Fonds - Rep. 3B Government Frankfurt (Oder)

History of Authorities<br /><br />1. General Overview<br />The Stein-Hardenberg Reforms Eliminated the Multitude of Authorities of the Premodern State Existing in the Old Territories in favor of Uniformly Organized Provincial Authorities. At the same time, judicial and administrative functions were also institutionally divorced. The Neumärkische Government, established in accordance with the ordinance of 26 December 1808, assumed the duties of the following Neumärkische authorities as of February 1809: the War and Domain Chamber, the Customs and Excise Directorate, the District Church Hall Directorate, and - as far as the administration of sovereignty, border and mercy matters was concerned - also the old government transformed into the Higher Regional Court. The new government thus merged the functions of all state administration departments into one authority, and there was no ministry from which it had not received instructions for certain lines of business. Only gradually did individual specialist authorities reappear alongside it at medium level, to which the government ceded certain areas of responsibility.<br />The structure and business area of the Frankfurt (Oder) government were the same as those of the Potsdam government. The shops were - at times alternating - assigned to different departments. However, the structure introduced in 1826 essentially remained in place until the authority was abolished. Four departments were established in 1826. In all departments, business was initially handled in a collegial manner, since 1881 in Department I, but since 1933 also in Departments II and III under the sole responsibility of the District President.<br />Reform projects to simplify and reduce the cost of administration, the reorganization of the administration in accordance with the National Socialist leader principle and making it available for the requirements of war preparation led to restructuring and changes in tasks since 1933, although a radical reorganization of the administration at the intermediate level did not take place until 1945. By the "Act on the Extension of the Powers of the Chief President" of 15 December 1933 and the "Second Decree on the Reconstruction of the Reich" of 27 November 1934, the Chief President received the right to issue instructions to the President of the Government, but thus did not become his superior. The far-reaching elimination of local self-government at provincial and district level also had a drastic effect. With the outbreak of the Second World War, the government was given additional tasks, especially in the area of war economy and social welfare. With the capture of Frankfurt (Oder) by Soviet troops in April 1945, the Frankfurt (Oder) government ceased to exist. Their duties, insofar as they were left in German hands, were assumed by the Mark Brandenburg Provincial Administration for the area west of the Oder and Neisse rivers, which was appointed by the Soviet occupying power on 5 July 1945. The parts of the administrative district on the other side of the Oder and Neisse rivers, the Neumark and the eastern parts of Lower Lusatia, fell to Poland as a result of the resolutions of the Potsdam Conference of 2 August 1945.<br /><br />2. Tasks in the Departments, Subordinate and Affiliated Authorities<br />The Department of Internal Affairs, since 1881 known as the Presidential Department, since 1933 as the General Department, dealt with and dealt with the following issues a. State sovereign matters, police matters in the narrower and wider sense, military matters, medical and veterinary matters, municipal, settlement and social affairs, commercial and industrial matters, the promotion of agriculture and agricultural and hydraulic engineering. Division I continued to deal with the presidential matters to be dealt with by the head of the authority, the organisational and personnel matters of the government and the supervision of the provincial councils.<br />In 1876, Division I handed over the road and shore construction matters to the newly established provincial self-government. Previously, in 1874 the administration of the river construction and the shipping police on the Oder were transferred to the chief president in Breslau, and finally in 1886 the hydraulic engineering administration of the middle Spree and the Friedrich-Wilhelm-Canal were transferred to the district president in Potsdam. In 1918, the supervision of the prisons located in the administrative district was transferred to the Attorney General of the Court of Appeal. The area of political police was taken over by the Frankfurt (Oder) State Police Station in 1933 (see Rep. 35 B Frankfurt State Police Station [Oder]).<br />In order to carry out its tasks, Department I made use of a wide variety of local authorities, such as the county councils and magistrates, the gendarmerie, the trade inspectorates, district doctors and district doctors, the State Building Offices, cultural construction offices, dyke associations and, since 1920, the land registry offices and state district treasuries.<br />The Department II for Churches and Schools carried out the tasks arising from the patronage of the sovereign in relation to the churches, insofar as the Consistory was not responsible. It was still responsible for the primary school system, which was supervised with the help of district school inspectors. Finally, the department administered (until it was taken over by the domain administration in 1943) the extensive land and forest holdings of the Cistercian monastery Neuzelle, which had been secularised after the transfer to Prussia in 1817, since the income of the monastery fund was not to flow into the general state budget, but exclusively for charitable and educational purposes. The administration of the monastery was served by the Neuzelle Rent Office and the Neuzelle and Siehdichum Stiftsoberförstereien in the subordinate authorities.<br />The Department III for Direct Taxes, Domains and Forests administered the fiscal revenues and the state agricultural and forestry properties. In particular, the number of Neumark domains, some of which had been sold after 1809 to cover war debts, had been considerably increased again in 1815 by the takeover of the former Order of St John estates and the estates of the abolished University of Frankfurt located in the district of Lebus. The domain administration was responsible for the domains and pension offices and the domain tenants. The forest administration, which became independent of the district president in 1934 as a government forestry office, was subordinated to forest inspections, regional forestry offices and forest funds. The remaining tasks from the administrative area of direct taxes had been taken over by Department I in 1920 after the transition to the Reich. In addition to domain administration, from 1933 the area of responsibility of Division III, which since then had been called the Agricultural Division, included only the agricultural and water management matters previously dealt with by Division I. The Department III was responsible for the administration of the domain.<br />The governments in the province of Brandenburg alone had special departments for indirect taxes attached to them as Department IV, whose tasks were assumed in 1876 by a Provincial Tax Directorate in this province (cf. Rep. 26E Provincial Tax Directorate).<br />Only temporarily, since 1840, the General Commission for the Neumark and Lower Lusatia was integrated into the government as an agricultural department. In 1873 it was made independent again and entrusted as the General Commission in Frankfurt (Oder) with the separation procedures in the entire province of Brandenburg (cf. Rep. 24 General Commission/Landeskulturamt).<br />The government of Frankfurt (Oder) was affiliated with various authorities: The District Council, formed in 1876 in implementation of the Provincial Order of 29 June 1875, acted as the decision-making authority for the administrative district of Frankfurt (Oder) in the supervision of local government, schools, road construction and other matters of general state administration. It was replaced in 1884 by the District Committee, which was merged with the District Administrative Court. The District Council or the District Committee was chaired by the District President (see Rep. 31B District Committee/District Administrative Court Frankfurt [Oder]). The Higher Insurance Office, affiliated to the government in 1912, was also under the chairmanship of the President of the Government. On the basis of the Reich Insurance Ordinance it acted as a higher decision-making and supervisory authority in matters of health, accident and disability insurance for the administrative district (cf. Rep. 49B Oberversicherungsamt Frankfurt [Oder]).<br /><br />3. In 1809 the administrative district<br />The administrative district initially comprised only the Neumark region, but after the Congress of Vienna it was considerably expanded in 1816 when the Prussian state was reorganized. The formerly Saxon parts of the country included the entire Lower Lusatia, the dominions of Doberlug and Sonnewalde, the offices of Finsterwalde and Senftenberg, the dominion of Hoyerswerda and the Prussian part of the Upper Lusatian district of Bautzen. The districts Cottbus and Lebus as well as the Beeskow dominion were added from the Kurmark, the Schwiebus district from Silesia and some estates of the Sagan district, the Schermeisel town from Poznan and some estates south of Bernstein from Pomerania. On the other hand, the Neumark rear districts of Dramburg and Schivelbein, which belonged to the administrative district of Köslin, and the northern part of the Arnswalde district, which belonged to the administrative district of Stettin, were separated. At the same time, the government moved its headquarters from Königsberg/Nm., where the Neumark state authorities had fled from the French-occupied Küstrin fortress, to the old trading and trade fair city of Frankfurt, which now formed the centre of the new administrative district. Since 1816 the authority no longer called itself the government of the Neumark and Lower Lusatia, but simply the government of Frankfurt.<br />The transfer of the area around Hoyerswerda to the district of Liegnitz in 1825 and the return of the Beeskow dominion to the Potsdam administrative district in 1836 did not result in any significant spatial loss. To this extent, the administrative district of Frankfurt (Oder) remained unchanged for a century. In connection with the changes in the dissolution of the neighbouring province Grenzmark Posen-Westpreußen in 1938 an exchange of territories with the administrative district Schneidemühl took place.<br />In 1816 the administrative district Frankfurt (Oder) was divided into the following districts: Arnswalde, Calau, Cottbus, Crossen, Frankfurt, Friedeberg, Guben, Königsberg, Küstrin, Landsberg, Lebus, Luckau, Lübben, Soldin, Sorau, Spremberg-Hoyerswerda, Sternberg, Züllichau-Schwiebus. After the transition of the district Hoyerswerda to the administrative district Liegnitz a district Spremberg remained since 1825. At the instigation of the estates, the Frankfurt district was dissolved in 1827 and the Küstrin district was reintegrated into the Königsberg/Nm. district in 1836. Since 1828, the capital of the administrative district has been the city of Frankfurt. In 1873 the district of Sternberg was divided into the districts of Oststernberg and Weststernberg. At the end of the 19th century, the industrial cities of Guben (1884), Cottbus (1886), Landsberg (Warthe) (1892) and Forst (1897) left the surrounding districts and formed urban districts. In 1938, the districts of Arnswalde and Friedeberg transferred to the administrative district of Schneidemühl, while the districts of Meseritz and Schwerin were taken over from there.<br /><br /><br />Environmental history<br /><br />The first deliveries from all departments of the government, barely exceeding 1840, had taken place between 1909 and 1913, and others shortly before the Second World War had reached the Secret State Archives. With the exception of the older deliveries of the church and school departments and the administration of the domains and forests, which are still in the Secret State Archives in Berlin-Dahlem today, the entire holdings were transferred during the war and were transferred to the BLHA in 1949. The authority itself also relocated various files to subordinate offices, where they were mostly lost in the course of the war. One exception was the teacher's personal files seized in the Havelberg Cathedral until the takeover in 1949. Insofar as no successor authorities were interested in the documents remaining in Frankfurt, they were lost to a considerable extent in 1945 and shortly thereafter. In 1949, the still extensive remains were moved to the newly built BLHA. Here all parts of the former government of Frankfurt (Oder) were combined and the entire holdings from 1951 to 1965 were sorted and listed with interruptions. The order was generally based on the 1932 structure of the authority, overcoming difficulties in properly bringing together the oldest and most recent traditions. Since the beginning of the 20th century, the government has been working on the dissolution of the central registries and, after office reform, experimented with the introduction of a decimal system.<br />After the evaluation of individual partial stocks, finding aids replaced the finding indexes with the initial title entry from the 1970s onwards. The development of the finding aids for the partial collections continued well into the 1980s. The cataloguing of uniform subject groups (naturalisations, housing loans), which were initially stored in an orderly manner without any distortion, could only be started at the end of the 1990s and concluded with the transfer of the finding aids to the archive database. Since 2010, the complete index data from the finding aids has been available in the archive database.<br />In addition to the older records of the church and school departments and the Department for Domains and Forests kept in the Secret State Archive of Prussian Cultural Heritage, the Polish State Archives in Stettin also contain files of the Frankfurt (Oder) government on senior foresters in the Arnswalde district and on road-building matters in the Friedeberg district (cf. Szczecin State Archives - Guide to the holdings up to 1945, edited by Radoslaw Gazinski and others, Munich 2004, p. 86 f.).<br /><br />Subdivision of holdings<br /><br />>In the result of the archival order, the total records of the authority were subdivided into partial holdings:<br />Documents from Department I (Presidential Department, General Department) in the partial holdings:<br />- I President: Presidential registration<br />- I Pol: Police matters<br />- I St: Statistics and regional studies, nationality and civil status<br />- I Mil: Military affairs<br />- I Med: Medical affairs<br />- I Vet: Veterinary affairs<br />- I Com: Municipal affairs<br />- I SW: Social and welfare affairs<br />- I Hb: Building construction affairs<br />- I S: Settlement and housing affairs<br />- I E: Expropriations<br />- I V: Traffic<br />- I HG: Trade and industry<br />- I L: Agriculture<br />- I W: Cultural and hydraulic engineering, electricity and shipping police<br />- I KR: Cash and Accounting Matters<br />- I Cat: Cadastral Matters<br />- I Pers: Personnel Files<br /> Documents of Department II (Church and Education) in the Substocks:<br />- II: Church and Education<br />- II New Cell: Abbey Administration Neuzelle<br />- II Pers: Teacher Personnel Files<br /> Documents of Department III (Direct Taxes, Domains and Forests) in the Substocks:<br />- III D: Domain registration<br />- III F: Forest registration<br />- III F Pers: Personnel files of the Forestry Administration<br />- The tradition of maps and plans of the Potsdam government is summarized in the map collection:<br />- Rep. 3B Government Frankfurt (Oder) - Maps

Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv (Archivtektonik) >> Provinz Brandenburg 1806/16-1945 >> Regierungsbezirk Frankfurt (Oder) >> Regionalbehörden

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