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Period: 1945 - 1952 Scope: 32 linear metres = 1,875 units of description Cataloguing: ordered and indexed, provisional find book (2006) Citation method: AHR, 2.1.0. No. ... or AHR, City Assembly and City Council (1945 - 1952), No. ... Content: 1st Haupt- und Innere Verwaltung Kommandantur (1945-1951, 14 VE).- Landtag and Landregierung (1945-1952, 6 VE).- Stadtverordnetenversammlung and Rat (1945-1953, 24 VE).- Personalangelegenheiten, Personalakte (1945-1965, 135 VE).- Stellen- und Strukturpläne (1945-1953, 19 VE).- Organisation of administration (1945-1953, 45 units); - Municipalities (1945-1952, 13 units); - Legal issues, foundations (1882-1955, 25 units); - Improvement of administrative activity (1948-1952, 13 units); - Accounting and activity reports (1945-1952, 17 units).- Entries, inquiries and applications (1945-1950, 11 VE) - KPD, SPD, CDU, LDP, SED, social organisations (1945-1953, 14 VE) - Press and radio (1945-1952, 17 VE) - Correspondence with foreign countries, the western occupation zones and the FRG (1947-1951, 2 VE).- Budget, finances, taxes (1945-1953, 24 units) - Economy (1945-1953, 20 units) - Economic planning (1945-1953, 35 units) - Labour and career counselling (1945-1951, 5 units) - Maritime and port industries, fisheries and shipyards (1944-1952, 32 units) - Construction (1945-1952, 19 units).- Gas, water and energy supply (1945-1952, 8 units).- Municipal economic enterprises, local economy (1933-1952, 14 units).- Agriculture, forestry and allotment gardens (1945-1952, 22 units).- Transport, roads, bridges, ferry traffic (1937-1952, 13 units).- Trade and supply (1945-1951, 15 units).- Health care (1945-1953, 26 units) - Social welfare, resettlers (1945-1953, 16 units) - Housing, New homeland (1945-1952, 16 units) - Popular education (1945-1952, 19 units) - University, College of Music and Theatre, Promotion of Science (1945-1952, 6 units).- Youth issues and sport (1937-1954, 16 VE) - Culture (1945-1952, 17 VE) - Insurance, banks, savings bank (1945-1952, 4 VE) - Municipal property, buildings, cemeteries (1945-1952, 9 VE) - Works council, works union management, FDJ, DSF (1945-1952, 7 VE).- Elections (1946-1950, 10 units) - Order and law, courts and police (1921-1952, 23 units) - Demilitarisation (1945-1950, 2 units) - Denazification (1934-1950, 29 units) - Confiscation, expropriation (1945-1952, 63 units) - Start-up of persons and operations Oct. 1948 and Oct. 1949 (1948-1949, 32 films). 2. construction and housing - general administrative affairs of the building authority or the construction department (1945-1953, 11 units) - planning and accounting of investment buildings (1949-1952, 17 units) - urban planning (1947-1953, 7 units) - implementation of various construction projects (1945-1955, 28 units) - new housing construction (1945-1954, 71 units).- Conversion and reconstruction of residential buildings (1945-1954, 39 units) - Industrial buildings, commercial facilities (1945-1953, 10 units) - Buildings for education and research (1945-1953, 31 units) - Kindergartens, crèches, clinics (1949-1953, 9 units) - Sports buildings (1949-1952, 7 units) - Town hall extension (1948-1953, 10 units) - Housing (1945-1954, 50 units). 3. planning commission, local economy, agriculture planning commission (1949-1954, 31 units) - general administrative affairs of the economics and labour department (1946-1952, 11 units) - local economy (1946-1953, 23 units) - manpower management (1949-1953, 3 units) - agriculture (1949-1954, 23 units). (4) Finance General administrative affairs of the Finance Department (1947-1953, 5 CA) - Budget planning (1945-1952, 29 CA) - Financial control and taxation of crafts and trades (1945-1952, 7 CA).- Municipal account statements of the incorporated villages Toitenwinkel, Biestow, Evershagen, Petersdorf, Stuthof, Krummendorf and Peez (1934-1949, 14 VE) - Zollfahndungsstelle Warnemünde (1947-1950, 6 VE). 5. health and social services management and basic principles of the health and social services department (1945-1953, 14 units) - personnel matters and budget (1945-1952, 16 units) - statistics (1945-1952, 5 units).- Committees and commissions (1945-1952, 4 units) - Health and social welfare (1944-1952, 8 units) - Combating venereal diseases (1945-1954, 8 units) - Resettled persons and camps (1945-1949, 5 units) - Victims of fascism (1945-1952, 39 units). 6. popular education and culture general administrative affairs of the department of popular education and culture (1945-1952, 11 units); - committees (1945-1961, 3 units); - work plans and reports (1945-1952, 13 units).- Cooperation with political parties, cultural association, FDJ, pioneers and the press (1945-1951, 11 VE) - Municipal school administration (1945-1952, 8 VE) - Popular education investment project (1949-1951, 4 VE) - Kindergartens, homes, youth welfare (1947-1951, 4 VE).- University, Faculty of Workers and Farmers, College of Music, Conservatory, Adult Education Centre (1945-1952, 8 VE) - Cultural work (1945-1952, 27 VE) - Exhibitions and events (1945- 1953, 10 VE) - Municipal Cultural Business Enterprise (1945-1951, 3 VE).- Archive and museum (1945-1951, 4 VE) - Stadttheater, Deutsche Volksbühne, Junge Bühne, Niederdeutsche Bühne (1945-1953, 13 VE) - Lichtspieltheater (1945-1953, 6 VE) - Libraries and bookshops (1945-1954, 20 VE) - Professional musicians (1946-1952, 3 VE). 7. district administration head of the district elders (1945-1952, 35 VE) - individual districts and rural districts Diedrichshagen, Biestow and Krummendorf (1945-1953, 93 VE). 8. administrative office Warnemünde minutes and reports (1945-1952, 6 units) - administration and budget (1945-1952, 10 units) - social organisations (1945-1952, 4 units) - local administration (1945-1950, 8 units).- Economy (1945-1952, 15 units).- Allotment gardening and agriculture (1946-1950, 3 units).- Health, social and housing (1945-1952, 9 units).- Cultural and popular education (1945-1948, 5 units).- Denazification (1945-1949, 6 units). Overview: On 1 May 1945 Rostock was occupied without a fight by the troops of the Red Army. To counter the threat of chaos, a group of Communists and Social Democrats contacted the front commander. The Ordnungskomitee, as the group called itself, published an announcement on 3 May 1945 calling on the population to maintain peace and order. On 5 May 1945, the Red Army ended the temporary Front Command Office. In his Order No. 1 of 5 May 1945, the city commander declared the NSDAP and its organizations, the entire state and administrative apparatus dissolved. On 9 May 1945 Christoph Seitz, who had come to Rostock with the Red Army as Front Commissioner, was introduced as the new Lord Mayor. In the weeks and months to come, the focus of our work was on restoring and safeguarding everyday life. The reconstruction of the city administration resulted in the dismissal of the majority of the employees, as they had belonged to the NSDAP. In order to be able to penetrate the city administratively, it was divided into 26 districts. The leading positions in the city administration, built under the control of the Soviet commandant, were occupied by Communists, Social Democrats and some bourgeois Democrats formed in the four admitted parties KPD, SPD, CDU and LDP. An important turning point in the democratic legitimacy of the new city administration was marked by the establishment of the City Committee on 18 December 1945, in which representatives of the parties acted in an advisory capacity. In February 1946, the military administration appointed Social Democrat Albert Schulz as the new mayor. Within the SPD, Schulz was among those who opposed the increasingly obvious intention to change the social and economic system in the spirit of Stalinist communism. The local self-government regained its democratic foundation in September 1946 through the "Democratic Community Constitution". The municipal constitution appointed the municipal council, which had emerged from secret, equal and direct elections, as the supreme organ of the city. The executive body for implementing the decisions should be the Council. The first free elections to the City Council took place on 15 September 1946. The municipal constitution as well as the constitution of the Land Mecklenburg adopted on 15 January 1947 had laid down the principle of municipal self-government, but under the given conditions the towns and municipalities could hardly bring this principle to life. The reconstruction of the society according to the Soviet model had serious consequences for the cities in the eastern occupation zone. The introduction of the state planned economy with the biennial plan of 1949/50 was associated with a far-reaching loss of financial independence for the cities. In addition, there was the elimination of economic independence. In the first half of 1949, all municipal service and utility companies as well as the real estate had to be combined into a special municipal utility company (KWU). The company was granted the status of an institution under public law, which was effectively removed from the local administration. The SED used the clashes over these measures to launch heavy attacks against the Lord Mayor Schulz, who resigned in August 1949 and fled to the West. His successor was the Lord Mayor of Greifswald, Max Burwitz (SED). As an important instrument for steering and controlling the other political forces, the SED systematically expanded the National Front as the umbrella organization of all parties and mass organizations from the beginning of 1950. The postponed elections to the City Council were held on 15 October 1950 for the first time under the sign of the National Front's Unity Lists. Due to a lack of alternatives, the result was clear from the outset. The administrative reform of 23 July 1952 was another important step towards aligning state forms with the model in the Soviet Union. With the formation of the 15 districts, the GDR eliminated the last remnants of federalism and made state centralism, declared "democratic", the lynchpin of the political system. The three districts of Rostock, Schwerin and Neubrandenburg emerged from the state of Mecklenburg. The city of Rostock became the seat of the newly formed council of the district. The integration of the communal level into the centralist system took place through the regulations adopted on 8 January 1953 by the Council of Ministers of the GDR on the structure and tasks of the municipal councils and district assemblies. Publications: Rackow, Heinz-Gerd: The foundations of municipal policy in the city of Rostock in the period from 1945 to the founding of the GDR, Rostock 1959 Sieber, Horst: 40 years ago: New city council after first democratic elections, in: Contributions to the history of the city of Rostock. Neue Folge, Rostock 1986 H. 6, p. 11-20 Schulz, Albert: Memoirs of a Social Democrat, Oldenburg 2000 Michelmann, Jeanette: Activists of the first hour. The Antifa in the Soviet Occupation Zone, Cologne et al. 2002, pp. 310-328 Woyke, Meik: Albert Schulz (1895-1974). Ein sozialdemokratischer Regionalpolitiker, Bonn 2006 (Historical Research Centre of the Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung. Series Political and Social History, 73) Sens, Ingo: In doubt against the defendants. The show trials against the Rostock city councillors Hans Griem and Martin Müller, Rostock 2009
Content: Foreign duties 1423-1864 - Mitteldeutscher Handelsverein 1828-1834 - Prussian-Hessian, later Deutscher Zollverein until 1850 [individual pieces lost] - Steuerverein (Nordwestdeutscher Zollverein) 1835-1853 - negotiations on the unification of the German states for the protection of trade and shipping interests 1842-1852 - Bremen's position on the German Customs Union and the German Reich in customs matters in general 1851-1896 - connection of parts of Bremen's territory to the Zollverein territory 1869-1885 - inclusion of the entire territory of Bremen in the customs borders 1877-1898
In 1849, after the introduction of the ministerial organisation, special departments were created for the tasks of the administration of worship and medicine performed by the government or its Special Department of Education (see 2.21-1). These departments were temporarily attached to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and then to the Ministry of Justice as departments for educational, medical and spiritual affairs. It was not until 1919 that a special ministry was established under the above-mentioned authority name, the members of which were also individually referred to as "Ministry of Education", "Ministry of Art", "Ministry of Spiritual Affairs" and "Ministry of Medicine". The competence extended to the entire area of education administration (including the University of Rostock), the administration of art institutions, the supervision of religious communities (including the supervision of foundations and institutions for pious and mild purposes) as well as all matters of medical and health care (including veterinary matters). After the transformation of the State Ministry in 1934 (Rbl. 1935, p. 3), the Ministry was renamed "State Ministry, Department of Education, Arts, Spiritual and Medical Affairs". With the ordinance of 6 Oct. 1941 (Rbl. 1941, p. 199), the previous departments were given the designation "Science, Education and Training". At the same time the affairs of the Staatstheater, the Mecklenburgische Landesbühne and the Landestheater Neustrelitz (to the State Ministry) as well as the health service (to the State Ministry, Department of the Interior) were spun off. These changes are no longer reflected in the inventory situation. The tradition for the period 1918-1945 is partly incomplete. GENERAL REGISTRATURE A. Registry of the Ministry of Justice, Department of Spiritual, Educational and Medical Affairs: Business and service operations; personnel files. B. Registries of the Ministry of Education, the Arts, Spiritual and Medical Affairs (Includes, inter alia: (e.g. business and official operations, relations with other institutions, constitution and legislation, treasury, budgetary and accounting matters, employment of civil servants and employees). MINISTERIUM FOR INSTRUCTION A. University of Rostock I. General university affairs: Relationship with other German and foreign universities, scientific societies, academies, etc.; university associations; students; academic profession; exchange service; university reform - II. position and administration of the university: business operations; university conferences; relationship with state authority; government representative (vice chancellery); rector and senate; university archive; civil servants and employees (except faculty); university suppliers (includes, etc.: university book printing and bookstores); III. finance and budget system of the university - IV. Buildings and equipment - V. Discipline - VI. Convict and scholarships - VII. Donations and foundations - VIII. University operation: Statutes (also of other universities); Statistics (Includes: General university statistics, women's studies, working students); Lecture and personnel directories; Doctoral studies (Includes: Honorary doctorates, recognition and withdrawal of academic degrees); University publications; Summer courses, excursions; Academic celebrations and honours - IX. Faculties: General (Includes: Statutes, Deaneries); Faculty of Philosophy; Faculty of Theology; Faculty of Law and Economics; Faculty of Medicine (Includes: Teaching Operations, Doctorates, Professors and Chairs); Faculty of Agriculture (Includes: Agricultural Experimental Station).- X. University Library - XI. Institutes and Seminars: General - Humanities Institutes and Seminars (Contains: Philosophical Seminary, Linguistic and Literary Seminars, Historical and Art History Institute, Theological Seminars, Legal Seminars, Economic Seminar with Thünen Archive); Mathematical and Natural Science Institutes (Includes: Air Observatory, Natural History Museum); Medical Institutes; Other Institutes - XII. University hospitals: General; University Hospital; Medical Clinic; Surgical Clinic; Women's Clinic (with midwife school); Children's Clinic; Polyclinic for Oral and Dental Diseases; Ear Clinic; Eye Clinic; Dermatology Clinic; Psychiatric Clinic Gehlsheim (Includes, among others, the following) XIII: General service and employment conditions of professors; private lecturers (contains: personnel files A-Z according to faculties); lecturers (also personnel files); assistants; dance and fencing masters.- XIV. students: Admission and matriculation; liaison; foreign students; social services. B. Primary, middle and secondary schools I. Schools (Older General Acts 19th century to 1918 ff.): General (Contains: School regulations and school laws, school systems in other countries, pupil and education statistics, compulsory education, school associations, school years; school revisions and improvements, teaching matters, teachers); municipal schools; Romanial schools; knightly schools (also landscape rural schools); II. elementary and secondary schools (Recent General Acts 1918-1945): Elementary schools (Contains, among other things, the following: - school regulations and school laws, school systems in other countries, school statistics, compulsory education, school associations, school years; school revisions and improvements, teaching matters, teachers): School laws, school supervision, school and church, curricula, education and teaching, war preparation and war deployment, teachers, pupils); middle and secondary schools; private schools; budget and treasury bills of district treasuries - III. elementary and secondary schools (special files 18th/19th century to 1945): Stadtschulen A-Z; Landschulen A-Z; Stellen- und Diensteinkommensakten.- IV. Secondary schools: General files (contains among other things: organisation and administration, statistics, school-leaving exams); special files A-Z.-V. teacher seminars, teacher training institutions: Teacher Seminar Neukloster (also Ludwigslust); Teacher Seminar Lübtheen; University for Teacher Education Rostock/Pädagogium - VI. Special Schools: Neukloster Institution for the Blind; Ludwigslust Deaf and Mute Institution. C. Vocational and technical schools I. Vocational schools (see also 5.12-3/1): General information; Vocational schools, Generalia and Spezialia (Includes: Staatliche Gewerbeschule Schwerin, Örtliche Gewerbeschulen A-Z); Vocational schools for business administration; Rural vocational schools II. Technical schools: General information; technical colleges (Includes among others: Baugewerkschule Neustadt-Glewe, Technikum Strelitz, Baugewerkschule Sternberg, Ingenieurschule Wismar, Eisenbahnfachschulen); Seefahrtsschulen (Contains among others: Seefahrtsschule Wustrow, Navigationsvorbereitungsschulen); Handelsschulen; Hauswirtschaftsschulen; Kinderpflegerinnenschulen; Landwirtschaftliche Fachschulen (Contains among others: Individual agricultural schools, rural household schools, rural women's school Malchow). D. Adult Education Centres General; Adult Education Committees A-Z. E. Archives and libraries I. Secret and main archives/state archives Schwerin: general administration; household; buildings and inventory; archive staff; acquisitions, collections, use; historical association, commissions - II. Mecklenburgische Landesbibliothek Schwerin (see also 5.12-3/1) - III. Landesarchiv und -bibliothek Rostock - IV. Main Archive and State Library Neustrelitz - V. Public Libraries. MINISTERIUM FOR ART A. General (Includes, but is not limited to Associations, interest groups, art foundations, art collections, fine arts, concessions to acting companies, film and radio, participation in artistic undertakings, awards, scholarships). B. Theatre I. Stage associations - II. Versorgungsanstalt deutscher Bühnen - III. Hof- bzw. Staatstheater Schwerin (Contains among other things: Intendanz, household, building and inventory, performances, personnel, engagements, interim theatre, Fritz-Reuter-Bühne, open-air theatre).IV. Landestheater Neustrelitz - V. Mecklenburgische Landesbühne - VI. Sonstige Bühnen - VII. Lichtspieltheater. C. Museums I. Mecklenburgisches Landesmuseum Schwerin (Contains among others..: General Administration, Budget, Buildings and Inventory, Acquisitions, Awards, Sales, Grand Ducal Art Collections, Picture Gallery, Museum of Prints and Drawings, Coin Cabinet, Department of Prehistory, Gewerbemuseum, Military Department / Hall of Fame).- II. Wossidlo Collection (Mecklenburg Farmers' Museum) - III. local museums of local history A-Z. D. Landesamt für Denkmalpflege (before 1929 Commission for the Preservation of Monuments) E. Administration of the Strelitz Castles (Includes, among other things: Castles in Neustrelitz, Hohenzieritz, Mirow, Stargard Castle, Schweizerhaus Serrahn, State Gardens, National Museum). F. Music schools G. Private music teacher. MINISTRY FOR INTELLECTUAL AFFAIRS A. General Administration Legal and Administrative Standards - Business - State and Church. B. Evangelical Lutheran Church I. Constitution, Organisation, Internal Relations - II. High Council of the Church - III. Consistory - IV. Finance and Economy - V. Church Offices (Contains: VI. theological examination commission and preaching seminar - VII. moral police - VIII. cult and pastoral care - IX. Missionary work and care of the poor - X. Military Churches - XI. Church publications - XII. Monuments, buildings and paths - XIII. parishes A-Z (contains among other things: parish and coastal places, parish buildings, churchyards) - XIV. church associations - XV. castle church - XVI. burial creature - XVII. bell ringing - XVIII. marital status. C. Other religious communities I. General (Contains among other things: Public practice of religion, spiritual budget, mixed marriages) - II. Roman Catholic Church: General (Contains among other things: Freedom of religion, monitoring of the movement of the Catholic population, relationship with the Protestant regional church, Catholic clergy, Catholic pastoral care); parishes A-Z.- III. Reformed Church (Contains above all: Reformed Church of Bützow).- IV. Israelite communities (Includes among others: V. Baptists, Irvingians, Mormons, etc. D. Foundations General - Family Foundations A-Z - Charitable Foundations and Institutes (Includes among others: Monasteries to the Holy Cross, Monastery Elevations Dobbertin). MINISTRY FOR MEDICAL ANGELECITIES A. General (Includes, but is not limited to, health conditions and medical rules). B. Medical authorities General medical administration - Medical commission - Health offices (Contains: Reichsgesundheitsamt, Landesgesundheitsamt Schwerin, Gesundheitsämter A-Z).- Landesimpfinstitut.- Landeslebensmitteluntersuchungsanstalt.- Obergutachterausschuß. C. Medical personnel Doctors (Contains, among others, Dentists and dental technicians - Pharmacists - Nursing staff - Medical trainees - Technical assistants - Food chemists. D. Hospitals and medical institutions General hospital system - Hospital statistics - State hospitals (Contains, among other things, the following Irrenpflegeanstalt Dömitz, Heil- und Pflegeanstalt Schwerin-Sachsenberg, Heil- und Pflegeanstalt Rostock-Gehlsheim, Kinderheim Schwerin-Lewenberg, Heil- und Pflegeanstalt Domjüch) - Municipal and private hospitals (Contains among others: Caroline monastery Neustrelitz, hospitals A-Z, auxiliary hospitals) - Lung sanatoriums (contains among other things: sanatorium Amsee/Buchen, convalescent home Waldeck) - Sea baths, sea hospices, healing springs (contains among other things..: Bad Doberan, Ostseebad Neuhaus, Heiligendamm, Friedrich-Franz-Hospiz in Waren/Müritz) - children's homes and sanatoriums (Contains among others..: Bethesda Bad Sülze Children's Hospital, Anna-Hospital Schwerin, children's homes A-Z) - Elisabethheim Cripple Hospital Rostock - Other sanatoriums. E. Pharmacies General Pharmacy - Pharmaceuticals - Druggists - Pharmacies A-Z. F. Midwives (Includes: employment, midwife districts, childbed fever, etc.). G. Health care (Includes, but is not limited to District Nursing Offices, Red Cross, Infant Care, Cripple Care, Youth Welfare). H. Hygiene General sanitary conditions (Includes, but is not limited to, the following) public education, water and soil hygiene, industrial, food and housing hygiene, hygiene in seaside resorts, NS racial hygiene, funeral services) - sanitary conditions in towns and villages A-Z.- sanitary conditions in offices (districts) A-Z. I. Medical police (Includes, inter alia: Judicial autopsies and sections, abortions and interruptions of pregnancy, hypnotic notions). K. Epidemics and diseases General - Vaccination, disinfection - Individual epidemics and diseases: Cholera to typhus. L. Veterinary Veterinary Administration - Medical persons (Contains: veterinarians, district doctors, veterinary examinations) - Veterinary Conferences - State Animal Diseases Office Rostock - Slaughter cattle and meat inspection - Food and industrial hygiene - Livestock diseases (Contains, among other things, the following: - Veterinary diseases - Veterinary diseases - Veterinary diseases - Veterinary diseases - Veterinary diseases - Veterinary diseases - Veterinary diseases - Veterinary diseases - Veterinary diseases - Veterinary diseases - Veterinary diseases - Veterinary diseases - Veterinary diseases - Veterinary diseases - Veterinary diseases - Veterinary diseases - Veterinary diseases - Veterinary diseases - Veterinary diseases - Veterinary diseases - Veterinary diseases - Veter: livestock diseases law, livestock disease statistics, individual livestock diseases).- livestock breeding.- shoeing.- frog eggs.
History of the Inventory Designer: Founded in 1933, since 1934 as a public corporation of the Reich subject to the supervision of Reichsju‧stizministers and Reich Minister of the Interior, responsible for the promotion and Ver‧wirklichung of the "National Socialist Program in the Entire Field of Law" Long Text: Founding and Legal Foundations The Academy for German Law was constituted on 26 March 1933. The constituent meeting was attended by the Reich Secretary of the Federation of National Socialist German Lawyers Dr. Heuber, Professors Dr. Wilhelm Kisch and Dr. von Zwiedineck-Südenhorst, the General Director of the Munich Reinsurance Company Kißkalt, two representatives of the business community and the future Director Dr. Karl Lasch. On 22 September 1933 a Bavarian law was passed (Bayerisches Gesetz- und Verordnungsblatt No. 37, p. 277), the only article of which granted the Academy the status of a public corporation. The articles of association were attached as an annex, according to which the provisional seat was to be Munich and which outlined the tasks of the new corporation as follows: By "applying proven scientific methods" it should "promote the reform of German legal life (...) and implement the National Socialist programme in the entire field of law and economics (...) in close and permanent liaison with the bodies responsible for legislation". In detail, her sphere of activity included cooperation in drafting laws, in the reform of legal and political science education, in scientific publications and the financial support of practical scientific work for the research of special fields of law and economics, the organisation of scientific conferences and teaching courses as well as the cultivation of relations with similar institutions abroad. The office of the Führer of the Academy was to be held in personal union by the head of the Reichsrechtsamt of the NSDAP; he was responsible for the external representation of the ADR, its internal management, all personnel decisions and the decision on amendments to the statutes as well as the dissolution in agreement with the Führer of the NSDAP. As auxiliary organs a deputy, a leader staff and a treasurer as well as the department heads of the specialized departments to be created were intended. The Bavarian State Ministry of Justice should be responsible for supervision. The members of the Academy, whose number should not exceed two hundred, were to be appointed for four years; ordinary, extraordinary, sponsoring and corresponding members were distinguished. At the first German Lawyers' Day in Leipzig, the establishment of the Academy for German Law was solemnly proclaimed on 2 October 1933. This already showed that Frank was striving to turn the Academy into an institution of the Reich, which would give him the opportunity to influence the Gleichschaltung der Justitz in the Länder even after he had completed his work as Reich Commissioner for the Unification of the Justitz. On 18 June 1934, the draft of a law on the Academy for German Law was sent to the head of the Reich Chancellery for submission to the cabinet (BA, R 43 II/1509). The Reich Minister of Justice agreed after it had been clarified that the Academy should receive its own funds and not burden the Reich, the Länder or the communities. At the request of the Reich Ministry of the Interior, the draft was amended to provide for joint supervision of the Academy by the Reich Ministry of Justice and the Reich Ministry of the Interior. After adoption in the cabinet meeting of 3 July 1934, the law was passed on 11 July 1934 (RGBl. I. S. 605), with which the Academy for German Law became the public corporation of the Reich; a new statute was attached. With this law, the Academy's tasks changed only to the extent that the responsibility for the reorganization of German legal life in the field of business ceased to exist. The headquarters remained in Munich. The Führer of the Academy became an honorary president, whose appointment was made by the Reich Chancellor. The binding of the office to the management of the Reichsrechtsamt of the NSDAP ceased. As an organ of the Academy, in addition to the President, a Presidium also provided support and advice. The maximum number of members was set at 300. Committees were set up to carry out the practical work of the Academy. The law of 11 July 1934 was not amended until 1945. In November 1934 a change was planned, which provided for a salary for the president according to the regulations for Reich officials. However, the draft was removed from the agenda of the cabinet meeting of 4 December 1934 (BA, R 22/198, R 43 II/1509) on Hitler's instructions. On the other hand, two amendments were made to the statutes, first on 16 October 1935 (RGBl. I. p. 1250). It provided that, in the event of the dissolution of the Academy, its assets would fall to the Reich, due to the taking up of a high mortgage, which the Academy had taken up to expand its Berlin house. More serious in its significance was the second amendment of 9 June 1943 (Reichs- und Staatsanzeiger of 9 June 1943). It was initiated by the new President, Reich Minister of Justice Dr. Otto Thierack. He prohibited the acceptance of private donations for the Academy and abolished the office of treasurer. The new constitution submitted to the Reich Ministry of Justice by the director of the Academy Gaeb on 10 December 1942 was to take this into account and at the same time streamline the provisions (BA, R 22/199). After consultations in the participating Reich ministries, the new constitution was finally formulated in a meeting on 8 June 1943 between representatives of the Reich Ministry of Justice, the Reich Ministry of the Interior and the Academy, signed on 9 July 1943 and published on the same day. In addition to the abolition of the office of treasurer and the institution of supporting members, the main changes were the inclusion of provisions on the President's auxiliary organs and the scientific structure of the Academy, which had previously been included in the structure regulations and the administrative regulations, as well as in a clear arrangement. The aforementioned Aufbauordnung had been issued on 15 December 1936 as an order of the President concerning the reorganization of the scientific work of the Akademie für Deutsches Recht (Zeitschrift der Akademie für Deutsches Recht 1937, p. 23). It defined the structure of the scientific apparatus of the Academy. The first of these, the Honorary Senate, was of little importance, while the other two, the Department of Legal Policy for Legal Policy and the Department of Legal Research for Scientific Research, were of decisive importance. It also dealt with the future centre of the Academy, the "House of German Law", for which the foundation stone had been laid a few months earlier and which was to house the research and educational facilities of the Academy. On April 1, 1937, the President had supplemented and extended the Academy's administrative regulations (Zeitschrift der ADR, p. 405f.) by enacting them, which outlined in more detail the tasks of the individual organs, namely the treasurer and the director, who were responsible for the financial and general administration of the Academy, the director of scientific and legal policy work, the committee chairmen, and the class secretaries entrusted with the direction of the classes. Eight administrative units were also listed, one each for the Legal and Legal Research, Personnel and Legal Office, Organisation, Libraries, Periodicals and Press, International Transport and Cash and Accounting departments. After the amendment of the statutes of 9 June 1943, on 10 June 1943 there was also an amendment to the administrative regulations (Zeitschrift der ADR 1943, p. 37f.), in which the provisions on the treasurer's office were completely omitted and the explanations on the administration were greatly shortened. The extensive information on the administrative departments has been replaced by brief information on the division of units, which has existed for a long time. Organisation and staffing The President of the Academy possessed extensive powers - apart from his ties to the supervisory ministries. His appointment by Hitler and the honorary position, which presupposed a further office securing its holder financially, could give him weight vis-à-vis the authorities and party offices. Its founder, Dr. Hans Frank, was appointed the first President on August 1, 1934. In his memoirs "In the Face of the Gallows" he confesses that the Academy was to be an important means of shaping law for him, especially since the Reichsrechtsamt, of which he had been head since 1929 and which secured him a place in the highest party hierarchy, lost more and more of its importance in the period after the assumption of power, and the NS-Rechtswahrerbund, of which he had held the leadership since 1928, offered only little scope for influencing legislation. Frank's ideas were acknowledged when, after his assignment as Reich Commissioner for the Gleichschaltung der Justiz in den Ländern had ended, he was dismissed by Hitler on 19 March. In the letter of appointment, the Akademie für Deutsches Recht was described as an institution which enabled him "to participate in the implementation of the National Socialist ideology in all areas of law without restriction to the judiciary in the narrower sense", i.e. an expansion of the scope of duties beyond the framework of law-making into the other areas of legal life, which in this form emanating from Hitler represented an important expansion of power. Frank could thus see himself in possession of a kind of special ministry for National Socialist legal formation in competition with Gürtner's Reich Ministry of Justice. In the years up to 1939, Frank, whose ministerial office moved from his first residence at Voßstraße 5 in Berlin to the Berlin building of the Academy at Leipziger Platz 15 on July 3, 1935, remained closely involved with the work of the Academy and legal policy. His attempt in 1939 to free himself from the annoying supervision of the Reich Ministry of Justice and the Reich Ministry of the Interior, which made him dependent on Gürtner and Frick above all with regard to possible changes to the statutes, but also in financial matters, and to subordinate the Academy to his supervision as minister remained unsuccessful (BA, R 2/24103). Frank's presidency ended in August 1942, after his appointment as Governor General in Poland on 12 October 1939, when business had been conducted practically by the Deputy President. Hitler released Frank from his office as President of the Academy with a deed of August 20. It was not true, however, when Frank told his deputy Professor Emge that the reason for the dismissal was the "overcrowded and ever increasing burden" of his duties in the Generalgouvernement. On the contrary, Frank had aroused Hitler's displeasure because between 9 June and 21 July 1942 he had defended law, judicial independence, personal freedom and humanity against the police state in four speeches at the universities of Berlin, Munich and Heidelberg as well as at the Academy of Sciences in Vienna (cf. H. Weinkauff, Die deutsche Justitz und der Nationalsozialismus, 1968, p. 74, 161f.) This solo effort, which was directed primarily against Himmler and Bormann, also led to a ban on speaking and the loss of his position as Reichsrechtsführer and head of the Reichsrechtsamt, which was dissolved. This also involved a change in the office of deputy president, which had to be appointed by the president according to the statutes of 1934 and confirmed by both supervisory ministries. Frank had been represented since 1937 by Dr. Carl Emge, Professor of Philosophy of Law at the University of Berlin, after the Vice-President Privy Councillor Prof. Dr. Wilhelm Kisch, Professor of Civil Procedure and German Civil Law at the University of Munich, who had been appointed in 1933, had resigned for health reasons from his office. Emges was replaced in November 1942 by the State Secretary in the Reich Ministry of Justice, Dr. Rothenberger. Whether after Rothenberger's dismissal (January 1944) his successor, Herbert Klemm, was also appointed deputy president of the academy after Rothenberger's dismissal as state secretary cannot be determined. The second organ of the Academy, besides the President, was the Presidium. Emerging from the Führerrat of the Academy provided for in the 1933 Law, it had the task of supporting and advising the President, determining the budget and carrying out the preliminary audit of the budget account. According to the administrative regulations issued in 1937, the president, his deputy, the treasurer and the head of the scientific and legal-political work belonged to him by virtue of office. For this purpose, the President could appoint further members of the Academy to the Presidium, which should meet at least once a year. In accordance with the new administrative regulations of 10 June 1943, the Reich Ministers of Justice and Home Affairs joined as new permanent members. The Reich Minister and head of the Reich Chancellery Lammers also belonged to the Presidium. The actual work of the Academy in the fields of legal policy and legal research was directed by the Head of Scientific and Legal Policy Work, who was appointed by the President from among the members and who gave guidelines and assigned tasks to the Legal Structuring and Research Departments. This office, which was particularly important for the work of the Academy after the strong use of Frank by his tasks in the Generalgouvernement, was initially held by State Secretary Freisler, later by the Deputy President. As long as the Academy was supported entirely or to a considerable extent by the voluntary donations of its supporting members, the Treasurer was of great importance. He was responsible for all financial and property management, in particular the supervision of the budget and all contracts affecting the Academy's finances. From the beginning, the function was held by a close confidant of Frank, General Director Arendt, who kept it until its abolition in 1942. However, the treasurer had already lost influence in 1939, since the Reich made an ever larger subsidy to the academy budget and its control thus became stronger and stronger. The general questions of organization, administration, and human resources of the Academy for German Law, as well as the liaison with the Reich authorities, lay with the Director of the Academy. Dr. Karl Lasch held this post from 1933 until his appointment as governor of the Radom district in 1939, after which Dr. Gaeb took over the post as deputy director of the Diplomvolkswirt, which he held until 1945. The members of the Academy were divided into different groups according to their rights and tasks. The core consisted of 300 full members, initially appointed for four years; the number was maintained in 1943, and membership was extended to 10 years. According to Frank, the limitation to a relatively small number should emphasize the elitist character of the academy and awaken an elite consciousness among its members. In addition to legal, political and economic scientists, lawyers and senior civil servants, there were also some corporate members, including the law and political science faculties of the universities, which were represented by their deans. Extraordinary members by virtue of office were the Reich Ministers of Justice and Home Affairs. Foreigners who were interested in the Academy's work and were willing and qualified to contribute to it were accepted as corresponding members. The sponsoring members should maintain the Academy financially. These were mostly commercial enterprises, some of which were actively established and were prepared to make a contribution that varied according to their financial means for the honour of formally belonging to the Academy. The disadvantage of this financing system was that it created a financial dependence on the donations and could arouse suspicion that the donors were influencing the work of the Academy. It was eliminated by prohibiting any acceptance of donations in 1942. The work of the Academy was carried out in the Departments of Legal Design and Legal Research. All ordinary members of the Academy were organised, supervised and directed by the head of scientific and legal policy work. The Legal Department, to which all full members belonged, had to bear the main burden. In numerous (up to over 70) committees which changed over the years, often divided into main, sub and special committees as well as working groups or central committees, it discussed current questions of legal policy and participated in the legislative preparations of the ministries through proposals, statements, expert opinions and drafts. At the Academy's tenth anniversary in June 1943, Thierack was able to point to a considerable number of laws in which it had played a significant role until 1941, including the German Community Code and the 1935 Wehrgesetz (Wehrgesetz - Wehrgesetz - Wehrgesetz - Wehrgesetz - Wehrgesetz - Wehrgesetz - Wehrgesetz - Wehrgesetz - Wehrgesetz - Wehrgesetz - Wehrgesetz - Wehrgesetz - Wehrgesetz - Wehrgesetz - Wehrgesetz - Wehrgesetz - Wehrgesetz - 1935, the 1937 German Civil Service and Stock Corporation Laws, the 1938 Youth Protection and Marriage Laws, the 1939 Law on the Introduction of Compulsory Insurance, and the 1939 Law on the Introduction of Legal Structure, which dealt particularly intensively with the reform of criminal law and the creation of a new People's Code. After the beginning of the war, numerous committees were suspended and, as the war lasted longer, dissolved. Nevertheless, the work did not come to a standstill. Only the emphasis shifted to all matters related to the war, e.g. air-raid protection law and, above all, nationality and international law. The relevant committees dealt in detail with issues relating to the reorganisation of the European continent, but also with maritime and land warfare and relations with the USA. At Frank's request, the Academy also took a stand on questions of German politics in the East and a reorganisation of the Generalgouvernement; it issued a secret report in January 1940: "Rechtsgestaltung deutscher Polenpolitik nach volkspolitischen Gesichtspunkten" (BA, R 61/243, Document 661-PS of the Nuremberg Trial against the Chief War Criminals). In 1942 the Academy still had 76 committees with eleven subcommittees. After all committees that had dealt with peace issues had been gradually suspended or completed their work, by the end of 1943 only committees with directly war-related tasks remained, including the committees on social security and international law. The committees involved in the drafting of the planned National Code also suspended their work, with the exception of the main committee, which only continued the necessary work. The scientific work was carried out within the Academy of German Law by the Department of Legal Research. Only scientists have been appointed to this department. Her task was to research the history, methodology and knowledge of the law and later also of the economy; she met in working groups, which were grouped into classes. First there were three classes, of which class I dealt with the study of the history and basic questions of law, class II with the study of the law of "people and empire" and class III with the study of the "people's federal" legal life. Each class was headed by a class leader. The management was carried out by a class secretary. The offices were initially filled as follows: Class I: Chairman: Prof. Dr. Heymann, Secretary: Prof. Dr. Felgentraeger Class II: Chairman: Prof. Dr. von Freytag-Loringhoven, Secretary: Prof. Dr. Weber Class III: Chairman: Prof. Dr. Weber Dr. Hedemann, Secretary: Prof. Dr. Lange After the war began, there were only class secretaries left, namely for Class I Prof. Dr. Heymann, for Class II Prof. Dr. Gleispach, for Class III Prof. Dr. Hueck. The Department for Legal Research published the series of publications, the working reports and the yearbook of the Academy for German Law and from 1941 also "Das deutsche Rechtsschrifttum". She was also in charge of the quarterly "Deutsche Rechtswissenschaft" and the collection of non-German penal codes. Within the framework of the department there was a committee for the examination of the law study regulations, which in 1939 presented its results to the Reich Ministry for Science, Education and People's Education. In 1940 a fourth class came into being with increasing importance of economic questions, which was responsible for the research of the "national economy" and which was to make the results of economic science accessible to the authorities and offices for the execution of practical tasks. In August 1944, on the instructions of the President, the work of the remaining committees and working groups was discontinued "for the further duration of the war" as well as the promotion of the individual members of special research commissions (letter from Thierack to Lammers of 12 August 1944, BA, R 43 II/1510a). The Academy maintained close contact with foreign countries through its corresponding members. Visits by foreign scientists, students, but also politicians were frequent. In addition, the German sections of various foreign institutions were affiliated to it. On the other hand, efforts were made to expand the Academy's sphere of influence by establishing new companies or maintaining close contact with existing companies in Germany. For the work abroad, there was a separate department in the administration of the Academy, which looked after the associations; as far as purely German organisations were concerned, the support was provided by the specialist departments of the Legal Structuring Department. In the period of its existence the following associations were affiliated to the Academy of German Law: 1. German Section of the International Institute of Administrative Sciences 2. German National Group of the International Law Association 3. German Association for the Protection of Intellectual Property and Copyright 4. International Association for Financial and Tax Law 5. German Society for Financial and Tax Law 6. German Society for Prisoners (affiliated since 1935) 7. Society for Legal and Political Sciences in Vienna 8th Society for German Criminal Law 9th Working Groups: a) for the German-Bulgarian legal relations b) for the German-Italian legal relations c) for the German-Polish legal relations (until 1939) d) for the German-Hungarian legal relations Library and Publications The establishment of a reference library for academics working in the Academy began early on. It was Frank's aim to develop this library into a central collection point for all important legal literature and related areas. The basis was the purchase of the library of the legal historian Prof. Karl von Amira, who died in 1930; later the library of the Munich jurist Prof. Konrad Beyerle was also acquired. Further accesses from various sources, mostly through taxes from authorities (e.g. the library of the former R e i c h s k o l o n i a l a m t , the duplicate holdings of the R e i c h s c h s a r k a m e in Potsdam as well as duplicates of foreign law collections and periodicals from the R e i c h s t a g s a l bibliothek) brought the holdings to around 60,000 publications by 1937. Although the library was primarily intended to serve the Academy, it was basically open to any qualified interested party. An "archive" was attached to the library, which, on Frank's instructions, created 1. a "card index of Jewish legal authors", which "eradicated Jewish literature from the library or from the library". The aim was to remove the works of Jewish authors from all public libraries or libraries serving study purposes and to transfer them to their own departments "which were to indicate the activities of the Jews and the Jewish people"; 2. to edit a card index of general legal writers by author and by work. In addition, a collection of portraits of lawyers, a collection of press clippings on the topics "Law in the Press" and "Academy in the Press" as well as a collection of journal articles from the entire body of jurisprudential literature were in the works. The first library director, Utschlag, also designed a large exhibition on legal history and law in general, which the Academy organized in conjunction with the Faculty of Law of the University of Munich on the occasion of the 1936 Annual Conference in Munich under the title "Das Recht" (The Law). The journal of the Akademie für Deutsches Recht, founded in 1934, provided information on the ongoing work of the Academy and on current legal issues. It was initially supervised by the Academy's own office for writing and finally transferred to the C-H. Becksche Verlagsbuchhandlung in 1937, where it was published until 1944. In addition to detailed reports on the representative events of the Academy (often also as special supplements or commemorative editions), it produced essays, news on organisational changes and the activities of the Academy's working committees, as well as book reviews. In addition, the journal published court decisions of a fundamental nature from 1935 onwards. The decisions were forwarded to the Academy by the courts via the Reich Ministry of Justice. The President acted as editor, the main editor was initially Director Dr. Lasch, then Kammergerichtsrat Dr. Lauterbacher. From 1 January 1939, Deutsche Rechtswissenschaft was published quarterly as the second journal. With the consent of the Reich Minister for Science, Education and Popular Learning, it was transferred from the previous editor Prof. Dr. Karl August Eckhardt to the Department of Legal Research. They brought treatises, contributions and book reviews. The Academy also published the Zeitschrift für Wehrrecht and was involved in the publication of the Zeitschrift der Vereinigung für gewerblichen Rechtsschutz, the Zeitschrift für vergleichende Rechtswissenschaft, the Blätter für Gefängniskunde and the Gerichtssaal. The yearbook of the Academy for German Law should give an overview of the work within one year. It was also published by the President and in its first editions offered a good overview of the most important events in the Academy and its committee work, while later larger treatises on individual issues predominated. In the first years, detailed information on the committee's activities could be obtained from the work reports, which were produced in small print runs using the transfer printing process and were intended only for the confidential information of party offices and authorities and were not to be circulated further. In addition, there was another - public - series of working reports of the Academy for German Law, in which the chairmen published the results of their committees. For more extensive scholarly work that had emerged from the Academy, the series was to serve the Akademie für Deutsches Recht, of which about 80 volumes were published; it was divided into individual groups according to subject areas. Finally, the Academy continued the collection of non-German penal codes organized by the editor of the Zeitschrift für die gesamte Strafrechtswissenschaft and published individual writings on special occasions, e.g. on the occasion of the opening of the House of German Law. Financing and assets In his memoirs of 1946, Frank emphasized the financing of the Academy for German Law, which was independent of the "Reich, State, and Party," with which he had hoped to preserve the actual non-partisanship of his institute. In fact, in the first years of its existence, the Academy was almost entirely maintained by donations from third parties, the supporting members, which included both private individuals and business enterprises. The Reichsjustizministerium had also made its approval of the transfer to the Reich dependent on the academy having to carry itself. In the accounting year 1935/36, donations reached the record level of over 1 million RM, and in 1936, 70 donors raised just over 500,000 RM. This was sufficient to cover the expenses, especially since the Reich Ministry for Science, Education and Popular Education had made available a one-time sum of 250,000 RM for the promotion of scientific work. On the other hand, already in 1937, despite a donation volume of almost 700,000 RM by 94 donors, there was a shortfall which had to be covered by donations for the accounting year 1938. In March 1938, General Director Arendts, the Treasurer of the Academy, declared in a meeting with the responsible adviser of the Reich Ministry of Finance, in which also Director Lasch took part, "that the Academy would strive for its entire budget of about 750 - 800,000 RM to be gradually fully supported by contributions from the Reich over the course of about three years," and justified this with the "aim of developing it into a legislative institution of the Reich. In its audit report for the years 1936-1937 of 24 March 1939, the Court of Audit of the German Reich also took the view that a continuation of the previous method of financing was not compatible with the reputation of the Reich; it was the duty of the Reich to "place the financing of the tasks on a sound basis" (BA, R 2/24103). This became indispensable after the Reich Minister of the Interior, in agreement with the deputy Führer, finally rejected a collection permit for the Academy in July 1939 on the basis of the Collection Act of 5 November 1934. This also meant that advertising had to be discontinued for which the company had used its own advertising specialist. In the accounting year 1939/40, the donations fell to 290,000 RM, and for the first time a subsidy from the Reich of about 480,000 RM was granted towards the running costs, so that these were now predominantly borne by the Reich. Although in 1940/41 the income from donations increased again somewhat, the donations already received for 1942 were transferred to the Dankspendenstiftung des Deutschen Volkes on Thierack's instructions. The Academy for German Law was now financed entirely from the Reich's budget. The Akademie für Deutsches Recht used considerable financial resources to provide representative accommodation. On 6 June 1935, the Lachmann-Mosse trust administration acquired the house and property at Leipziger Platz 15 from a foreclosure sale for the Berlin office at a price of RM 1.25 million. Of the purchase amount, one million RM was raised by eight mortgages of a group of insurance institutions, for which the Reich took over the interest and redemption service at the expense of the budget of the Reich Ministry of Justice; this was the reason for the amendment of the statutes that, in the event of the dissolution of the Academy, its assets would fall to the Reich. The annual contribution to be paid by the Reich was 50,000 RM for a period of 25 years. The remaining purchase price of 250,000 RM was to be paid interest-free in five annual instalments of 50,000 RM, which were to be raised from donations. Much more elaborate was the construction of a "House of German Law" at the Academy's headquarters in Munich. The first plans from January to June 1936 provided for three components, for which over 5.3 million RM were estimated. In the course of the negotiations, the mammoth project shrank to two construction phases. On October 24, 1936, on the occasion of the second annual conference of the Academy, Reichsminister Rust laid the foundation stone for Building I, front building and reading hall. The costs were to amount to RM 2,2 million, raised by a loan from the Reich Insurance Institution for Employees, the interest and repayment service of which was taken over by the Reich. Already on 31 October 1937 the academy could celebrate the topping-out ceremony, on 13 May 1939 the opening of the building unit I. The former Max-Joseph-Stift, which was to be renovated and extended by a festival hall, was acquired as Building II for a price of more than RM 1.3 million; in June 1938, the Reichsversicherungsanstalt took out a further loan of RM 2.2 million, the remainder of which was frozen at RM 900,000, however, when construction work was stopped after the outbreak of the war. Administration and registry The administrative apparatus of the Academy gradually developed from July 1934. Initially, most of the service operations were carried out in the Berlin office building; in addition, there was a small office mainly for the construction of the planned extensive library at the headquarters in Munich. It was only after the completion of Building I of the House of German Law in 1939 that the construction of a larger, structured office began, the management of which was placed in the hands of a speaker of its own. According to the rules of procedure, which the Academy submitted to the Reich Ministry of Justice in September 1935 (BA, R 22/198), the administration was divided into departments, headed by a speaker, assisted by an assistant. The speakers were assessors or younger officials on leave in the starting positions of their careers, provided they had knowledge of economics. The president used a presidential chancellery as his personal office. The management of the entire service operation was the responsibility of the Director of the Academy, who had a personal consultant at his disposal. The Director was also in charge of the Organisation Division, which was responsible for the preparation and implementation of the events. The office service was headed by a personnel officer who, in addition to personnel processing, was also in charge of registry and law offices, house and property administration as well as budget monitoring tasks. Other speakers assisted the committee chairmen of the Legal Department, generally one for four committees. In contrast, only assistants were assigned to the secretaries of the three research classes. For the entire financial and asset management, the preparation of the budget, the cash and bookkeeping, accounting, for the conclusion of contracts and the remaining budget management, the treasurer provided the necessary forces free of charge with the exception of an advertising expert and an assistant. The foreign department, which in addition to maintaining foreign contacts also supervised foreign publications, the exchange of journals and literature and the management of the affiliated international societies and associations, was relatively well staffed with a speaker and his deputy, a scientific assistant, an interpreter and a (part-time) unskilled worker for Slavic languages. The administrative regulations of the Academy of 1937 combined the previous organizational forms into nine administrative offices, which in January 1938 comprised one to seven departments, depending on the area of responsibility. These units corresponded to the previous departments. The most extensive was the Administrative Office for Legal Structuring with seven units (I - VII). The administrative office for magazines and press had two (X, XI), the others (legal research, libraries and international transport) had only one each (VIII, IX, XII), as did the administrative offices for cash and accounting (XIV), organisation (XV) and human resources and law firms (XIII), which, however, were also grouped under a central unit. In addition, there was a unit XVI (Legal Office) as the "Legal Office of the ADR". This organization continued to exist in principle even during the war, but with the resulting drastic personnel restrictions, which in the beginning practically paralyzed the entire academy apparatus, but later allowed it to remain in operation. After the closure of the Academy's work, whose offices were moved to the Reich Ministry of Justice building at Wilhelmstraße 65 on 10 January 1944, most of the staff was released at the end of 1944, but parts (finance) continued to work until March 1945. The files produced during the Academy's activities were initially kept in so-called departmental registries, i.e. the written records of the individual speakers. It was not until 1938 that the at least partial compilation of the written material produced so far began in a central registry. The consultant responsible for the law firm was in charge of the execution. At first, the registry business of the Legal Department was taken over, later that of the main administrative office (without the personnel files). The Department of Legal Research initially refrained from handing over its records to the Central Registry. The registry of the foreign department remained independent. Nothing significant could be ascertained about later changes in the registry system. During the establishment of the House of German Law in Munich, a registry was also set up there. It is certain that since the merger of the registries in 1938 the corresponding files have been filed according to a uniform and systematically structured file plan. As of 1940, this plan (BA, R 61/34) comprised seven main areas divided into three groups and sub-groups. The file plan was structured according to the decimal system with four-digit digits, to which an additional digit and a year could be added by slash if necessary. In addition to the documents produced in the course of administrative activities, an extensive complex of documents, characteristic of the Academy and its work, has emerged in the form of minutes of meetings of the committees and other specialist bodies, some of which are based on extensive stenographic notes. Copies were kept in the registry and in the "archive" of the magazines and press department. They form the most important part of the stock. Timetable on the history of the Academy 1933 June 26 Constitution in the Bavarian Ministry of Justice September 22 Granting of the rights of a public corporation in Bavaria by Bavarian law October 2 Ceremonial proclamation of the Academy for German Law at the German Lawyers' Day in Leipzig November 5 1st 1st plenary session in Berlin 1934 January 1st opening of the Berlin offices January 29th 2nd plenary session March 17th 3rd plenary session May 26th founding of the journal of the Academy for German Law 26th founding of the journal of the Academy for German Law in Berlin June 1st Annual Meeting in Munich, at the same time 4th plenary session July 11 elevation to public corporation of the Reich by Reich Law August 9 appointment of Dr. Hans Frank, former leader of the Academy, as President November 13 5th plenary session in Berlin November 18-22 trip to Bulgaria Frank December 19 appointment of Frank as Reich Minister without portfolio 1935 February 27 6th plenary session June 26-28 2nd Annual Meeting with ceremony in the presence of Hitler, at the same time session 21 August Celebratory session on the occasion of the XI International Congress on Criminal Law and Prison Law, also 8th plenary session 15 October Inauguration of the building in Berlin, Leipziger Platz 15 16 October Amendment to the Statutes 30 November 9 plenary session 1936 28 February 10 plenary session 12-17 March Poland trip Frank at the invitation of the University of Warsaw 2-8 April Visit Frank to Rome 2 June Celebratory session on the occasion of the International Congress on Industrial Property 21-24 October 3rd Annual Meeting, also 11th plenary session May 17 Opening of the Chair of German Law at the University of Sofia by Director Lasch June 19 Constituting the Department of Legal Research of the Academy of German Law (with 1st class session) October 28-31 4th 4th Annual Meeting in Munich, also 13th plenary session and event of the Association of Foreign Friends of the Academy of German Law 2nd Annual Meeting in Munich, at the same time 13th plenary session and event of the Association of Foreign Friends of the Academy of German Law at the University of Sofia. November Foundation of the Association for German-Italian Legal Relations December Competition: "State and Party in Italy" 1938 1 June Opening of a series of guest lectures at the University of Vienna 16-18 June 5th Annual Conference in Munich, at the same time 14th Plenary Session 1939 13 May Inauguration of the House of German Law July Prohibition on further donations 12 October Appointment of Frank as Governor General for the Occupied Polish Territories 13 October Appointment of Director Dr. Dr. Dr. Dr. Dr. Lasch becomes district governor in Radom and is represented by Dr. Gaeb 1940 10 January Establishment of the IV class (research of the national economy) in the Department of Legal Research 22-24 November 7th Annual Conference in Munich with plenary session 1942 9. June to July 21 Speeches by Frank in Berlin, Vienna, Munich and Heidelberg against the police state August 20 Dismissal of Frank as President and Appointment of the Reich Minister of Justice Dr. Thierack October Resignation of the Deputy President Prof. Dr. Emge 3. November State Secretary Dr. Rothenberger appointed Deputy President 1943 9 June Announcement of a new constitution of the Academy for German Law 1944 10-12 January Transfer of the Berlin office to the Reich Ministry of Justice 12 August Closure of all legal-political and scholarly work Inventory description: Inventory history Like many of the holdings of the Federal Archives, the documents of the Academy for German Law are only incompletely handed down and divided as a result of war losses. The division began as early as 1943, when the two offices moved files, books and inventory to smaller towns in the area to protect them from air raids, the Munich office to Altötting, Griesbach and Wegscheid (district court), the Berlin offices primarily to the Feldberg (Mecklenburg), Havelberg, Prenzlau, Zehdenick and probably also Templin storage sites also used by the Reich Ministry of Justice, and the Cochem Castle. Some of the files removed from Berlin were confiscated by Russian troops. Since 1957 they have been in the Central State Archives in Potsdam, where they formed the holdings 30.13 (Overview of the holdings of the German Central Archives 1957, p. 86). This had a volume of 155 volumes from the period 1933-1942, 33 of which refer to the activities of the committees and 31 of which apparently originate from the foreign department of the Academy; the holdings include files of the Association for the Improvement of Prisoners (25 volumes) and the German Society for Prison Science. In the hands of American troops fell, in addition to Munich files, the documents still available in the Berlin office at the end of the war, as well as files that had apparently still been brought from Zehdenick to Thuringia in 1945. Most of this stock was transferred via the Ministerial Collecting Center near Kassel to the World War II Records Division of the American National Archives in Alexandria, Va., where it formed the Record Group 1036 with other German documents. A smaller part was handed over to the Federal Ministry of Justice at the beginning of the 1950s, and the file of lawyers and economists remained with a branch of the US Army in Germany. In Alexandria the files were filmed in 1958 by the American Historical Association and described in 1959 in volume 6 of the Guides to German Records Microfilmed at Alexandria, Va., pp. 14-27. In 1960 this part of the collection was transferred to the Federal Archives, which in 1962 was also able to take over the remaining files from the Federal Ministry of Justice and the aforementioned index. In a final return, the Federal Archives received documents from the Academy in 1973 from the Library of Congress, Washington D.C. Some files of the Committee for German-Italian Legal Relations had been transferred to the Institut voor Oorlogsdocumentatie in Amsterdam after the end of the war; they were also made available to the Federal Archives by the latter in 1974 for further completion of the R 61 collection, which had meanwhile been formed from the existing files. Finally, the Institute for Contemporary History, Munich, which had been able to acquire some of the copies of the minutes of the committee meetings collected in Munich and the reference files of the ordinary professor Dr. jur. Hermann Krause (1939-1944 member of the main committee of the academy), also left its documents to the Federal Archives; and in March 1976, it was able to acquire the reference files of Reg. Dir. a.D. and then member of the board of Deutsche Centralbodenkredit AG, Oesterlink, member of the Mortgage Legal Committee of the Academy, will close a lore gap in this area. Thus all surviving traditions of the Academy for German Law outside the GDR were probably brought together in inventory R 61. In 1990, the part of the archive that had been preserved in the Central State Archives of the GDR was merged with R 61. Archivische Bewertung und Bearbeitung (only old stock R 61, without ZStA 30.13) The written material of the Akademie für Deutsches Recht consists essentially of two parts which are already clearly separated from each other. In addition to an extensive collection of factual and correspondence files, the "Archive" of the Press and Periodicals Office contains a considerable part of the collection of minutes and minutes of meetings, some of which can also be found in the files of the Legal Department. From 1938, with a few exceptions, the Academy's documents were filed in a central registry according to a systematic file plan. The filing was done chronologically from bottom to top, but was often disturbed afterwards. In order to eliminate the - often severe - irregularities and to improve the usability of the holdings, all subject units and individual processes were placed in an official filing system (from top to bottom) when the holdings in the Federal Archives were organized and listed in 1967, and torn file units were reunited in the process. Loose written material was reformed after factual matters. The files are therefore no longer in the same condition as they were when they were filmed in the USA, so that an identity between the volumes with the American signatures ADR 1 to ADR 238, some of which also referred to documents of other provenances, and the volumes signed in the Federal Archives exists only rarely; as far as possible, however, the corresponding American signatures were noted, and in addition the concordance between the signatures of the Federal Archives and the role designations of the microfilm T-82 (below pp. 87-90) makes a comparison possible. Cassations were primarily carried out in subject groups, most of which have been preserved in their entirety in the Federal Archives. In addition to the removal of numerous duplicates, administrative documents in particular were freed from all insignificant correspondence. Most of the submissions to committees on private legal matters of no general importance were also largely destroyed. Since the records and minutes were originally also available in the registry of the Academy, the reorganization of the status quo, which is not, moreover, based on the old file plan scheme, attempted to restore the old unit of records and minutes of the individual committees and other working bodies of the Academy of German Law as far as possible, whereby the internal "provenance" (registry or "archive") in the file directory is expressed only by the old signature. The records filed in the registry shall bear the letter "P" in front of the file number, unless they are in correspondence, and the "archive" copies shall not bear a signature. In order to indicate the separation of the holdings into the partial provenances of Berlin and Munich, the place of origin has also been entered in the Remarks column, as far as determined. In addition, the structure of the holdings in simplified form is based on the structure of the Academy. Content characterisation: Part 1 (formerly: ZStA, 30.13): Legal bases, organisation, service administration, librarianship and Veröffentli‧chungen 1933-1945 (68), Jurisprudence - Department of Legal Research 1936-1945 (47), Legal Policy - Department of Legal Structuring General committee files 1935-1943 (6), individual committees 1933-1944 (365) Part 2 (formerly: BArch, R 61): Committees 1933-1940 (36), foreign countries 1934-1942 (34), international congresses, conferences 1935-1941 (16), journal of the Academy for German Law 1935-1939 (10), Sitzungsan‧gelegenheiten, invitations, minutes 1935-1939 (7), reference files, internals, individual items 1934-1944 (26), association for the improvement of prisoners 1934-1942 (26), German Ge‧sellschaft for prison science 1927-1939 (7) state of development: Publication Findbuch: Werhan, Walter; Fensch, Elsa: Akademie für Deutsches Recht (fonds R 61) (Findbücher zu Bestände des Bundesarchivs, Bd. 9), 2nd up, Koblenz 1976; find card index citation method: BArch, R 61/...
History of the Inventory Designer: The Bank der Deutschen Arbeit was founded in 1933 in Berlin as a private specialist bank by the smashing of the banks for workers, employees, and civil servants, controlled by the German Labor Front (DAF). It took over the assets of the free and Christian trade unions. At first, its main function was to provide credit for job creation and settlement purposes, later the bank developed into a general credit bank with a large number of branches in the German Reich and the occupied territories. Content characterization: In addition to a few Generalia 1925-1950, there are primarily individual case files for individual companies A-Z. State of development: Find index (1974) Citation method: BArch, R 8120/...
History of the Inventory Former: The Bank der Deutschen Luftfahrt, also known as the Aero- or Luftfahrtbank, was formed by the transformation of Luftfahrtkontor GmbH into a public limited company with shareholder resolution of 6 July 1940, the object of which, according to the articles of association of that date, was "the execution of banking transactions of all kinds and of related transactions serving directly or indirectly aviation purposes, as well as the administration and supervision of aviation companies and the execution of all such transactions, including in a fiduciary capacity" [1]. Luftfahrtkontor GmbH had been founded in 1933/34 in the context of the takeover of the Junkers group by the Reich Aviation Ministry (RLM) and in 1938 was responsible for the administration of 1. the Reich-owned facilities leased to companies in the aviation industry, 2. the Reich's holdings in companies in the aviation industry and 3. the investment loans [2]. In the course of the so-called "capital cut" to reform corporate financing, the investment loans granted until then were converted into state aid for special depreciation and firms were encouraged to use more of their own funds and borrowed capital to finance investments. To this end, both the RLM and the Reich Ministry of Finance (RFM) considered it sensible to set up their own commercial bank for aviation, whose loans were intended to stimulate the involvement of other banks and other donors and to which all Reich shareholdings in the aviation industry and aviation were to be transferred. On 9 June 1939 Luftfahrtkontor GmbH received its banking licence from the Reich Commissioner for Banking and quickly acquired the character of a "universal bank for German aviation" [3] after the start of the war. In addition to the conventional investment loans, the Luftfahrtbank increasingly granted the aerospace armaments companies - similar to the Deutsche Industriebank for the suppliers of the army and navy - the credit assistance provided by the Reich Economic Ministry (RWM) for the mobilization of arms production (in short: "mobkredite") with Reich guarantees from autumn 1939 onwards. This resulted in a substantial increase in the Bank's lending volume, which, together with the significant increase in managed participations and deposits from aviation companies, as well as increased activity on the stock exchange and the money market, led to the Bank being renamed "Bank der Deutschen Luftfahrt" and converted into a stock corporation (AG). This was in response to the wish of the General Airworthiness Officer Ernst Udet that "the company's status as a bank should be expressed in the company name" [4]. Like its predecessor Luftfahrtkontor, the Bank der Deutschen Luftfahrt initially resided in Berlin-Schöneberg, Am Park 12. In the night from March 1 to March 2, 1943, Ge‧bäude burned out completely after an Allied air raid, whereupon the bank had to move its Geschäfts‧räume to the center of Berlin (Werderstr. 7). As a result of the fire, loss of files also seems to have been the cause of complaint [5]. Dissatisfied with the accommodation that was not considered to be standes‧gemäß, the bank pushed in the spring of 1944 the efforts that had previously been made by the Jewish company Panofski
History of the Inventor: The State Tax Offices were established in 1919 as the central authorities of the three-tier Reich Finance Administration, and from Apr. 1937 they were known as the Chief Finance President. Their jurisdiction was usually territorially limited. Only the LFA/OFP Berlin was assigned various responsibilities after 1933 which were to be exercised for the entire territory of the Reich, including the administration of enemy property in Germany and German property abroad (processed in a special branch office for enemy property in 1942). Inventory description: Inventory history The files of the branch office for hostile assets of the OFP Berlin-Brandenburg were continued by the Oberfinanzdirektion Berlin after 1945. When it resumed its activities in May 1945, the branch office had taken over hundreds of thousands of registration forms and the extensive file that had been moved to the vaults of the Deutsche Reichsbank during the last years of the war. At the end of 1962, the files and card indexes were transferred to the Dornburg Archive Depot of the GDR's State Archive Administration and were virtually unusable there. When the archive depot was closed in 1992, the documents were transferred to the Federal Archives. Due to the fact that the large mass of single case files usable by the existing alphabetical index was opposed by a comparatively small stock of unlisted Generalia, two partial stocks R 2107 (single case files) and R 2107 I (Generalia) were formed. The Generalia were evaluated and recorded between 1997 and 2002. In the course of the evaluation, approximately 2.0 linear metres of files from the Amt für Preise at the Stadtbezirksverwaltung Berlin-Prenzlauer Berg as well as from the Zentralfinanzamt Groß-Berlin and the Magistrat von Berlin were separated out and handed over to the Landesarchiv Berlin, while numerous official documents were removed and handed over to the Bundesarchiv library. Numerous duplicates, form collections and routine documents were collected. Content characterization: Tradition: Regulation of the operation of the Oberfinanzdirektion in general and the branch office 1934-1945, treatment of property in general 1938-1944, treatment of hostile property in Germany and in the countries and territories occupied by Germany 1940-1943, treatment of German property abroad (according to spheres of influence and countries A-Z) 1940-1944, treatment of Jewish property 1941-1944 (91) as well as property of individual persons and companies 1929-1945, prisen affairs in France 1940-1944, damage regulation 1935-1953. State of development: Onlinefindbuch (2002) Citation method: BArch, R 2107-I/...
History of the Inventory Designer: Foundation of the Berliner Handelsgesellschaft (BHG) in 1856 as the first pure securities bank in Prussia. It had belonged to the leading group of major Berlin banks since 1880. In the period that followed until 1933, the bank was strongly influenced by Carl Fürstenberg as managing director. The foundations of BHG were the international bond business, railway financing and banking business with industry. BHG had a special position in the German banking industry because it had neither branches nor depositary banks and was an issuing bank which conducted the 'regular' banking business only to the extent necessary to enable its customers (industrialists, group owners, provincial bankers and only a few private individuals) to obtain continuous credit. After 1945 the head office was moved to Frankfurt am Main. In 1970 the bank merged with Frankfurter Bank to form Berliner Handels- und Frankfurter Bank (BHF-Bank). Characterisation of the contents: The secretarial files consist of the company correspondence with domestic and foreign clients arranged by years, including documents of the banking business 1895-1945. The main part of the holdings is the files of the BHG archives. Collection of annual reports, statutes, balance sheets, etc. News about domestic and foreign companies 1890-1945. State of development: Findbuch Sekretariatsakten (1961), Findkartei Archiv (1960) Citation method: BArch, R 8127/...
The holdings 60 (Municipal Administration/Mairie of the City of Mainz, 1798-1814) have a complicated and eventful history of order and description. In the following, an attempt will be made to list the individual stages of this inventory in chronological order. Order of the registry in the French period (1798-1814) The archives 60/113 provide information about the administration of records of the Mainz city administration 1798-1814. The first part is a list of all files and official books created or kept since the establishment of the municipal administration, which was compiled on the 25th Prairial VIII. It also contains the civil status registers, which will not be taken into account in the following, as they are listed and described in section 50. The second part was built successively in the following years until 1814. In each year a file list of the yearly created and closed files was made. The division into two is undoubtedly a consequence of the Napoleonic administrative reform of 1800 (transition from municipal administration to Mairie). Year after year, the secretariat and the offices of the municipal administration/Mairie created a file volume on certain subjects, so that a kind of subject series register was created. At the end of the year the volumes were handed over to the "Archives" (= registry). Therefore, when the list was drawn up, only the current files of Year VIII were located in the individual offices. In addition to files, a large number of official registers were kept. They played a far greater role in the French administration than in the German administration, since they served on the one hand as the administration's most important auxiliary and finding aids, but on the other hand also reproduced contents, so that the actual subject files, in which the incoming and (initially also) outgoing letters were stored, probably only rarely had to be accessed. All incoming and outgoing letters have been registered in the official records referred to here. Among them the general register "Régistre Général" is to be mentioned first as letter (entrance) diary. A number was assigned to each incoming letter in the Secretariat. The number was noted on the received letter with the addition "R.G.". In addition, a brief summary, the sender, the date of the letter and the office to which it was assigned were recorded in the General Register. Where a reply to a letter received has been drawn up or a decision taken, its number has also been recorded in the General Register. The numbers of the "normal" letters ("lettres") were replaced by "corr." (=correspondance), those of the resolutions ("arrêtés") are marked "arr. The concepts of "lettres" and "arrêtés" are attached to the respective subject file volumes only until Vendémiaire VII/September 1798 (applies to Lettres) or until the end of Year VII beginning of Year VIII/October 1799 (applies to Arrêtés). In addition, they were recorded in fair copy in two other series of official registers also kept by the Secretariat, the Correspondence and Advisory Register. On this basis, the numbering of "lettres" and "arrêtés" already mentioned was also carried out. The letter received to which an outgoing letter referred can be seen on the one hand in the Registre Général and on the other hand in the letter received itself, on which, in addition to the 'R.G.' number, the 'Arr.-' number also appears. or "Corr." No. was noted. The Mairie continued to keep the General Register and the "répertoire", a kind of subject register, but decided not to keep the resolution and correspondence registers. This made the concepts of "lettres" and "arrêtés" the only evidence of the letters and regulations issued. In order to keep track of them, their drafts could no longer be filed in the subject file volumes together with the letters received in response to which they were initiated, but had to be organised separately. The concepts of the outgoing letters were thus numbered consecutively from September 1798 and October 1799 (see above) and formed two series in which the drafts of the "lettres" and "arrêtés" were filed chronologically and (mostly) summarised monthly. If one follows 60/113, a further change occurred with the establishment of the Mairie: The secretariat/police office and Bien Public office files are kept by the secretariat, while the financial office still seems to have its own registry. The files created and kept at the secretariat are usually stored in beige paper sheets - often printed forms that have been turned over. Until the year XI, the respective subject series file was held together with a glued-on paper strip, which was provided with the file title. They've been numbered since year X. There are about 60 subjects for the secretariat, whereby the number fluctuates, since new subjects were added from case to case or older subjects were omitted, thus there were series splits or series associations, over which 60/113 offers a good overview. The subject files of a year were most likely bundled and stored in these bundles (inscription: year) in the old registry/archive. Probably for this reason, part of the "French Archive" was only grouped together in file aprons before the new indexing. The Commissioner of the Executive Board of the Municipal Administration apparently also had his own registry. Subject files were also created for him. The files shall be numbered after the title of each file, preceded by the abbreviation "No." . Their duration often exceeds one year, often covers years VI to VIII and thus the entire term of office of the Commissioner. Also on the documents of these files one finds numbers of a general register, so that it can be assumed that the commissioner of the executive directorate had its own general register and thus its own document administration (a kind of own secretariat). The holdings also include files from the provenance of the Administrative Commission of the School Fund, which were left in the holdings because of their proximity to the city administration. In the case of these files, there was no longer a recognizable order of files or registries. The files of the negotiations of the municipal council are wrapped in blue cardboard and were apparently kept separately from the other files of the administration. Some files of the collection, especially those concerning accounting, are wrapped in light blue cardboard and have German lettering. Also the formulation of the titles of the acts indicates that they were written in Hessian time (after 1815). There is much to suggest that these were files that were needed by the city administration during the Hessian period. This, of course, required a review of the French files. At the beginning of the 20th century (around 1920?), the librarian Heinrich Heidenheimer presumably attempted to dissolve the old subject files, which had been laid out on a year-by-year basis, and to merge them according to new subject matters. From the documents which were not (or could not be?) assigned to a "large" subject, he tried to create individual files. Not affected by this reorganization were the official books, the Arrêtés and Lettres series, and (probably) 23 bundles, which only remained ordered by year. The result of this attempt at classification is documented in the old register "Französisches Archiv - Bestand 60". The bundles in which the new subjects were grouped were numbered from 1-148 (one number per subject, so several bundles could have the same number if the subject was supposed to be the same). In part, however, a number did not conceal a reference file, but rather a very thin - already mentioned - single case file containing only a few sheets or even only one printed matter. The number of this file was mostly completed with a Roman "II". At the time of the redrawing, the individual case files were often located within the beige file apron in orange, strongly acidic folders (60s?) with filler lettering. Inside the other file aprons, envelopes made of crumbled packing paper with a high acid content, which could date from around 1920, were used to structure the documents. These envelopes were often labelled with only one year and were irrelevant for the context of the file. Only summarily (without signature or numbering) are listed in the directory - as mentioned - Lettres and Arrêtés, official books, military matters, matters concerning the inhabitants, accounting (also printed matter), taxes (also printed matter), the port and schools/lessons. Eight bundles were only labeled with letters and sorted alphabetically. According to the register, these were "requests to the administration, sorted by personal names (e.g. passports)". This series, too, was first created at the beginning of the 20th century by the order works. An example of how it was done: In a bundle with the old signature 138 (138-subjects: medical police/138,1; midwives/138,2; vaccination/138,3; medicine/138,4 and 138,5) there were ONLY old file covers with the following titles and registry signatures: IX/...X/14, XI/14 : Police medicinale XI/12: Police medicinale, vaccine, Maison d'accouchement, pharmacie XII/14: Police médicinale, vaccine, accouchement XIII/14, XIV/15: Police médicinale, pharmacie, vaccine, accouchement, épidémie, épizootie, glacière 1807-1812/13, 1814/13: Police médicinale, pharmacie, vaccine, accouchement, épidémie, épizootie, enfants trouvés, glacière, quinquina The original subject files were thus dissolved according to the new subjects 138,1-138,5, the original file covers were separated. (In other cases, the file covers also remained in part of the closed file.) Where the documents on livestock epidemics, foundlings and glaciers remained is not apparent at first. Unfortunately, it must be noted that the content of the parts of the file which were among the various subjects did not always correspond to those subjects! It is probable that the "annual bundles" still found at the time of the new listing should also be dissolved. The order within these bundles was chaotic. This disorder has either already existed in the French old registry (the disordered documents would then never have been assigned to a subject file...) or has arisen from the attempts of archivists to organize them. Or both "procedures" come together. The main subjects in the unresolved annual bundles were: "Police civile en générale", "Affaires mixtes", "Certificat, renseignements sur des individus, "Pièces à communiquer", "Publication ...". These are therefore precisely those subjects which can hardly be assigned to other "large" subjects and which were probably not of great importance for the administration at the time either, so that no great attention and working time will have been devoted to the sorting of these documents. It is likely that archivists wanted to use these documents to create the alphabetical series "Requests to the administration, sorted by personal names (e.g. passports)". Ordnungs- und Verzeichnungsarbeiten Heiner Stauder (1991-1995) Heiner Stauder began in 1991 with the order and indexing of the official book series. After the completion of this work, the drawing of the militaria was started. Various attempts at order and sorting (registration of all numbers of the Registre Général; dissolution of the Lettres and Arrêtés series and assignment to the corresponding letters received; dissolution of individual subject series, including "service militaire", "police militaire", "affaires militaires"; formation of individual case files for submission) proved to be impracticable. The listing of the "Militaria" was interrupted in order to prefer the listing to the "Medicinalia" due to user requests. The following signatures were assigned: 001-136: Amtsbücher 150-186: Militaria 201-215: Bürgerannahmen (They were arranged alphabetically by Mr. Tautorat around 1991/92 and then entered in a card index of names, which is located in the finding aid cabinet of the user room). 300-349: Documents and series, mainly health and poor affairs concerning 350-508: "arrêtés"; 509-703: "lettres"; the no. 350-703 were recorded by Mr. Jung in autumn 1995. The development of a printed matter collection for the French period according to the model of the Landesherrlichen Verordnungssammlung (LVO) was started by leaving only one copy of printed ordinances or news, as far as they were present several times in the file volume, in the file. The rest have been separated. The documents of the Mainzer Veteranenverein found in the "French Archive" were spun off and assigned to the corresponding estate. Mr. Stauder also began with the separation of individual documents, which were only to be assigned to a file bundle after completion of the recording, and with the dissolution of the old FA60 bundles according to subject matter. The author has also continued his recording of subtitles and alto and registry signatures (see below). After the described experiences and on the basis of the peculiarities of the found stock, the author renounced to form (new) series - however it may have been - or to restore the old registry order - also only in rudimentary form. Instead, a numerus currens distortion was performed on the basis of the found condition. The merging of units that belonged together in terms of content thus took place only after the title listings had been completed - on the basis of the classification and the three - very detailed - indices. The subject file bundles listed in the old directory FA 60 were dissolved, since the file aprons contained a wide variety of subjects, which were often only roughly summarized under one catchword. The bundles were reviewed, units with related contents within the bundles - some of them still in the original file covers of the registry - were left together and newly recorded (the old archive signature is of course always indicated). The still unrecorded militaria had already been pre-ordered by Mr. Stauder and reassembled according to the facts. The signatures 269-273 and 284-285 were made by him, left so by me and listed. Individual documents within the various bundles, which differed completely in content from the otherwise found subjects, were first separated and, after completion of the indexing process, added to the archives to which they fitted in terms of content. The old small files, the individual files mentioned above, were left as they were and re-inserted. The bundles, which were only marked with a year (probably part of the original old registration), were also dissolved according to subject matter. Recognisable units (e.g. through labelled file envelopes) were of course retained. If possible, documents that had not been (pre-)sorted were either newly created according to subject (e.g. Militaria, Year VI) or first separated and, after completion of the indexing, added to suitable archival records. In total, the stock now comprises 60 1308 units of description or serial numbers. The last current number is 1319. The numbers 140-148, 882 and 944 were not assigned. Subtitles and registry signatures Subtitles are located in brackets below the titles of the files I have assigned. They are usually the original French title(s) of the subject file(s) found on an old envelope within the newly recorded archives. It is only indicated if there is such an original envelope in the file and if the title also matches the content of the documents it contains. Due to the old order work before 1991, the original connections were torn apart - as described above - so that the original file covers only remained in part of the original files, were separated or reappeared in completely different contexts. If it was clearly visible that only part of the original subject file was present in or near the original file cover, only the applicable part of the original file title is also indicated as a subtitle. On the original file covers, in most cases the year and the number from the list of subject series registries were indicated in addition to the file title (for example as year "an 14", as number "21", as title "Corps de metier"). As far as such a file cover was available and fitted to the content or partial content of the newly recorded archive, this registry signature was indicated as follows: XIV/21 (XIV for the year 14 of the French Republic, 21 for the number from 60/113). For years VI to IX, the year and the "heading" under which the subject in 60/113 is to be found have been indicated, where recognisable. The files more frequently contained a large number of documents from the Electoral period. If it was evident that these were pre-files to the events of the French period, they were left in the archives. If no connection was discernible, the events were passed on to Dr. Dobras for classification in electoral holdings. Nachprovenienzen The Lettres series does not end with the end of French rule in Mainz and the handover of the town to German troops on 4 May 1814, but continues until the end of 1814. For this reason, all files of the year 1814 under Lord Mayor Freiherr von Jungenfeld were left in this inventory, since the registry was at least partly continued for so long according to the French model. The following volumes with clear provenance or post-provenance Großherzogliche Bürgermeisterei were found in the holdings and were assigned to the holdings 70 (Hessisches Archiv): (order: Altsign. title runtime new signature) - ? Budgets Form, Instructions
Contains among other things: Report of the 24th Committee of the R e i c h s t a g on the draft of a law on compensation on the occasion of the peace treaty (Liquidation Damage Act) and compilation of the resolutions Ordinance (War Damage Ordinance) amending the Reich Relief Act, the Violent Damage Acts (Displacement, Colonial and Foreign Damage Act) and the Reich Compensation Act
History of the Inventory Designer: Under the name Rechnungshof des Norddeutschen Bund (Court of Audit of the North German Confederation), the Prussian Chamber of Upper Legislation took control of the budget of the German Reich for the financial years 1867-1869 for the first time, renaming the authority the Rechnungshof des Deutschen Reiches (Court of Audit of the German Reich). In addition to controlling the Reich's budget, the Oberrechnungskammer, in its function as Court of Audit, was responsible for auditing the budget of Alsace-Lorraine (1874-1919) and for controlling the budget of the protectorate (since 1892/95 Africa, since 1898 all protectorates). The Court of Audit (Rechungshof, RH) was chaired by the Chief President of the Chamber of Appeal; its members were appointed by the Emperor at the suggestion of the Federal Council. The task of auditing the accounts of the Reich's budget had to be transferred to the Upper Chamber of Accounts by repeated individual legislation, usually on an annual basis. Article 86 p. 2 of the Weimar Constitution ("The audit of accounts is regulated by the Reich Law") established the audit of accounts for the Reich Administration under constitutional law. The Reich Budget Code of 31.12.1922 accordingly provided for the fundamental audit of the Reich budget by the Court of Audit of the German Reich (legalization of the audit of the "economic efficiency of the administration"). Thus, for the first time, auditing was fixed as a right of the state; at the same time, the establishment of the Court of Audit as an independent Reich authority independent of the Reich government was regulated. The Imperial Budget Code determined - as an important objective of the Court of Audit after examination of the submitted annual accounts - to prepare memoranda on the most important audit results and to submit proposals to the Imperial Government for the amendment and interpretation of laws in order to remedy identified deficiencies in the administration. The Court of Audit of the Weimar Republic represented a college of President, Directors and Councillors, which decided all fundamental matters by majority vote in the Plenary Assembly. In order to decide on matters that were limited in scope and only concerned individual administrative areas, the Reich Budget Code granted the formation of senates consisting of at least 3 members. In addition, the expert activity could be carried out at the request of the Reich Ministers, the Reich Parliament and the Reich Council; in addition, companies with their own legal personality could also be audited by the Court of Audit. The President and the other members of the Court of Audit were now appointed by the President of the Reich, countersigned by the Reich Minister of Finance. The President of the Court of Audit was also responsible for the management of the Prussian Chamber of Accounts. From October 1, 1922, however, he no longer headed the Prussian but the Reichsbehörde full-time. Presidents of the Court of Audit were: 1869-1890: Karl Ewald von Stünzner 1890-1898: Arthur Paul Ferdinand von Wolff 1898-1914: Eduard Ludwig Karl von Magdeburg 1914-1922: Ernst Holz 1922-1938 Friedrich Ernst Moritz Saemisch 1938-1945 Heinrich Müller 1922 was also appointed Reichssparkommissara with the task, together with the Reich Minister of Finance, of examining the entire budget and drawing up expert opinions on it. He was supported by the savings committee of the Reichstag. In December 1933 this office was closed again and the tasks were transferred to the new presidential department of the Court of Audit. As the supreme audit and control authority, the Court of Audit was responsible for supervising the entire Reich budget by examining the budget accounts, including the unscheduled income and expenditure of all Reich administrations, the accounts for the entire non-monetary property of the Reich as well as the books and accounting documents of the enterprises of the Reich. Since the end of the First World War, the Court of Audit has also had to increasingly control the use of Reich funds, which flowed into the private economy in the form of loans, credits, guarantees, subsidies and participations, by including both important business enterprises and a rich country of smaller enterprises in its audit area. The internal structure of the RH remained essentially unchanged throughout its existence. It was divided into the presidential department and a changing number of audit departments, to which the authorities and companies to be audited were allocated according to objective criteria. For the collection and cartographic indexing of laws, ordinances, administrative provisions, official regulations and other documents required for auditing the accounts, a news agency was attached to the Presidential Department, which from 1937 was known as the "Archive". In 1933 the Court of Audit was confirmed as an independent supreme Reich authority vis-à-vis the Reich government, but the previous procedure of majority decisions was abolished and the President was largely granted authority to issue directives to all organs of the Court of Audit. With the exception of the Wehrmacht control and the use audit of state subsidies to the NSDAP, the Court was initially able to perform its duties within the framework of financial control to the full extent even after 1933. In 1934, the office of the Reich Savings Commissioner, who was responsible for advising the Reich government on all matters relating to budget management and the appropriate design, simplification and cost reduction of the administration, was dissolved and its most important functions transferred to an office of the Presidential Department of the Court of Audit. Also from 1934, the Act on the Maintenance and Increase of Purchasing Power (Gesetz zur Erhaltung und Hebung der Kaufkraft) made it possible to extend the jurisdiction of the Court of Audit to include the auditing of corporations, institutions and other legal entities under public law (finally laid down by law in the Reich Auditing Ordinance of 30 March 1938). In the course of the imperial reform efforts of the Third Reich, the "Law on the Budgetary Management, Accounting and Auditing of the Länder and on the Fourth Amendment to the Reich Budget Code" of 17 June 1936 brought important changes: with the beginning of the 1936 accounting year, the auditing of the budget and economic management of the Länder was transferred to the Technical University. For this purpose, based on the already existing State Audit Offices, the Regional Court set up in 1937 foreign departments responsible for one or more Länder, initially in Hamburg, Karlsruhe, Leipzig (from 1940 Dresden) and Munich. Later Vienna (1939), Poznan (1942) and Metz (1942) were added. These external departments of the Court of Audit were assigned "accounting offices" by the Länder as preliminary audit offices in accordance with the "Vorprüfordnung für die Länder" of 9 April 1937. After 1938, especially during the war, the focus of the audit activities of the Court of Audit shifted: on the one hand, the audit of the administrations in the so-called "Old Empire" was reduced, on the other hand, however, the jurisdiction of the Court of Audit was extended to all German administrations in the occupied territories and also exercised there to a large extent. Only the Generalgouvernement and the autonomous protectorate government had their own examination offices. . Inventory description: Inventory history The majority of the RH's registry, which is already in the Reichsarchiv, was transferred to the former Central State Archives of the GDR after the war. At the end of the war, a further part of the existing records was still kept in the RH buildings in Potsdam and Berlin and was archived after 1946. The losses caused by the Allied air raid on Potsdam in April 1945 amount to approx. 9 running metres. Since the Prussian Oberrechungskammer took over the examination of Reichaufgabe für Kunst, Wissenschaft, kirchliche Angelegenheiten und Forstwirtschaft in 1934 (the Prussian Oberrechungskammer already had corresponding departments for these areas), these records - as well as the previous files of the Court of Audit in the holdings of Rep. 138 of the Geheimes Staatsarchiv, Stiftung prußischer Kulturbesitz. Archival evaluation and processing The registries of the Court of Audit distinguished three groups of files according to the tasks of the authority, which are also reflected in the classification: - General files - Technical files with special audit documents and instructions - Audit files for the actual audit negotiations. In this finding aid book, both the relevant files of the tradition kept until 1990 in the Central State Archives as fonds R 2301 and the files kept in the Federal Archives as fonds R 47 are recorded. Although the necessary standardisation of individual development information was achieved by merging the two parts of the transmission, a complete re-drawing did not take place. The general files were kept according to a uniform file plan and are summarised at the beginning of the inventory. The specialist and examination files are arranged according to the most recently valid business distribution plan. In addition, the files of the "archive" are listed separately as a relatively independent structural part with various special registries. The creation of archival file titles, volume sequences and series was usually required when the files were recorded; the creation of identical titles was unavoidable due to the specific nature of the structure. Characterisation of content: The Court of Audit's transmission more or less comprehensively covers the authority's entire spectrum of tasks with the following focal points: - Organisational, legal, administrative and operational matters - Court of Audit and Reich Savings Commissioner - Civil servant duties and rights - Affairs of employees and workers - Budget, cash, accounting and auditing - Specialist and audit files on individual authorities and companies such as the Reich Ministry of Finance, the Reich Ministry of Labor, the Reich Ministry of the Interior, the Reich Office for Regional Planning, the Reich Nourishment State, Reich offices and main associations, Vereinigte Industrieunternehmungen AG und Untergesellschaften (VIAG), Kleinbahnunternehmen und Wohnungsbauunternehmen, Hauptversorgungs- und Versorgungsämter sowie Wehrmachttversorgungsämter - Collection of administrative reports, statutes and other printed matter from local and district administrations (locations A-Z) - Budgets and budget accounts of the Länder and municipal institutions - Gesetzsammelmappen In addition, 3089 personnel files are part of the inventory. , citation style: BArch, R 2301/...