), the Grain Rules and the Kempe (supervision of grain sizes), as well as the supervision of public cranes and scales. The hydraulic engineering (electricity and port construction), which was formerly subject to the shipping and port deputation, was at the same time transferred to the building deputation. Another new task was the handling of trade matters that had previously been handled by Commerzdeputation. This also included the appointment and swearing in of various experts. In 1866 the Commerzdeputation was converted into the Chamber of Commerce and determined that it had to address its applications to the Deputation für Handel und Schiffahrt and to issue expert opinions to this authority. The opinions of the Chamber of Commerce, other interest groups and individual companies in most of the files of this stock give this stock particular value. Later the deputation took over the newly created quay administration as further tasks in 1866, in 1868 the North German naval observatory, which was taken over by the Reich in 1875 as the German naval observatory, in 1870 the calibration system, in 1875 the supervision of the beach dams, in 1882 the supervision of the petroleum port as successor of the Teerhof deputation and in 1897 the mint after the abolition of the commission for the mint. In 1907 the deputation was expanded by representatives of the Chamber of Commerce and the Chamber of Detailists and renamed Deputation for Trade, Shipping and Commerce. The deputation was taken over in 1907 by the fishing industry (Fisheries Directorate) - inland fishing matters remained with the Landherrenschaft -' 1915 the newly created Price Inspection Office (for the city area), 1918 the State Price Inspection Office superior to the three local Price Inspection Offices. After the transition of the customs system to the Reich Administration, the Deputation took over in 1920 the tasks remaining in Hamburg in the field of customs and excise duties (previously the Deputation for Indirect Taxes and Duties and the Senate Commission for Customs), the Trade Statistics Office (previously the Deputation for Indirect Taxes and Duties), the handling of the war measures against enemy enterprises and enemy property (compensation and refunds) processed since 1914 by the Deputation for Indirect Taxes and Duties, as well as the newly established Freeport Office. In 1921 the administration of waterways and navigation marks was transferred to the Reich, and in 1926 the newly created Waterway Directorate (Reichswasserstraßenverwaltung) took over the tasks in the field of waterway management still carried out by the Deputation. The deputation, on the other hand, in 1926 left the administration of the so-called "Hafenelbe" from Orthkaten to Blankenese and the port piloting. In 1928, the Deputation took over the Emigration Office (previously the Emigration Authority), the Guild Inspectorate (previously the Guild Inspectorate), the Slaughterhouse and Livestock Market Administration (previously the Slaughterhouse Deputation), the tasks of the Senate Commission for Railway Affairs and Mining (previously the Mining Inspectorate). In addition to the slaughterhouse and livestock market administration, the dyke market administration and the administration of the annual and weekly markets were added later. At the same time the nautical school was handed over to the vocational school authority. In 1930, the deputation also took over the construction of the river and port (previously the building authority) and in 1933 the World Economic Archives (previously the university authority). In 1933 the Deputation für Handel, Schiffahrt und Gewerbe was renamed Behörde für Wirtschaft; it was under the authority of the Verwaltung für Wirtschaft, Technik und Arbeit. In 1933, electricity and port construction was transferred to the Department of Technology and Labour. New tasks in 1935 were the job creation system (previously directly subordinated to the Administration for Economy, Technology and Labor) and the price formation and monitoring office. In 1936-1937 the job creation system was temporarily independent as a "job creation office", from 1958 onwards it was a department within the department "Special representative for economic development and four-year plan", which in turn formed a department of the administration for trade, shipping and industry at the time and was an independent department within the municipal administration of Hamburg from 1939 onwards. During the war, the business of this office was continued by the "Department Four-Year Plan" of the Administration for Trade, Shipping and Industry. This name has been used by the former Authority for Economic Affairs since 1938 and was again subordinated to it in 1941 for electricity and port construction. The Deputation for Trade, Shipping and Industry and its successor authorities delivered to the State Archives: 1927: files of the main groups I - XXX and XXXII, war files, files of the transitional economy and files of the 10th Commission of the Workers' and Soldiers' Council; 18.12.1929: files of the main group XVI customs, tax and stamp matters (together with files of the Senate Commission for the Customs Administration); 15. 3.1935: files of the main group XXVIII on personnel matters of the Imperial Administration; 11. 8.1937: the largest part of the files now combined in the holdings Deputation für Handel, Schiffahrt und Gewerbe III; 20.10.1937: Secret files from the years 1882-1919; 25. 4.1938: Files of the accounting department (RA files) and war files on the administration of hostile property; 16. 5.1938: Files with objections of individual companies against the predisposition to contributions to the Chamber of Detailists 1935-1936 with the file reference 250-02 No.1-63 (all cashed); 29. 3.1940: files on epidemic control on ships and in ports (P files); 21.10.1943 secret files from the years 1922-1935; 10. 3.1954 and 8. 5.1957: the remains of the deputation files for trade, shipping and industry still existing at the Office for Port and Shipping in 142 packages. The delivery lists from 1927-1943 are now in the attachment to H 9780/58, those from 1954 and 1957 in the business file 2112-0/2 Mat. A delivery probably already before 1914 as a special stock "Eichwesen" was put up under the - original - signature IV A, the protocols registered before as Senate files (Cl.VIII No. XLIII) under III C into this stock. The records were delivered as follows: 23. 4.1892: records of the deputation 1886-1891, 12. 7.1892: records of the deputation 1867-1872 and records of the section for shipping 1864-1866, 26. 4.1902: records of the deputation 1863-1866, 1873-1885 and records of the section for trade 1864-1866. From 1892-1929 the records were delivered annually. A total of about 100 running metres have been delivered. The 65 linear metres remaining after the cassations have now been set up as Registratures I, II Special Acts, II General Acts and III. The oldest registry, only from 1863-1867, is now 371-8 I Deputation for Trade, Shipping and. Industry I (see special preliminary remark). This is followed by the extensive and most important registry, which was established after the abolition of the two sections for trade and shipping in 1867. It's falling into general and special files. General Files This registry was established at about the same time as the Special Files, around 1868, and consisted of the same main groups I-XXIV, to which the main groups XXV to XXXII were added over time. The most recent main group XXXIII "Port and Shipping Agreements with Prussia" only exists in the General Acts. A list of authorities established after 1920, which does not yet contain the main group XXXIII, was classified under the signature III B 5.40 in the holdings Deputation für Handel, Schiffahrt und Gewerbe II Spezialakten. The older General Acts mostly consisted only of laws, ordinances, etc. in print; most of these could be cashed. Another part of the files contained only references to special files. Special files The Deputation for Trade, Shipping and Commerce II Special files portfolio initially consisted of the main groups I-XXIV, to which the main groups XXV-XXXII were added over time. The only official register, which was sent to the State Archives in 1954, was apparently created only after customs had been taken over in 1920. As it stands, it contains only the groups of files dealing with port and maritime matters. The remaining main groups have been stapled. With the help of this directory and a collection of the associated subdirectories, an overview can be gained of the original scope of these groups of files, the war losses that occurred, the cassations that were carried out, and the files continued by the Reich Waterways Administration and the Department of Economics and Transport. Under the signature III B 5.40.1. it was classified into this stock. The files of the "Special Representative for Economic Development and the Four-Year Plan" were removed from main groups VI and XXI and now form main group XXXIII. The special registries: war files, files of Commission 10 of the Workers' and Soldiers' Council, of the Transition Economy and secret files were added to this inventory as main groups XXXIV to XXXVIII. Groups XXVII "Information" and XXVIII "Personal data" were dissolved and divided into subgroups, some of which were newly established. With the ordinal numbers 100 ff. or 200 ff. only so-called "collective files" provided with group signatures and files formed from disordered documents were appended to the subgroups. The collection Deputation für Handel, Schiffahrt und Gewerbe III (Deputation for Trade, Shipping and Industry III) is a compilation of various series of files that were created in addition to the main registry (Deputation für Handel, Schiffahrt und Gewerbe II Spezialakten und II Generalakten) - see special preliminary remark. 29.XI.1960 Homann Inventory Description: Volume 1: General Files Volumes 2-4: Special Files Volumes 5-6: Information Collection In addition to the tasks assumed by the Schiffahrts- und Hafendeputation in 1863 (see 371-8 I), the following were added: 1866 the handling of trade matters and the quay administration, 1868 the Norddeutsche Seewarte, 1870 the Eichwesen, 1875 the supervision of the Strandämter, 1882 the supervision of the Petroleumhafen, 1897 the Münzstätte. In 1907 the deputation was expanded by representatives of the Chamber of Commerce and the Chamber of Detailists and renamed Deputation for Trade, Shipping and Commerce. In 1907 the fishing industry took over the deputation, in 1915 and 1918 the price inspection offices, in 1920 the tasks remaining after the transfer of the customs system to the Reich Administration near Hamburg in the area of customs and excise duties, the Trade Statistics Office and the Free Port Office, 1926 the administration of the so-called "port Elbe" from Orthkaten to Blankenese and the port piloting, 1928 the emigration office, the guild supervisory office, the slaughterhouse and livestock market administration, the tasks of the senate commission for railway affairs and mining. In 1933 the deputation was renamed the Authority for Economy and placed under the authority of the Administration for Economy, Technology and Labour. 1935 saw the addition of new tasks such as job creation and the price formation and monitoring office. In 1938 the authority for economy was renamed in administration for trade, shipping and trade. In 1938 and then again during the war, the business of the office "Special Representative for Economic Development and Four-Year Plan" was carried out. After the end of the war in 1945, in the course of the merging of state and municipal administration, the responsibilities in the business area of administration for trade, shipping and industry were newly regulated. The successor authority in 1946 was the Administration for Economics and Transport, which was renamed the Authority for Economics and Transport in 1947 (see 371-16 I). The order comprises the main registry established after the abolition of the sections in 1867 and forms the core of the economic-historical tradition of the years 1868-1946/47. It is divided into general and special files. Both file groups are organized according to the same registry plan and are divided into more than 30 main groups (partly identical with areas of responsibility). Note: 371-6, 371-9, 371-16 I, 373-4, 373-7 I, 326-2 I (Ga)

History of the Inventory Designer: General of the Infantry Berthold von Deimling Life data 21.03.1853 in Karlsruhe 03.02.1944 in Baden-Baden Career 1873 Promotion to Lieutenant Seconde 1875 Change to Infantry Regiment "Duke of Holstein" (Holsteinic) No. 85 (Rendsburg) 1880 promotion to lieutenant 1879 to 1882 Kriegsakademie Berlin 1882 officer in infantry regiment no. 85 1886 transfer to the Großer Generalstab (railway department) 1888 captain 1891 general staff officer in the 1st division in Königsberg 1893 major 1895 in the general staff of the XVI. Army Corps 1898 Battalion Commander in the infantry regiment "Prince Wilhelm" (4th Baden) No. 112 in Mulhouse (Sundgau) 1900 Lieutenant Colonel and transfer to the Great General Staff (Chief of Operations Division II) 1903 Colonel and Commander of the infantry regiment No. 112 in Mulhouse 1904 Commander of the 2nd Army Commandant of the German Army (Battalion) No. 112 in Mulhouse (Sundgau) 1903 Colonel and Commander of the infantry regiment No. 112 in Mulhouse 1904 Commander of the 2nd Army Command No. 112 in Mulhouse (Sundgau) 1904 Commander of the infantry regiment No. 112 in Mulhouse (Sundgau) 1900 Lieutenant Colon and Commander of the infantry regiment No. 112 in Mulhouse 1903 Commander of the infantry Regiment No. 112 in Mulhouse 1904 Field Regiment 1905 deputy of the commander-in-chief for the southern region 1905 elevation to hereditary nobility 1906 commander of the Schutztruppe in southwest Africa 1907 major general 1908 return and commander of the Infanterie-Brigade 58 (Mühlhausen) 1910 lieutenant-general and appointment as commander of the 29. Division in Freiburg i. Br. 1913 General of the Infantry and Commanding General of the XV Army Corps (Strasbourg) 1914 War operation in southern Alsace, on the Aisne, off Ypres in Flanders, off Verdun (XV. Army Corps) 1916 Awarded the Pour le Merite (capture of the Fort Vaux) 1916 Assignment to the Somme 1916 Transfer to the Section Commander of the Army Division B (Vosges) 1917 Farewell with simultaneous appointment as Chief of the 1st Under Alsatian Infantry Regiment No. 132. Description of the stock: The stock contains life memories, anda. on his activities as commander of the Schutztruppe in South West Africa (1906-1907), the 58th Infantry Brigade in Mulhouse/Alsace (1907-1910) and the 29th Division in Freiburg (1910-1913) and as commander general of the XVth Army Corps in the 2nd Infantry Army Corps in the United Kingdom. Feldartillerieregiments in Südwestafrika 1904-1906 (Herero- und Hottentottenaufständen); further documents from the period of service in Südwestafrika as well as from the 1st World War; correspondence with Ludendorf and Hindenburg as well as from the time after retirement; further newspaper articles and pictorial material. References to other holdings R 1001 Reichskolonialamt (Online-Findmittel) R 1002 Authorities of the former protectorate Deutsch-Südwestafrika (Online-Findmittel) N 14 Ludwig Boell estate N 38 Arnold Lequis estate N 103 Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck estate NL 30 Viktor Franke citation: BArch, N 559/...

Contains among other things: For the route of the Togo railway Lome - Palime. ed. by Colonial Economic Committee, o.O., o.J.

Contains among other things: Reichsbund Deutscher Eisenbahner-Kriegsteilnehmer 1914-1918 List of members of the Association of Former Officers of the Kaiserliche Schutztruppe für Deutsch-Ostafrika, 1925 Kölner Kolonial-Klub e. V. Bund Deutscher Marine-Vereine

Leaflets, pamphlets, invitations, programmes, commemorative publications, newspapers, articles, disputes, memoranda, speeches, occasional poems - each unique - about Cologne, its past and history. I. Imperial city; Icewalk from 1784, funeral service for Emperor Leopold II, Imperial Post Office in Cologne, pamphlet of the evangelicals against mayor and council in Cologne (Wetzlar 1715), municipal lottery, occasional poems for weddings, individual personalities (Jan von Werth, Frhr. Theodor Steffan von Neuhoff); II. Time of the French occupation 1794-1815: opening of the Protestant church (1802), educational affairs (Collége de Cologne, Université), Heshuisian inheritance, secularization, Peace of Tilsit, election of the department 1804; assignates, dentists, liberation wars; successor society of the society at Wirz, Neumarkt (1813); III. Prussian period (1815-1945): Visit of members of the Prussian royal house, imperial birthday celebrations, cathedral, cathedral building, cathedral completion celebration 1880, cathedral building association; Hohenzollern bridge, southern bridge, monument to Friedrich Wilhelm III, Laying of the foundation stone of the Rhine. Appellhofs (1824), building festival for the town hall (1913), town hall, provost's house at St. Maria ad Gradus; suburbs (terrain in Marienburg, parish St. Marien, Kalk: Fabriken, Arbeiter, 1903); travel brochures, city maps, articles on Cologne for tourism; commemorative and public holidays; revolution 1848; parties, elections (centre, liberal parties, social democratic party); Reichstag elections, city elections; city announcements/publications, decrees concerning the city of Cologne. Debt management (1824), rules of procedure of the city council, census, distribution of business in the administration; announcements of the news office; general comptoir or table calendar 1814-1829 (incomplete); programmes of the Konzertgesellschaft Köln and the Gürzenich concerts (1849-1933); programmes of the chamber music concerts (1897-1914); programmes of the Musikalische Gesellschaft (1900-1916), music festivals, etc. Lower Rhine Music Festivals (1844-1910); Cologne Theater Almanach (1904-1908), City Theater, Schauspielhaus, including program booklets and leaflets; Theater Millowitsch; musical performances at celebrations and festivals, concert programs; Cologne Arts and Crafts Association (Annual Report 1912); Rheinisch-Westfälisches Wirtschaftsarchiv: Statutes, Rules of Procedure 1907; Exhibitions, etc. Art in Cologne private possession (1916), Carstan's Panoptikum (1888), German Art Exhibition, Cologne 1906, Deutsche Werkbund-Ausstellung 1914, Exhibition for War Welfare Cologne 1916; Handelshochschule Köln; university courses in Brussels (1918); Women's university studies for social professions (1916/17); music conservatory (1913); grammar schools, further education schools, elementary schools, weaving school in Mülheim, Waldschulhof Brück (1917), elementary school teachers' seminar; scientific conferences: 43. Meeting of German Philologists and Schoolmen 1895, IX. Annual meeting of the Association of Bathing Professionals 1910, 12th Association Day of the Association of German Professional Fire Brigades 1912; occasional poems for family celebrations, weddings; associations; programmes, membership cards, diplomas, statutes of health insurance funds and death funds; Catholic Church: associations, parishes, saints and patrons; Protestant Church: religious service order or Death ceremonies for the chief president Count Solms-Laubach (1822), for Moritz Bölling (1824); inauguration of the new synagogue, Glockengasse (1861); military: regimental celebrations, forbidden streets and restaurants (before 1914); memorandums about the garrison Cologne (1818); food supply in the First World War: food stamps, bread and commodity books, ration coupons and forms, etc.a. for coal purchasing; Einkaufs-Gesellschaft Rhein-Mosel m. b. H.Economy: Stadtsparkasse, cattle market in Cologne, stock exchange, beer price increase 1911; individual commercial enterprises, commercial and business buildings, hotels: brochures, letterheads, advertising cards and leaflets, price lists, statutes; shipping: Rhine shipping regulations, timetables, price lists, memorandums; main post office building, inauguration 1893; Rheinische Eisenbahn, Köln-Gießener Eisenbahn; German-French War 1870/71; First World War, etc.a. Leaflets, war loans, field letters, war poems; cruisers "Cologne"; natural disasters: Rhine floods, railway accident in Mülheim in 1910, hurricanes; social affairs: charity fair, asylum for male homeless people, possibly home for working young girls, invalidity and old-age insurance; St. Marien-Hospital; Sports: clubs, sports facilities, gymnastics festivals; Carnival: programs, carnival newspapers, - songs, - poems; celebrations, ceremonies for imperial birthdays, enthronements of archbishops, celebrations of other personalities; IV. Weimar Republic and National Socialism: floods; churches, treasure chambers; cathedral; individual buildings, monuments, including the old town, town hall, Gürzenich, Haus zum großen Rosendal, Mühlengasse; Revolution 1918: workers' and soldiers' council; gifts, honorary citizenship to NS greats; hanged forced laborers; bank robber Gebrüder Heidger (1928); municipal and other official publications concerning the Weimar Republic and National Socialism. Luftschutz, NSRechtsbetreuungsstelle; Newsletter of the Welfare Office 1937, 1938; Kameradschaftsdienst der Verwaltung für Wirtschaftsfürsorge, Jugendpflege und Sport 1940, 1943, 1944; Müllabfuhr und Müllverwertungsanstalt, Wirtschaftspolitik, Industrieansiedlung, Eingemeindung von Worringen, Erweiterung des Stadtgebiets; political parties: Advertising flyers for elections, pins, badges of DNVP, NSDAP, SPD, centre; camouflage letters of the KPD; appeals, rallies of various political groups, including the Reich Committee for the German Referendum (against the Young Plan, 1929), Reich Presidential Election, referendum in the Saar region, Working Committee of German Associations (against the Treaty of Versailles); Municipal Stages: Periodical "Die Tribüne", 1929-1940, annual reports 1939-1944, programme and cast sheets for performances in the opera house and the Schauspielhaus, also in the Kammerspiele; Lower Rhine music festivals; galleries (Dr. Becker, Goyert), Kölnischer Kunstverein: Invitations to exhibitions (1934-1938), circulars to members; art auctions at Fa. Math. Lempertz (1925-1931); music performances, concerts: Kölner Männer-Gesang-Verein, municipal orchestra, concerts of young artists, Concert Society Cologne; Millennium Exhibition 1925; museums: Wallraf-Richartz-Museum, Rautenstrauch-Joest-Museum, Kunstgewerbemuseum (among others monuments of old Russian painting, 1929), Schnütgen-Museum, art exhibitions, among others. Arno Breker (NSDAP-Gaupropaganda-Amt Gau Köln-Aachen), exhibition of works by West German artists (Deutsche Arbeitsfront), Richard Seewald, Deutscher Künstlerbund, Ausstellungsgemeinschaft Kölner Maler; universities, including the University of Cologne (lecture timetables, new building, anniversary 1938), Hochschule für Musik bzw. Conservatory of Music in Cologne; Reich activity reports of the foreign office of the lecturers of the German universities and colleges (1939-1942); Lower Rhine music festivals; scientific and cultural institutions and events and events in the region.a. Petrarca-Haus, German-Italian Cultural Institute, Volksbildungsstätte Köln, German-Dutch Institute, Cologne Meisterschule, Vereinigung für rechts- und staatswissenschaftliche Fortbildung in Köln, Austrian Weeks, Kampfbund für deutsche Kultur e.V.Conferences (Westdeutscher Archivtag 1939, Deutsche Anthropologische Gesellschaft 1927, Rheinische Siedlungstage 1925, Conference for Monument Conservation and Cultural Heritage Protection, Grenzland-Kundgebung der Beamten der Westmark, Cologne 1933, Internationaler Brieftauben-Züchter- Kongress (IBRA) 1939; Schools: Invitations, Testimonials Concerning the German Anthropological Society 1927, Rheinische Siedlungstage 1925, Conference for the Preservation of Monuments and Cultural Heritage, Borderland Demonstration of the Officials of the Westmark, Cologne 1933, Internationaler Brieftauben-Züchter-Kongreß (IBRA) 1939; Schools: Invitations, Testimonials Concerning the German Anthropological Society 1927, Rheinische Siedlungstagestage 1925, Conference for the Preservation of Monuments and Cultural Heritage, Borderland Demonstration of the Officials of the Westmark, Cologne 1933, International Brieftauben Congress (IBRA) 1939) Elementary schools, vocational schools, grammar schools; Sports: Vaterländische Festspiele 1924, Zweckverband für Leibesübungen Groß-Köln, 14th German Gymnastics Festival 1928, II German Fighting Games 1926, Leichtathletik-Welt- und Länderkämpfe, Westdeutscher Spielverband, Hockey-Damen-Länderspiel Deutschland- Australien 1930, Excelsior-Club Köln e.V., XII. Bannerspiele der weiblichen Jugend der Rheinprovinz 1926; Catholic Church (official announcements and publications, e.g. Kirchlicher Anzeiger für die Erzdiözese Köln; pamphlets; programme, prayer slips); British occupation, French colonial troops in the Rhineland, identity cards, passports; British World War I pamphlets; Liberation celebration in Cologne 1926; Second World War: appeals, leaflets concerning the Second World War; information leaflets concerning the Second World War: "The German Revolution", "The German Revolution", "The German Revolution", "The German Revolution", "The German Revolution", "The German Revolution", "The German Revolution", "The German Revolution", "The German Revolution", "The German Revolution", "The German Revolution", "The German Revolution", "The German Revolution", "The German Revolution", "The German Revolution", "The German Revolution", "The German Revolution", "The German Revolution", "The German Revolution". Air raids, defence, low-flying combat, darkening, etc.; newspaper articles about air raids on Cologne; advertising: leaflets, leaflets of the advertising office, the Cologne Week publishing house and the Cologne Tourist Association for Cologne, including the surrounding area and the Rhine Valley; invitations, menus to receptions and meals of the Lord Mayor Adenauer (1927-1929); pay slips, work certificates, work books of Cologne companies; Cologne Trade Fair: Programmes, brochures, adhesive stamps, catalogues for trade fairs and exhibitions (1924-1933); food stamps and cards for World War I; announcements; clothing cards, basic cards for normal consumers for World War II; vouchers for the city of Cologne (emergency money) from 1920-1923, anniversary vouchers for Gewerbebank eGmbH Köln-Mülheim, also for Dellbrücker Volksbank eGmbH; savings banks: Annual reports of the Sparkasse der Hansestadt Köln; documents, savings books of the Spar- und Darlehnskasse Köln-Dünnwald, the Kreissparkasse des Landkreises Köln, Bergheim und Mülheim, also the branch Köln-Worringen, the Bank des Rheinischen Bankverein/Rheinischen Bauernbank; Köln-Bonner-Eisenbahnen: Annual reports, balance sheets (1939-1941); trams: Annual Report, Annual Report (1939, 1940), Ticket; Köln-Frechen-Benzelrather Eisenbahn: Tariffs; Shipping: Preussisch-Rheinische Dampfschiffahrts-Gesellschaft zu Köln, Dampfschiffahrtsgesellschaft für den Nieder- und Mittelrhein zu Düsseldorf (Annual Reports 1938-1940), Köln- Düsseldorfer Rheindampfschiffahrt, Weber-Schiff (Timetables); Kraftverkehr Wupper-Sieg AG, Wipperfürth (Annual Reports 1939, 1940, Advertising Brochure 1937); Advertising brochure of the Airport Administration Cologne (1929); Individual Companies: House announcements, advertising leaflets, cards, brochures, adhesive stamps, receipts from industrial companies (Ford Motor Company AG, Glanzstoff- Courtaulds GmbH, Herbig-Haarhaus, department stores). Department store Carl Peters, insurance companies, newspapers, publishing houses, bookstores, craft businesses, shops (tobacco shops); Cologne bridges (Mülheimer bridge), post office, restaurants, hotels; invitations to festivals, events, anniversaries of associations, programmes; professional associations; cooperatives (Cologne-Lindenthal cooperative savings and building association (1930-1938); social affairs: Cologne emergency aid, housing assistance, sending of children (mostly official printed matter); collecting cards from Cologne and other companies, above all from the food and luxury food industries, such as coffee and tobacco companies, etc.a. the companies Haus Neuerburg, Himmelreich Kaffee, Stollwerk AG, König

Contains among other things: Draft laws, supplements, amendments and additions; correspondence between the Württemberg State Ministry and the Bundesrat Plenipotentiary von Varnbüler; Budget of the German Colonies Darin: Overview maps of the railway lines and the German colonies (length and height plans) of D e u t s c h - O s t a f r i k a, S ü d w e s t a f r i k a, Cameroon and Togo

• Photo * Publisher: Novelties distribution "Elektra", Paul Hoffmann

Contains: Construction of the railway from Bonaberi (Duala) to the Manenguba Mountains in Cameroon. - Contract between the Kamerun-Eisenbahngesellschaft, Berlin and the Deutsche Kolonial-Eisenbahn-Bau- und Betriebs-Gesellschaft zu Berlin dated 6 March 1907 (copy) Otavi-Eisenbahn. - Purchase and lease contract between the treasury of the German South West African protectorate and the Otavi Minen- und Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft, Berlin of 23 November 1909 and 30 March 1910 respectively (copy) Südbahn between Lüderitzbucht and Keetmanshoop and Seeheim and Kalkfontein. - Lease agreement between the treasury of the protectorate Deutsch-Südwestafrika and the Deutsche Kolonial Eisenbahn-Bau- und Betriebsgesellschaft, Berlin from 9.12.1909 respectively 15.1.1910 operation of the Cameroon railway Bonaberi (Duala) - Manengubagebirge, Cameroon. - Contract between the Kamerun-Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft, Berlin and the Deutsche Kolonial-Eisenbahn-Bau- und Betriebs-Gesellschaft, Berlin of 1 and 8 Oct. 1913 (copy) Construction of railways in South Angola. - Draft contract (without date) Future of the state railways in German South West Africa. - Note from Sept. 3, 1909

Darin: 1. statute of the association for trade, commerce and agriculture in Palestine, 1884; 2. photograph of the entertainment of the music band of the ship "Moltke" on the Württemberg colony Haifa, 1896.

Contains among other things: "Colonial transportation. General information on negotiations on the return of African colonies with regard to transport".

Contains among other things: Plans and memorandums about East African railway construction Francis Egon Clotten. England and South Africa. London 1891 The brandy in Africa. Reports by German Protestant missionaries. Frankfurt am Main 1905

Contains among other things: Establishment of the Colonial Economic Archive Forestry in the German Colonies Colonial Mechanical Engineering Mining and Railway Construction in the German Colonies

Contains: Memorabilia 1830 and ca. 1857; newspaper article on the consecration of the church in 1900; Report on the events of the war, 1914-1915; Petitions on the establishment of a railway station in Allendorf, 1913-1914; Postcards of Elberfeld and South-West Africa, 1900