Contains above all: Aachen State School of Construction, Aachen Textile School, Augsburg School of Construction and Engineering, Bad Frankenhausen Engineering School, Bad Köstritz School of Horticulture, University of Berlin, Berlin Faculty of Agriculture, Berlin College of Music, Berlin Building School, Berlin Neukölln State School of Construction, Berlin-Charlottenburg College of Music Education, Reichswerbeschule Berlin, engineering school "Beuth" Berlin, Staatsbauschule Beuthen, college for teacher training Beuthen, craftsman school Bielefeld, engineering school Bingen, University of Bonn, college for teacher training Braunschweig, master school of the German craft Braunschweig, TH Braunschweig, Bremen Art Academy, Bremerhaven Ship Engineering School, Wroclaw State Building School, Wroclaw University, Wroclaw Technical College, Wroclaw Engineering School, Wroclaw Master School of German Crafts, Chemnitz Academy of Technology, Clausthal Mining Academy, Cottbus Textile College, Berlin-Dahlem Experimental and Research Institute for Horticulture, Engineering School Darmstadt, TH Darmstadt, Meisterschule des deutschen Handwerks Dortmund, Ingenieurschule für Luftfahrttechnik Hessen-Nassau, Hochschule für Lehrerbildung Darmstadt, Staatsbauschule Deutsch Krone, Staatsbauschule für Hoch- und Tiefbau Dresden, TH Dresden, Akademie der bildenden Künste Dresden, Akademie für Kunstgewerbe Dresden, University for Teacher Training Dortmund, Engineering School Dortmund, Engineering School Duisburg, Meisterschule des deutschen Handwerks Wuppertal, Technical College for Textile Industry Wuppertal-Barmen, Staatsbauschule Eckernförde, University for Teacher Training Elbing, Seefahrtschule Elsfleth, Staatsbauschule Erfurt, University Erlangen, Engineering School Essen, Folkwang School for Music, Dance and Speech Essen, Folkwang Meisterschule Essen, Hochschule für Lehrerbildung Eßlingen, Ingenieurschule Eßlingen, HTL for Structural and Civil Engineering Frankfurt am Main, Hochschule für Musik Frankfurt am Main, Ingenieurschule Frankfurt am Main, Städelschule Frankfurt am Main, State building school Frankfurt am Main, Freiberg Mining Academy, Geisenheim Experimental and Research Institute for Wine, Fruit and Horticulture, Giessen University, Glauchau Building School for Building and Civil Engineering, Gleiwitz Engineering School, Görlitz State Building School, Görlitz Engineering School, Gotha State Building School, Greifswald University, University of Göttingen, Engineering School Gumbinnen, University Halle-Wittenberg, College for Teacher Training Hamburg, University Hamburg, Engineering School and Master School of the German Crafts Hanover, College for Teacher Training Hanover, TH Hanover, University of Veterinary Medicine Hanover, Faculty of Forestry Hann. Münden, University of Heidelberg, Hildburghausen Engineering School, Hirschberg Teacher Training College, Holzminden State Building School, Höxter State Building School, Idstein State Building School, Ilmenau Engineering School, Jena University, Jena University of Applied Sciences for Opticians, Kaiserslautern Engineering School, Karlsruhe University of Teacher Training, Karlsruhe University of Fine Arts, Karlsruhe University of Music, Karlsruhe Technical University, Kassel State Building School, Cologne Engineering School, Cologne State Building School, Cologne University of the Arts, Kiel Engineering School, Köthen University of Applied Technology, Ingenieurschule Konstanz, Textilfachschule Krefeld, Ingenieurschule Lage/ Lippe, Hochschule für Lehrerbildung Leipzig, Konservatorium Leipzig, Staatsbauschule Leipzig, Universität Leipzig, Montanistische Hochschule Leoben, Seefahrtsschule Lübeck, Staatsbauschule für Hochbau Lübeck, Ingenieurschule und Staatsbauschule Magdeburg, Adolf-Hitler-Staatsbauschule Mainz, Ingenieurschule Mannheim, Ingenieurschule Mittweida, Ingenieurschule München, Meisterschule für Deutschlands Buchdrucker Munich, Staatsbauschule München, Fachschule für Textilindustrie M. Gladbach, Staatsbauschule Münster, Staatsbauschule Nienburg, Hochschule Nürnberg, Ohm-Polytechnikum Nürnberg, Staatsbauschule Plauen, Versuchs- und Forschungsanstalt für Gartenbau Pillnitz, Kreisbauschule Regensburg, Fachschule für Textilindustrie Reichenbach, Technikum für Textilindustrie Reutlingen, Holztechnikum Rosenheim, Hochschule für Lehrerbildung Rostock, Universität Rostock, Ingenieurschule Saarbrücken, Textile Technical School Sorau, Building School for Water Management and Cultural Engineering Siegen, Building School for Water Management and Cultural Engineering Suderburg, Building School for Water Management and Cultural Engineering Schleusingen, University of Applied Sciences Schneidemühl, Seefahrtsschule Stettin, Engineering School Stettin, State Building School Stettin, Master School of German Crafts Stettin, Arts and Crafts School Stuttgart, Building School Stuttgart, University of Music Stuttgart, TH Stuttgart, Academy of Fine Arts Stuttgart, Agricultural University Tetschen-Liebwerd, Forestry University Tharandt, State Building School Trier, Meisterschule des deutschen Handwerks Trier, University of Tübingen, Horticultural School Weihenstephan, University of Teacher Education Weilburg, Engineering School Weimar, University of Architecture and Fine Arts Weimar, University of Music Weimar, Seefahrtschule Wesermünde, Hochschule für Welthandel Vienna, Ingenieur-Akademie Wismar, Kolonialschule Witzenhausen, Ingenieurschule Würzburg, Hochschule für Lehrerbildung Würzburg, Ingenieurschule Wuppertal-Elberfeld, Fachschule für Maschinenbau Wuppertal, Fachschule für Textilindustrie Wuppertal- Barmen, Seefahrtsschule Wustrow, Landesbauschule HTL Zerbst, Staatsbauschule Zittau, Ingenieur- und Zieglerschule Zwickau

History of the Inventory Designer: 1872 Establishment of the Imperial Statistical Office by the Imperial Chancellor with the issue of a business instruction by the Imperial Chancellor, first subordinated to the Imperial Chancellery, since 1879 to the Imperial Office of the Interior and since 1918 with simultaneous renaming into the Imperial Statistical Office to the Imperial Ministry of Economics, 1934 Merger with the Prussian Statistical Office The task of the Office was the collection of material for Imperial Statistics, its technical and scientific examination, processing and publication, expert reporting on statistical issues. Inventory description: Inventory history Due to the effects of war and the collapse of the German Reich, the records of the Reich Statistical Office suffered heavy losses. At the Berlin headquarters in the Neue Königstraße, parts of the statistical material were destroyed during bomb attacks in May 1945. During the demolition of the building in 1945, the central registry was completely destroyed and approximately 10 of the 200,000 volumes of the library were lost. In the years 1943/44 several departments or departments with their written material had been moved to alternative locations. Much of the material that remained in the territories later occupied by Soviet troops was destroyed, while others were sent to the then Central State Archive in Potsdam. In April, the Dargun and Weimar branches were able to bring important material to Schwerin, from where the staff of the Reich Statistical Office there were able to flee to Hamburg at the end of April with parts of the documents in Schwerin. In Schwerin the original material of industrial production statistics and the mass of price statistics documents fell into Russian hands. The parts of the tax statistics that had been moved to Wernigerode were transported to Derenburg in Hesse before the retreat of the American troops. The stocks brought to Würzburg suffered losses due to bomb damage; the remaining documents were preserved. After 1945, the stock that had been relocated to the western occupation zones and the fragments of the traditions rescued from the Soviet occupation zone were concentrated in three places: 1. in the British occupation zone in the Statistical Office in Hamburg and Minden 2. and in the American occupation zone in the Ministerial Collecting Center in Fürstenhagen near Kassel; from there larger parts were brought to the USA 3. in the French occupation zone in the Office for Statistics and Economic Development in Baden-Baden. Essentially, the documents that fell into the hands of the Western occupying powers at the time were sent to the Federal Archives via the American Document Center in Berlin, the Federal Statistical Office or the USA. Archival evaluation and processing The successive transfer of parts of the collection from the Reich Statistical Office to the Federal Archives has led to a gradual recording of the holdings. The documents on the excise tax statistics, which came to the Federal Archives in 1952 with written documents from other American departments, were indexed in a finding aid book. The material returned from Alexandria in 1958 was provisionally developed in 1959. After a return of the files from the Berlin Document Center in 1962 and further splinter deliveries, a provisional completion of the indexing could be achieved in 1968. All the documents of the Statistical Office of the Reich that had entered the Federal Archives were indexed by a index of finds, whereby parts of the material recorded in the index of consumption statistics were re-signed. The publications of the Statistisches Reichsamt available in the Budnesarchiv at that time were recorded in a second index. Later, the Federal Statistical Office, in particular, was able to adopt further documents from agricultural statistics, industrial production statistics and the Reich Office for Defense Economic Planning and social statistics. Further exhibitor provenances were incorporated from the traditions of the Reichsnährstand and the Reichsstelle für Raumordnung which had been passed on to the Federal Archives. In addition, the Imperial War Museum in London handed over to the Federal Archives some relevant documents of small volume. In the winter of 1975, these additions were also incorporated into the inventory. Characterization of content: The following groups of written documents are to be named as the main focus of the collection: - Social statistics - Industry - Financial and tax statistics - Transport and communications - Abroad - Money and loans, insurance Part 1 (formerly: ZStA 31.02): Organisation and business operations 1922-1945 (186); Population and area 1925, 1933-1943 (28); Cross-sectoral economic activities 1910-1944 (533); Armament and war economy 1933-1947 (312); Industry 1910-1946 (542); Agriculture and forestry, fishing 1913, 1924-1945 (93); Transport and transportation 1924-1945 (475); Post and telegraph 1913-1944 (12); Crafts 1895, 1936-1944 (8); Arts and culture 1930-1944 (88); Medicine and sport 1928-1945 (72); Social services 1909-1945 (164); Education 1937, 1939-1944 (4); Finance and taxes 1913-1945 (177); Money and credit, insurance 1876-1946 (223); Justice and crime statistics 1937-1941 (3); Foreign countries 1904-1944 (640). Part 2 (formerly: BArch R 24): Administration 1923-1945 (16); Trade and transport statistics 1927-1944 (11); Social statistics 1927-1945 (1633); Population, business and cultural statistics 1910-1944 (5); Financial and tax statistics 1913-1945 (527); Summary economic statistics 1934-1945 (53); industrial production statistics 1936-1945 (35); general foreign statistics 1927-1945 (107); statistical communications - Memel 1932-1934 (2). State of development: Findbuch für Teil 1 (1982) Findbuch für Teil 2 (1975) Citation method: BArch, R 3102/...

History of the Inventory Designer: On October 1, 1939, summary of the (Prussian) Secret State Police Office (Ge‧stapa), the office of the Political Police Commander of the (non-Prussian) Länder, the Reich Criminal Police Office, the Security Police Main Office, and the Sicherheits‧haupt‧amtes (SD Main Office) of the SS in the newly erected Security Police Main Office, which was established by the Chief of Security Police and SD, Reinhard Heydrich (since October 30, 1939). January 1943 Ernst Kaltenbrunner) Reichssi‧cher‧heits‧hauptamt (RSHA); in October 1943 the RSHA was established as follows: Amt I Per‧sonal, Training and Organisation of the Security Police and the SD, Amt II Haushalt und Wirtschaft, Amt III Deutsche Lebensgebiete, Amt IV Gegner-Erforschung und -Be‧kämp‧fung (Geheimes Staatspolizeiamt), Amt V Verbrechensbekämpfung (Reichskriminal‧poli‧zei‧amt), Amt VI Auslandsnachrichtendienst, Amt VII Weltanschauliche Forschung und Aus‧wer‧tung Content characterisation: Part 1 (formerly: ZStA, 17.03): 1917-1945 (138): Personnel, organisation, business administration of various SS and SD offices 1917-1919, 1933-1945 (12), political situation (with reports), labour movement, communist and social democratic actions, church affairs (both domestic and foreign) 1921-1945 (22), training activity (also church political training) 1936-1944 (13), Literaturnach‧weise (historical and contemporary documents) 1927-1943 (9), lecture directories, Seme‧ster and seminar papers, various records 1923-1945 (15), Hexenwesen, Zauberei (with references) 1932-1942 (36), Geheimes Staatspolizeiamt, Berlin 1933-1943 (14), Geheime Staatspolizei Bremen 1934 (1), Staatspolizei(leit)stellen - mit verschiedenen Außen(dienst)stellen und Grenz(polizei)kommissariaten - Düsseldorf, Hamburg, Karlsruhe, Königsberg (Prussia), Munich, Saarbrücken, Prague 1933-1944 (15), Commander of the Security Police and the SD in the Be‧reich of the Military Commander in France, Paris 1944 (1) Part 2 (formerly: BArch, R 58): 1920-1945 (1.670): Administration: Central authorities of the Security Police and SD 1933-1945 (21), Central and Unterbehör‧den 1933-1945 (6), Reichsstiftung für Länderkunde 1943-1944 (5), Correspondence and administration of written records 1933-1945 (20), Procurement, in particular Weapons and equipment 1933-1945 (15), vehicles 1936-1944 (10), literature 1941-1944 (9), budget, cash and accounting 1933-1945 (13), personnel affairs in general 1933-1945 (10), affairs of individual departments and persons 1936-1945 (97), Involvement of university teachers by the Orient Research Centre 1944-1945 (3), Ein‧stellung, education and training 1930-1945 (22), disciplinary measures 1934-1944 (4) Monitoring and prosecution of political opponents: Principles and guidelines 1933-1945 (6), status reports and overviews from the gesam‧ten Reichsgebiet 1931-1944 (34), status reports, v.a. individual state police officers 1933-1939 (68), imposition of protective custody and "special treatment" 1933-1945 (5), Über‧wachung and persecution of the labor movement in general 1928-1944 (27), popular front, united front 1925-1940 (15), German united party 1937-1940 (3), Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) and socialist splinter groups 1931-1943 (23), Communist Party of Germany (KPD) and communist splinter groups 1932-1942 (41), individual social democratic, socialist or communist political organizations 1926-1942 (17), socialist and communist youth and sports organizations 1931-1941 (26), "Red Aid" 1930-1939 (16), cultural political organizations, free thinkers 1927-1941 (12), socio-political, professional and other organizations 1920-1941 (7), Ge‧werkschaftsbewegung 1922-1944 (20), anarcho-syndicalist movement 1930-1940 (5), Catholic and Protestant churches 1933-1945 (16), sects and freemasons 1933-1943 (10), Jews in the "Old Empire" 1933-1944 (16), Jews in integrated and occupied territories 1937-1944 (4), Zionist movement 1933-1944 (5), anti-Semitic propaganda 1936-1941 (6), national, liberal, conservative and monarchist opponents 1931-1945 (11) Surveillance of the NSDAP, its branches and the Wehrmacht: NSDAP and Wehrmacht in General 1933-1943 (1), Ribbentrop Office 1937 (1), German Labour Front 1933-1940 (2), Foreign National Socialist and Fascist Groups and Foreign Emigrants in Germany 1934-1942 (1), 20. July 1944, 1944 (1) Supervision of non-political organizations and economic enterprises: non-political organizations 1929-1941 (3), sports, youth and social associations 1930-1942 (2), consumer cooperatives 1934-1941 (6), artificial language organizations (Esperanto and others) 1933-1943 (10), economic enterprises, v.a. Insurances 1933-1942 (13) Defense against and fight against espionage and sabotage: Defense against espionage, treason and sabotage in general 1933-1945 (22), Lan‧desverrat and espionage 1933-1945 (9), sabotage and assassinations 1933-1945 (13) Measures against foreigners and in the integrated, affiliated and occupied Gebie‧ten: Treatment of foreigners in general 1933-1944 (3), foreign workers 1934-1944 (3), prisoners of war 1938-1945 (4), national minorities in Reich territory and in incorporated, affiliated and occupied territories 1934-1944 (1), state police measures in Austria 1938-1943 (7), daily reports of the state police headquarters Vienna 1938-1940 (11), mood and situation reports from Austria 1939-1944 (6), Sudetenland, Protectorate Bohemia and Moravia 1938-1945 (4), incorporated eastern territories and Generalgou‧vernement for the occupied Polish territories 1939-1945 (3), Denmark and Norway 1940-1945 (14), Eupen-Malmedy, associated western territories (Alsace, Lorraine, Luxem‧burg) 1940-1943, occupied western territories (Netherlands, Belgium, France) 1940-1944 (8), Occupied Eastern Territories (Baltic States, USSR) 1941-1945 (24), Yugoslavia, Hungary, Siebenbür‧gen, Macedonia, Operation Zone Adriatic Coastal Country 1941-1945 (6) Persecution and fight against non-political crime: Remainders of the criminal police 1935-1944 (3) Surveillance of public opinion and mood of the people: Principles of reporting by the SS Security Service (SD) 1937-1945 (2), Be‧richte on the 1939 domestic political situation (2), reports from the Reich: General, opponents, cultural areas, folklore and public health, administration and law, economics, Luft‧krieg 1939-1943 (39), SD reports on domestic issues 1943-1944 (10), regional Stimmungs‧berichte 1943-1945 (2), propaganda against foreign reports and "anti-state" influencing of public opinion 1933-1944 (3), combating antinationalsozialisti‧schen Literature 1933-1944 (11), Review and prohibition of books and brochures 1933-1943 (66), monitoring of the press 1933-1945 (55), broadcasting 1933-1945 (20), music, theatre, film, art 1935-1943 (2), science, education and popular education 1939-1945 (1), folklore 1939-1944 (1), situation of the general administration 1939-1945 (4), administration of justice 1939-1942 (1), economy 1939-1943 (1) procurement and evaluation of news from abroad: Foreign news in general 1938-1945 (16), monitoring of trips abroad 1936-1939 (10), German citizens and emigrants abroad 1933-1943 (6), German minorities abroad 1933-1943, news about individual countries: Abyssinia, Afghanistan, Egypt, Albania, Algeria, Arabia, Argentina, Australia, Bel‧gien, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burma, Canada, Chile, China, Czech Republic, Denmark, Ecuador, Finland, France, Greece, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Iraq, Iran, Italy, Japan, Korea, Lebanon, Luxembourg, Malaysia, Malta, Morocco, United Kingdom, Yugoslavia, Mexico, New Zealand, Nie‧derlande, Norway, Austria, Palestine, Poland, Portugal, Rhodesia, Romania, Schwe‧den, Switzerland, Soviet Union, Spain, South Africa, Syria, Transjordan, Czechoslovakia, Turkey, Hungary, Uruguay, Venezuela, United States of America, Cyprus 1931-1945 (188) Individual cases of persecution and surveillance: Lists, files and collective files, v.a. about political opponents from the Weimar Republic 1934-1944 (7), card index about clergy retired from church service, Or‧densangehörige and civil servants 1940-1944 (5), card index of the SD to files about individual Perso‧nen also outside of Germany with personal data and information about the reason of the file keeping, a.o. Emigrants, diplomats, foreign legionnaires, lodge membership, political activity, Spionage‧verdacht, loss of service card 1936-1938 (157), SD file on persons in individual places, especially in northern Germany with a focus on Lower Saxony, including information on profession, organization (including KPD, Freemasons, denominational associations, companies, Be‧hörden), with additional stamp "Jude" o.Dat. if necessary. (223), SD card indexes on Germans and foreigners, especially Ireland, Austria, Poland, Switzerland, Slovakia, Spain, Tsche‧chen and Hungary 1933-1943 (22) Annex: Personal documents 1883-1945, 1957-1960 (73) Part 3a (formerly: ZPA, PSt 3): 1913-1946 (616): Amt IV Geheimes Staatspolizeiamt (Office IV): political surveillance in the area of various state police (leading) positions 1929-1942 (135), Lage‧berichte 1938-1941 (4), KPD, SPD 1920-1944 (115), political emigration, directories of fugitive political opponents 1931-1944 (34), Distribution of illegal pamphlets 1927-1940 (43), jurisdiction against political opponents and interrogation practice 1933-1943 (21), various areas of surveillance 1913-1946 (27), internals, supplements 1933-1944 (16) Main Security Office of the RFSS: Monthly and situation reports, daily reports 1933-1939 (34), KPD, SPD, Red Massen‧selbstschutz, Red Frontkämpferbund 1924-1940 (50), Rheinischer Separatismus 1919-1940 (7), distribution of illegal pamphlets 1931-1941 (23), jurisdiction against politi‧sche opponents 1931-1938 (9), various areas of surveillance 1931-1939 (23), Perso‧nalangelegenheit Professor Dr. Scheidt 1936-1944 (1) Various offices of the RSHA, including state police (leit)stellen Berlin, Leipzig, Magdeburg, Stettin, Vienna 1920-1945 (73) Supplement: Structure of the main offices and offices of the Reichsführer of the SS o.Dat. (1) Part 3b (formerly: ZStA, 17.01 St 3): 1919-1946 (1.344): Office IV Secret State Police Office: printed reports of the Secret State Police and memorandums 1923-1942 (29), situation reports of the Secret State Police Office 1933-1942 (63), statistical reports of the State Police Offices 1938-1942 (30), reports of the State Police Offices in Germany and the occupied territories 1941-1943 (23), Anwei‧sungen, ordinances, orders and search lists of the Secret State Police, etc. Personal data and reports on doctors and guards in concentration camps 1928-1946 (42), materials of the Secret State Police Office on the dissemination of illegal writings, arrests, investigations, trials and the Tätig‧keit of the party organizations of the KPD 1928-1945 (81), various materials 1930-1945 (33), German, foreign and international organizations, parties and projects vor‧nehmlich of the labor movement 1919-1945 (291); various departments (RSHA and others) 1929-1945 (58); reports and notifications of the state police departments 1921-1945 (417); font collection: Illegal writings with reports and reports of the Secret State Police on their distribution and registration 1926-1945 (203); Supplements: various offices (RSHA and others) 1930-1946 (74) Part 4 (taken over by the Polish archive administration): approx. 17th century - 1945 (771): various agencies (RSHA and others; focus: RSHA Office VII Weltanschauli‧che Research and evaluation, with illegal and confiscated materials), approx. 17th century - approx. 1945 (771) Part 5 (Boberach/Muregger project): approx. 1782 - approx. 1946 (approx. 3,902): SD-Hauptamt and agencies III, VI and VII - Control and prosecution of ideological opponents: Jews, members of Christian denominations, Freemason lodges (with illegal and confiscated materials), ca. 1782 - ca. 1946 (ca. 3,902) State of development: Part 1 (former: ZStA, 17th century)03): Database/Find Index Part 2 (formerly: BArch, R 58): Database/Publication Findbuch: Boberach, Heinz: Reichssicherheitshauptamt (fonds R 58) (Findbücher zu Bestände des Bundesarchivs, Bd. 22), Koblenz 1982, reprint 1992 u. 2000 Annex - Personnel documents: database Part 3a (formerly: ZPA, PSt 3): database/findbuch (1967) Part 3b (formerly: ZStA, 17.01 St 3): database/findbuch, vol. 1-3 (1968) Part 4 (taken over by the Polish archive administration): Provisional directory Part 5 (Boberach/Muregger project): Database/Preliminary Findbuch Reichssicherheitshauptamt R 58 Part I: SD-Hauptamt und Ämter III, VI und VII, edited by Heinz Boberach and Dietrich Muregger Subsequent developments in database citation style: BArch, R 58/...

History of the Inventory Designer: With effect from 9. November 1936 Transformation of the Chief Adjutant's Office of the Reichsführer SS into the organizational unit "The Reichsführer SS Personal Staff"; function of the Persönli‧chen Staff Reichsführer SS - one of the main offices of the Reichsführung SS - as sachbear‧beitende Office of the Reichsführer SS for tasks that did not fall within the competence of SS departments; division of the Personal Staff Reichsführer SS into offices in the years 1942-1944: Amt Wewelsburg, Amt Ahnenerbe, Amt Lebensborn, Amt/Abteilung Presse, Amt München (artistic and architectural tasks in connection with the SS-Wirt‧schafts-Verwaltungshauptamt), Amt Rohstoffe/Rohstoffamt, Amt für Volkstumsfragen, Zen‧tralinstitut for optimal human recording (statistical and practical evaluation of the "human recording" at the SS and police), Amt Staffführung (internal affairs of the staff and the offices) Long text: As Heinrich Himmler at the age of 28 years by order of Hitler from 20. When the SS was appointed Reichsführer-SS on January 1, 1929, only about 280 men belonged to the SS, at that time still a special formation of the SA. The supreme leadership organ of the "Schutzstaffeln der NSDAP", set up in the spring of 1925 for Hitler's personal protection and protection of the assembly, whose abbreviation "SS" was probably to become the best-known cipher symbolizing the reign of terror of the National Socialist regime in Germany and Europe, was the "Oberleitung der Schutzstaffeln der NSDAP", which functioned organizationally as part of the Supreme SA leadership in Munich. At the height of the Second World War, on 30 June 1944, the SS then comprised almost 800,000 members, of whom almost 600,000 were in the Waffen SS alone [1]. During these 15 years, the bureaucratic apparatus of the SS had grown enormously through the establishment of new offices, main offices and other central institutions at the highest level of management and through the formation of numerous subordinate offices and institutions. At the same time - also as a consequence of Himmler's leadership principle of the division of competences on the one hand and the linking of institutionally divided competences by personal union on the other - the organisational network at the top of the SS [2], which had become an if not the decisive instrument of power, had turned out to be almost unmanageable. The formal separation of the SS from the SA took place in two steps. Himmler's communication to the SS of December 1, 1930, according to which "the complete separation of SA and SS had been completed" [3], was followed by an order issued by Hitler as the Supreme SA Leader on January 14, 1931, that the Reichsführer-SS, as leader of the entire SS, be subordinated to the Chief of Staff, and the SS, as an independent association with its own official channels, be subordinated to the Reichsführer-SS [4]. With the "elevation" of the SS "to an independent organization within the framework of the NSDAP" ordered by Hitler on July 20, 1934, the binding of the SS to the SA was finally concluded. This was justified by the great merits, "especially in connection with the events of 30 June 1934" [5], i.e. the so-called "Röhm Putsch". At the same time the Reichsführer-SS, like the chief of staff of the SA, was directly subordinated to Hitler. In 1929, the Reichsführung-SS, which at first still knew a "managing director of the overhead management", had a very modest cut within the framework of the then equally underdeveloped Obersten SA leadership. The institutional expansion of the SS leadership pursued by Himmler ran clearly parallel to the development of the Supreme SA leadership, after Ernst Röhm had taken it over as Chief of Staff in January 1931. As with the latter, several departments and departments were created in the Reichsführung-SS until May 1931 in the following structure [6]: Ia Structure, Training, Security Ib Motorisation, Transport Ic Intelligence, Press Id Clothing, Catering, Accommodation Iia Personnel Department, Staffing Iib Proof of Strength III Matters of Honour, Legal Matters Iva Money Management Ivb Medical Care of the SS (Reichsarzt-SS) V Propaganda The SS Office developed from these organisational units in 1932. The department Ic became the SD Office, a race office, later race and settlement office, at the beginning of 1932 newly created. With Himmler's appointment as inspector of the Prussian Police on April 20, 1934 and Reinhard Heydrich's function as head of both the Secret State Police Office and the SD Main Office, the SD Office, later known as the SD Main Office, underwent a development that was separate from the narrower Reichsführung-SS. In 1939, this led to the merger of the SD Main Office and the SD Main Office Security Police to form the Reichssicherheitshauptamt [7]. Although the Reich Security Main Office, the Ordnungspolizei Main Office, the Reich Commissioner for the Consolidation of German People's Growth, and the Volksdeutsche Mittelstelle were all part of the SS leadership, according to the understanding of the SS and the NSDAP; these authorities, however, apart from the joint leadership by Himmler as Reichsführer-SS and head of the German Police, and as Reich Commissioner for the Consolidation of German People's Growth and the linking of state and party-official tasks, essentially performed state functions [8]. The SS Office of 1932, which from 1935 was known as the SS Main Office [9], changed its tasks and became the nucleus of new main offices into the war years. They arose as the Reichsführung-SS continued to expand through increasing leadership and administrative tasks: Development of the armed units, development and leadership of the Waffen-SS during the war, administration of the concentration camps (KL) and the economic enterprises of the SS, activities in the ideological-political field. The order issued by the Reichsführer-SS on January 14, 1935, to reorganize the Reichsführung-SS with effect from January 20, 1935, named the "Staff Reichsführer-SS" in addition to the SS Main Office, the SD Main Office, and the Race and SS Main Offices, the SD Main Office, and the Race and Settlement Main Office. It was divided into a chief adjutant's office, a personnel office, a SS court, an audit department and a staff treasury [10]. The Chief Adjutant's Office was later to become the Main Office of Personal Staff Reichsführer-SS. The staff of the Reichsführer-SS and the SS-Hauptamt were closely linked in terms of personnel by the fact that the chiefs of individual offices of the Hauptamt simultaneously performed functions in the staff. So corresponded in the SS-Hauptamt: Staff Reichsführer-SS: Personalamt (II) Personalkanzlei (II) Gerichtsamt (III) SS-Gericht (III) Verwaltungsamt (IV) Verwaltungschef-SS und Reichskassenverwalter (IV) Sanitätsamt (V) Reichsarzt-SS (V) In addition, the Führungsamt (I) and the Ergänzungsamt (VI) as well as the inspector of the KL and the SS-Wachverbände - directly subordinated to the head of the SS-Hauptamt - were added to the SS-Hauptamt, from 1936 the SS-Totenkopfverbände, and, from autumn 1935, the inspector of the disposal troop. One after the other, the corresponding organizational units in the SS Main Office or the SS Main Office were subsequently transformed into in the staff Reichsführer-SS 1939: - the SS-Personalhauptamt für die Personalangelegenheiten der SS-Führer [11], - the Hauptamt SS-Gericht [12], - the Hauptamt Verwaltung und Wirtschaft [13], which from 1942 was united with the Hauptamt Haushalt und Bauten des Reichsführers-SS and Chefs der Deutschen Polizei und dem SS-Verwaltungsamt to form the SS-Wirtschafts-Verwaltungshauptamt [14], 1940: - the SS Main Office "for the military leadership of the Waffen SS and pre- and post-military training of the General SS" [15], - the "Dienststelle SS-Obergruppenführer Heißmeyer", which supervised national political educational institutions and home schools within the portfolio of the Reich Ministry for Science, Education and Popular Education, as it were the preliminary stage of a planned Main Office for national political education [16]. The SS-Hauptamt under its leader SS-Gruppenführer Gottlob Berger essentially retained the registration and supplementary services as well as matters of training, especially for SS members recruited in the "Germanic Lands". In addition to these main offices and offices, Himmler had early established his own office to direct the apparatus and to supervise institutions directly subordinated to him and tasks in his adjutant's office that remained outside the offices. On June 15, 1933, the SS-Hauptsturmführer Karl Wolff [17], who was the same age as Himmler, had joined them as full-time adjutant. Wolff very soon became Himmler's closest confidante, accompanied him on his travels and took part in his leadership tasks. In 1935 he became chief adjutant. Himmler took the upgrading of the Chief Adjutant's Office as an institution that had outgrown its original function into account when he transformed it into the Personal Staff by order of November 9, 1936 [18]: "1.) With effect from 9 November 1936, the previous Chief Adjutant of the Reichsführer-SS was given the designation 'The Reichsführer-SS Personal Staff' in view of its size and its greatly expanded service area over the years. 2.) I appoint SS-Brigadeführer Wolff as Chief of the Personal Staff. 3.) The new Adjutant of the Reichsführer-SS to be established forms a department of the Personal Staff." The simultaneous elevation of the Personal Staff to a main office was not only not pronounced, but probably also not intended. The increasing tasks of the Personal Staff on the one hand and the consideration of Wolff's position in relation to the newly established Heads of Main Office in 1939 may have persuaded Himmler to subsequently interpret another order of November 9, 1936, later, in 1939, to the effect that he had already at that time elevated the Personal Staff to a Main Office. In this order of November 9, 1936 [19] on the "Reorganization of the Command Relations in the All SS", he had announced the "Structure of the Office of the Reichsführer SS" as follows: SS Main Office, SD Main Office, Race and Settlement Main Office, Reichsführer SS Personal Staff; in addition, the Chief of the Ordnungspolizei, SS Obergruppenführer Daluege, had the rank of Head of Main Office. In the order of June 1, 1939, with which he formed the SS Personnel Main Office and the SS Court Main Office, he took up this order again and formulated that he had "established" them as the Main Offices. Still in the order of April 20, 1939, to found the Hauptamtes Verwaltung und Wirtschaft, however, he had declared that it was "a Hauptamt like the other Hauptämter of the Reichsführung-SS (SS-Hauptamt, SD-Hauptamt, Rasse- und Siedlungshauptamt, Hauptamt Ordnungspolizei, and Hauptamt Sicherheitspolizei). So there was still no talk of a main office Personal Staff here. Wolff was only appointed head of the main office retroactively on 8 June 1939 [20]. The function and task of the Personal Staff are described as follows in a directive of 3 April 1937 on command management and administration in the area of responsibility of the Reichsführer-SS [21]: "The Personal Staff of the Reichsführer-SS is the administrative office of the Reichsführer-SS for those matters which do not belong to the areas of activity of the heads of the SS-Hauptamt, the SD-Hauptamt, the Rasse- und Siedlungshauptamt or the administrative central offices. For reasons of competence, the Chief of the Personal Staff must finally hand over to the SS Headquarters, the SD Headquarters, the Race and Settlement Headquarters, or the Central Offices in charge all matters which fall within the competence of the Heads of the SS Headquarters, the SD Headquarters, or the Central Offices in charge. The Chief of the Personal Staff simultaneously supervises a) the Adjutant's Office of the Reichsführer-SS, b) the entrance office of the Reichsführer-SS, c) the "Chancellery of the Reichsführer-SS". Two characteristics of the Personal Staff are thus shown: It should not perform any tasks in competition with the SS specialist departments, but should be Himmler's administrative office for tasks outside these departments, i.e. at least partially exercise the specialist supervision over Himmler's directly subordinate institutions. The function of the Personal Staff as a "central command post of the Reichsführung-SS" [22], which has brought about the quality of its records and thus of the archive records to be described here, is not addressed here. In addition, a number of chief positions were assigned to the Personal Staff, whose holders functioned in personal union as heads of the corresponding offices in the SS Main Office or in the SS Main Office, but which in turn did not develop into their own SS Main Offices: The chief defender of the Reich was at the same time chief of the Office for Security Tasks in the SS-Hauptamt, later in the SS-Führungshauptamt. The Inspector for Physical Education was head of the Office for Physical Education in the SS Main Office. The Inspector for Communications, who was also Chief of the Office for Communications in the SS-Hauptamt and later in the SS-Führungshauptamt, was renamed Chief of Telecommunications and, towards the end of the war, traded as Reichsführer-SS and Chief of the German Police in the Reich Ministry of the Interior, Chief of Telecommunications. From 1942, for example, he was ordered by Himmler to set up and train a female SS intelligence corps [23]. The head of the SS-Fürsorge- und Versorgungsamt, which was established in 1938, dissolved in 1944, and initially placed under Himmler's personal control, also held a chief position in the Personal Staff. Among the institutions that Himmler directly controlled through the Personal Staff were the economic enterprises of the SS [24] (Nordland-Verlag GmbH, Porzellanmanufaktur Allach, Photogesellschaft F.F. Bauer GmbH, Anton Loibl GmbH, Gemeinnützige Wohnungs- und Heimstätten-GmbH and the Spargemeinschaft-SS, later SS-Spargemeinschaft e.V.), the Gesellschaft zur Förderung und Pflege Deutscher Kulturdenkmäler e.V. [Society for the Promotion and Maintenance of German Cultural Monuments], which were established in the mid-30s, and the SS [24], which was the first German society to establish a "Society for the Promotion and Maintenance of German Cultural Monuments", the Externsteine-Stiftung and the König-Heinrich I.-Gedächtnis-Stiftung. All these institutions served financial as well as cultural, ideological or social purposes at the same time. For example, the licence fees from the exploitation of the patent for a pedal reflector for bicycles - the inventor Loibl was a motorist of Hitler - by Anton Loibl GmbH benefited "Ahnenerbe" e.V. and the association "Lebensborn". In addition to tableware, Porzellanmanufaktur Allach produced gift articles which were not sold but were distributed by Himmler alone to SS members and their families as well as to other recipients on certain occasions via the Personal Staff or the SS Adjutant's Office [25]. Among the articles that were produced for Himmler's "gift chamber" were life candlesticks and children's Frisians, Jul candlesticks and Jul plates, sculptures such as SS flag bearers, SS horsemen, lansquenets with lance, Garde du Corps, jugglers, dachshunds, mountain deer, traditional costume groups, and much more. In the Personal Staff, these businesses were assigned to a "cultural department", with the exception of the Savings Community SS, for which the "Economic Aid Department" was responsible. The old cultural department became obsolete in 1938, when all economic enterprises were economically and organizationally subordinated to the SS-Verwaltungsamt in the SS-Hauptamt. One exception was the porcelain manufactory Allach, which was institutionalized in the Personal Staff as the "Amt München". Among the institutions economically subordinated to the SS-Verwaltungsamt in 1938 were also the Externsteine-Stiftung with the purpose of preserving the alleged Germanic cult site near Detmold [26], the König Heinrich I.Gedächtnis-Stiftung, which was responsible for the care and preservation of the Quedlinburg Cathedral, and the Gesellschaft zur Förderung und Pflege Deutscher Kulturdenkmäler e.V. (Society for the Promotion and Care of German Cultural Monuments), which looked after a number of objects, the best-known of which were the Wewelsburg near Paderborn, the Sachsenhain near Verden/Aller and the Haithabu excavation site near Schleswig. Thus also the "Department for Cultural Research", which until then had been in the Personal Staff - together with a Department for "Excavations" - for these institutions and other Himmler ambitions in culturally-historically oriented areas, lost its idealistic competence and finally also its organizational basis. The beneficiary was the "Lehr- und Forschungsgemeinschaft Das Ahnenerbe", founded in 1935, which had been affiliated to the Personal Staff since the end of 1936 and belonged to the Personal Staff from April 1, 1942 in the organizational form of an office [27]. Economically, however, the "Ahnenerbe" was also subject to the SS-Verwaltungsamt since 1938. The "Ahnenerbe" - with Himmler as president at the helm - had the statutory task of "researching the space, spirit, deed and heritage of North-Rassian Indo-Europeanism, bringing the research results to life and communicating them to the people". Objectives to make the "Ahnenerbe" the "reservoir for all cultural efforts of the Reichsführer-SS" were questioned by Himmler's leadership style, however, "that he did not necessarily want to unite everything in the "Ahnenerbe" in order not to concentrate too many important and essential things in one place" [28]. In the course of its complicated history, which succinctly documented the mental aberration and confusion of Himmler's ideology and scientific ideas, the "Ahnenerbe" attempted to go beyond its early conception and become a bizarre research site for various areas of the "cultural sciences" and natural sciences that could serve both the Nazi ideas of domination and the very concrete ones. During the war it expanded its activities further, e.g. in the form of the so-called "Germanic Science Mission" in the occupied "Germanic" countries. For its journalistic activities, it had an Ahnenerbe-Stiftungs-Verlag publishing house. The "Ancestral Heritage" finally fell into direct entanglement with the inhuman and criminal practices of the Nazi regime through the affiliated "Institute for Military Research", whose establishment Himmler had personally ordered. Under the guise of research allegedly important to the war, cruel experiments were carried out on concentration camp prisoners, which were linked to the names of doctors involved, such as Dr. Siegmund Rascher. Prof. Dr. August Hirt conducted perverted "research" at the Reich University of Strasbourg with his anthropological investigations of skulls and skeletons of "Jewish-Bolshevik Commissioners" who had previously been killed in Auschwitz [29]. A "cultural object" that remained outside the jurisdiction of the "Ancestor's Heritage" was the Wewelsburg castle in East Westphalia, with which Himmler intended to create a permanent place of worship for the SS order's idea [30]. Himmler remained personally concerned about their development, up to the planting of the castle slope with walnut trees. Organizationally, it was also anchored in an office at the Personal Staff. Another office in the Personal Staff, which represented an association, was the office Lebensborn. The association "Lebensborn" had been founded in 1936 and - contrary to what was published after the end of the war - had the statutory purpose of supporting families with many children and assisting single mothers [31], in keeping with the Nazi racial ideology and population policy "racially and hereditarily biologically valuable". Special homes were set up to accommodate them. The "Lebensborn" became directly culpable during the war as a caring organization for "racially valuable" children whose parents had been persecuted, transferred to concentration camps or killed; among them, for example, were the children of the inhabitants of Lidice and Lezáky, who had been shot dead or sent to concentration camps in the course of retaliatory measures for the assassination of Reinhard Heydrich, and children whose parents had been executed as members of the Czech resistance movement [32]. The observation of the press was an early concern of Himmler. The later office press in the personal staff had the task of keeping Himmler informed about press news. In addition, he was responsible for cooperation with party and state press control agencies, certain censorship tasks and the development of word and image documentation. Among other things, the Office also prepared an "Organization Book of the SS," since, according to its leader, "very few SS leaders have a complete overview of the organization of the Reichsführer-SS's area of work in detail" [33]. In order to carry out Himmler's tasks within the framework of the 2nd Four-Year Plan, an "Office Four-Year Plan" was created in the Personal Staff. It was involved in labour recruitment, construction and raw materials management, energy problems and research. In 1942 it was "tacitly" dissolved and incorporated into the "Rohstoffamt" [34], which had emerged from the staff office of the Reich Commissioner for the Consolidation of German Popular Growth [35]. A very early office that Himmler permanently linked to the Personal Staff was the office "Reichsarzt SS und Polizei", headed by Dr. Ernst Robert Grawitz until the end of the war. Grawitz has become less well known than Dr. Karl Gebhardt, the chief physician of the SS hospital Hohenlychen, in whose treatment Himmler very often went and who traded as "Supreme Clinician of the Staff of the Reich Physician SS and Police" [36]. Finally the "SS-Mannschaftshäuser" are to be mentioned; since the mid-30s they served to bring together the SS members at the universities "for the training of the scientific offspring required by the SS", as Himmler put it in 1939 [37], when he withdrew this institution from the Race and Settlement Main Office and turned it into an "SS office in the Personal Staff". According to staffing plans and job descriptions [38], the Personal Staff Reichsführer-SS in 1942/44 was structured and staffed as follows: Chief of the Personal Staff Reichsführer-SS SS-Obergruppenführer and General of the Waffen-SS Karl Wolff Offices Wewelsburg: SS-Obergruppenführer and General of the Waffen-SS Siegfried Taubert, Burghauptmann der SS-Schule "Haus Wewelsburg" Amt Ahnenerbe: SS-Oberführer Professor Dr. Walter Wüst, curator and head of office; SS-Standartenführer Wolfram Sievers, Reichsgeschäftsführer and deputy head of office Amt Lebensborn: SS-Standartenführer Max Sollmann, board member and head of office Amt/Abt. Presse: SS-Obersturmbannführer Gerhard Radke, later SS-Obersturmbannführer Otto Behrendt Amt München: SS-Standartenführer Professor Karl Diebitsch (processing of all artistic and architectural questions in connection with the SS-Wirtschafts-Verwaltungshauptamt) Amt Rohstoffe/Rohstoffamt: SS-Standartenführer Albert Kloth Amt für Volkstumsfragen: SS-Brigadeführer Erich Cassel, head of office and liaison officer to the Reichsleitung der NSDAP and the offices of the Reichsführer-SS Zentralinstitut für optimale Menschenerfassung: SS-Obersturmbannführer Dr. Albert Bartels (Statistical and practical evaluation of the entire "human recording" in the SS and police) Office staff management: Staff leader SS-Oberführer Otto Ullmann, from February 1943 SS-Standartenführer Paul Baumert (responsible for all internal affairs of the staff and the offices) with the directly subordinate main departments: SS-Adjutantur: SS-Obersturmbannführer Werner Grothmann Police-Adjutantur: Lieutenant Colonel of the Schutzpolizei Willy Suchanek and SS-Hauptsturmführer Martin Fälschlein Personal Department Reichsführer-SS: SS-Standartenführer Dr. Rudolf Brandt, Ministerialrat, Personal Officer of the Reichsführer-SS and Reichsminister des Innern Sachbearbeiter Chef Persönlicher Stab (S.B.Ch.P.): SS-Obersturmführer Heinrich Heckenstaller Orden und Gäste: SS-Standartenführer Hans von Uslar, later SS-Sturmbannführer Dr. Helmut Fitzner Administration: SS-Hauptsturmführer Oskar Winzer, later SS-Obersturmbannführer Christian Mohr (administration of the staff and the subordinated offices) Economic Aid: SS-Sturmbannführer Dr. Helmut Fitzner (debt relief and loan matters for the SS) Staff: SS-Hauptsturmführer Fritz Breitfeldt SS-judicial liaison officer: SS-Standartenführer Horst Bender The representative for service dogs at the Reichsführer-SS: SS-Oberführer Franz Mueller (Darß) (service dogs questions of the Waffen-SS and police at the Reichsführer-SS) and departments: - Awards and orders (subordinate to the SS-Adjutantur; processing of high awards in Waffen-SS and police) - records management and office (records registration and custody) - intelligence office (monitoring of all intelligence means of the Berlin office of the Reichsführer-SS) - driving service - commander of the staff department of the Waffen-SS (leadership and supervision of all Waffen-SS members transferred to the Personal Staff). This overview also mentions a number of other institutions that Himmler personally subordinated, were "worked on" in the Personal Staff and are documented there. These included, for example, the Reichsführer-SS Personal Staff, Department F, SS camp Dachau - Haus 13, Ernährungswissenschaftliches Versuchsgut. The director was Dr. Karl Fahrenkamp; his main task was the development of preparations for the promotion of plant growth. Around 1940 the Statistical Inspectorate was set up. From January 1944 it was called the Statistical-Scientific Institute of the Reichsführer-SS, was headed by Dr. Richard Korherr and was commissioned with the preparation of statistical work for Himmler. To be mentioned in this context are still ad hoc special institutions such as the representative of the Reichsführer-SS in the staff of the Special Representative for the Investigation of the Appropriate Use of War, General von Unruh, SS-Standartenführer Harro With, and the Reichsführer-SS Sonderstab Oberst Streck, who had to follow letters about grievances in offices and troops. Another of Himmler's countless areas of interest, the development of raw materials during the war, is probably to be attributed to the fact that he was not only very personally concerned, for example, with the breeding of caraculae and perennial rye or with the extraction of oil shale, but that he had Göring officially appoint him special envoy for all questions of plant rubber [39]. In the occupied Polish and Soviet territories, cultivation trials with Kok-Sagys, a plant found in European Russia, were undertaken at great expense in order to obtain usable quantities of natural rubber for the German war economy. The business of the Personal Staff in the narrower sense was conducted by the Office Staff Management with the subordinate main departments and departments. The other offices - the Amt für Volkstumsfragen and the Zentralinstitut für optimale Menschenerfassung (Central Institute for Optimal Human Recording) (with tasks of statistical labour force recording using the Hollerith method), which were established only towards the end of the war and apparently remained without significance and precipitation, were listed only for the sake of completeness - belonged to the Personal Staff, but had separate offices and their own registries. The most important organizational units in the Office of Staff Management were the main departments Personal Department Reichsführer-SS and S.B.Ch.P. (Head of Personal Staff) and the adjutant offices. The Dog Service Officer worked outside the Personal Staff Unit. Although the SS-richterliche Verbindungsführer was always located in the vicinity of Himmler, he conducted his official business separately from that of the staff; his registration was not included in the records of the Personal Staff [40]. Wolff's main task as Chief of the Personal Staff was to support Himmler as the closest employee and confidant in his leadership tasks. His function changed when he was appointed liaison leader of the Reichsführer-SS at Hitler on 26 August 1939. He now stayed in the immediate vicinity of Hitler, i.e. also in his field quarters. Without having any technical competence, he should keep Himmler up to date on developments at the Führer's headquarters and be available to answer questions from the Führer's headquarters. The position directly assisting the Chief of Personal Staff was the S.B.Ch.P. Main Department. (clerk chief of personal staff). The incumbent or one of his employees had to work for Wolff at the Führer's headquarters [41]. When Wolff fell seriously ill in February 1943, Himmler took over the leadership of the Main Office Personal Staff "until further notice" himself. Wolff did not return to this position; after his recovery in the summer of 1943 he prepared for his function in Italy [42]. Himmler did not appoint a new chief of the Personal Staff, but continued to perform this function himself. He dissolved the S.B.Ch.P. department. Himmler's closest collaborator after Wolff, especially since Wolff's appointment as Liaison Leader at Hitler and finally as Supreme SS and Police Leader in Italy, was his personal advisor Dr. Rudolf Brandt. Himmler's already large area of responsibility was expanded by Himmler's appointment as Reich Minister of the Interior to include the processing of tasks from the area of this ministry. Brandt always worked in the immediate vicinity of Himmler. His powers extended far beyond those of a personal speaker who accompanied Himmler on his travels and, for example, as a trained stenographer, recorded Himmler's speeches. He decided which post was presented to Himmler or not, gave a daily lecture on the problems involved, independently implemented instructions from the Reichsführer-SS, and fended off requests if they did not appear to be presentable as Himmlers in terms of content or time. Even without personally obtaining Himmler's decisions, in individual cases he could take his decision or opinion for granted and act accordingly. The police adjutants essentially had "speaking" or "transmitting" functions. The Police Adjutant's Office was the office of the two liaison officers of the Reich Security Main Office and the Main Office of the Ordnungspolizei. Suchanek was always in Himmler's field command post during the war, while Fälschlein was on duty in Berlin. In contrast to the Police Adjutant's Office, the SS Adjutant's Office, in addition to the adjutants' task of "accompanying" the Reichsführer SS, also carried out administrative tasks such as setting appointments, preparing trips, processing invitations, congratulating and giving gifts. It also dealt with factual and personnel matters of the Waffen SS, maintained contact with the SS Main Office and SS Head Office as well as with the front units of the Waffen SS. In Munich, Karlstraße 10, the SS-Adjutantur maintained a branch office occupied by SS-Hauptsturmführer Schnitzler. The headquarters of the Personal Staff was the building Prinz Albrecht-Straße 8 in Berlin, which was also Himmler's headquarters as Reichsführer-SS and chief of the German police in the Reich Ministry of the Interior as well as the chief of the security police and the SD (Reichssicherheitshauptamt) [43]. During the war Himmler often worked in various "field command posts". One of the most constant places of residence was the field command post "Hochwald" in a forest near Großgarten in East Prussia, about 40 km away from the Führer's headquarters "Wolfsschanze" [44]. Commander of the Feldkommandostelle Reichsführer-SS and responsible for its security was the SS-Obersturmbannführer Josef Tiefenbacher. He was in charge of the SS and police escort units as well as the special train "Steiermark", Himmler's rolling field command post, which brought him to the desired destinations or also let him follow Hitler's special train. This happened, for example, after the German invasion of Yugoslavia in April 1941, when Himmler's special train was parked near Hitler in Bruck/Murr. His motorcade was called "Sonderzug Heinrich". Near Hitler's Führer Headquarters "Wehrwolf" near Vinnitsa in the Ukraine, Himmler had established his field command post "Hegewald" in a German ethnic settlement area south of Shitomir. The increasing air raids on Berlin made it necessary to look for alternative quarters outside the city. These apparently accommodated larger areas of the service and had facilities that could do justice to Himmler's safety and that of his closer staff even if they were present for a longer period of time. The largest and most systematically developed object was apparently the alternative site "Birkenwald" near Prenzlau (Uckermark). On an area of approx. 290,000 m2 with some permanent buildings, which had been given over by the city administration, extensions were carried out until the last months of the war; the laying of a connecting track for the special train "Steiermark" was still in the planning stage in November 1944. The alternative place also had accommodations for Himmler, his personal adviser and the adjutants. For the year 1944 the existence of the alternative sites "Bergwald" and "Tannenwald" is proven in the files of the Personal Staff, as well as for March 1945 the alternative camp "Frankenwald" in Bad Frankenhausen (Krs. Sondershausen/Thüringen) [45]. _ [1] Cf. the data of the Statistical-Scientific Institute of the Reichsführer-SS in NS 19/1471. [2] Cf. Hans Buchheim, Die SS - Das Herrschaftsinstrument. Command and Obedience (Anatomie des SS-Staates, vol. 1), Olten and Freiburg i. Br 1965 [3] SS Command No. 20 of 1. 12. 1930 (NS 19/1934). 4] SA command no. 1 (simultaneously for SS) dated 16. 1. 1931 (NS 19/1934). 5] Hitler's Order of July 20, 1934 by Gerd Rühle, Das Dritte Reich, 1934, p. 237 [6] Staff Order of May 12, 1931 (NS 19/1934). 7] See Shlomo Aronson, Reinhard Heydrich and the Early History of the Gestapo and SD, Stuttgart 1971, and Buchheim (note 3 above). 8] The Federal Archive and its holdings, edited by Gerhard Granier, Josef Henke, Klaus Oldenhage, 3rd ed., Boppard 1977, p. 41 ff., 51 and 53 [9] Federal Archive holdings NS 31 [10] SS-Hauptamt, Staff Order No. 6 (NS 31/70). In an order to reshape the Reichsführung-SS dated February 9, 1934, Himmler had issued a new order for his staff with the Departments I. Adjutantur, II. Personalabteilung, III. Gerichtsabteilung, IV. Revisionsabteilung and V. Pressabteilung only the official title "Der Reichsführer-SS" (NS 17/135, copy in NS 19/4041). 11] Order of 1.6.1939 (NS 19/3901); residual files of the SS Personnel Main Office in the Federal Archives NS 34. [12] Also order of 1.6.1939 (ibid.); Federal Archives NS 7. [13] Order of 20.4.1939 (NS 19/1166). 14] Command of 19.1.1942 (NS 19/3904); Federal Archives holdings NS 3. 15] Commands of 15.8.1940 and 5.9.1940 (NS 19/3903); preserved files of the SS-Führungshauptamt in the Federal Archives holdings NS 33. 16] See Himmler's order of 12.1.1941 (NS 19/3903), also letter of 7.11.1941 from the Reich Minister of Science, Education and People's Education to the Reich Minister of Finance (R 2/12745). 17] Documents on Wolff's personal and private service affairs can be found in NS 19/3456 as well as in the other archive units described below in Section B. 2; in addition also the dossier concerning Wolff (copies) in the documents of the Freundeskreis Reichsführer-SS in NS 48/81. 18] NS 19/3901. Himmler announced the wording of the order in a speech at the SS-Gruppenführertagung on 8.11.1936 in Dachau (NS 19/4003; see also note 72), which had long been regarded as incomplete. 19] NS 19/3902 [20] See the documents of the Friends of Himmler concerning Wolff (copies) in NS 48/81 [21] NS 19/2881 [22] Gunther d'Alquen, Die SS. History, task and organization of the Schutzstaffeln of the NSDAP, Berlin 1939, p. 24 [23] The preserved files of the SS-Helferinnenschule Oberehnheim are in the Bundesarchiv stock NS 32 II. 24] See note 23. 25] See, for example, the archives described in section B.1.6 below. 26] Cf. Klaus Gruna, Die Externsteine kann sich nicht fhren, in: Menschen, Landschaft und Geschichte, edited by Walter Först, Cologne and Berlin 1965, pp. 239-249 [27] Tradition of the "ancestral heritage" in the Federal Archives NS 21 - Cf. Michael H. Kater, Das "Ahnenerbe" der SS 1935-1945. A contribution to the cultural policy of the Third Reich, Stuttgart 1974. [28] File note of the Reich Secretary of the "Ahnenerbes", Wolfram Sievers, from 4.11.1937 about a visit of Pohl to the "Ahnenerbe" on 2.11.1937 (NS 21/779). 29] See, among others, Reinhard Henkys, Die Nationalsozialistischen Gewaltverbrechen, Stuttgart und Berlin 1964, p. 66, 69 f., 247. Sievers was sentenced to death and executed for the criminal activities of the Institute in the Nuremberg medical trial. Shepherd's been missing since the end of the war. Rascher was executed on Himmler's orders for child undermining. 30] Cf. Heiner Lichtenstein, Wo Himmler wollte residieren, in: Menschen, Landschaft und Geschichte (above Note 29), pp. 115-128 and Karl Hüser, Wewelsburg 1933 to 1945. Cult and Terror Site of the SS. Eine Dokumentation, Paderborn 2nd edition 1987 [31] Cf. Georg Lilienthal, Der "Lebensborn e.V." Ein Instrument Nationalsozialistischer Rassenpolitik, Stuttgart, New York 1984 [32] Cf. the correspondence on the accommodation of Czech children 1943-1944 (NS 19/375) as well as Marc Hillel and Clarissa Henry, Lebensborn e.V. In the name of the race, Vienna, Hamburg 1975 [33] Accountability report of the head of office from 1.11.1942 (NS 19/2985). 34] Letter from SS-Standartenführer Kloth to SS-Obergruppenführer Wolff of 3. 8. 1942 (NS 19/349). 35] File note of SS-Standartenführer Kloth of 4.10.1943 to. Establishment of the office m.W. of 15.1.1942 and letter of the Rohstoffamt to the administration of the Personal Staff of 22.9.1943 (NS 19/1786). 36] See Henkys (note 36 above) and Trials of War Criminals before the Nuernberg Military Tribunals under Control Council Law No. 10, Vols. 1-2, Washington, D. C. 1950, and Alexander Mitscherlich and Fred Mielke (ed.), Medicine without Humanity. Documents of the Nuremberg Doctors' Trial, Heidelberg 1949 [37] SS Order of 12.2.1939 (NS 19/3901). 38] NS 19/2881. 39] Letter of appointment dated 9.7.1943 (NS 19/1802). 40] Remains of tradition in the Federal Archives NS 7 [41] Indictment of the Public Prosecutor's Office at the District Court Munich II in the criminal proceedings against Karl Wolff; see also Note 22 [42] On the takeover of the Personal Staff by Himmler himself see NS 48/81; on Wolff's later use in Italy see also NS 19/3456 [43] Cf. Topography of Terror. Gestapo, SS and Reich Security Main Office on the "Prinz-Albrecht-Gelände". Eine Dokumentation, ed. by Reinhard Rürup, Berlin 8th ed. 1991 [44] Cf. Peter Hoffmann, Die Sicherheit des Diktators, Munich 1976, p. 219 [45] The construction of alternative sites essentially documents the archives described in section A.1 below as well as other documents scattered throughout the indices. For Birkenwald see above all NS 19/2888, 3273, 2211 and 1518. Inventory description: Inventory history The file tradition developed at the offices of the Personal Staff Reichsführer-SS essentially shares the general fate of German contemporary historical sources described elsewhere in the war and post-war period [1]. Losses of files as a result of air raids in November 1943 are documented several times in the files of the Personal Staff. The office building at Prinz-Albrecht-Str. 8 was destroyed by bombs in February 1945 [2]; members of the Soviet and U.S. occupying forces are said to have recovered files from the ruins of the building after the end of the war [3]. There is no information about the fate of the files of the Personal Staff at the end of the war, nor about where the traditions of U.S. troops now kept in the Federal Archives were captured. The first message is conveyed by a file directory of the "7771 Document Center OMGUS", the subsequent U.S. Document Center in Berlin-Zehlendorf which existed until 1994 and which, as of July 1948, records an inventory of 2.5 tons of Personal Staff Reichsführer-SS "transferred to another location". It had been made available to the prosecution authorities of the Nuremberg War Beaker Trials [4]. When preparing the files for trial purposes, numerous and extensive "personnel processes" were taken from the files of the Personal Staff in Nuremberg and the Führer personnel files of the SS Personnel Main Office were added. While these later returned to the Document Center in Berlin and - reduced by withdrawals, e.g. for the "Schumacher Collection", which was formed in the Document Center against all archival provenance principles on the basis of factual aspects and which was transferred to the Federal Archives in 1962 - remained in the custody of the Document Center until it was taken over by the Federal Archives in the summer of 1994 [5], the Personal Staff, which had also been reduced by further withdrawals for trial purposes, was transferred to the USA during the Berlin blockade in 1948/49. In the course of the general repatriation of confiscated German archival records from British and American custody in 1962, it was handed over by the National Archives in Washington to the Federal Archives in Koblenz in a mixture with other records from the command area of the Reichsführer-SS [6]. After the restoration of the state unity of Germany on 3 October 1990 and the unification of the former central state archives of the GDR with the Federal Archives, the archives of the Personal Staff together with the other state and party official holdings of the Federal Archives from the period before 1945 came under the responsibility of the newly established "German Reich" Department of the Federal Archives, which was initially located in Potsdam and has been part of the Federal Archives Office in Berlin-Lichterfelde since 1996. The tradition of the Personal Staff in the Federal Archives was supplemented by a "Himmler Collection" formed in the Document Center and also handed over to the Federal Archives in 1962 [7]. It contained Himmler's personal papers, which were kept in the Federal Archives, supplemented by a microfilm of diary entries from the years 1914-1924 [8] kept in the Hoover Institution, and which constitute Himmler's estate [9]. However, the majority of the collection consisted of documents from the Personal Staff and the SS-Adjutantur, which were added to the files of the Personal Staff Reichsführer-SS. These include notes and recordings of Himmler's appointments and telephone conversations. 10] Finally, the Federal Archives were able to reunite the files of the Personal Staff that had previously been placed in the "Schumacher Collection" in the Document Center with the main holdings in NS 19. This also applies to those parts of a comprehensive collection of copies of Personal Staff documents that were created in the Document Center before the transfer of the holdings to the USA and whose "original" originals can no longer be verified in the holdings or could not yet be verified. The identification of the copies with the corresponding originals proved to be very time-consuming above all because the internal structure of the collection of copies, consisting mostly of compiled individual pieces, differed fundamentally from the order found or newly created for the files. The remaining copies, i.e. copies that could not be identified on the basis of "originals", were finally assigned to the holdings as such, and their form of transmission as copies were recorded as comments. For the majority of these remaining copies, including the few larger connected processes [11], it can be assumed that the corresponding "originals" were lost before the repatriation from the USA, or were excluded from the repatriation for reasons which can no longer be understood today, or simply, like many other German contemporary historical sources, must be regarded as lost. In individual cases, on the other hand, a double tradition cannot be ruled out; the "originals" of the documents recorded as copies may still be in an unexpected place in the inventory, but to want to find them under any circumstances would have required an unjustifiable effort. In the course of the revision and increase of the total holdings in August 2007 by orders, orders and decrees of the individual departments in the Personal Staff of the Reichsführer-SS as well as of the command authorities of the Waffen-SS and individual units of the SS upper sections concerning documents, the existing collection could be further expanded in its range of holdings. Furthermore, activity reports and partly personal documentations of the higher SS and police leaders as well as announcements, decrees and orders concerning cultural and ideological matters of folklore and resettlement policy were included. _ [1] Cf. the general aspect Josef Henke, Das Schicksal deutscher zeitgeschichtlicher Quellen in Kriegs- und Nachkriegszeit (The Fate of German Contemporary History Sources in the War and Post-War Period). Confiscation - repatriation - whereabouts, in: Vierteljahrshefte für Zeitgeschichte 30 (1982), pp. 557-617 [2] Cf. Topography of Terror (Note 51), pp. 178 ff. and Gerald Reitlinger, Die SS, Munich 1957, p. 55 [3] Findings of members of the then main archive (former Prussian Secret State Archive) in Berlin-Dahlem. 4] On the use of confiscated German files for the Nuremberg Trials see Henke (Note 54), pp. 570-577. 5] See Dieter Krüger, Das ehemalige "Berlin Document Center" im Spannungsfeld von Politik, Wissenschaft und öffentlichen Meinung, in: Vierteljahrshefte für Zeitgeschichte 45 (1997), pp. 49-74. 6] Guides to German Records Microfilmed at Alexandria/Va.., Vol. 32, 33, see also Heinz Boberach, Die schriftliche Überlieferung der Behörden des Deutschen Reiches 1871-1945. Securing, repatriation, substitute documentation, in: Aus der Arbeit des Bundesarchivs (oben Anm. 1), p. 50-61, here: p. 57 [7] See NSDAP Main Archive, Guide to the Hoover Institution Microfilm Collection, compiled by Grete Heinz and Agnes F. Peterson, Hoover Institution Bibliographical Series XVII, Stanford 1964, p. 144-149 [8] See Werner T. Angress and Bradley F. Smith, Diaries of Heinrich Himmler's Early Years, in: The Journal of Modern History, Vol. XXXI, No. 3, 1959, p. 206-224 [9] Federal Archives holdings N 1126 [10] See the below in Sections B.1..3 and B.3 archival records. 11] [(NS 19/539) and in Ukraine 1942-1945 (NS 19/544). Registrar's Relationships The "Administration of records" department of the Personal Staff was responsible for the administration of records. A "document management order" regulated "file creation and storage" [1]. The filing plan provided for the written material to be divided into four categories: Personnel filing cabinet (red), Subject filing cabinet (blue), Special filing cabinet (green), Command filing cabinet (yellow). The identification of the processes took place within a stamp imprint: personal staff Reichsführer-SS, records administration, file. No. ..., by handwritten colour inscriptions of the name (personal file) or the file number. The assignment to the individual categories, in particular the distinction between "Personnel folder" and "Subject subject folder", was often inconsistent, that is, things were also stored according to the names of correspondence partners. Subject-matter filing could take place both to a narrower subject in the sense of a "process", but also to subject series up to the number of 25 numbered individual processes increase. In addition to open files, secret files with their own characteristics and structures were also kept. The war situation and in particular the decentralised keeping of records in the field command posts led to different forms of filing after a combination of Roman-Arabic numerals without any recognisable factual connection between the individual "events", partly also - originally not foreseen - correspondence files. Filing aids and storage aids that have not been preserved may have secured access to the not particularly sophisticated document storage system to some extent. NS 19/2881: Archive evaluation and processing of confiscations at the end of the war, file transports to file collection points, file withdrawals and file rearrangements for various purposes (e.g. for the Nuremberg Trials and for the biographical collections of the Document Center in Berlin), mixtures of provenances and new formations of files have not left the already weak classification system unimpaired. In addition, files that were confiscated, as it were, on the desks of the departments and authorities, and this includes a large part of the documents captured from SS departments, were mostly in a loose state and were particularly susceptible to disorder. The SS tradition that arrived in the USA was essentially classified into three categories: Files of command authorities and troops of the Waffen-SS on the one hand and files of SS upper sections with subordinate units and facilities on the other hand were put together in separate complexes with different signatures. In a third category, in provenance overlapping to the two mentioned categories and in a colorful mixture of provenance and pertinence (e.g., files of state authorities with SS matters), all the files were brought together that seemed suitable to present the SS as an organization with its manifold ramifications. In the Federal Records Center, a file depot in Alexandria, Virginia, near Washington, D.C., these files - like numerous other traditions of civilian provenance - were arranged according to a scheme developed on the basis of a captured "Unified File Plan for the OKW and the OKH. The SS files were assigned to the EAP (= Einheitsaktenplan)-collection groups 160-164 (160 = Development of the SS, 161 = Top Division of the SS, 162 = Territorial Division of the SS, 163 = Advertising, Service, Special Affairs of the General SS, 164 = Concentration Camps and Death's Head Units), within which they were divided into a subject group with one or two subgroups. This order was converted into an alpha numerical signature (e.g. EAP 161-c-28-10); the counting of the file units followed a horizontal line in the numbering 1-N (e.g. EAP 161-c-28-10/1). This complex of files, formed in this way, largely filmed by the Americans and finally transferred to the Federal Archives, was divided here according to provenance. Considerable parts of the archives today consist of the holdings NS 31 (SS-Hauptamt), NS 33 (SS-Führungshauptamt) and NS 34 (SS-Personalhauptamt). The holdings NS 7 (SS- and police jurisdiction), NS 3 (SS-Wirtschafts-Verwaltungshauptamt), NS 4 (concentration camps), NS 21 (Ahnenerbe), NS 17 (Leibstandarte SS "Adolf Hitler"), NS 32 (SS-Helferinnenschule Oberehnheim) also received considerable growth from this restitution, NS 2 (Rasse- und Siedlungshauptamt-SS) and NS 48 (Sonstige zentrale Einrichtungen der SS, including a few remaining documents from the Institute of Statistical Science and the SS School "Haus Wewelsburg") as well as - to varying degrees - numerous other archival holdings of both party and state provenances. Documents of regional SS offices and institutions, in particular of SS upper sections and SS sections, but also of SS standards, storm bans and storms reached the responsible state archives of the Länder. The found files of Waffen-SS units were handed over to the Military Archives Department of the Federal Archives in Freiburg i. Br. for the RS inventory group there. The orders, orders, decrees and communications of all central SS services, originally combined in the "Befehlsablage", later in the Federal Archives in an "SS-Befehlssammlung", were restructured in chronological series according to exhibitor provenance (Reichsführer-SS, SS-Hauptämter or other subordinate organisational units) and assigned to the corresponding provenance holdings. The consequence of this was that the NS 19 holdings only contain the special category of the so-called "SS orders" and those issued by the Reichsführer-SS without any additions, as well as the orders, decrees, and orders issued by the departments of the Personal Staff themselves. The remaining records of the Personal Staff, at that time also called the NS 19 holdings "new", proved, as a glance at the Microfilm-Guides can confirm, to be a tradition that consisted largely of formed records management files, but could not be left in the traditional order or file description. However, in a very time-consuming working procedure, which was fully justified by the quality of the holdings, which could not be overestimated with regard to the authentic documentation of the history of the SS and the National Socialist state, a rearrangement and re-drawing according to events or subject series - as far as these had been formed in a meaningful appendix - was carried out, as a rule without regard to the original file units. The primary goal was to create clearly defined and described procedures from larger complexes of written documents with little or no factual connection. The fact that this often led to archival archival units, whose size is very small, often only minimal, had to be accepted, as well as the resulting disappointment of the user to find only a few sheets of archival material behind an important title. As a rule, more comprehensive archive units appear with detailed "Contained" and "Herein" notes, so that their exhaustive description of content is also guaranteed. The indexing begun by Elisabeth Kinder at the end of the 1960s was based on the "Guidelines for the Title Recording of Modern Files" (Instruction for Archival Activity No. 29), which were valid at the time in the Federal Archives and entered into force on 15 January 1963. The recorded running times of the archive units, most of which were newly created in the archives, consistently follow the date that can be determined first and last in the records. Deviations are usually indicated. Only where it seemed important and above all expedient, especially in the case of individual documents, are monthly and daily data given. Terms of annexes falling within the time frame of the actual transaction, also of other documents which are obviously "outliers" in terms of time, are listed in brackets, time data indexed in square brackets. Cassations were handled with the utmost caution in the cataloguing of this collection of archival records of the Nazi regime - apart from duplicates and the collection of copies from the "Schumacher Collection". Even in those cases where the reasons for cassation in the archives did suggest a cassation, it was decided in principle to preserve the archival records. In this context, the problem of the destruction of files of important authorities and departments of the Nazi state, which sometimes touched on political dimensions as well, especially when these were directly linked to the ideology and extermination machinery of the Nazi state, such as those of the SS and especially of the Reichsführer-SS, should be remembered. 1] The classification of the holdings carried out after the completion of the title records could not, as for example in the case of a large number of ministerial file holdings, be based on prescribed file plans or other highly developed registration aids. Therefore, it was necessary to find an objective structure independent of the registry, which was primarily based on the above-described competence structure of the Personal Staff and, in a broader sense, also on the overall organizational responsibilities of the Reich leadership of the SS, as defined by the various main offices and other central offices. From the registry order outlined above, only the above-mentioned "command file" (in Section C.1) and the "personnel file" (Sections C.2 and C.7.6) can be identified in general terms. The fact that this rather factual-technical classification is accentuated by Himmler's special, sometimes peculiarly quirky personal fields of interest in a conspicuous way, sometimes even superimposed, so in the areas of health care, race and population policy, science, nutrition, plant breeding and inventions, gives the stock of his Personal Staff a special, from the traditions of the other SS-main offices deviating, just "personal" coloring. It is true that the individual areas of classification are to be understood primarily as related to the SS. So education and training means first of all education and training of the SS. Science stands above all for the "science" pursued by the SS and misunderstood, even perverted, in its ideological sense. And economy refers primarily to the SS economic enterprises. It is not difficult to recognize, however, that a mixture with "SS-free" dimensions of the concepts and areas could not always be avoided. The chapter on finances documents not only the financing of the SS but also some aspects of state financial policy. In addition to the administration and the completely ideologized health policy ideas of the SS, some files also concern state administration, as well as state health policy. Section C.19 (Reichsverteidigung...) also concerns the warfare of the Wehrmacht in addition to the widely documented establishment, organization and deployment of Himmler's Waffen SS. Ultimately, however, this mixture appears to be a reflection of the mixture of state and party official competences that was consistently practised in Himmler's power apparatus, i.e. here mostly "SS-like" competences, apart from the fact that a convincing archival separation would mostly have been possible only at the "sheet level" and thus too costly. Cross-references were applied relatively sparingly. On the other hand, titles that apply to several subject areas appear several times in case of doubt, i.e. in each of the appropriate sections. Since its return to the Federal Archives, the holdings have been usable from the outset and at all times due to the declaration of disclosure [2] requested by the Allies from the Federal Government before the return of German files. And it is undoubtedly one of the most frequently used archives of the Federal Archives since then. In the more than three decades it was used unchanged strongly for all purposes of use, essentially of course for historical research, but also for the numerous domestic and foreign lawsuits for Nazi violent crimes and Nazi war crimes up to the late seventies. This led not only to the unusually long duration of his indexing - the processing of the holdings could not be a reason for temporarily excluding the archives from use for reasons of both archival expertise and politics - but also to different citation methods in the numerous publications he was called upon to produce, corresponding to the respective state of indexing. In addition to the American EAP signatures used almost exclusively, especially in very early publications, the "old" NS-19 signatures assigned immediately after the repatriation, but still before the indexing, were also frequently used, and from the late 1960s these were increasingly combined with the "old" NS-19 signatures assigned in the L

History of the Inventory Designer: After the dissolution of the "Historical Reich Commission", the Reich Institute for the History of the New Germany was founded in Berlin with effect from 1 July 1935. The Jewish Question Research Department, established in 1936, was based in Munich. The Reichsinstitut was subject to the supervision of the Reich Ministry of Science, Education and People's Education. It had the task of "researching and presenting modern German history, especially the period between the French Revolution and the National Socialist Revolution (1789-1933)", both in the form of source publications and independent presentations. The numerous research assignments included, among others Foreign Policy of Prussia 1858 - 1871 (adopted by the "Historische Reichskommission"), History of Philosophy, Research on the Jewish Question and Reich and Enemies of the Reich. Until December 1941, the Reichsinstitut was headed by Prof. Dr. Walter Frank, (temporarily) replaced by Dr. Karl Richard Ganzer. In Ganzer's absence and after his death in October 1943, Prof. Dr. Erich Botzenhart took over the performance of his official duties. Inventory description: Inventory history In the last years of the war, essential parts of the Reichsinstitut had been relocated to Göttingen, including service and business records (destroyed there), an extensive contemporary press archive with biographical collections on contemporary personalities, parts of the Steininger Biographical Collection with material on Hitler, Ludendorff and other prominent contemporaries, a series of transcripts from Colonel Bauer's papers and parts of the reference library. The surviving documents were handed over to the University of Göttingen at the end of the war. From there in 1953 the approximately 27 linear metres of newspaper clippings were transferred to the Institute for Contemporary History in Munich, where they were later integrated into the collection there. The files remaining in Berlin were transferred to the Berlin main archive (Rep. 300 Reichsinstitut für Geschichte des neuen Deutschlands and Rep. 336 Biographische Sammlung Carl Steininger). In 1969 the Federal Archives took over the files of the Reichsinstitut (Rep. 300) and formed the inventory R 1. The Handakten Ganzer originate from a collection of the Hauptstaatsarchiv Wiesbaden from 1974. The daily reports of the HAPAG representative Arndt von Hotzendorff from 1914-1918 to the general director Albert Ballin, which were handed down as "Depot Hamburg - America - Line", had reached the Reichsinstitut in June 1939 in connection with research work of Colonel Nicolai, where they were recovered from fire debris in 1945. In 1990, the series of reports was submitted to the Hamburg State Archives, where it was integrated into the archive of HAPAG LLOYD AG. In the Federal Archives the documents can be used on film. Archivische Bearbeitung The list drawn up in 1945/1948 by the former archivist of the Reichsinstitut Johannes Grandinger was subsequently changed only by supplementing the new entries. Classification and distortion have been revised to the extent necessary for the present version of the finding aid book, in some cases in conjunction with re-signings. Characterization of the contents: Files of the Reichsinstitut were largely lost during the war through bombing and targeted destruction. The mass of the tradition is made up of the hand files of the accounting clerk for the Reich Institute in the Reich Ministry of Science, Education and Popular Education, Councillor Klöhn. Only a few files from the registry of the Reichsinstitut were secured, including circulars of the ministry and the access register of the library. The collection also contains some manuscripts of scientific papers as well as files of the provisional director Ganzer. State of development: Findbuch (2005), Online-Findbuch (2005). A collection of newspaper clippings from the Reichsinstitut is kept at the Institute for Contemporary History in Munich. Citation style: BArch, R 1/...

Contains: Schöpf, Dr.-Clemens, Professor of Organic Chemistry, 1940 Schöpfling, Georg Johann, Social Democratic editor, 1929 Schöpfwinkel, Robert, Managing Director of the Central Administration Wirtschaftsgruppe, Gaststättengewerbe, 1936 Schörker, Friedrich Wilhelm Otto, Hessian State Stable Master, 1937 Schörner, Ferdinand, German colonel general, 1944 Schöttler, Dr. Wilhelm, editor of the editorial board "Werkmeisterzeitung", 1922 Schofer, Franz, District Manager of the General Association of German Employees in Southwest Germany, 1933 Schofer, Dr. Josef, politician of Baden, Ztr. 1930 Scholl, Friedrich von, Adjutant General of the Kaiser, Captain General of the Schlo- u. Leibgarde, Colonel General, 1928 Scholtz, Arthur, Mayor of Berlin, 1935 Scholtz, Jul.., Owner/founder of the company Jul Scholtz, leather drive belt factory in Siegen, 1936 Scholtz, Klaus, submarine commander, 1943 Scholtz-Klink, Gertrud, Reichsfrauenführerin d. NS-Frauenschaft and the Deutsches Frauenwerk, 1941 Scholtz, Conrad J.W., founder and chairman of the supervisory board of Conrad Scholtz AG in Hamburg, 1941 Scholtz, deputy treasurer of the DAF, 1936 Scholtz, supreme administrative court of Prussia. Higher Administrative Court, 1936 Scholtze, Dr. Günther, MR im RuPrAM, Berlin, 1936 Scholz, Dr., Head of the Reich Motor Vehicle Works Association, 1935 Scholz, Dr.Dr.-Ing.h.c. Ernst, Reich Minister of Economics in the Fehrenbach cabinet, German politician, 1929 Scholz, Erich, radio commissioner of the Reich Minister of the Interior, 1933 Scholtz, Friedrich von, General of the XXth Army Corps in Allenstein, 1937 Scholz, Gustav, Chief Consistorial Councillor in the German Protestant Federal Office, 1929 Scholz, Hugo, sudetendt. Writer, 1937 Scholz, Dr. Johannes, Publishing Director of the Poznan "Concordia", 1938 Scholz, Dr.h.c. Ludwig, Worker and Pioneer of German Colonial Issues, 1937 Scholz, Robert, Author: "Lebensfragen d. bildenden Kunst", 1937 Scholz, Dr.-Ing.Wilhelm, head of the Reichskraftwagenbetriebsverband, 1935 Scholz, Wilhelm von, German writer, 1944 Schomburgk, Robert, colonial politician, researcher, 1940 Schomburgk, Hans Hermann, German African researcher, 1940 Schonka, Dr.jur. Franz von, president of the Austrian Federal Railways, 1934 Schopenhauer, Arthur, philosopher from Gdansk, 1938 Schories, trustee of labor, economics scholar, 1933 Schorlemer-Alst, 1933 Schorlemer-Alst, Burghard von, member of the Prussian state council and manor house, 1925 Schormann, Robert, SA group leader, leader of the office for bodily health, 1925 Education in the RM for science, education and popular education, 1942 Schorr, Friedrich, German opera singer, 1933 Schott, Dr.h.c. Otto Friedrich, founder of the glassworks Schott and Gen. Jena, 1935 Schott, Dr. Georg, processor of the ideas of National Socialist ideology (writer), o.Dat. Schott, Walter, German sculptor, 1938 Schotte, Dr.phil. Walther, German publicist, 1934 Schottky, Johannes, author: "Die Persönlichkeit im Lichte der Erblehre", 1936 Schottky, Julius Maximilian, writer, lover of literature and art, 1937 Schouttz-Ascheraden, Karl Friedrich Freiherr von, (press report of the Rigaschen Rundschau), 1937 Schowalter, August, Superintendent, opinion leader on religious issues, 1940 Schrader, Johann Hermann, poet, 1937

Contains: Reber, Charles, Swiss journalist, published "Durchmarschpläne der deutschen Armee durch die Schweiz", leader of the socialist group of students, Marxist agitator, member of the Third International, 1937 Ribitzki, Dr. Helmut, former member of the International Committee of the German Army. Lord Mayor of Breslau, 1935 Rechberg, Arnold, German politician, industrialist and sculptor, 1935 Rechberg, Fritz, Kommerzienrat, senior director of the Tuchfabrik A. Rechberg KG in Hersfeld (Hessen-Nassau), 1939 Reche, Dr. Otto, professor of anthropology and racial research, 1940 Rechenbach, Dr.phil. Horst, kgl. pr. Lieutenant Colonel (retd.), Front Fighter, East Prussian Freikorps, Specialist Study Council, Graduate Farmer, Inspector of Livestock Breeding, Deputy Head of the Breed and Settlement Office SS, o.Da. Rechenberg, Albrecht Freiherr von, German colonial politician, 1935 Rechenberg, Hans, editor of the National Socialist "Großdeutsche Pressedienstes", 1932 Rechlin, Wilhelm, managing director of the Essen Chamber, 1942 Recht, Gauschulungswlater, 1939 Rechmann, Dr. Heinrich J., author: "Altgermanische Erziehung", 1935 Reck, Prof.Dr.Dr.h.c. Hans, volcanologist and palaeontologist from the Palaeontological Institute of the University of Berlin, 1937 Reck-Walleczewen, Fritz, author: "Acht Kapitel für die Deutschen", 1935 Recke, Prof.Dr.., Archivdirektor, full professor at the university in Danzig, 1934 Reckewerth, Obergebietsführer, member of the reichstages, 1937 Recking, Ruppert, author of the books: "Ein Journalist erzählt", "Ein Kaiserreich auf Aktien", 1937 Reckmann, Fritz, deputy Gauleiter Koblenz-Trier, 1941 Reclam, Philipp, publisher, 1942 Reclam, Dr. Ernst, senior director of the publishing house Ph. Reclam jun. 1936 Redeker, Dr., Marktforderung u. Marktregelung in der Deutschen Brauwirtschaft, 1937 Redell, Dr. Leo, Author: "Wechsel, Scheck u. Postscheck im Dienste des Kaufmannes", 1935 Redemann, Carl, Chairman of the Association of German Sewing Machinery Retailers in Frankfurt, 1934 Reden, Graf, Schlesiens großer Berghauptmann, Bergmann u. Founder of the Upper Silesian Water Forge, 1941 Redepenning, Karl, Berghauptmann, 1936 Redeschab, Lord, British gold mine owner, 1939 Redieß, SS-Gruppenführer, 1937 Redl, Colonel, Chief of General Staff of the Prague Corps, 1936 Redlich, Fritz, Author: "Reklame", Begriff-Geschichte- Theorie, 1935 Redlich, Dr. Josef, Austrian scholar and politician, 1937 Redlich, Dr. Oswald, historian, president of the Academy of Sciences in Vienna, 1944 Redlich, Johann, treasurer of the German Sängerbund, court assessor, 1932 Redslob, Dr. Edwin, former Reichskunstwart, 1933 Redtenbacher, Ferdinand, founder of mechanical engineering science, 1934 Reeder, Reg.Chief of Military Administration, 1940 Reemtsma, Philipp F., German business leader, 1938 Reepen, Georg, adjutant and chief of staff, 1933 Reese, Maria, author: "Abrechnung mit Moskau", "ehem. kommunistische Reichstagabgeordnete", 1937 Regendanz, banker and financier, 1931 Regener, Dr. Erich, professor, radiologist, 1941 Reger, Erik, German writer, 1943 Reger, Max, German musician, 1941 Regiomontannes - see Johannes Müller, o.Dat. Regler, Gustav, Schriststeller, 1934 Reh, Prof. Head of the Pest Department at the Zoological Institute (State Institute) and in the Zoological Museum Hamburg, 1932 Arthur Rehbein - also Atz vom Rhyn, German local writer and poet, 1942 Rehberg, Hans, German writer, 1940 Rehfisch, Hans J., German poet, o.Dat. Rehm, Wilhelm, freelance writer, author: "Der schaffende Mensch in der deutsch Wirtschaft", n.d. Rehmer, Dr.-Ing., Director of BAL-Bewag, Elektrizitätsforscher, 1935 Rehmke, Johannes, German philosopher, 1928 Rehn, Dr. Fritz, President of the Senate of the Supreme Court, Berlin, President of the People's Court, 1934 Rehrl, Dr. Fr, former governor of the province of Salzburg, Hofrat, 1938 Rehse, Friedrich Josef Maria, founder and head of the collection Rehse, collection and archiving of "contemporary history", including documents from the time of the party (NSDAP), 1943 Rhyn, Atz vom, German homeland writer and poet, 1942 Tannenberger, Hermann, German writer, 1931

1st Curriculum Vitae Adolf Grimmes 1889 Born on 31 December 1889 in Goslar im Harz as second child of the railway official Georg August Adolf Grimme and his wife Auguste Luise nee. Sander 1896-1900 attended elementary school in Weferlingen 1900-1904 attended secondary school in Hildesheim 1904-1906 attended secondary school in Sangerhausen (1906 death of father) 1906-1908 (again) attended the Andreanum in Hildesheim 1908 Abitur 1908-1914 studied German and philosophy at the Universities of Halle, Munich (pupil of the philosopher Max Scheler) and Göttingen (pupil of the Germanist Edward Schröder and the philosopher Edmund Husserl) In 1914 he passed the teacher examination in philosophy, German studies, French, religion; Note "Gut" 1914-1915 Trainee at the Royal Grammar School in Göttingen July 1915 Recruit training in Strasbourg, after a long illness he meets his later wife, the painter Maria (Mascha) Brachvogel, in the hospital in Strasbourg (3 children were born to the marriage, son Eckard died in an accident in 1931 when he was fourteen) Nov. 1915 Dismissed as "unfit for service" 1916-1919 Assessor at the Realschulgymnasium in Leer/Ostfriesland 1918 Joined the German Democratic Party 1919 Head of the Leer local group of the DDP, in the same year resigned from this party 1919-1923 Student council and senior student council at secondary schools in Hanover Following the movement of decisive school reformers (Paul Östereich, Berthold Otto) 1922 Joined the SPD 1923-1924 Provinzialschulkollegium Hannover 1925-1927 Ministerialrat in Magdeburg 1928-1929 Ministerialrat im Preußischen Kultusministerium, personal adviser to the Minister of Culture Carl Heinrich Becker 1929-1930 Vice-President of the Provinzialschulkollegium Berlin/Brandenburg 1930-1932 Prussian Minister for Science, Art and Education in the Otto Braun Cabinet (appointed in January 1930) 20. July 1932 deposition as minister with the entire Prussian government by Reich Chancellor von Papen Grimme works illegally as a proofreader (publishing house Walter de Gruyter, Berlin), until 1942 theological and literary studies (work on the Gospel of John) 1935 pension payment as Vice-President of the Provinzialschulkollegium 11.10,1942 Arrested, charged, among others, with his fellow student Dr. Adam Kuckhoff, writer, for suspected anti-fascist resistance ("Red Chapel") Febr. 1943 Conviction for not reporting a project of high treason to three years in prison 1942-1945 Prisoner in the prison buildings Spandau, Luckau and Hamburg/Fuhlsbüttel May 1945 Exemption by the English occupying power 1945-1946 Provisional government director, from 15.12.1945 senior government director of the culture department of the upper presidium in Hanover 1946-1948 education minister of the state of Hanover and Lower Saxony (appointed on 27 November 1945).1946) Febr. 1947 Separation from Mascha Grimme End of 1947 Marriage to Josefine née v. Behr, divorced head (born 1907) 1948-1956 General Director of Nordwestdeutscher Rundfunk, Hamburg, until its dissolution on 1. January 1956 (assumption of office: 15.11.1948) 1956-1963 Retired in Brannenburg/Degerndorf am Inn 1963 Died on 27 August in Brannenburg/Inn Awards 1932 Goethe - Medal for Art and Science 1948 Honorary doctorate (Dr. phil.) by the Georg-August-Universität zu Göttingen 1949 Goethe plaque of the City of Frankfurt am Main 1954 Grand Federal Cross of Merit with Star 1962 Grand Cross of Merit of the Order of Merit of Lower Saxony and State Medal 1961 German Adult Education Association endows Adolf Grimme Prize as television prize of the German Adult Education Association Honorary Offices (Year of Acceptance) 1946 (1958) Chairman of the Barlach Society (honorary member since 1956) 1946 (-1957) Member of the Board of the German Shakespeare Society 1948 President of the German National Academic Foundation and Senator of the Max Planck Society 1948 (-1956) Member of the Board of the German Theatre Society 1948 (-1962) Chairman of the Board of the German Theatre Society 1948 (-1962). Member of the Board of the Stiftung Deutsche Landerziehungsheim, Hermann Lietz-Schule 1949 Full Member of the Deutsche Akademie für Sprache und Dichtung, Darmstadt 1949 Honorary Member of the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Erziehung und Unterricht, Munich 1950 Member of the German Committee for UNESCO Work 1951 Member of the German UNESCO Commission 1953 Honorary Member of the Fernseh-Technische Gesellschaft, Darmstadt 1954 Corresponding Member of the German Council of the European Movement 1957 Advisory Board Member of the Deutsche Akademie für Sprache und Dichtung, Darmstadt 1959 Member of the P.E.N. Veröffentlichungen Grimmes (in selection) - The religious man - An objective for the new school. Berlin 1922; - "Selbstbesinnung" - Speeches and essays from the first year of reconstruction. Braunschweig 1947; - On the essence of Romanticism. Heidelberg 1947; - Dieter Sauberzweig (ed.): Adolf Grimme - Letters. Heidelberg 1967; - Eberhard Avé - Lallemant (ed.): Adolf Grimme - Sinn und Widersinn des Christentums. Heidelberg 1969 Journals published by Grimme - Monatsschrift für höhere Schulen, Berlin 1930-1933 - Die Schule (from H. 3/1950 Our School), Monatsschrift für geistige Ordnung. Hanover 1945 - 1955 - Thinking people, leaves for self-education. Braunschweig 1947-1949 2nd history of the stock and remarks on the use of the stock. Literature references to Adolf Grimme's estate papers, which largely reflect his entire life's path, reached the Secret State Archives in several stages. A first very small part (approx. 0.10 running metres) was already handed over by the Federal Archives in 1969 (according to a letter from the archive dated 26.1.1976), further parts were taken over directly by Mrs. Josefine Grimme from 1974. The last parts of the estate listed were initially deposited in the archives (Depositalvertrag of 20 June 1974). This deposit was converted into a gift by Mrs. Josefine in June 1981. The autograph collection created by Grimmes was sold to the GStA in 1981 (also by Mrs Josefine). The entire holdings have thus become the property of the archive. Sabine Preuß, then Heidemarie Nowak, under the guidance of Dr. Cécile Lowenthal-Hensel, took charge of the holdings in the Secret State Archives. Josefine Grimme herself also carried out the orderly work once again. In addition, she identified signatures and put together correspondence in elaborate work. The distortion was finished by Inge Lärmer and Ute Dietsch. The initial decision to waive the inclusion of notes in correspondence was reversed when the titles were entered into the database in consultation with the head of unit, Dr. Iselin Gundermann. All files which had to be checked again in this context, especially for technical reasons, were checked for the necessity of containing notes in the interest of use and supplemented accordingly. This applies in particular to correspondence with artists or with very high-ranking personalities - personalities of contemporary history - or files with contents that are valuable for scientific analysis. Josefine Grimme stressed in her letters (including a letter of 27 July 1980) that the files were "essentially still as my husband had seen them". The Grimme couple deliberately designed Adolf Grimme's own registry and archive. After the sources were taken over by the archive, the aim was therefore not to destroy the order laid down by Adolf and Josefine Grimme. When using the holdings, it should therefore be noted that - if available - the inscriptions on master folders, the inscription of folders or fascicles or inserted notes with a summary of the contents of the respective folders (i.e. "file titles" issued by Grimme[s]) should be retained as far as possible and set in quotation marks in the reference book, if necessary - as an offer to the user - explained by "Contains note". The Josefine Grimme collections (group 1.1.3) were started by Adolf Grimme and therefore also left in context. It was agreed between Josefine Grimme and the archive that "the files blocked by her husband at the time and all personnel files after 1945" would not yet be made accessible for use (letter of the GStA of 13 March 1975 to Ms Grimme). In principle, these blocks have been maintained until 2010, even in compliance with data protection regulations (in particular groups 2.5.4 to 2.5.6). In the find-book, especially in the Correspondence group, the number of pieces (not the number of sheets) of existing documents can be seen in the file titles. "K" means that (mostly partially) there are only copies in the correspondence (the originals are then mainly in the autograph collection, which contains almost exclusively letters to Grimme - group 6.4). Reference files that Grimme kept from his time as Prussian Minister of Culture until his time as Lower Saxony Minister of Culture were not separated; they are classified in the time of the beginning of file formation (Prussian Ministry). The possible overlaps between the individual groups must also be taken into account during use. Since Josefine Grimme formed the files for the correspondence herself (with her own portfolio, counting of pieces and often also sheet counting, as can still be seen from the portfolio captions), it was decided that later or in other contexts letters from the respective correspondence partner would be listed in the archive as an extra volume and would not be incorporated into the existing portfolios. This explains, for example, overlaps in the runtimes of the individual volumes with the letters of a correspondence partner. Grimmes also retained the grouping of letters from some of his correspondence partners with the same initial letter into the subgroup "Individuals", in some cases supplemented by the note "Insignificant", since the latter documents were of no importance to Grimmes in the context in which they were written. The authors of the letters may well be historically important personalities. No cassations were made in the archive. Tapes of Adolf Grimme's speeches and performances were given to the Adolf Grimme Institute in Marl by Mrs Grimme in 1979. Waltraud Wehnau did some of the technical writing work (correspondence partner). Literature about Grimme (in selection) - Walter Oschilewski (ed.): Wirkendes, sorgendes Dasein - Begegnungen mit Adolf Grimme. Berlin 1959; - Julius Seiters: Adolf Grimme - an education politician from Lower Saxony. Hanover 1990; - Kurt Meissner: Between Politics and Religion. Adolf Grimme. Life, work and spiritual form. Berlin 1993 Accessions: 39/1974; 142/76; 88/81; 78/83; 81/84; 84/84; 65/93 The holdings are to be quoted: GStA PK, VI. HA Familienarchive und Nachlässe, Nl Adolf Grimme, Nr.# Berlin, May 2000 (Ute Dietsch, Inge Lärmer) Description of holdings: Biographical data: 1889 - 1963 Resource: Database; Reference book, 3 vol.

Contains: University lecturer (except technical, medical, scientific), list, Dec. 1, 1944 25 years Hamburg University, newspaper clippings, 1944 Planned establishment of a China Institute, 1943 35th anniversary of the Colonial Institute, speeches, 1943 Expansion of Colonial Sciences, in particular professorship for colonial soil science and cultural technology, 1942 University fees, 1939

Contains among other things: Student bodies of the universities TH Aachen, Handelshochschule Berlin, Landwirtschaftliche Hochschule Berlin, Deutsche Hochschule für Leibesübungen Berlin, Hochschule für wirhrhafte Erziehung Berlin, TH Berlin, Tierärztliche Hochschule Berlin, Universität Berlin, Universität Bonn, TH Braunschweig, Universität Breslau, TH Breslau, Bergakademie Clausthal, TH Darmstadt, TH Dresden, Forstliche Hochschule Eberswalde, University Erlangen, University Frankfurt am Main, University Freiburg, University Gießen, University Göttingen, University Greifswald, University Halle-Wittenberg, University Hamburg, TH Hannover, Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover, Forstliche Hochschule Hann. Münden, University of Heidelberg, Agricultural College Hohenheim, University of Jena, TH Karlsruhe, University of Kiel, University of Cologne, University of Königsberg, Commercial College Königsberg, Trade College Köthen, College for Teacher Training Lauenburg i. Pom., Leipzig University, Leipzig Graduate School of Management, Mannheim Graduate School of Management, Marburg University, Munich Technical University, Munich University, Münster University, Nuremberg University of Economics and Social Sciences, Passau Philosophical-Theological University, Regensburg Philosophical-Theological University, Rostock University, Stuttgart Technical University, Tharandt Forestry University, Tübingen University, Vienna Veterinary University, Witzenhausen German Colonial School, Würzburg University, 1933

'Honouring six chiefs with old German uniform pieces for official occasions. - Approval of the proposal of the Syndicate for West Africa