Fonds BArch, RL 40 - Reichsamt für Wetterdienst and subordinated area (inventory)

138 Aufbewahrungseinheiten

Reichsamt für Wetterdienst und nachgeordneter Bereich, 1934-1945

History of the Inventory Designer: With the "Ordinance for the Reich Weather Service" of 6 April 1934, the responsibility for the weather service, which until then had mainly been the responsibility of the Länder, was transferred to the Reich Minister of Aviation. The weather service comprised the flight, economic, sea, high altitude and climate weather service. The research and teaching tasks performed by the universities remained unaffected by this. The Reichsamt für Flugsicherung was given the designation Reichsamt für Wetterdienst (RfW) by ordinance of 28 November 1934. He was responsible for the operational, technical and scientific management of the Reich Weather Service. The RfW was subordinate to Division LB 3 (Reichswetterdienst) of the General Air Office in the Reich Aviation Ministry (RLM). With the beginning of the war, the "Chef Wetterdienst" (Chief Weather Service) was created at the Luftwaffe General Staff. Most of the tasks of the LB 3 department in the Reich Aviation Ministry were transferred to the Chief Weather Service, among others: - Organisation, operational and technical management of the weather service, - management of weather intelligence in cooperation with the chief of the intelligence unit, - deployment of personnel according to operational needs, - cooperation with weather services of other parts of the Wehrmacht and other states. Division LB 3 of the General Air Office retained the following tasks: - personnel administration including training, - development and supply of weather service equipment, - operating regulations. The Reichsamt für Wetterdienst with its observatories and research centres and the Deutsche Seewarte remained subordinated to the LB 3 department. The Institute for Long-term Weather Forecasts has been assigned to the Chief Weather Service. In order to enable the Chief Weather Service to manage the weather service responsibly despite the division of responsibilities, he received the authority to issue directives to the General Air Office, Department LB 3. As part of the general cost-cutting measures, in 1944 the operational management and training were also transferred to the Chief Weather Service, and in January 1945 the personnel administration. Only the Reichsamt für Wetterdienst and the Deutsche Seewarte remained with the LB 3 department. In urgent cases, however, the Chief Weather Service was entitled, with the approval of Division LB 3, to give immediate instructions to these services. The weather school of the Reich Weather Service was founded in 1935. It was housed in the building complex of the Reichsamt für Wetterdienst. Your duties were: - training of meteorological staff, - refresher courses for meteorologists, - training courses for technical staff, - training courses for supplementary meteorologists, obtained from physicists and geographers of universities and schools. As a secondary purpose, a uniform mode of operation of all weather stations with regard to meteorological-synoptic term formation as well as entry and processing of weather charts should be achieved. In November 1944 the Reichswetterdienstschule was also subordinated to the chief weather service. Tasks of the departments of the Reichsamt für Wetterdienst Presidential Department: It dealt with all personnel and financial matters. Department I: She was responsible for the operational and scientific management of the climate service. The climate network was divided into five climate districts: Königsberg, Berlin, Münster, Dresden and Munich as well as air conditioning branch offices in Breslau and Stuttgart. All the observation material was collected, tested and processed at the services of the climate districts. This resulted in the monthly "Weather Report Services", monthly reports on precipitation and precipitation maps. The department also carried out research tasks on observation methodology, among other things. Division I was subordinate: - Meteorological observatories in Potsdam, Aachen and Wahnsdorf; - Agricultural meteorological research centres in Geisenheim, Gießen, Müncheberg and Trier; - Bioclimatic research centres in Bad Elster, Braunlage, Friedrichroda and Wyk/Föhr; - Mountain observatories on the Brocken, Feldberg, Fichtelberg, Kahler Asten, Kalmit as well as the Schneekoppe and Zugspitze; - 20 health resort climate circle sites. Department II: The tasks included the processing and evaluation of aerological and synoptic observational material from radiosonde, aircraft and captive balloon ascents as well as pilot soundings to supplement the Hollerith archive; the processing of flight climatologies and other reports for local weather characteristics; development of methods for the recording of spatial fields such as air masses, pressure, temperature, wind and water vapour. Division II was in charge: - Aeronautical Observatory in Lindenberg; - Aerological Observatory in Friedrichshafen; - From 1940: Cloud Research Centre Prague (emerged from the cloud physics department of the Aerological Observatory Friedrichshafen). Division III: It was responsible for the central control of the entire development of meteorological measuring instruments and new instrumental research methods, the procurement of the entire instrument requirements of the aeronautical meteorological service, the testing and calibration of the delivered equipment and its supply to the individual requirement points. In addition, the department was responsible for testing equipment and methods as well as training and retraining personnel in these equipment and methods. For development and testing as well as training and retraining she was directly assigned a radiosonde test platoon (mot.) and a Würzburgstellung with balloon troop. For the acceptance, testing and calibration of equipment, it had at its disposal, in addition to its own calibration group, the radiosonde test centre of the Reichsamt für Wetterdienst and the Aeroprüfstelle e.V. (Aeroprüfstelle). The meteorological state institutes in the occupied territories were incorporated into the Reichsamt für Wetterdienst as new branch offices, e.g. the Klimainstitut Minsk. Until 1945, the following branch offices were dissolved: - the Meteorological Observatories Aachen and Wahnsdorf, - the Aerological Observatory Friedrichshafen, - the Agricultural Meteorological Research Centres Geisenheim, Müncheberg and Trier, - the Bioclimatic Research Centres, - the majority of the spa climate district offices. The mountain observatories were reduced to purely synoptic reporting points and subordinated to the ground organisation of the military weather service in the individual air meadows. Inventory description: The existing archival material originates from two file returns from the USA. The first submission was made in 1968 to the Document Centre of the Military History Research Office, from where it subsequently reached the Federal Archives Military Archives. The return of files in 2004 was directly transferred to the Federal Archives Military Archives. The files previously held in the official printed matter (inventory: RLD 28) were transferred to the inventory. Characterisation of content: The holdings contain only splinter-like documents about the service in the Reichsamt für Wetterdienst and the subordinated observatories and research centres. The preserved documents on the construction and operation of precipitation measuring stations and meteorological stations in the area of the Air Force Command III/IV as well as in Alsace, Lorraine and Luxembourg should be emphasised. In addition, studies and elaborations on climatological and meteorological topics are available. Citation style: BArch, RL 40/...

Bundesarchiv (Archivtektonik) >> Norddeutscher Bund und Deutsches Reich (1867/1871-1945) >> Militär >> Reichswehr und Wehrmacht 1919 bis 1945 >> Luftwaffe >> Weitere nachgeordnete Einrichtungen

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https://invenio.bundesarchiv.de/basys2-invenio/direktlink/347185d2-4a7c-4649-9f14-2925954c33c8/

Fremde Archive: <br />
Deutsche Meteorologische Gesellschaft e.V., Fachausschuß Geschichte der Meteorologie (FA GEM)<br />
Bibliographische Angaben von Veröffentlichungen der FA GEM zur Geschichte der Meteorologie:<br /> http://www.dmgev.de/fachausschuesse/fagem/bibl_sammlung.html (Stand: 2006)<br />
Biographische Angaben über Meteorologen und Meteorologinnen aus dem deutschen Sprachraum:<br /> http://www.dmgev.de/fachausschuesse/fagem/findbuch_intro.html (Stand: 2006)
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Verwandtes Archivgut im Bundesarchiv: <br />
RL 2-II Generalstab der Luftwaffe / Luftwaffenführungsstab; hier: Chef Wetterdienst<br />
RL 2-III Generalstab der Luftwaffe / Generalquartiermeister; hier: 2. Abteilung (Organisation)<br />
RL 2-IV Generalstab der Luftwaffe / Kriegswissenschaftliche Abteilung<br />
RL 2-VI Generalstab der Luftwaffe / Oberkommando der Luftwaffe Süd<br />
RL 6 Chef der Luftwehr / Chef der Luftfahrt; hier: Allgemeines Luftamt, Reichswetterdienst<br />
RL 10 Verbände und Einheiten der Fliegertruppe der Luftwaffe, hier: Wettererkundungsstaffeln<br />
RL 28 Wetterdienste der Luftwaffe<br />
ZA 3 Operational History (German) Section der Historical Division der US-Army / Studiengruppe Luftwaffe<br />
MSG Militärgeschichtliche Sammlungen<br />
RL 2-II/356: Liste der Wetterdienst-Einheiten, 1944<br />
RW 6/144: Organisation der Luftwaffe, Febr. 1939 - Juni 1943<br />
R 5 Reichsverkehrsministerium (Abteilung Reich)
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Literatur: <br />
Dubois, Paul: Das Observatorium Lindenberg in seinen ersten 50 Jahren, 1905-1955, Offenbach 1993<br />
Endres, Robert: Zum Verbleib der Luftwaffenakten beim Zusammenbruch 1945 und danach, in: Militärgeschichtliches Forschungsamt (Hrsg.): 50 Jahre Luftwaffen- und Luftkriegs-Geschichtsschreibung, Freiburg 1970, S. 25-31<br />
Freyer, H.R.: We.F. - Wetterkunde-Fibel, Berlin 1935<br />
Fritz, Gerhard: Leitfäden für den Gebrauch an der Wetterdienstschule. Teil 5: Militärischer Wetterdienst, Berlin 1941<br />
Körber, Hans-Günther: Die Geschichte des Meteorologischen Observatoriums Potsdam, Offenbach 1993<br />
Körber, Hans-Günther: Die Geschichte des Preußischen Meteorologischen Instituts in Berlin, mit einem Ausblick auf die Nachfolgeorganisation, Offenbach 1997<br />
Kornrumpf, Martin: Der militärische Wetterdienst des Deutschen Reiches, Graefelding 1982<br />
Noth, Hermann: Wetterkunde für Flieger und Freunde der Luftfahrt, Berlin 1937<br />
Schulz, Gerhard: Die Arbeiten und Forschungsergebnisse der Wolkenforschungsstelle des Reichsamts für Wetterdienst in Prag, Bad Kissingen 1947<br />
Schwerdtfeger, Werner: Wetterflieger in der Arktis 1940-1944, Stuttgart 1982<br />
Teich, Martin: Das Wetter. Geheimsache im Zweiten Weltkrieg, Offenbach 1993<br />
Vocke, Ernst: Die Wetterflieger. Von Temp zu Temp - die Geschichte des Wetterfluges, Zweibrücken 2002<br />
Wege, Klaus: Die Entwicklung der meteorologischen Dienste in Deutschland. Selbstverlag des Deutschen Wetterdienstes, Offenbach 2002

Original description: Deutsche Digitale Bibliothek

http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/