Contains among other things: Trade reports - Compilation of the most common goods in trade with German East Africa - Report on trade and industrial relations in the southern Russian cities. Contains: Import of French colonial sugar into Holland p. 5 - Proposals on transport companies in the Near East p. 8 - Warning of the company "Societa Generale di Commissione Esportazione ed Importazione" in Napoli (=Naples) p. 12, p. 20 - Fabrication of tulle curtains in Russia p. 14 - Bogus companies "Bankvereinigung Grün

• Includes among others: Professor Albert Socin, Collection of Songs from the Inner Arabia - Expert Conference on Participation in the Bibliography of the Natural Sciences, Professor Wislicenus - South Polar Expedition, Professors Chun and Ratzel, Dr. Hans Meyer - Academic Singing Society Arion - Academic Singing Society Paulus - Academic Singing Society Paulus International Statistical Institute, Professor Hasse - Promotion of Roman-Germanic Archaeology - Draft of the Statutes of the German Society for the Customer of the Orient - Annual General Meeting of the Association of Independent Public Chemists of Germany 1899 in Wiesbaden, Germany, Topics among others..: Atomic weight, assessment of cognac with chemical analysis, determination of sugar in sugar-containing goods, food deception, wine, analytical reaction, steam disinfection, lead poisoning - Congress for Internal Medicine in Wiesbaden 1900 - Medical Congress in Paris 1900, Professor His, list of German delegates - Professor Socin: Diwan from Central Arabia - 5th International Zoological Congress 1901 in Berlin - Permanent Commission for International Earthquake Research - Congress for Internal Medicine 1901 in Berlin, Karl Hirsch - Organization of the Earthquake Observation Service, Professor Credner - Tuberculosis Congress 1901 in London - Statistical Congress 1901 in Budapest - International Congresses of History in Rome - 20th Congress of Internal Medicine in Wiesbaden, Ottfried Müller, by Criegern. American Congress in New York 1902 - Museé Greco - Romain, Hassan Bey Mohsen (excavations in Alexandria) - Sieglin collections - Newly discovered catacomb in Alexandria - Excavations in Cairo - Grave of Kom-esch-Schugafa (Schukâfa), Dr. Botti. Dentistenkongress in Stockholm, Prof. Hesse - Tuberculosis Congress in Paris - South Polar Expedition, Start from the Kerguelen - Air Electric Observations - Kurt Philipp, Studies in Paris - Professor Adolf Fischer in Peking - Magnetic surveying in Saxony, Professor Pattenhausen - Kurt Hellmuth Köhler, telegram, studies in the archive of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Paris - Trip to the eruption of Vesuvius 1906, travel report by Professor Dr. E. Rudolph - Foundation stone laid for the Varna Aquarium - Sven Hedin in India, donation of an Angstroms pyrheliometer to investigate the connection between monsoon rains and sunspots - Construction of a zoological station in Dar-es-Salam Collection of oligochaetes, land isopotenes, pteropods, salps and teraxenians during the German South Polar Expedition - foundation of an institute for the exploration of the Pacific Ocean in Honolulu - works of Leopold Schumacher 1898 - 1909, Sächsisches Staatsarchiv description: Contains among others..: Professor Albert Socin, Collection of Songs from the Inner Arabia - Expert Conference on Participation in the Bibliography of the Natural Sciences, Professor Wislicenus - South Polar Expedition, Professors Chun and Ratzel, Dr. Hans Meyer - Academic Singing Society Arion - Academic Singing Society Paulus - Academic Singing Society Paulus International Statistical Institute, Professor Hasse - Promotion of Roman-Germanic Archaeology - Draft of the Statutes of the German Society for the Customer of the Orient - Annual General Meeting of the Association of Independent Public Chemists of Germany 1899 in Wiesbaden, Germany, Topics among others..: Atomic weight, assessment of cognac with chemical analysis, determination of sugar in sugar-containing goods, food deception, wine, analytical reaction, steam disinfection, lead poisoning - Congress for Internal Medicine in Wiesbaden 1900 - Medical Congress in Paris 1900, Professor His, list of German delegates - Professor Socin: Diwan from Central Arabia - 5th International Zoological Congress 1901 in Berlin - Permanent Commission for International Earthquake Research - Congress for Internal Medicine 1901 in Berlin, Karl Hirsch - Organization of the Earthquake Observation Service, Professor Credner - Tuberculosis Congress 1901 in London - Statistical Congress 1901 in Budapest - International Congresses of Historical Sciences in Rome 20th Congress of Internal Medicine in Wiesbaden, Ottfried Müller, von Criegern - American Congress in New York 1902 - Museé Greco - Romain, Hassan Bey Mohsen (Excavations in Alexandria) - Sieglin Collections - Newly discovered catacomb in Alexandria - Excavations in Cairo. Grave of Kom-esch-Schugafa (Schukâfa), Dr. Botti - Temple area of the Sarapeion - Dentistenkongress in Stockholm, Prof. Hesse - Tuberculosis Congress in Paris - South Polar Expedition, Start of the Kerguelen - Air-electrical Observations - Kurt Philipp, Studies in Paris - Professor Adolf Fischer in Beijing - Magnetic surveying in Saxony, Professor Pattenhausen - Kurt Hellmuth Köhler, Telegram, Studies in the Archives of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Paris - Journey to the eruption of Vesuvius in 1906, travel report by Professor Dr. E. Rudolph - laying of the foundation stone for the Varna Aquarium - Sven Hedin in India, donation of an Angstroms pyrheliometer to investigate the connection between monsoon rains and sunspots. Establishment of a zoological station in Dar-es-Salam - collection of oligochaetes, land isopotenes, pteropods, salps and teraxenians during the German South Polar Expedition - foundation of an institute for the exploration of the Pacific Ocean in Honolulu - works of Leopold Schumacher.

Contains:1914 Jan. 1 - Berlin: Die Dt. Omitholog. Gesel1schaft asks the RT to prohibit the ruthless shooting of birds of paradise in the German protectorate of New Guinea because of the danger of extinction. Signatures: Heinroth, Reichenow, GS.1 p., print.1916 Febr. 5 - Düsseldorf: submission by Alwine Clason, chairman of the Stadtverband für Frauenbestrebungen, and Maria Bewerunge, deputy chairman of the Vereinigung Düsseldorfer Künstlerinnen und Kunstfreundinnen, to the Abg.Haus wegen Errichtung einer Kunstakademie für Frauen in Düsseldorf.3 S., Drucke1920 Nov. 1 - Cologne: Memorandum for the establishment of a school for physical education in Cologne.21/% S., masch.-schriftl. Absrchrift.o. D. (after 1921 June 29): Memorandum on the founding and establishment of the Catholic Institute of Philosophy planned for Cologne, which is to be named the "Albertus Magnus Academy" in honour of the great Cologne teacher Albertus Magnus. Written by Prof. Dr. Switalski from Braunsberg, currently Köln.4 S., Druck.192(4) Mai 27 - Berlin: Schreiber reminds Marx of the promise to write to Cardinal Bertram about Prof. Steinmann. He urges you to take his rather careful wording literally. Prelate Steinmann - Rome has the same request. Eh. Signature.1 S., Eigenhädig Ausf., Kopfbogen 'RT'.1924 June 2 - Berlin: Cardinal Bertram rejects the promotion of an appointment of Prof. Altons Steinmann - Braunsberg to Breslau vis-à-vis Marx, not for reasons based on his teaching, but in a personal manner. The Archbishop of Cologne would probably also resist the appointment of Professors Wittig and v. Tessen to Bonn. Eh. Signature.21/2 p., masrch.-schriftl. Ausf., Kopfbogen.1925 March 12 - Freiburg: Dr. Sacher, ed. of the Staatslexikon der Görresgesellschaft, writes Marx that he could only start the great work because the employee fees are covered by subsidies a fonds perdu. Contributions were made by the Pope, individual Americans and a German leather factory with a total of 10,000 marks. This amount has been devalued by inflation, while most of the aid promised has been withdrawn. When assigning the keywords he can hardly accommodate the art. if he cannot increase the fee to 8-10 RM per printed page. This lacks about 10,000 RM. Sacher asks Marx to win patrons for the Staatslexikon or to open up support funds. Eh. Signature.2 S., masch.-schriftl. Ausf., Kopfbogen des Staatslexikons.1926 June 26 - Berlin: Following a discussion, Hermann Muckermann sends Marx copies of a memorandum of the Kaiser Wilhelm Society for the Advancement of Science concerning the establishment of an Institute for Anthropology, Human Heredity and Eugenics. Marx may for the sake of private business!.. Securing the building of the institute. Eh. Signature.1/2 p., mach.-typewritten copy, personal headband. In the appendix the memorandum,1 p., print.o. D.: Speeches by A. v. Harnack and Marx on a mainslog of the Kaiser-Wilhelm-Gesellschaft.5 and 4 p., mach.-schriftl. In Marx' speech improvements by the hand of the Prelate Schreiber. 1928 July 24 - Berlin: Pünder notifies Marx that his own and the Reich Ministry of the Interior's investigations into the composition of the German National Committee for Spiritual Cooperation have been delayed. The two v. Harnack chairmen and the 2nd Planck chairmen; the two v. Harnack chairmen and the other 5 members of the Presidium have not yet been appointed. Min.-Dir. Pellengahr announced that the list of members, which until now had only included university professors, would be extended. Prelate Schreiber is a member of the Commission. Eh.Unterschrift.P/4 S., masch.-schriftl. Ausf., Kopfbogen 'Der StS in der Reichskanzlei'.[1928 act. 31 - Salzburg: Prince Archbishop Ignatius Rieder and Archabbot P. Klotz OSB, President and Vice-President of the University Association, respectively, invite Marx to the Salzburg University Day, which is held on the occasion of the celebration! Opening of the Pope. philos. Institute takes place. The Cardinal Archbishops Pfiffl-Wien and Faulhaber-München as well as the Pope Nuntius Sibilia, Seipel, Min.President Held, the Austrian Min.-Presidents (retired) Hussarek, P. Gemelli, Rector of the Sacred Heart Jesu University Milan, and the Rector of the University of Nymwegen, also representatives of the Görres Society, the Leo Society and the Association of Academics have announced their participation. Ew. Excellency will understand that we attach very special and extraordinary importance to your participation in the planned great festival. The entire German Catholic people should gain the impression from the powerful festive rally that their leaders are convinced of the necessity of a German Catholic university and also believe in the possibility of the re-establishment of such a university. Eh. Signatures.31/. S., masch.-schriftl. Ausf.1928 Nov. 12: Marx answers Rieder that he wishes best success to the excellent and far-sighted plans, ... whose execution are of extraordinary advantage for the Catholic teaching and the reputation of the Catholic science. The coming weeks will be of special importance for the fate of the German people. The possibility of serious conflicts is not excluded. Under these circumstances I must not dare to leave here.P/4 p., copy of Masch.-Schreiben, without authentication.1928 Nov. 21 - Salzburg: Prince Archbishop Rieder thanks Marx for his good wishes and regrets his absence. He's asking for a welcome telegram. Eh. Signature.1 5th, machine-written version, on it draft of the welcoming telegram, by Marx himself.1929 June 27 - Berlin: The German College of Politics invites Marx to a meeting of the Board of Trustees, Eh. Signature: Dr. Simons.1 5th, machine-written copy, head bow. On the back, notes by Marx from the meeting.1931 June 5 - Freiburg: Sacher reports to the staff of the State Dictionary about a longer private audience with Pope Pius XI and a reception at Cardinal-StS Pacelli. Eh. Signature.2 5th, copy. Ausf., head bow of the State Dictionary.

History of the Inventory Designer: Formed in 1921 through the merger of the Federation of German Farmers with the Deutscher Landbund as an agricultural policy organization and lobby of agricultural associations, the Reichslandbund was of significance for national socialist influence in farming circles; in 1933 it was incorporated into the Reichsnährstand (Hauptabteilung I). Description of the holdings: History of the holdings The establishment of the Reichslandbund press archive, which was one of the largest and oldest German press archives, began as early as 1893, after the founding of the Bund der Landwirte (Federation of Farmers) in 1893. When the Bund der Landwirte (Federation of Farmers) merged with the Deutscher Landbund to form the Reichslandbund in 1921 and the Reichslandbund was transferred to the Reichsnährstand in 1933, the press archive was continued. The files, together with the material files of the Reichslandbund, were transferred to the Central State Archives of the GDR. Content characterisation: The press archive contains collections of press clippings on the following topics: Domestic politics, economy and culture, including: political and other events 1905-1945, I. and II. World War II, consequences of war, occupied territories 1912-1945, relationship Reich - Länder 1894-1945, Reichstag and Reichstag elections 1893-1942, National Assembly, workers' and citizens' councils 1918-1931, Reichsrat, Reichswirtschaftsrat 1897-1944, Kaiser and Reich President 1894-1941, Reich Chancellor, Imperial government 1894-1944, parties, associations, federations 1871, 1893-1945, army, fleet, air force 1896-1945, justice and police 1894-1944, population structure, classes and stratification of individual population groups 1894-1945, Prussia 1895-1944, other German countries A-Z 1898-1944; Economy and trade, in the process: Economy and Economic Policy 1899-1944, Organisation of the Economy 1897-1944, Industries and Individual Products 1893-1945, Trade and Crafts 1893-1944, Agriculture and Forestry, Food and Fisheries, General 1893-1945, Confederation of Farmers and Reichslandbund 1893-1945, Reichsnährstand 1933-1945, other agricultural organizations 1893-1944, agricultural production 1893-1945, agricultural workers, social affairs of agriculture 1893-1945, finances and loans 1893-1945, agricultural training 1905-1945, exhibitions 1908-1945, peasant and rural culture and art 1904, 1933-1945, peasant inheritance 1894-1945, forestry and fishing 1895-1945, trade, trade contract policy, customs tariff, Prices 1894-1945, chambers of commerce and associations 1893-1944, retail trade, restaurants, consumption 1904-1944, finance, taxes, customs, banking, stock exchange and credit 1894-1945, insurance 1893-1944, railways and road traffic 1894-1944, Inland and maritime shipping 1894-1943, post 1898-1944, social policy and welfare 1895-1945, health 1899-1945, housing 1904-1944, schools and universities 1896-1944, churches and sects 1898-1945, science, art, culture, sport 1901-1945; Foreign policy. Politics, economy and culture abroad: German foreign policy and foreign policy of other countries, international alliances and treaties 1896-1944, colonial policy 1897-1944, army and fleet 1900-1944, trade unions, social democracy, social policy 1904-1944, international economic and trade relations, economy, food and agriculture of foreign countries 1893-1944, international transport 1894-1944, culture and education, press 1905-1945, documents on individual countries in Europe, Asia and America 1993-1945 state of development: Findbücher (1978) Citation method: BArch, R 8034-II/...

I. Introduction1) On the history of the Rautenstrauch-Joest-MuseumWilhelm Joest was born in Cologne on 15 March 1852 as the son of the merchant Eduard Joest. After studying natural sciences in Bonn, Heidelberg and Berlin, he travelled to Africa, America and the South Seas. When he died on 25.11.1897 on the island of Ureparapara in the South Seas, he left behind an ethnographic collection comprising about 3,400 list numbers. This collection, which formed the basis of the museum, was accepted by the City Council on 16 February 1899 as a gift from the married couple Eugen Rautenstrauch and Adele Rautenstrauch at Joest, - she was Wilhelm Joest's sister - for the Natural History Museum. After the death of Eugen Rautenstrauch on 18.5.1900, Adele Rautenstrauch donated 250,000 Marks to the City of Cologne for the construction of a museum and another 25,000 Marks for the appointment of a museum director. The city council adopted these foundations on 9.8.1900. After the death of Adele Rautenstrauch on 30.12.1903, her heirs increased the building capital for the museum by 180,000 Marks. This donation was subject to the condition that the respective head of the Rautenstrauch family or, in his absence, another member of the Rautenstrauch family to be presented to the city by the family should have a seat and vote in the municipal commission of the Rautenstrauch-Joest-Museum. The city council assembly accepted this foundation on 13.5.1904. Joest's collections found their first accommodation in the Bayenturm in 1901. The office was located in a neighbouring harbour building. Later, parts of the collections, which had increased considerably in the meantime due to other donations, as well as the office had to be moved to the old Quatermarktschule. The collections, however, gained such a size in the following years through further donations that the space was soon no longer sufficient here either. This is why the completion of the museum building in 1906, which was begun according to the designs of architect Edwin Crones in the spring of 1904, came just in time. The ceremonial inauguration took place on November 12 of the same year, 1918, when the English occupying forces settled in the building of the State United Mechanical Engineering School Cologne, Ubierring 48. As a result, the mechanical engineering school was relocated to the Rautenstrauch-Joest-Museum for a short time in 1919. A "quartering", which should last longer, took place by the opening of the Kammerspiele on 24.10.1948. The Rautenstrauch-Joest-Museum survived the bombing raids during the Second World War quite lightly, because only the north wing and the rear wing had been destroyed by bomb hits. After provisional repairs after the end of the war (Kammerspiele), the final reconstruction of the destroyed parts began in the spring of 1963. The completion of the shell of the north wing took place in 1964. From 1965 onwards, the museum was closed due to the construction work both in the old building and on the new part until its ceremonial opening on the 7th of July.Since the Rautenstrauch-Joest-Museum was more dependent on private than public aid at the time of its foundation, the Verein zur Förderung des Rautenstrauch-Joest-Museums was founded on 17.5.1904 on the initiative of Adele Rautenstrauch's heirs. On 28.2.1951 the association was renamed "Gesellschaft für Völkerkunde" (Society for Ethnology). 1909 saw the first publication of its own series, the "Ethnologica", on behalf of the Society for the Promotion of the Rautenstrauch-Joest Museum. The respective director of the Rautenstrauch-Joest-Museum acts as editor on behalf of the Association or the Society for Ethnology.2List of museum directors with terms of office - Willi Foy ( 27.11.1873, † 01.03.1929)01.10.1901 - 1925- Fritz Graebner ( 04.04.1877, † 13.07.1934)1925 - 1928- Julius Lips ( 08.09.1895, † 21.01.)1950)1928 - April 1933- Andreas Scheller 1933 - June 1940 ( 08.05.1894, † 25.3.1977 in Schwalmstadt-Ziegenhain)(provisional director (dismissed from the service of the City of Cologne on 31.12.1940)- Martin Heydrich ( 29.12.1889, † 08.02.1969)1. July 1940 - 1945- Friedrich Wilhelm Funke ( 21.06.1921)(director) 1945 - 1948- Martin Heydrich1948 - 31.12.1960- Willy Fröhlich ( 30.10.1906, † 04.09.1971)01.01.1961 - 04.09.1971- Axel Freiherr von Gagern01.12.1971 - 31.12.1978- Gisela Völger ( 28.04.1937)01.10.1979 - 27.04.20003 Sources and LiteratureContent 505, Museum Administration, No. 43Content 47 - 51, Art and Popular Education, No. 5, 53, 54, 56, 248, 250, 251, 252, 285, 286Willy Foy. Guide to the Rautenstrauch-Joest Museum. (Museum für Völkerkunde der Stadt Cöln.) Köln, 1908.Verwaltungsberichte der Stadt Köln.4. Aktenübernahme und OrdnungverfahrenThe files of the Rautenstrauch-Joest-Museum reached the archive under Accession 404 on 05.04.1976 with a three-page delivery list The delivery list describes only summarily the subject of the files packed in 11 cartons. After completion of the indexing work and the structuring in January 1984, 108 volumes of files were still found in the heating cellar of the Rautenstrauch-Joest-Museum. This delivery came on 22.02.1984 in the Archivon it received no own Accessionsnummer, but was immediately registered and into the structure already provided worked in. The files date back to the period between 1901 and 1971, with the bulk of the archival material originating between 1950 and 1970. Martin Heydrich's hand-files had been mixed with the "General Correspondence". In July 1940 Heydrich was appointed full professor for the newly established chair of ethnology at the University of Cologne. He also took over the management of the Rautenstrauch-Joest-Museum. These Handakten essentially refer to his activities as Ordinarius for Ethnology and as editor of the journal "Ethnologischer Anzeiger". The reference files were extracted from the "General Correspondence" and placed as a separate group at the end of the index under the number L.Under the "General Correspondence, Series" there is also correspondence relating to the purchase, exchange and donation of ethnographics and literature, as well as vice versa correspondence of general content in the purchase and exchange files. After the removal from the Leitz files and the removal of metal parts, the files were listed according to numerus currens. The filing within the correspondent series with museums, institutes and scientific societies was quite arbitrary. Within a volume, correspondence is filed under the location of the institute or society as well as under the name of the institute. 614 boxes comprise 37 boxes. 13 m; 655 files.

Contains among other things: - Joint action by the European powers over the uprising in Crete, 1867 - visit of the Duchess of Genoa to Saxony, 1867 - colonial trade with India and Sumatra, 1867 - purchase of provisions for the Italian army, 1867 - colonial trade with Senegal, 1867 - General La Marmora's trip to Venice and abroad, 1867 - armament of the navy in France, 1867 - financial reform in Italy, 1867 - exchange of archives between Austria and Italy over Veneto,1867 - Baron Bille-Brahe appointed Danish chargé d'affaires to the Kingdom of Italy, 1867 - Chevalier Constantino Nigra returned to Paris as envoy, 1867 - Situation in Schleswig-Holstein, 1867 - Proposals for the foundation of a South German Confederation (Salzburg meeting), 1867 - Compensation between Austria and Hungary, 1867 - Hungarian railway loan, 1867 - Delivery of weapons to France, 1867 - Travels of Garibaldi through the Papal States and Central Italy, 1867 - Political situation in Austria, 1867 - Statements of Emperor Napoleon III. on a war with Prussia, 1867 - German nunnery in Assisi, 1867 - political situation in Hungary, 1867 - "Summary overview of the strength of the Italian army in late August and late September 1866", 1867 - political conditions in Bulgaria, 1867 - Russian music project on the unrest in Crete, 1867 - Neutralisation of the Netherlands, 1867 - Fortress of Luxembourg demolished, 1867 - Negotiations between France and Italy on the Papal State, 1867 - Situation in the city of Rome, 1867 - French troops sent to Rome, 1867 - Negotiations on a conference on the Roman question, 1867 - Battle of Mentana, 1867.

Contains among other things: - Joint action by the European powers over the uprising in Crete, 1867 - visit of the Duchess of Genoa to Saxony, 1867 - colonial trade with India and Sumatra, 1867 - purchase of provisions for the Italian army, 1867 - colonial trade with Senegal, 1867 - General La Marmora's trip to Venice and abroad, 1867 - armament of the navy in France, 1867 - financial reform in Italy, 1867 - exchange of archives between Austria and Italy over Veneto,1867 - Baron Bille-Brahe appointed Danish chargé d'affaires to the Kingdom of Italy, 1867 - Chevalier Constantino Nigra returned to Paris as envoy, 1867 - Situation in Schleswig-Holstein, 1867 - Proposals for the foundation of a South German Confederation (Salzburg meeting), 1867 - Compensation between Austria and Hungary, 1867 - Hungarian railway loan, 1867 - Delivery of weapons to France, 1867 - Travels of Garibaldi through the Papal States and Central Italy, 1867 - Political situation in Austria, 1867 - Statements of Emperor Napoleon III. on a war with Prussia, 1867 - German nunnery in Assisi, 1867 - political situation in Hungary, 1867 - "Summary overview of the strength of the Italian army in late August and late September 1866", 1867 - political conditions in Bulgaria, 1867 - Russian music project on the unrest in Crete, 1867 - Neutralisation of the Netherlands, 1867 - Fortress of Luxembourg demolished, 1867 - Negotiations between France and Italy on the Papal State, 1867 - Situation in the city of Rome, 1867 - French troops sent to Rome, 1867 - Negotiations on a conference on the Roman question, 1867 - Battle of Mentana, 1867.; 2011 June 7, Br

Contains:Annual reports, travel reports, sale of the mining company to the railway company (results of mining not very good, interesting handling of such a company), 1898-1914Darin:Participation in the Annener Gas-Gesellschaft due to sales and mining damage, 1906-20Inventar-Nummer: 070550031701Altsignatur: GBAG 16420Unternehmen/Institutionen:Schantung-Bergbau-Gesellschaft (Berlin); Schantung-Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft; Annener Gas-Gesellschaft

Contains above all: Establishment of the Overseas Commission Meeting reports Contains also: Maintenance of the German steamboat connection to Australia

• Includes among others: List of companies in Kiautschou - Import articles to Shanghai - Industrial foundations in southern Russia - Sales conditions in Cuba and the United States of America 1905 - 1913, Saxon State Archives description: Contains among others..: Directory of companies in Kiautschou - Import articles to Shanghai - Industrial foundations in southern Russia - Sales relations in Cuba and the United States of America.

• Includes among others: List of companies in Kiautschou - Import articles to Shanghai - Industrial foundations in southern Russia - Sales conditions in Cuba and the United States of America 1903 - 1905, Saxon State Archives description: Contains among others..: Directory of companies in Kiautschou - Import articles to Shanghai - Industrial foundations in southern Russia - Sales relations in Cuba and the United States of America.

• 1899 - 1900, Saxon State Archives Contains among others: Directory of companies in Kiautschou - Import articles to Shanghai - Industrial establishments in southern Russia - Sales relations in Cuba and the United States of America description: Includes among others..: Directory of companies in Kiautschou - Import articles to Shanghai - Industrial foundations in southern Russia - Sales relations in Cuba and the United States of America.

Contains: above all: Accompanying letters and notices on submitted papers etc., including Haardt, V. v. (Vienna): General map of the ethnographic conditions of Asia (1886); Conze: Verzeichnis der Abklatsche von Inschriften (1886); Fraya, Zeitung für Volks-Aufklärung, No. 38, 1886 with article Die Verwerflichkeit der Zehn und die Vorzüglichkeit der Vier im Teil-Verkehr der Menschheit; Hoetsch, L. (Weil) on physiological artificial tone formation (1887); Mende, A. (Frankfurt/O.): Universelle Forschungen zur Geschichte des Weltalls (1887); Borch, L. v. (Innsbruck): Ein Beitrag zum gerichtlichen Verfahren des Mittelalters (1887); Paret, K. L. (Stuttgart): Protestation against science, the theologians and the state of the art in the calculation of the world era (1888) - Reports to the Academy, including: Chief of the Army General Staff on the location of the Varus Battle (1886); Meyer, A. B. (Dresden) about the old streets in the Obergailtal (1886); Königlich Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften München about the 27th plenary assembly of the Historische Kommission (1886); Kultusministerium about the discovery of a collection of laws of Alarich II by Beer in Leon (1888) and sending the report of the Kaiserlich-Deutschen Konsulat in Tunis about the opening of the Museum Alaoui (1888) - offers, information and notices to the academy, among others: Plan of the Philological Society in Constantinople for the publication of a catalogue of Greek manuscripts (1886); 100th anniversary of the Regia Academia Litterarum Historiae Antiquitatis Holmiensis S. D. P. (1886); information sheet on the 7th anniversary of the foundation of the Society. International Congress of Orientalists (1886); Wachtel (Cospoli): sale of Turkish word essays (1886); invitation to the 500th anniversary of the Ruperto Carola University Heidelberg (1886); Academy of Sciences of the Netherlands: programme of a poetic competition (1886); Rangabe (Berlin): Programme of the 25th anniversary of the Greek Philological Society of Constantinople (1886); information about the Imperial University of Japan (1886); Royal Museums: catalogue and tickets to the exhibition of the Finsch Collection of objects from New Guinea (1886); K. u. K. Consulate General: Statutes and Regulations of the Schwestern-Fröhlich-Stiftung (1887); Verein Berliner Presse: Tickets for the Uhland celebration (1887); batistie, N. (Zara): sale of a work in the old Croatian language (1888); invitation to the inauguration ceremony of the monument to Adalbert von Chamisso (1888); accompanying letter and information on applications to the academy, including..: Freier Deutscher Hochstift (Frankfurt/M.): financial support for the reappearance of the Bibliotheca historica (1886, 1887); Blass, F. (Kiel): financial support for a research trip to Constantinople to study Greek manuscripts (1886); call for financial support for a monument to Adalbert von Chamisso in Berlin (1887); Wernicke, K. (1886): financial support for the reappearance of the Bibliotheca historica (1886, 1887). (Paris): financial support for a trip to Italy to research the depictions of Greek heroic sagas (1887); Haupt, K. (New York): printing of his treatise on the problem of causality in the Academy's reports (1888): Blass, F. (Kiel): Mediation of the permission of the Turkish government to use the manuscripts of the Serail Library (1886); Pauli, C. (Leipzig): Permission to examine the epigraphic estate of Corssen (1886); Kopecky, I. (Athens): Examination of his treatise on the rowing equipment of the Attischen Trieren (1888); Lühmann (Greifswald): Printing of his treatise The Old Languages at the Prussian Grammar Schools in the reports or journals of the Academy (1888).- Expert opinion on applications to the Academy for financial support, including: Baist, G. (Erlangen): research trip to London to study older Romanesque literature (1886); Meyer, P. (Smyrna): trip to the libraries of the Athos monasteries (1887); Herzsohn, P. (Bonn): publication of the work Der Überfall Alexandriens durch Peter I. (The Attack of Alexandria by Peter I.), King of Jerusalem and Cyprus (1888); Fügner (Nienburg): Publication of a Lexicon Livianum (1888) - Expert opinion for the Ministry of Culture on applications for the same for financial support, including: Corssen, P. (Jever): Publication of the Vulgate of the New Testament (1886); Wenker, G.: Sprachatlas des deutschen Reiches (1886); Büttner, C. G. (Wormditt): Foundation of a journal for African languages (1886); Königliche Bibliothek: Acquisition of the Bibliotheca Meermanniana (1887); 38. Meeting of German philologists and teachers: publication of the Monumenta Germaniae Paedagogica (1887); Royal Museums: purchase of Faijûm-Papyri (1887); expert opinion for the Ministry of Culture on a procedure of F. F. Mendonça Cortez for the production of geographical maps (1886); communication to Purgold (Gotha) on measures to protect his person on a research trip to Algeria (1886).

39 Lectures, sermons, travelogues[Overview in file]: - The thanksgiving offering of the Rayküsten Congregation to the RM / 1928- Gifts with a mouth / - New Guinea - a land of harvest joy / - Becker / Sermon Col. 3: 16-17 / 1909- Blum, Wilhelm / Sermon on Ps. 84, 6-8 / 1905- Diehl, Wilhelm / Sermon on 1.Kor.13,13 1904- Diehl, Wilhelm / Psychology and Ghost Worship at our Papuas / 1907- Diehl, Wilhelm / How do we involve our young Christians in financial achievements / 1909- Diehl, Wilhelm / Report on the founding and development of our company / Report on the history of our company / 1909- Diehl, Wilhelm / Report on the history of our company / 1907- Diehl, Wilhelm / Report on the history of our young Christians / Report on the history of our company. Development of the station Bogadjim during the first 25 years / 1912- Diehl, Wilhelm / Discussion of the language question in view of the unification of the language area Bongu-Bogadjim / 1913- Döge, Walter / Among the inhabitants of the Adalbert Mountains / 1936- Döge, Walter / An excursion to the foothills of the Bismarcksgebirge / 1931- Eckershoff, Heinrich / The collaboration of Samoan pastors in our New Guinea mission / 1921- Eiffert, Georg / The gospel and the Papuan pagan custom / 1911- George, Heinrich / Azera Reisebericht / 1924- Glitz, Gustav / Vom Bau unserer Rheno-Westfalia / 1910- Hanke, August / Which moral and religious demands do we have to make on baptized applicants and baptized Papuans? 1903- Hanke, August / On Uniform Orthography in New Guinea / 1905 / Hanke, August / The Numeric Words in the Languages of our Field of Work / 1905- Hanke, August / Casus formation of the Nomen substantivum and its meaning in the Bongus Language / 1906- Hanke, August / Report on the Development of the RM in New Guinea / 1912- Hanke, August / Sermon on Jes. 21, 11-12 / 1914- Helmich, Heinrich / The treatment of our natives by the missionary in everyday and personal intercourse / 1905 - Helmich, Heinrich / The formation of a Christian terminology in the Siar language and in the language of Siar. the associated difficulties / 1907- Helmich, Heinrich / The uniform design of our Sunday service / 1909- Helmich, Heinrich / Sermon on the 25th anniversary of the RM in New Guinea / 1912- Helmich, Heinrich / Procurement of a municipal ordinance with special consideration of what was initially required / 1913- Hoffmann, Albert / Mission u. Colonization in their mutual relationship with special consideration of New Guinea / 1902- Hoffmann, Albert / Thoughts about our mission area and the continuation of the work in New Guinea / - Kriele, Eduard / The current situation of the New Guinea mission and the resulting tasks for its continuation due to pers. Observations instead of a general report / 1909- Schütz, Friedrich / Sermon on John 13, 34-35 / 1908- Schütz, Friedrich / The subject matter and his treatment in our elementary schools / 1909- Schütz, Friedrich / Sermon on Ps. 62, 2 / 1912- Schütz, Friedrich / The cooperation of Samoan pastors in our New Guinea mission / 1921- Viering, Alfred / New Guinea / / Viering, Alfred [?] / A significant conference for our New Guinea mission / 1929- Weber, Ernst / Recruiting and training indigenous helpers / 1908- Welsch, Jakob / How can the problem of input of youth education be solved? / - Welsch, Jakob / The missionary in relation to his church / 1935- Welsch, Jakob / Some questions answered by the paper: The missionary in relation to his church / 1936- Welsch, Jakob / The Papuans are an easy-going people[&] Magic

Contains: Summary of the publication "Unsere Südsee", o.Dat.; "Die Auslandspresse über den Nationitätenkongreß in Lausanne (vom 27. - 30. Juni)", o.Dat.; Piotr Pawel Kasprzycki: "Die Nationitätenfrage und der Völkerkrieg", Aug. 1915; Dr. von Glasenapp: "Deutschlands wirtschaftliche und finanzielle Kraft", 1915; Count J. v. Korwin-Milewski: "Zurück zum Dreikaiserbund", o.Dat. (ca. 1916); Promemoria concerns two articles published in the Züricher Neuesten Nachrichten of Feb. 9/10, March 1916, about a possible peace mediation of the neutral states and territorial restoration of the status quo ante bellum; Prof. Eduard Meyer: "Denkschrift betr. die deutsche Kriegssituation nach dem Eintritt Amerikas in den Krieg" (print), 25 Apr. 1916; General Landschaftsdirektor Kapp "Die nationalen Kreise und der Reichskanzler", May 20, 1916; General Landschaftsdirektor Kapp "Die nationale Kreise und der Reichskanzler", May 20, 1916; Promemoria concerns two articles about a possible peace mediation of the neutral states and territorial restoration of the status quo ante bellum. Estorff: "Das deutsche Offizier-Korps in der Zukunft", 1 Aug. 1916; Mitteilungen des "Unabhängigen Ausschusses für einen Deutschen Frieden" (Appeal), 23 Aug. 1916; Captain Ulrich: "Deutschlands wirtschaftliche Widerstandskraft und Deutschlands Finanzkraft" (Printing), 10 March 1917; Richard Pretzell and Dr. Otto Hellmut Hopfen: Memorandum concerning the founding of the Neudeutsche Verlags- und Treuhandgesellschaft, Berlin, zur Gesundung des deutschen Pressewesens.- (The German Officers' Corps in the Future). Description of the current grievances in Germany, Apr. 27, 1917; "Das Wirtschaftsleben während der Kriegszeit", edited by Bankhaus Gebr. Arnhold (Druck), Apr. 28, 1917; Memorandum of the Verein Deutscher Eisen- und Stahl-Industrieller and the Verein deutscher Eisenhüttenleute "Zur Einleibung der französisch-lothringischen Eisenerzbecken in das Deutsche Reichsgebiet" (Druck), Dec. 19, 1917; "The economic life during the wartime", edited by Bankhaus Gebr. Arnhold (Druck), Apr. 28, 1917. 1917; "Die staatatsrechtliche Stellung des Thronsugers", edited by the headquarters of the Heeresgruppe Deutscher Kronprinz, Charleville (print), 1. Jan. 1918; Recording of protection treaties under international law (sent by H. Hatzfeldt with letter of 23. March 1918) Wilhelm Hall-Halfen: "Eine für Alle! Overthrowing Financial Project for the Repayment of War Debts" (print), March 1918

Preliminary remark: With the foundation of the German Reich in January 1871 and the establishment of the Foreign Office as an imperial institution, the powers of the Württemberg Ministry of Foreign Affairs were severely restricted and most Württemberg missions abroad were dissolved in the following years. However, through official correspondence with various institutions of the North German Confederation and later of the German Reich, numerous documents were gathered from which the present holdings were formed. This consists of the following parts:E 36 Verz. F (only one file)E 46 "B[andes] A[ngelegenheiten]", formerly Bü 251 - 590 und 1265 - 1266 (m. L.)E 49 Verz. 3 "B[andes] A[ngelegenheiten]"E 49 Verz. 22, rubrics "Bundesr[at]" and "Reich "A detailed history of the ministry can be found in the preface to fonds E 40/10, to which reference is made here.Since the North German Federation, like the Second German Reich, was already dominated by Prussia, the year 1866, in which the German Federation was finally dissolved and Austria's supremacy in Germany ended, appeared as a suitable border year for the General Acts on General Foreign Policy. In the end, the collection reaches back to the time of the early Weimar Republic, since a border year of 1918 became superfluous due to the dissolution of the ministry in 1920. The documents cover all general matters concerning the North German Federation (from 1867) and the German Reich (from 1871). This also includes the files concerning the imperial legations and consulates, which partially replaced the Württemberg missions abroad (cf. holdings E 50/00 - E 50/61 as well as E 65 - E 75). However, the documents concerning relations with the individual German federal states are not included in the inventory. Since here a considerable number of files chronologically exceed the "cut-off year" 1866/67 on both sides, a separation did not seem to make sense here. Questions of territory with the neighbouring states of Württemberg for the period of the early Kingdom of Württemberg are to be found in inventory E 40/11 (acquisitions of territory from 1806 onwards), later smaller border clearings and general foreign policy relations with the other German federal states in inventory E 40/14. The section "German Affairs 1866 - 1871", in which the ministerial tradition of the emergence of the Second German Empire and in particular the wars waged in the run-up to it (German War 1866 and Franco-German War 1870/71) is located, was again completely added to inventory E 40/72 (war matters and military matters), since here the political and military aspects are extremely closely interlinked. Numerous other documents on Württemberg's relations with Prussia, the North German Federation, its position as the federal state of the German Reich and its involvement in federal affairs within the framework of the Bundesrat are kept in inventory E 74 (Württemberg Embassy in Berlin), since the respective Württemberg envoy in Berlin was at the same time also authorized representative to the Bundesrat. In these cases, it is therefore possible to speak in part of a counter tradition to the existing stock, which now comprises 841 tufts or 16.30 linear metres of shelving. Most of the title recordings were made by Dr. Kurt Hochstuhl at the end of the 1990s. The final editorial office was provided by the undersigned. Stuttgart, February 2011Johannes Renz b) nationality mark: [A]Austria [AUS]Australia [B]Belgium [BR]Brazil [CH]Switzerland [CHN]People's Republic of China [CZ]Czech Republic [DZ]Algeria [F]France [GB]Great Britain and Northern Ireland [GR]Greece [I]Italy [IND]India [J]Japan [LT]Lithuania [MD]Moldova [N]Norway [NL]Netherlands [PL]Poland [RA]Argentina [RO]Romania [RUS]Russia [S]Sweden [TN]Tunisia [USA]United States of America [ZA]South Africa

Preliminary remark: This collection comprises documents of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs on the general and interdepartmental foreign policy of Württemberg with regard to non-German states in Europe and the rest of the world. This also includes the Empire of Austria (-Hungary), which already owned large non-German territories when it was founded in 1804/06 and which left Germany completely after the war against Prussia in 1866. Documents on the remaining states of the Confederation of the Rhine, the German Confederation and the German Empire from 1871 onwards - including Prussia (as a whole) - were to a large extent assigned to holdings E 40/14, while those on the Reichsland Alsace-Lorraine in the period 1871 - 1918 are again to be found in holdings E 40/16. The holdings essentially consist of the following parts:E 36 Verz. 60: Relevant parts of the categories "France" and "Austria "E 41 Verz. 63: Category "Different States" with sub-categories, if they are non-German statesE 46 (Categories by States)E 49 Verz. 21 and 22 (Categories by States)E 49 Supplement 1938A detailed history of the authorities of the Ministry can be found in the preface to fonds E 40/10, to which reference is made here.the country categories correspond to the composition of the world of states in the 19th and early 20th centuries. Numerous Italian small and medium-sized states, for example, are found as predecessors of the Kingdom of Italy for the first half of the 19th century as separate categories. Documents on the colonial possessions of various European states can be found both under the heading of the motherland and under their own headings (Australia, South Africa), but for reasons of content not all documents filed under the "country headings" were classified in the holdings E 40/14 or E 40/18. If the files did not contain any general political or interdepartmental matters, they were classified in the holdings E 40/54 - E 40/78. Dr. Kurt Hochstuhl began the formation and archival cataloguing of the holdings, which was later continued by the undersigned. The newly formed stock now comprises 540 tufts or 6.21 linear metres of shelving. Stuttgart, February 2011Johannes Renz b) nationality mark: A]Austria [AUS]Australia [BG]Bulgaria [BIH]Bosnia-Herzegovina [BR]Brazil [CH]Switzerland [CHN]People's Republic of China [CZ]Czech Republic [DK]Denmark [DZ]Algeria [E]Spain [ET]Egypt [F]France [GB]Great Britain and Northern Ireland [GEO]Georgia [GR]Greece [H]Hungary I]Italy [IND]India [IR]Iran [IRL]Ireland [J]Japan [MA]Morocco [NL]Netherlands [PE]Peru [PL]Poland [PY]Paraguay [RA]Argentina [RO]Romania [RUS]Russia [SYR]Syria [TR]Turkey [UA]Ukraine [USA]United States of America

Contains among other things: Foundation of the Association for the Study of Railway and Mining Issues in Schantung Reports on travels by Kaumi-Itschoufu Statutes of the Schantung Railway Company and Statutes of 1913 and Building and Operating Concession

Contains among other things: Report on the development of steam trawling in Japan Preliminary talks on the establishment of a deep-sea fishing company in Tsingtau

Pregnancies and childbirth. - 25th anniversary of the reign of the emperor and king of Prussia. - Friedrichs marriage to Adelheid v. Lippe-Biesteritz. - Intercession for the German troops fighting in China (Boxeraufstend). - Intercession for the German troops who were sent there because of the uprising in Deutsch-Südwestafrika (1904).

Correspondence on administrative and organisational issues; correspondence on patients and staff; draft for the foundation of e. Missionsärzte-Verband, 1921; annual reports and minutes of the annual meetings, 1921-1928; Dr. Olpp: Ärztliche Mission in China, especially in Canton, 6 p., Dr.., 1922; draft e. Abkommens zwischen RMG u. DIFÄM, 1922; Statungen d. Tübinger Missionsärzte-Verein, 1922; Dr. Roemer: Lebensfragen für die Weiterentwicklung d. ärztlichen Mission, 14 p., Dr., 1928; Dr. Johannsen: Stand der ärztlichen Mission in den Bataklanden, 6 p., ms., 1928; Dr. Olpp: reprints of various medical treatises, 1928-1929

The first preparatory correspondence from the years 1876ff. for the initiation of a dogma-free mission and the first discussions of the association in the religious-church newspapers and magazines has been handed down (from the preface by Wolfgang Eger, 1981). Extensive material is also devoted to the founding conference in Frankfurt/M. on 11 April 1883, the constituent assembly in Weimar on 4 and 5 June 1884, the first period of the association from Weimar to Mannheim (1884-1885) and from Gotha to Braunschweig (1886-1887) as well as the winning of the Grand Duke of Weimar as protector of the association.The first president of the East Asia Mission, the Swiss priest Ernst Buß from Glarus, stated on the occasion of the foundation of the Mission in his welcoming speech in Weimar in June 1884: "...But now also in the soul of the heathen, although often very atrophied, lie germs and remnants of eternal truth and healthy religious life, which are intimately related to the spirit of the Gospel. If these are lovingly chosen, this is taken up and the Gospel is brought close to the Gentile in such a way that he feels: that is my own better self, that is only the full height and beauty of what I myself suspected and sought for, but was not able to find! Then the Gospel will find receptive ground, then it can take root in the people's minds, then it will bring forth the blessed fruits of the Spirit in Asia and Africa as well as in us. But once the spirit of Jesus Christ has penetrated the heart of a people, this spirit will already create for itself the worship and ecclesiastical forms that are appropriate to it on that ground, perhaps quite different from what we are accustomed to, perhaps more exuberant, perhaps more poorer - God does not demand that all his children stammer the father's name with the same sounds - but at any rate folksy ones that correspond to the national character. But if they are popular forms, they will also exert a popular attraction and facilitate the connection. Christianity, far from being denationalized, becomes itself a national element, a leaven that gradually permeates an entire people, can educate entire peoples from within to Christian morality..." The draft statutes of the Association (1883-1884) and the statutes adopted in 1886, the minutes of meetings of the Central Committee, the Business Committee, the General Assembly, staff meetings and house conferences, as well as the first statutes of branch associations, are available.The General Evangelical-Protestant Missionary Association regards mission in the non-Christian world as an undeniable duty of the whole Christianity, founded in the command and promise of Jesus as well as in the divine destiny of Christianity, and therefore has the task of contributing to its part so that the redemption through Jesus Christ, the blessings of Christian knowledge of God, Christian life and Christian culture more and more become the common property of all peoples.He recognizes in the non-Christian religions with Paul and the most outstanding church teachers of the first centuries of the Christian calendar germs of divine truth and sets himself the goal of their development and completion in the Christian religion. He wants to solve his tasks in the sense of the Evangelical-Protestant faith and in doing so gives room to every conviction that has grown on the basis of the Gospel of Jesus Christ. On this basis it seeks the union and collaboration of all those who are permeated by the need for mission in the spirit of the Gospel and the Reformation, whatever their theological direction or confessional and ecclesial denomination.He complements the already existing Protestant mission associations by considering the mission areas which have not yet been tackled by them, or have been tackled only with little success, and by seeking primarily also to involve those circles of Protestant Christianity in the mission work which have so far kept themselves away from it, so that the mission ceases to be only the work of a small fraction of the church".Also available are the documents for the foundation of a missionary library (1887), the establishment of a scholarship (1887), the "third" association period from Braunschweig to Zurich (1887-1888) and the following annual meetings.The first annual report by Ernst Faber from Shanghai (1887) and the reports on the Faberhospital, on building and property issues, school facilities, on the occupation of the parish office of the German Protestant congregation in Shanghai, Tsientsin, Beijing and Tokyo, on the time of the First World War and National Socialism and on the time after 1945 are particularly interesting material. Finally, there are the minutes of the Tsingtau College of Missionaries, the negotiations on the construction of a student residence in Tokyo (1965), extensive documents on the connections to the Swiss East Asia Mission, to the national associations - with the conference reports of the national associations - and to the national churches.The medical mission in China, which began in 1902, is documented with remarkable hospital reports from Kaumi, the Faber Hospital, Tsining and Tsingtau (wish hospital), as well as more recent material on contacts with Japanese in Germany. Again and again financial, asset and property issues in Germany and in Mission, including German-Japanese study projects, are on record, as is the connection to Kyodan, to the Working Communities for World Mission and Ecumenical Mission (e.g. to the Japan Committee of German Missions).Classification Group 3 contains the correspondence with the mission inspectors and missionaries, doctors, nurses and other DOAM staff, arranged in alphabetical order. Of particular interest are the letters of Ernst Faber from Shanghai and Hong Kong from 1884ff. Often the application, employment and mission documents of the mission staff are also available. The numerous activity and situation reports, which were regularly sent to the Heimatleitung, provide interesting insights into the often renouncing and endangered missionary work. In this department the various advertisements, newsletters, pamphlets, travel activities, construction and financial planning, conferences represent a focal point. Some unpublished manuscripts and sermons deserve special attention in addition to the printed material in the archive.in classification group 2 materials on the mission locations and stations have been handed down. Documents about the German Protestant congregation in Shanghai (1886ff.) together with its statutes, about the German Protestant congregation in Tokyo (1884ff.) together with statutes, church building, German and theological school (also in Yokohama), about the Tokyo station, the new building of a student dormitory in Tokyo are available as well as materials about Tsingtau with the Faberhospital, the school and the reports about the political unrest there (1927ff.).), the Kyoto station with the preaching stations Osaka and Suzuki, the prisoner of war chaplaincy during and after the First World War, the fire of the German Protestant Church in connection with the great earthquake of 1923, as well as the Kiautschoumission, the Fukuoka House and the Tomizaka Seminar House. Often the personnel documents of the missionaries are also available again or supplement the corresponding documents of Group 2, so that the files of Divisions 2 and 3 are to be consulted for all personnel questions.The extensive Group 4 comprises all accounting, cash and property documents of the East Asia Mission. The first account books date from the years 1889ff. Invoicing documents, e.g. of the station cash registers, can also be found in group 3. the group V mentioned by Wolfang Eger at this point (photos, clichés, glass slides) has meanwhile been divided and assigned to other stocks (180.06., 180.07.). Group VI (books, periodicals, printed publications), which was created in the first indexing phase, was formed to 180.08..

Contains among other things: Information from Ulrich Rauscher on the conditions for the takeover of "März", 7.11.1916; letter from a civilian prisoner from the Indian concentration camp Ahmednagar, 15.10.1917; plan for the foundation of an "International Newspaper" 1921/22; submission by the Association of German Newspaper Publishers on the situation of the German press, 26.1.1921; petitions against the classification of the city of Pfullingen in place class C, Febr. 1922 and against the decree of the Reich Chancellor concerning the liquidation of French private property in Germany, July 1917; communication of Conrad Haußmann to Max Warburg for the election of the German envoy in China, n.d. (Early 1920?) Report to the Prime Minister of Württemberg, von Weizsäcker, on a meeting on 2 October 1914 with the Reich Chancellor, 12 October 1914; R e i c h s k o l o n i a l a m t responded to the complaint of an intern, previously a civil servant resident in Duala, Cameroon, about his salary, 8 October 1914.6.1917; Contestation of the Schultheiss election in Wildbad because of the ballot papers used, 1922; Memorandum on the necessity of the freight reduction for food, no. D. (Early 1920?)

Findbuch: 4745 AE = 1816-1976; unlisted: 20 lfm files as well as approx. 500 maps and plans The company, founded in 1717 at the latest, was traditionally strongly export-oriented in its traditional business of knife and scissors production. The main markets were Holland and Belgium, and since the end of the 19th century also overseas markets. The focus here was on the colonial areas of Asia, at the latest with the establishment of a branch in Buenos Aires in 1908, but trade with South America also experienced a significant upswing. However, the development of North American, African and other European markets failed. After the First World War, the company invested in its own drop forge, which also allowed it to act as a supplier to domestic industries. At the peak of its development, Herder employed around 450 factory workers and salaried employees as well as about the same number of home workers. Herder retained its character as a manageable and probably conservative family business until the end, which was unable to diversify any further apart from the production of drop forgings. In 1993 the company finally had nothing left to oppose the intensifying price competition on its traditional markets towards the end of the 20th century: It filed for bankruptcy after the traditional knife and scissors production had already been sold. The focus of overdelivery is on relationships with suppliers and customers. The network of business partners, the focus of which was the Herder company, and the transformation of this network over the decades become recognisable. Documents on the company's internal relations, work organisation, cost calculations, etc., on the other hand, are only sparsely available.

Contains: Länderkundliche Arbeitsgemeinschaft, Ortsgruppe Leverkusen-Küppersteg Führung, 1937; Landesstelle der Reichsvereinigung Deutscher Lichtspielstellen, Cologne "Questionnaire for the future members of the Reichsvereinigung Deutscher Lichtspielstellen e. V., Berlin und ihrer Landesverbände" for the purpose of obtaining membership, o.D.; Rheinische Landesbildstelle, Cologne Loan of ethnological films for the promotion of the Winterhilfswerk, 1934; Lepper, W., Honnef Taxation of an amphora; Lettow-Vorbeck, Ada von, Neckargemünd Photos of crosshairs from the works of Willi Foy, 1937; Lieverwirth, O.H., Kaiserslautern Acquisition of ethnographic collections from Dutch East India; Lippmann, Martin, Frankfurt Collection activity for the Rautenstrauch-Joest-Museum on his expedition to South Nigeria, 1935; Lohbeck, Ernst, Wesel Acquisition of ethnological photos; Lübbert, Konteradmiral, Berlin Acquisition of a "Neumecklenburg-Schnitzerei, 1936; Ludwig, Julius, städt. Deputy, Cologne planned special exhibition for the year 1936 on the occasion of the Olympic Games, 1936; 1st "Wajang", shadow play, batik and magnificent weapons from Java 2. bark fabrics from all over the world 3. ikat and other fabrics from Indonesia. Zöhrer, Dr. Ludwig G.A., Vienna Lecture in Cologne about his trip to the Tuareg in 1935, 1937; Mexican Consulate, Cologne (Consul Leopold Kiel) Special exhibition "Arts and Crafts of the Mexican Indians", 1935; National Socialist German Workers' Party, local group Köln-Zollstock Dienstbefreiung für den Pg. Josef Kessel sen. für Wahlvorbereitungen, 1936; Baumgarten, Letterhead: Nationalsozialistischer Deutscher Studentenbund (N.S.D.St.B.)), Cologne Leave of absence from the museum service for the management of training camps of the N.S.D.St.B. from May to August 1934; Neuerburg, Heinrich "Haus Neuerburg", Cologne Loan of 5 ship models for the exhibition "Schiff und Schiffahrt", 1935; Neuss, Waler, Honnef Donation of a Finnish wedding ring, 1937; Nordische Gesellschaft Köln Lecture events of the Westkontor; therein: Lecture programme for the Kontore, 2 p., 1934; founding of an association to support the Düsseldorf museums; information about the association to support the Rautenstrauch-Joest-Museum regarding its founding. Number and social status of the members, use of membership funds, 1933; Chief President of the Rhine Province (Haake, Chairman of the Association of Rhineland Local Museums), reorganization of the association in organizational and statutory terms, 1934; Pressler, C.W., Berlin, purchase of an Indonesian collection, 1934; Kameradschaft 1. Oberrh. Infantrie-Regiment 97, Cologne, leadership; therein: Invitation of the comradeship to the monthly compulsory meeting on March 14.1936; theme of the lecture by Captain Schröder: Own experiences in war and peace in our former colony Deutsch-Ost-Afrika; 1936; Reichsarbeitsdienst, Dienstabteilung 3/212 Kevelaer Dienstabteilung 3/212 Radevormwald, provision of ethnographics for the decoration of the team rooms, 1936; Reichs- und Preußischer Minister für Wissenschaft, Erziehung und Volksbildung, Berlin Runderlaß wegen unentgeltlichen Eintritts für Provinzialkonservatoren und selbständige Kunstwissenschaftler zu den Museen, 1935; Reichsnährstand, Landesbauernschaft Rheinland, Bonn Description of the traditional costumes in the district of Cologne, 1935; Reichspostdirektion Köln Establishment of a special post office in the Rautenstrauch-Joest-Museum on the occasion of a stamp exhibition and the special show: "Ethnology and Stamps", 1937; Reichs-Rundfunk G.m.b.H., Reichssender Köln Radio report on the 30th anniversary of the Rautenstrauch-Joest-Museum on 12.11.1936; Giant, Günther, Lord Mayor, Cologne Invitations to exhibitions of the Rautenstrauch-Joest-Museum, 1933-1936; Rodens, Franz, Cologne Agreement with Andreas Scheller on a report in the Westdeutscher Beobachter on Cologne museums and especially on the Rautenstrauch-Joest-Museum, 1933; Söderström, Jan, Furuberg, Sweden Information on Ethnographika, 1934-1936; Scheller, Maria, Cologne Replacement of two by their deceased spouse (Andreas S., Cologne); The German writer, Günther, and the German writer, Günther, are the first to be informed about the history of the Rautenstrauch-Joest-Museum.), 1932-1933; Schoeller, Mrs. Hugo, Düren, acknowledgement of receipt for the donation of the New Guinea collection of her mother Mrs. Geheimrat Peill, 1933; Pater Schüttler, Missionshaus Knechtsteden, loan of ethnographics for an Angola exhibition, 1937; Stagma (Staatlich genehmigte Gesellschaft zur Verwertung musikalischer Urheberrechte), Cologne, copyright claims for the works of art lent out on 2 January 1933; Pater Schüttler, Missionshaus Knechtsteden, 1933; and the collection of the works of art lent on 2 December 1933.3.Works performed in a concert in 1932, lawsuit, court summons; 1933-1934 Stollenwerk, Karl, Monschau Literatur zur Rassenforschung, 1935; Stotzenbrug, Liese, Essen Ankauf Peruischer Trinkgefäße, 1936; Väth, Felix, Mainz Ankauf Südamerikanischer Ethnographika, 1934; Haake, Heinz, Landeshauptmann (Chairman of the Verband der rheinischen Heimatmuseen) Dissolution of the association and its organs in its present form, scheduling of a constituent meeting of the association in its new form, 20.6.1934; West German Observer G.m.b.H., Gauverlag der NSDAP Köln-Aachen darin: Die Völker der deutschen Kolonien in Afrika - Special exhibition in the Rautenstrauch-Joest-Museum, 1 p., maschrftl., copy; Die Völker der deutschen Kolonien in Afrika - Visits the special exhibition in the Rautenstrauch-Joest-Museum, 1 p., maschrftl., copy; A life as a researcher in New Guinea. Lecture: Pater Franz J. Kirschbaum "Sprachen, Kulturen und Geisterkult bei den Eingeborenen Nord-Neuguineas", 3 p., maschrftl., copy, 1936; Reichsrundfunk-Gesellschaft, Reichssender Köln u.a. Lectures by Andreas Scheller about sports competitions of non-European peoples (during the Olympic Games) 1936; Zollamt Köln duty free import of ethnographics, 1937 old signatures: 35.

Contains among other things: Project for the establishment of a company for the smelting of zinc, lead, antimony and sulphur in Tsingtau by the "East Asian Study Syndicate" (foundation of the companies Beer, Sondheimer und Co., Frankfurt/M.; Carlowitz und Co., Hamburg; Reimers und Co., Bremen), 1914 contract for the transfer of Tsingtau to the Japanese army (transcript), 1915 "The Chino-Japanese Negotiations. Chinese official Statement with documents and Treaties with Annexures, Beijing 1915 (print) Der Handel Tsingtaus vor und nach dem Kriege (publication of the Japanese military administration, copy), 1916 "Ist die Rückgabe Tsingtaus vom wirtschaftlichen Standpunkt notwendig oder zweckmäßig" (English version of a German memorandum), 1919 "Forderungen Deutschlands wegen Kiautschaos auf der Friedenskonferenz" (elaboration of the Reichsmarineamt, print), 1919

Contains: 1. letter to Count Hatzfeld about the foundation of a South American trading company, 1883; 2. foundation of a South American colonization company by Prof. Ernst Hesse, Leipzig, 1883,1887; 3. project of the foundation of a colony New Germany by Dr. Bernhard Förster in Paraguay; suicide of Förster, 1883, 1885-1889; 4. letter of the German ambassador in Brazil, Holleben, about the conditions in Paraguay, 1884-1886.

Includes: 1. project to establish a land acquisition company in Mexico, 1889-1890; 2. project of a German colony in the Mexican province of Chihuahua, 1893-1894.

Contains: 1. individual correspondence on Brazilian affairs, 1884-1891; 2. information trip by Professor Keller-Lenzingen, Stuttgart, to Brazil on behalf of the Colonial Society to examine the conditions of settlement; reports by Professor Keller; letters of recommendation for the Nuncio in Brazil and the Emperor of Brazil from Cardinal Gustav zu Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst; requests from Keller for assistance in finding a suitable position or for use in the service of the Colonial Society, 1885-1887; 3. information trip by Professor Keller-Lenzingen, Stuttgart, to Brazil on behalf of the Colonial Society to examine the conditions of settlement; 4. letters of recommendation for the Nuncio in Brazil and the Emperor of Brazil from Cardinal Gustav zu Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst; requests from Keller for assistance in finding a suitable position or for use in the service of the Colonial Society, 1885-1887; 4. Reports by Jorge Jenckner on the journey undertaken in part with Keller-Lenzingen, 1886-1887; 4th exploratory journey by Dr. Hermann Soyaux to Brazil, 1885-1887; 5th exploration trip by Dr. Hermann Soyaux to Brazil, 1885-1887. Correspondence with the half-brother of the Emperor of Brazil Baron de Capanéma, director of the Brazilian Telegraph Company, about possible land assignments of the Brazilian government to the Kolonialverein, 1885-1887; 6th foundation of a company for German settlement in South America "Herman", 1886-1894.

The series consists of a variety of photographic material relating to Nauru, Ocean Island, Christmas Island and British Phosphate Commissioners (BPC) property in Australia. The British Phosphate Commissioners mined phosphate on Nauru and Ocean Island and acted as managing agent on Christmas Island, also mining there, on behalf of the Christmas Island Phosphate Commission (CIPC) [CA 6799].

The series provides an informative photographic record of the settlements and total mining operation on each island. It includes places of interest, scenery, terrain, towns, land and sea and air transport, mining plant and activity. There are photographs of workers, management, island administrators, visitors and events of particular significance. The construction of new houses, office and administrative buildings, wharves, cantilevers and the reconstruction following Japanese occupation of some islands is depicted.

Some items in the series were created by BPC staff as a direct record of the Commission's activities. Other collections were acquired from time to time from visitors to the island and, in one instance, from a journalist - Mr Thomas J. McMahon, who wrote articles about the islands. Others which date from before the formation of BPC were acquired from the previous mining companies and provide an extensive record from the time when phosphate mining on Ocean Island was first investigated.

Under the BPC the Engineer on each island was responsible for the total island's operation and would arrange for photographs of the area under his jurisdiction. These were sent to Melbourne and placed in standard albums as the 'official' photographs. These albums were green for Nauru, brown for Christmas Island and burgundy for Ocean Island, leather bound, with the island name and volume number embossed on the spine. The photographs are mostly secured inside the albums, numbered and annotated. In many cases a list of contents is held inside the cover of each volume. Other volumes of varying size have mainly brown or black cardboard covers. The run of official photographs is now held as R32/1. Negatives identified as relating to them are located in R32/10 although the collection is not complete. Copies of some prints were mounted in a separate run of albums now held as R32/12.

Other material in this series includes loose black and white and colour prints, negatives, slides and transparencies on a variety of subjects. These have been grouped by National Archives into consignments relating to particular islands or are grouped by media. Prior to the cessation of the BPC's phosphate mining in July 1981, and in anticipation of the transfer of records, the photograph collections were brought together by the BPC Librarian into the one series, the volumes being arranged by single number runs under each island, and the previously unnumbered volumes, numbered from 101. Following the initial collation of the photographs other books and individual prints have been found and added to the collection.

Originally five consignments of this series were transferred to the custody of National Archives, the first containing the albums. Once in custody, certain negatives in consignments 5 and 6 were found to be silver nitrate. Accordingly, all negatives in these consignments were removed, and those confirmed as nitrate were isolated and copies made. The original nitrate negatives were destroyed and the copies relocated in the present consignment 9. The other, non-nitrate, negatives were placed in the present consignment 6.

Further arrangement and description of this series was undertaken by National Archives which resulted in a reordering of its items. The present division of items and the allocation of consignments of this series is as follows:
R32/1 Official photograph albums
R32/2 Christmas Island photographs - loose
R32/3 Nauru photographs - loose
R32/4 Ocean Island photographs - loose
R32/5 Sundry photgraphs - loose
R32/6 Black and white negatives - general and those removed from
items in R32/3 and R32/5
R32/9 Copies of nitrate negatives removed from items in R32/3
to R32/5
R32/10 Black and white negatives of photograpns in items of R32/1
R32/11 Black and white glass negatives
R32/12 Copies of photographs in items of R32/1
R32/13 Full page negatives of photographs from albums CIPC 1-10 and CIPC NN from R32/1
R32/14 Individual negatives of photographs from albums CIPC 1-10 and CIPC NN from R32/1
R32/15 Individual negatives of photographs from albums CIPC 1-10 and CIPC NN from R32/1 (second copy, identical to R32/14)
R32/16 Copy prints of photographs from albums CIPC 1-10 and CIPC NN from R32/1
Note that there are no consignments 7 or 8. As at November 1994 there were item lists for all the consignments listed above except R32/9.

Items in R32/1 and R32/12 have retained, as much as possible, their original control symbols prior to their renumbering by the BPC Librarian. As there is not a comprehensive system of arrangement for the entire series, control symbols in the form of single numbers with alpha prefixes have been imposed on most items to form discrete sequences for each consignment. Items in consignment 2 have been allocated a C prefix for Christmas Island, those in 3 an N prefix for Nauru, in 4 an O prefix for Ocean Island, in 5 an S prefix for Sundry, and 11 a G prefix for Glass Negative. Items in consignment 6 have been allocated a prefix of NEG for Negative where the negatives could not be identified as applying to prints in other consignments. However, where negatives were removed from items in other consignments to be relocated in consignment 6 they have retained the control number of their item of origin. That is, negatives removed from item [S24] of R32/5 are similarly identified as item [S24] in R32/6. In the same way, where items in consignment /10 have been identified as pertaining to items in R32/1 they have been assigned the control symbols of those items in R32/1.

In the years 2002-2003 extensive preservation work was carried out on photographs in R32. Loose photographs in consignments 2, 3, 4 and 5 were placed into archival quality image portfolios, while photographs in consignments 1 and 12 were removed from their original albums and placed in image portfolios also.

On the fairground of Toma at the foot of the Varzinberg near Herbertshöhe: Ceremony for the 25th anniversary of the foundation of Deutsch-Guinea. The foundation stone of a Bismarck tower was laid on the square / Photographer: Scherl

Reports by Doctor Frobenius, A. Hoffmann, W. Diehl, A. Wullenkord, G. Eiffert and others; Situation plan of Bogadjim, 1909; "Gründung u. Entwicklung der Station Bogadjim", 13 p., ms., by W. Diehl, 1912

Missions-Kirchenordnungen, Dr., 1869, 1875 o.J.; Agreement on the transfer of the Hakka Mission (China) to Berlin, 1882; Negotiations on a joint teacher training institution and on the ordination of colored helpers in Africa, 1903; Negotiations on the coordination of the work at the Cape, 1904; Report on the death of Insp. Sauberzeig-Schmidt in Hong Kong, Dr., 1906; J. Neitz: Report of a journey to Samuel Maherero, 13 p., 1907; Foundation of church coffers in China, Vorschlag Glüer, 1907; Satzung d. Berliner Missionsgesellschaft, Dr., 1907; Die Aufsicht über die Missionsarbeit d. Berliner Mission, 18 p., ms., ca. 1908; Admission of Miss. Behrens/Hermannsburg, 1913; Reports of fights in Tsingtau, 1914; Vertraul. Report on obstruction of missionary work by World War I, 18 p., ms., 1915; conflict with P. Theo. Fliedner/Madrid, 1920; What still holds us to the pagan mission today, pamphlet, ca. 1920

Correspondence about cooperation on mission fields and in the field. Heimat; Zur Gründung d. chinesisch-lutherischen Kirche, 1921; Handover f. Mission Lectures for the centenary celebration of the Berlin Mission, Dr., 1924; Negotiations for the joint operation of a secondary school in Canton, 1926; Negotiations for the assumption of homeland work in the church district of Ballenstedt, 1930; Contact to the Berlin Women's Mission Federation, 1930

Contains among other things: Articles of Association; rules of procedure for the Supervisory Board, 1907; balance sheets; newspaper reports; construction documents; cost estimates; exposé on the founding of a roller skating rink establishment in the Festhalle (page 19); catalogue on the International Exhibition for Travel and Tourism, Berlin 1911; holding an aircraft show 1911 in the Festhalle Frankfurt Contracts with tenants, associations, etc..: C.P. Crawford and F.A. Wilkins in Liverpool, 1909 (pp. 20) Bockenheimer Gymnastics Community, 1909 (pp. 21) International Exhibition of Sports and Games Association, 1909 (pp. 22) Frankfurter Schützenverein, 1910 (pp. 22a) Nassauischer Landesobst- und Gartenbauverein in Geisenheim, 1910, with brochure (pp. 22a) 23-23a) International Chefs' Association, 1909 (pp. 24) Arena Frankfurt a.M. GmbH / Arena Gesellschaft mbH, 1910 (pp. 26), 1912 (pp. 85) Verein der Hundefreunde in Frankfurt, 1910 (pp. 29) Emil Goll, 1910 (pp. 30), 1911 (pp. 55), 1911 (pp. 61), 1912 (pp. 61), 1912 (pp. 24) Arena Frankfurt a.M. GmbH / Arena Gesellschaft mbH, 1910 (pp. 26), 1912 (pp. 85) 82-83), 1913 (pp. 106, 108) Artillerie-Verein Frankfurt, 1910 (pp. 31) Gewerkschaftskartell Frankfurt, 1910 (pp. 32), 1911 (pp. 47), 1911 (pp. 58), 1912 (pp. 86), 1913 (pp. 93) Brieftaubenverein Union Frankfurt, 1911 (pp. 46) Vereiniger ehemaliger China- und Afrikakrieger und Angehöriger Deutscher Schutztruppen Frankfurt, 1911 (pp. 106, 108) Artillerie-Verein Frankfurt, 1910 (pp. 31) 45) Executive Committee of the 28th Bundestag of the German Cyclists' Federation in Frankfurt, 1911 (p. 48) Innkeeper and restaurateur Gustav Thieme, 1911 (p. 51) Allgemeiner Staatseisenbahnverein in Frankfurt, 1911 (p. 52), 1912 (p. 52). 84) Club of German and Austrian-Hungarian Poultry Breeders in Braunschweig, 1911 (p. 53) Frankfurter Frauenclub, 1911 (p. 54) Kaufmann Emanuel Tausinger, owner of the concert agency Emanuel Tausinger, Berlin, 1911 (p. 56) Vereinigte Kriegervereine Frankfurt, 1911 (p. 56) 57) Arbeiter-Sängerbund Frankfurt, 1912 (p. 59) Director Georg Hölscher in Berlin and Paull Schwarz in Zehlendorf-Berlin, 1911 (p. 60) Rudolf Schäfer in Frankfurt, 1911 (p. 62), 1913 (p. 92) Committee for the organisation of the Kunst- und Kunstgewerbeausstellung Frankfurter Künstlerinnen, represented by Ms. L.v. Schauroth, 1911 (p. 66) Professor Arthur Volkmann in Frankfurt, 1911 (p. 67) Association of Dog Enthusiasts in Frankfurt, 1911 (p. 69), 1913 (p. 91) Association of Frankfurt Sports Clubs, 1912 (p. 70) Main Committee of the Spiritual Music Festival Charwoche 1912 Frankfurt, 1912 (p. 70) 72) Kaufmann Max Birkenmayer in Berlin, 1912 (p. 75) Verein der Blumengeschäftsinhaber und der Handelsgärtnerverbindung Frankfurt, 1912 (p. 76), 1913 (p. 100) Komitée zur Veranstaltung einer Portrait-Ausstellung, 1912 (p. 77) Hartmann

Explanation: When the North German Confederation was founded, the postal system was organised as a unified state transport authority with the simultaneous disappearance of the territorial postal institutions. Bremen received a federal post office. In 1871, postal sovereignty was transferred to the German Reich. In 1874, the Reichspostverwaltung appointed Bremen as the seat of an Oberpostdirektion, which became the medium Reichspostbehörde. In addition to the territory of Bremen, its area of responsibility included the part of the administrative district of Hanover on the left bank of the Weser, parts of the administrative district of Stade and the administrative district of Thedinghausen in Brunswick. Until the First World War she was also responsible for the postal services in German New Guinea, on the Caroline Islands, Mariana Islands, Palau and Marshall Islands and Samoa. From 1934-1945 the Oberpostdirektion was called Reichspostdirektion Bremen. In 1943 it also took over the district of the Oldenburg management, which had until then been independent, and which included the Weser-Ems district. The privatization of Deutsche Bundespost was initiated in 1989, and in 1990 it was separated into the postal service and telecommunications divisions at OPD. At the end of 1992, the Postal Directorate was divided into the Postal Service and Telecommunications Directorates. Since 1995 they have been part of Deutsche Post AG and Deutsche Telekom AG. Lit.: Christian Piefke, Die Entstehung der Oberpostdirektion Bremen, in: Postgeschichtliche Blätter aus der Weser-Ems-Gebiet, Vol. 1, H. 1, 1955, S. 2-3; Werner Guddat, 100 Jahre Oberpostdirektion Bremen, Leer 1974; Theodor Windmann, 100 Jahre Oberpostdirektion Bremen, in: Postgeschichtliche Hefte Weser-Ems, Vol. 1, 1955, S. 2-3. 4, H. 4, 1973, p. 77-84; Johannes Rust, Die Postgeschichte des Bezirks der Reichspostdirektion Bremen für den Kriegsjahre 1939-1945, Bremen 1949; K. Johanns, Die ersten Schritte. Attempt to reconstruct postal conditions in the Reichspostdirektions district of Bremen after the end of the Second World War until the resumption of limited correspondence on 1 July 1945, in: Philatelie und Postgeschichte, 20, No. 89, 1986, p. 1-19; Alexis Wegener, Die Post in Bremen und Bremerhaven 1945-1964, in: Wachsende Städte an der Unterweser, 1965, p. 88-96; Der OPD-Bezirk Bremen, in: Zeitschrift für das Post- u. Fernmeldewesen, 7 (1955), p. 41-53; Oberpostdirektion Bremen (ed.), Oberpostdirektion Bremen im neuen Haus, Bremen 1985; Herbert Leclerc, Von Apia bis Yap. Former German postal institutions in the South Seas, in: Archiv für deutsche Postgeschichte 1982, pp. 7-32; Fritz Thole, Die Leiter der Oberpostdirektion Bremen, in: Postgeschichtliche Blätter aus dem Weser-Emsgebiet, vol. 1, H. 1, 1955, p. 3, H. 3, 1956, p. 29-38, vol. 2, H. 6, 1961, p. 118-119. Reference: Christian Piefke, Die Entstehung der Oberpostdirektion Bremen, in: Postgeschichtliche Blätter aus der Weser-Ems-Gebiet, vol. 1, H. 1, 1955, p. 2-3; Werner Guddat, 100 Jahre Oberpostdirektion Bremen, Leer 1974; Theodor Windmann, 100 Jahre Oberpostdirektion Bremen, in: Postgeschichtliche Hefte Weser-Ems, vol. 4, H. 4, 1973, p. 77-84; Johannes Rust, Die Postgeschichte des Bezirks der Reichspostdirektion Bremen für die Kriegsjahre 1939-1945, Bremen 1949; K. Johanns, Die ersten Schritte. Attempt to reconstruct postal conditions in the Reichspostdirektions district of Bremen after the end of the Second World War until the resumption of limited correspondence on 1 July 1945, in: Philatelie und Postgeschichte, 20, No. 89, 1986, p. 1-19; Alexis Wegener, Die Post in Bremen und Bremerhaven 1945-1964, in: Wachsende Städte an der Unterweser, 1965, p. 88-96; Der OPD-Bezirk Bremen, in: Zeitschrift für das Post- u. Fernmeldewesen, 7 (1955), p. 41-53; Oberpostdirektion Bremen (ed.), Oberpostdirektion Bremen im neuen Haus, Bremen 1985; Herbert Leclerc, Von Apia bis Yap. Former German Post Offices in the South Seas, in: Archiv für deutsche Postgeschichte 1982, pp. 7-32; Fritz Thole, Die Leiter der Oberpostdirektion Bremen, in: Postgeschichtliche Blätter aus dem Weser-Ems-Gebiet, vol. 1, h. 1, 1955, pp. 3, h. 3, 1956, pp. 29-38, vol. 2, h. 6, 1961, pp. 118-119.

Mit Verordnung vom 1. März 1808 ging das bisher von den Fürsten von Thurn und Taxis als Reichsregal ausgeübte bayerische Postwesen an das neue Königreich Bayern mit allen Rechten und Pflichten über. Zwar wurden einige ehemals fürstliche Organisationsstrukturen zunächst in die bayerische Staatspost mit übernommen, jedoch fügte man die neue Postverwaltung sehr schnell in die bereits unter dem Reformminister Freiherrn Maximilian Graf von Montgelas geschaffene hierarchische dreistufige Behördenstruktur ein. 1. Behördengeschichte Auf zentraler Ebene wurde die Postverwaltung dem Außenministerium zugewiesen. Als Ersatz für die in Regensburg angesiedelte Generaldirektion der Posten gründete man am 16.9.1808 als unmittelbar dem Außenministerium zugeordnete Postbehörde die Generaldirektion der Posten (später Postsektion), die 1817 von der Generaladministration der Posten abgelöst wurde. Während die Postsektion die inneren Angelegenheiten der neuen bayerischen Staatspost regelte und als vorgesetzte Behörde für die Oberpostämter fungierte, die in ihrer Zuständigkeit immer wieder den neuen Gebietserwerbungen (1810 Salzburg, 1814 Würzburg) angepasst wurden, war das Außenministerium für alle grundsätzlichen Angelegenheiten der Post nach innen und außen als höchste Instanz zuständig. Anlässlich einer Neuorganisation der bayerischen Ministerialverfassung, kam das Postwesen, "welches Teile des Staatsvermögens verwaltet", als fiskalische Einnahmequelle zusammen mit allen anderen wesentlichen Einrichtungen für Staatseinnahmen von 1826 bis 1832 zum Finanzministerium. Diese Zuordnung wurde aber bereits zum 1. Januar 1832 wieder zugunsten des Außenministeriums verändert und bevor das Postwesen von 1848 bis 1871 zum am 1. Dezember 1848 neu gegründeten Ministerium für Handel und öffentliche Arbeiten kam, unterstand es noch einmal in den Jahren 1847 bis 1848 für knapp zwei Jahre dem Finanzministerium. Im Handelsministerium vereinigten sich erstmals die behördlichen Zuständigkeiten für das rasch wachsende Eisenbahnnetz in Bayern, die ebenfalls seit 1848 stärker expandierende Postverwaltung und die beginnende Telegraphentechnik. Dem Handelsministerium war allerdings keine allzu lange Lebensdauer beschert und mit dessen Auflösung am 1. Januar 1872 kam die Staatspost mit allen nach geordneten Behörden erneut zum Ressort des Außenministeriums. Mittlerweile kümmerte sich die bayerische Staatspostverwaltung zusätzlich zur bereits etablierten Telegraphentechnik um die flächendeckende Einrichtung von Telefonanlagen. Aufgrund der raschen Ausdehnung der modernen Verkehrs- und Kommunikationstechniken vereinigte man am 1. Januar 1904 schließlich das gesamte Verkehrswesen einschließlich der Post im neu geschaffenen Bayerischen Verkehrsministerium I (MV I). Die grundsätzliche Zuständigkeit des Außenministeriums für das Postwesen endet mit diesem Datum, wenngleich insbesondere hinsichtlich der Beziehungen zu den anderen Staaten des Deutschen Reiches und zum Ausland auch weiterhin in diesem gegenüber dem königlichen Haus und nach außen mit umfassender Zuständigkeit ausgestatteten Ministerium Angelegenheiten der Post bearbeitet wurden. Nach der Verreichlichung des gesamten Bahn- und Postwesens im Jahr 1920 und der damit verbundenen Auflösung des Verkehrsministeriums zum 1. April 1920, war für das Postwesen auf Länderebene jetzt das Ministerium für Handel, Industrie und Gewerbe (1919-1928) und dessen Nachfolgebehörden zuständig: zunächst das Wirtschaftsministerium (1933 bis 1945), dann das zweite bayerische Verkehrsministerium (MV II) (1946-1952) und ab 1952 wieder das Wirtschaftsministerium. 2. Bestandsgeschichte und archivische Bearbeitung Der hier erstmals provenienzgerecht rekonstruierte Bestand zum Postwesen setzt sich aus zwei Teilen zusammen: 1. Akten des ehemaligen OPD-Archivs und aus dem Bestand Handelsministerium (Repertorium MH 5) Der erste Teil besteht zu einem kleineren Anteil aus Archivalien, die bisher nicht provenienzgerecht im Repertorium MH 5: Verkehrswesen innerhalb des Archivbestandes Handelsministerium (MH) erschlossen waren (275 Akteneinheiten) und durchgehend der Provenienz Außenministerium (MA) zuzuordnen sind. Wichtig ist in diesem Zusammenhang, dass die Laufzeiten dieser Postakten auch außerhalb der oben genannten eigentlichen Zuständigkeitszeiträume des Außenministeriums liegen. Der größere Teil des ersten Findbuchabschnitts entstammt mit insgesamt 1056 Akten dem ehemaligen Archiv der Oberpostdirektion München (OPD-Archiv oder auch Postarchiv) und zwar den OPD-Verzeichnissen 2, 6, 7 und 19. Die Entstehung des Postarchivs der Oberpostdirektion München steht im Zusammenhang mit der Tätigkeit der kurz nach der Verreichlichung der Post im Jahr 1920 gegründeten Gesellschaft zur Erforschung der Bayerischen Postgeschichte. Im Jahr 1922 entstand diese Gesellschaft in enger personeller und sachlicher Anlehnung an das für Bayern zuständige Referat 7 bzw. (ab 1924) 6 des Reichspostministeriums, das im ehemaligen von dem Architekten Karl Hocheder erbauten bayerischen Verkehrsministerium in der Arnulfstraße installiert war. Dort lagerten seit 1907 in den Speichern und Kellern des großen Komplexes viele seit der Gründung der bayerischen Staatspost immer wieder aufgrund veränderter Zuständigkeiten fort geführte Post-Registraturen der unterschiedlichen bayerischen Ministerien und Zentralbehörden. Das Interesse der Gesellschaft zur Erforschung der bayerischen Postgeschichte richtete sich grundsätzlich auf alle Archivalien mit Bezug auf das bayerische Postwesen, so auch auf die reponierten Registraturarchive der bayerischen Staatspost im Reichspostministerium in München. Man begann die Akten zu erfassen und auszuwerten und rettete sie im Jahr 1945 zusammen mit den nach 1920 entstandenen Beständen des Reichspostministeriums nach der kriegsbedingten teilweisen Zerstörung des ehemaligen Verkehrsministeriums in die Räume der ebenfalls in der Arnulfstraße untergebrachten Oberpostdirektion München. Dort entstand zusammen mit den dort bereits verwahrten alten Beständen des ehemaligen Oberpostamts und der Oberpostdirektion München ein behördenübergreifendes Spartenarchiv für das bayerische Postwesen. Nach mehreren Umzügen des OPD-Archivs innerhalb Münchens erfolgte im Jahr 1985 die Auflösung dieses behördlichen Spartenarchivs mit dem Ziel, die Bestände nach ihren unterschiedlichen Provenienzen aufzuteilen und zu erschließen. Alle reichsbehördlichen Provenienzen (Verzeichnisse 14 und 17) wurden direkt an das Bundesarchiv abgegeben. Die Unterlagen der bayerischen Mittel- und Zentralbehörden sowie der Ministerien kamen zunächst ins Staatsarchiv München. Dort wurden die in "Verzeichnisse" gegliederten Akten analysiert und je nach Provenienz an die Staatsarchive Augsburg und Nürnberg sowie schließlich das Bayerische Hauptstaatsarchiv im Jahr 1999 abgegeben. 2. Akten zum Postwesen aus den Repertorien 1-40 des Außenministeriums (virtuelle Ergänzung) Im zweiten Teil (Gliederungspunkt: Außenministerium, Bde. 1-38) ist dem vorliegenden Findbuch eine nach aufsteigenden Nummern erstellte virtuelle Übersicht derjenigen Postakten hinzugefügt worden, die nicht als stabile Registraturkörper in das OPD-Postarchiv gelangt sind, sondern in den Registraturen des Außenministeriums verblieben und zu unterschiedlichen Zeitpunkten an das ehemalige Geheime Staatsarchiv in München ausgesondert wurden. Die im Jahr 1999 an das Bayerische Hauptstaatsarchiv abgegebenen circa 14.000 Akten der für die Post zuständigen Zentralbehörden sowie der Ministerien wurden in den Jahren 2004 bis 2011 vollständig nach Provenienzen analysiert und in einer FAUST-Datenbank der Staatlichen Archive Bayerns erfasst. Die Analyse- und Erschließungsarbeiten der Akten für das vorliegende Repertorium leistete Edeltraud Weber, bei der Erfassung unterstützt von Dr. Ulrike Claudia Hofmann und den Praktikanten Astrid Riedler und Nina Siegert. Eine zunächst ins Auge gefasste Überlegung, die zwischen 1808 und 1904 entstandenen Ministerialakten, die eindeutig den Charakter einer stabilen Registratur aufweisen (gleiche Zuständigkeit, Beibehaltung von Aktenordnungen, weitergeführte Akten zum Teil über mehrere Ministerialzuständigkeiten hinweg, durchlaufende Bandserien) in einem Bestand zusammenzufassen, wurden nach Abwägung der Vor- und Nachteile zugunsten einer strengen Provenienzbildung für alle für das Postwesen zuständigen Ministerien aufgegeben. 3. Gliederung, Inhalt, Querverweise und Literatur Die innere sachthematische Gliederung des Findbuchs, die von einem Orts- und Personenregister ergänzt wird, lehnt sich nur teilweise an die alten, in den fast 100 Jahren der wechselnden Zuständigkeiten, mehrfach veränderten Registraturordnungen an. Insgesamt wurde nach heute angewandten Grundsätzen und im Zusammenhang mit den zu erwartenden Inhalten der anderen provenienzreinen Bestände aus dem OPD-Postarchiv strukturiert. Alte Registratur- und Archivsignaturen sowie Anmerkungen zu übergreifenden Bestandszusammenhängen sind aus Gründen der Erhaltung der besonderen Bestandsgeschichte des Postarchivs in der FAUST-Datenbank so weit wie möglich festgehalten und können dort eingesehen werden. Alte Ortsnamen wurden entsprechend den Erschließungsrichtlinien der Staatlichen Archive Bayerns im Betreff beibehalten und im Ortsnamenregister in die heutige Schreibweise umgewandelt. Das Außenministerium befasste sich in erster Linie, wie bereits erwähnt, mit dem internationalen Post- und Telegraphenverkehr, Postverträgen und Postverbindungen über Bayern hinaus mit den Nachbar-, Bundes-, später Reichsstaaten und dem nahen und fernen Ausland. Nach innen behielt es sich aber auch im Benehmen mit seinen Zentralbehörden das letzte Wort vor bei Postverordnungen, der grundsätzlichen Ausgestaltung der Posttarife, der Einteilung der Postbezirke auf mittel- und unterbehördlicher Ebene, der Errichtung und Schließung von Poststationen, Postverbindungen und Postdistanzen, in Angelegenheiten der Postregie (Briefgeheimnis, Reklamationen, Dienstvergehen) und des Personal-, Witwen und Armenwesens sowie in Angelegenheiten der militärischen Post- und Telegraphennutzung (Feldpost). Entsprechend dieser Zuständigkeit findet sich in diesem Findbuch ein Querschnitt der inneren und äußeren Postorganisation Bayerns bis zum Jahr 1904. Neben der grundsätzlichen Neuorganisation der Post im Rahmen des Übergangs der Post der Fürsten von Thurn und Taxis und mehrerer mediatisierter Erwerbungsgebiete an den bayerischen Staat, schlagen sich im Bestand technische Neuerungen in der Telegraphen- und Kraftposttechnik (Postkutschen, Eilwägen, Eisenbahnwesen, Telefon, Rohrpost, Motorpost) ebenso nieder wie die Anfänge und die Einbindung Bayerns in den internationalen Post- und Telegraphenvereinen, die Konferenzen dieser Organisationen und die mit mehreren oder einzelnen Ländern und Bundesstaaten ausgearbeiteten Vertragswerke. Die Vertragspartner reichen dabei von den Nachbarstaaten bis nach Übersee und Asien. Neben zahlreichen Einzelfallakten zur Errichtung von Post- und Telegraphenstationen und über die Gewährung von Portofreiheiten und Postkutschenfreifahrten, die im 19. Jahrhundert einen breiten Raum in der Postorganisation einnahm, finden sich grundsätzliche Informationen zum Tax-, Porto- und Tarifwesen und zum Postsparkassen- und Postscheckverkehr, der vor allem nach dem Beitritt Bayerns zum Reich ausgebaut wurde. Unter den Archivalien zur von der Post durchgeführten Zeitungsspedition finden sich auch Informationen über verbotene und zensierte Druckschriften sowie als Akten-Beilagen einige Erstausgaben von Zeitungen. Die Einrichtung der ersten Telefonanlagen in Ludwigshafen und München in den Jahren 1882 bis 1883 ist dementsprechend im Bestand dokumentiert. Viele dieser Aktengruppen und auch Bandserien setzen sich entsprechend der wechselnden Zuständigkeiten auf Ministerialebene beim Finanz- Handels- und Verkehrsministerium fort oder werden später bei den immer wichtiger werdenden Post- und Telegraphenzentralbehörden fortgeführt (Stationsakten vor allem bei der Direktion und der Generaldirektion der Posten und Telegraphen). Dies gilt es, vor allem bei ortsbezogenen Forschungen zu beachten. Aufgrund der vielen Bearbeiter und der Größe des Gesamtbestandes weist das Findbuch unterschiedliche Verzeichnungsintensitäten und Betreffsformulierungen auf, deren redaktionelle Angleichung nicht immer möglich war. Das Findbuch enthält Verweise auf Vor- und Nachbände, so weit dies rekonstruierbar war. Weitere Bestände zum Postwesen im Bayerischen Hauptstaatsarchiv: - MA 40: Postsektion beim Außenministerium (Generalpostdirektion 1808-1817) Zentralbehörden - Generaladministration der Posten 1 (1818-1847) - Generaldirektion der Verkehrsanstalten 1 (1868-1886) - MF 30: Postwesen (1826-1832, 1847-1848) - MH 8: Postwesen (1848-1871) - MV I 1:Postwesen (1904-1920) - Generaldirektion der Posten und Telegraphen 1 (1886-1907) - Fiskalat der Verkehrsanstalten 1 (1851-1905) Bundesarchiv: Fast alle ministeriellen Unterlagen ab dem Jahr 1912 liegen im Bundesarchiv in den Abteilungen für das Deutsche Reich in Berlin und für die Bundesrepublik in Koblenz. Literaturauswahl: Rückblick auf das erste Jahrhundert der Königlich Bayerischen Staatspost: 1. März 1808 - 31. Dezember 1908: mit einer Darstellung der Entwicklung des staatlichen Telegraphen- und Telephonwesens bis in die Gegenwart, hrsg. von der Königlich Bayerischen Post- und Telegraphenverwaltung, Staatsministerium für Verkehrsangelegenheiten, München 1909. Kalesse, Claudia: Postagenten, Schwarzsender und Sommerreisen. Geschichte der Post in Schwaben zwischen 1808 und 1945, Augsburg 2003. Karl-Heinz Friedrich: Der Bestand R 4701 Reichspostministerium, Teil 1: Geschichte und Aufgaben der Post, in: Mitteilungen aus dem Bundesarchiv, Heft /2010, 18. Jahrgang. Karin Amtmann: Post und Politik von 1808 bis 1850. Der Weg der königlich-bayerischen Staatspost in den Deutsch-Österreichischen Postverein, in: Miscellanea Bavarica Monacensia, hrsg. von Richard Bauer und Ferdinand Kramer, Bd.. 181, München 2006. Joachim Helbig: Bayerische Postgeschichte 1806-1870. Grundlagen zur Interpretation altdeutscher Briefe, München 1991. Transportieren, Telegraphieren, Telefonieren - Pionierleistungen der Bayerischen Staatspost. Eine Ausstellung des Bayerischen Hauptstaatsarchivs. Bearbeitung und Konzeption: Edeltraud Weber, mit einem Vorwort von Gerhard Hetzer. Staatliche Archive Bayerns (Hrsg.), Kleine Ausstellung Nr. 45, Neustadt a .d. Aisch 2014, 116 S. * Verordnungsblatt und Anzeigenblatt der königlich bayerischen Verkehrsanstalten, München