History of the authorities: The territorial reorganization of Germany by Napoleon almost doubled the territory of the former margraviate of Baden between 1803 and 1810. In 1803 it was elevated to the status of electorate and in 1806 to that of grand duchy. This made it necessary to restructure and standardize the administrative structures of the administratively heterogeneous state. The organizational edicts issued between 1806 and 1809 divided the Grand Duchy of Baden into 66 provincial and 53 municipal offices. The offices of the rank were abolished until 1849 or converted into the offices of the sovereign. The number of district offices in Baden was significantly reduced by mergers and abolitions in the course of the 19th and 20th centuries.Originally, the district offices were purely state authorities and as such were primarily responsible for general state administration and for state supervision of the activities of municipal administrations in their respective districts, but they were also responsible for the police and - until the establishment of their own court organisation in 1857 - the judiciary, in particular civil justice. The district office Lahr belonged to the Kinzigkreis. The administrative reform of 1832 replaced the meanwhile remaining six district directorates as central authorities by the district governments of four districts and allocated the administrative district of Lahr to the Middle Rhine District. In 1864 these four districts were dissolved and the district offices were directly subordinated to the Ministry of the Interior. At the same time the Grand Duchy was divided into eleven district associations as local self-governing bodies without state tasks, and the district of Lahr became part of the district of Offenburg. The district offices and district associations were combined into four state commissioner districts for the purpose of handling state administrative supervision. At their head was a state commissioner with a seat and vote in the Grand Ducal Ministry of the Interior. The district office Lahr was assigned to the Landeskommissärbezirk Freiburg. 1864 established district federations were abolished 1939 and the districts were renamed starting from 1 January into districts; their leaders carried already since 1924 the title district administrator. The district administrations thus became a mixed construction of state administration and local self-administration. In the Nazi dictatorship, however, their formally maintained powers of self-administration existed only on paper, since the decision-making and decision-making powers were transferred from the district assembly to the district chairman appointed by the Ministry of the Interior, who was assisted by three to six district councils only in an advisory capacity. When the administration was reorganised after the end of the war in 1945, legal supervision of the districts, which continued to perform state functions but now really also became local self-governing bodies with democratic legitimacy, was initially transferred from the state commissioners to the (southern) Baden Ministry of the Interior. After the formation of the federal state of Baden-Württemberg, it was replaced by the Regional Council of South Baden as the central authority for the administrative district of South Baden. The district area reform in Baden-Württemberg, which came into force on 1 January 1973, brought an end to the administrative district of Lahr, whose towns and municipalities were incorporated into the Ortenau district. Inventory history: Before the beginning of the registration work, the files of the Lahr District Office were distributed among the following holdings:a) B 717/2, /3, /4, /5, /6, /7, /8, /9, /10, /12 and B 720/1 b) E 25/1 c) G 16/1, /2, /5, /6, /7, /8, /9, /11, /12 and S 40/1.Initially, the stocks mentioned under a) were combined to form stock B 717/2 (new). In the process, foreign provenances with a term ending after 1806 and before 1952 were taken and assigned to other holdings of the Freiburg State Archives according to their provenance. Thirdly, the files from the holdings mentioned under c) were incorporated into B 717/2 (new) with the provenance Bezirksamt/Landratsamt Lahr. The S 40/1 holdings were completely integrated into B 717/2 (new), and files from all three groups were separated and transferred to the General State Archive Karlsruhe or to the Ortenau District Archive for reasons of responsibility. In justified exceptional cases, e.g. when the proportion of written documents created after 1952 in a file was limited to a few documents, files with a term beyond 1952 also found their way into B 717/2 (new).Information for use:The sale of real property and company winding-up occurring in the holdings are often coercive measures as a result of the so-called "Ordinance on the Use of Jewish Property".Concordances in the printed version of the finding aid book for B 717/2 (new) show all pre-signatures of the individual files. The pre-signature 1 contains the last signature used in the Freiburg State Archives before the new indexing and the pre-signature 2 the penultimate signature used in the Freiburg State Archives or the signature formerly used in the Karlsruhe General State Archives. The present holdings were recorded by Corina Giesin, Edgar Hellwig, Annika Scheumann, Anja Steeger and Christof Strauß. Christof Strauß was responsible for the planning, organisation and coordination of the work, final correction and final editing of the finding aid was carried out by the undersigned. The stock B 717/2 comprises 9259 fascicles and measures 70.60 running metres Freiburg, July 2013.

Authority history: After the appointment of district school councillors in eleven district school districts for the middle school supervision in Baden in 1864, the district of Emmendingen belonged to the district school district of Freiburg and then, with effect from 24 June 1882, after the establishment of 13 district school visits, to the district school visitation district of Lahr. Emmendingen became the seat of a middle school supervision authority with the establishment of 18 school districts in Baden with effect from 1 October 1904. The districts of Emmendingen, Ettenheim and Waldkirch belonged to his district. On 1 May 1924 a new division into 14 school districts took place, among them the Emmendingen school district with the official districts of Emmendingen, Lahr and Waldkirch. As a result of the Act on the New Division of the Internal Administration and the State Ministerial Development of 7 November 1936, the school districts were reorganised with effect from 1 December 1936. The districts of Emmendingen and Lahr belonged to the district of Emmendingen after the dissolution of the Waldkirch office. 5 May 1964, the law on the standardisation and organisation of the school system, which came into force on 1 April 1965, turned the district school offices into state school offices, and the district school office into the state school office of Emmendingen.By ordinance of the state government of Baden-Württemberg on the seats and districts of the secondary school offices and the state school offices of 6 November 1973, which entered into force on 1 January 1974, the state school office in Emmendingen was dissolved and the district of Emmendingen was assigned to the state school office in Freiburg. Inventory history: In 1972, the Emmendingen State Education Authority delivered 36.0 m without a list of deliveries. files to the Freiburg branch of the General State Archive in Karlsruhe. The files formed the inventory "Staatliches Schulamt Emmendingen 1972/6". A paper repertory for a part of the general and local files, made by Dr. Werner Baumann, existed, as far as the undersigned remembers, already in 1974. Further organizing work on the stock in the magazine was carried out by the undersigned or under her supervision before 1980. The aim was to improve the usability of even the unlisted files by separating the various file groups: General files, local files, school service files, personal documents, teacher personal files. The personal files were classified in the L 50/1 - Personal files of teachers I under the numbers 12.908-13.393. In addition, the external sources "Bezirksbauinspektion Emmendingen", "Bezirksschulamt Molsheim" and "Kreisschulvisitatur/Kreisschulamt Lahr" were taken from the file groups of the former holdings "Schulamt Emmendingen 1972/6" to form the following holdings: G 220/1 (Generalia), G 220/2 (local files), G 220/3 (personal documents), G 220/4 (school records), Dr. Werner Baumann and inspector candidate Daniel Stihler made the file title recordings of the present inventory. The files come from two different layers of registry. This resulted in the creation of two main groups "Old Registry Plan" and "New Registry Plan" and within these main groups the classification according to the classification scheme of the respective registry plan. The undersigned was unable to determine when and why a new registry plan was introduced. After random checks, individual documents dating from 1948 were already handwritten - probably subsequently - with the new registration marks, namely with a Roman numeral in lower case that deviated from the old registration plan. The different main groups are marked with a capital letter on the file covers, and the signatory completed the process. The Findbuch was compiled with the help of the archiving program MIDOSA 95.Freiburg, January 1999Erdmuthe KriegThe present Findbuch was transferred to the archiving system SCOPE in June 2008 by the archive employee Jennifer Rißmann within the scope of the work emphasis of the conversion of handwritten and typewritten documents. In the process, the formerly separate groups of files were brought together again, with the exception of the holdings G 220/2 (local files). The existing holdings now include the former holdings G 220/1, G 220/3 and G 220/4. The holdings G 220/1 - Schulamt Emmendingen now include 228 numbers in 4.2 m. Freiburg, in July 2008Kurt Hochstuhl

History of the authorities: By decree of the Reich government of 21 March 1933, a special court was formed for each district of the Higher Regional Court. The special court responsible for the Karlsruhe Higher Regional Court district was installed at the Mannheim Regional Court. These special courts were given criminal jurisdiction for offences under the "Ordinance of the Reich President for the Protection of People and State", which had been issued in reaction to the Reichstag fire of 27 February 1933 and which formed the legal background to the wave of arrests, particularly against Communists. In addition, the special courts were responsible for the offences according to the so-called "Heimtückeverordnung", which was cast into legal form in December 1934 under aggravation of the threat of punishment. Originally limited to purely "political" offences, special jurisdiction was extended in 1938 to include areas of "normal" crime. With a decree issued at the beginning of the war in 1939, any offence could be brought before a special court if "public order and security were particularly seriously endangered by the offence". New penal regulations also followed with the beginning of the war. The most important are briefly mentioned here:1. the "Kriegssonderstrafrechtsverordnung" of 17 August 1938 concerned the offences "Wehrkraftzetzung", "Wehrdiensttziehung" and "Selbstverstümmelung", which - depending on the severity of the offence - were placed under death penalty.2The "Ordinance on Extraordinary Broadcasting Measures" of 1 September 1939 punished the listening of foreign broadcasters with imprisonment, in severe cases with the death penalty.3 The "War Economics Ordinance" of 4 September 1939 punished black slaughter, food card fraud and similar offences.4The "Verordnung gegen Volksschädlinge" of 5 September tightened the penal provisions for property offences if the offence was committed "by exploiting the state of war" or "the healthy feeling of the people" "required" this.5 The "Verordnung zum Schutz gegen jugendliche Schwerverbrecher" of 4 October 1939 also made it possible to pronounce the death penalty against criminals who were only 16 years old.6The "Ordinance against Violent Criminals" issued on 5 December 1939 made it possible to impose death sentences for any type of capital crime.All these ordinances led to a tremendous increase in the workload in the Special Courts.Further Special Courts were therefore established, including the Special Court Freiburg im Breisgau from 1 November 1940, which was responsible for the Regional Court districts of Freiburg, Constance, Offenburg and Waldshut. The specially established public prosecutor's office at the Freiburg Special Court initiated more than 1,000 proceedings in the four and a half years up to April 1945. Of these, the records of 727 cases have been preserved. Most of the proceedings, about 30 of which were opened on the basis of the "Heimtückegesetz", were followed by "Kriegswirtschaftsverbrechen" with 23 The proceedings on the basis of the "Volksschädlingsverordnung" comprised 12 the so-called "Rundfunkverbrechen" 14
ller cases.literature:Hans Wüllenweber: Special courts in the Third Reich. Forgotten crimes of justice. Frankfurt a.M. 1990.Michael P. Hensle: The death sentences of the Special Court Freiburg 1940-1945. Munich 1996.Michael P. Hensle: Radio crime. Listening to 'enemy stations' in National Socialism. Berlin 2003: Inventory history: The present inventory was delivered in 1975 (receipt 1975/10-II) by the public prosecutor's office in Freiburg. At the beginning of the 90's the documents were indexed with the help of the archiving program MIDOSA by ABM forces in terms of content and with a place and person index, and in 1996 made available to the users as finding aid of the state archives Freiburg the MIDOSA data of the existence were converted in the year 2005 into the MIDOSA95 format; the existence were revised even by the undersigned in the years 2006 and 2007 and provided with a subject index on the basis of the regulations quoted above. The data was then transferred to the archive management program SCOPE-Archiv of the Landesarchiv Baden-Württemberg. The stock was organized according to the crime scene, the alphabet of names, and the duration of the investigation. 2,427 order numbers in 20.4 m were now included in the stock. The following order numbers are not assigned: 17, 1000, 1195, 1773-1778. The indices refer to the order number Freiburg, in August 2007 Kurt Hochstuhl.

History of the authorities: After the National Socialists seized power, special courts were added to the existing criminal courts on the basis of the decree of the Reich government of 21 March 1933 (RGBl. I p. 136). The legal basis for this was Chapter II of Part Six of the 3rd Ordinance of the Reich President of 6 October 1931 on Securing the Economy and Finance and Combating Political Violence (RGBl. I p. 565). The special courts were formed for the Higher Regional Court districts and were composed of a chairman and two assessors. The special court rulings were not subject to appeal. By decree of 27 March 1933 on the formation of special courts (Bad. Justizministerialblatt Nr. 6 vom 28.3.1933, p. 47), Mannheim was designated as the seat of the special court for the Karlsruhe Higher Regional Court district. The public prosecutor's office at the Mannheim Regional Court was the prosecuting authority. The registry of the Mannheim Regional Court was also the registry of the Special Court. The allocation of business to the Special Court was made by the President of the Long Court. With effect from 1 November 1940, a separate special court was formed at the Freiburg Regional Court for the districts of Freiburg, Constance, Offenburg and Waldshut. The jurisdiction of the special courts was generally governed by the following provisions:1. § 8 of the Law against Betrayal of the German National Economy of 12.6.1933 (RGBl. I p. 360);2nd Ordinance of the Reich President for the Protection of People and State of 28.2.1933 (RGBl. I p. 83);3rd Ordinance of the Reich President for the Defence against Insidious Attacks against the Government of the National Survey of 21.3.1933 (RGBl. I p. 135);4. law against insidious attacks on state and party and for the protection of party uniforms of 20.12.1934 (RGBl. I p. 1269);5. law for the guarantee of the right peace of 13.10.1933 (RGBl. I p. 723);6. law for the protection of the party uniforms of 13.10.1933 (RGBl. I p. 723);6. law for the protection of the party uniforms of 20.12.1934 (RGBl. I p. 1269) 134 b Reichsstrafgesetzbuch according to the ordinance of the Reich government of 24.9.1935 (RGBl. I p. 136);7. § 134 a Reichsstrafgesetzbuch according to the ordinance of the Reich government of 5.2.1936 (RGBl. I p. 97);8. ordinance of 20.11.1938 (RGBl. I p. 1632) for crimes that belonged to the jurisdiction of the jury court or a lower court if immediate conviction appeared necessary;9th Ordinance on Extraordinary Broadcasting Measures of 1.9.1939 (RGBl. I p. 1683);10. § 1 of the War Economy Ordinance of 4.9.1939 (RGBl. I p. 1609);11. § 1 of the Ordinance Against Popular Pests of 5.9.1939 (RGBl. I p. 1679);12. §§ 1, 2 of the Ordinance Against Violent Criminals of 5.12.1939 (RGBl. I p. 2378);13. § 239 a Reichsstrafgesetzbuch;14. Law against road theft by means of car traps of 22.6.1938 (RGBl. I p. 651);15. § 5 of the War Special Criminal Law Ordinance of 17.8.1938 (RGBl. I p. 1455): according to decree of the Reich Ministry of Justice of 27.5.In 1940, after the jurisdiction of the Wehrmacht courts to convict civilians for criminal offences under § 5 of the War Special Criminal Law Ordinance had been transferred to the general courts, the prosecuting authorities were instructed to bring charges before the Special Court in all significant cases.16Furthermore, charges could be brought before the Special Court for violations of the Act Implementing the Four-Year Plan of 29 October 1936 and of the Ordinance on Penalties and Criminal Proceedings for Violations of Price Regulations of 3 June 1939. History: The establishment of the special court in Mannheim as a department of the regional court there was not without difficulties. The frequent change of court referees had an effect on the conduct of official business. This had a negative effect not least on file management. The office was located in Heidelberg during the war. The court partially met in Karlsruhe. As a result of the district events, the special court files were partially destroyed. Many files were sent to other judicial authorities at the end of the war. During the occupation of the court building in Heidelberg in the spring of 1945, the files of the special court registry were thrown into the cellar, all lacings were loosened and so disordered that the context of the individual case-related documents no longer existed. Some of the files were outsourced by the occupying power in various places. In the summer of 1948, the written material was successively returned to the public prosecutor's office at the Mannheim Regional Court and, from 1976 onwards, several partial deliveries were made to the General State Archives. Order and distortion: The present collection is divided into two main parts. The first part lists the procedural and investigative files. From the years 1933 and 1934, only the reference files of the trial files have survived; of the investigation files, with a few exceptions, the years 1933 to 1935 are completely missing. Since, however, the process and investigation registers recorded in the second part of the finding aid have been preserved, at least the activity of the court can be reconstructed. The entries in the register are shown in a selection in this finding aid (cases for which no files are available). 1976 Mr. Wilhelm Steinbach began with the title entries. The completion or revision was carried out by the undersigned.Karlsruhe, in January 1993Manfred Hennhöfer[slightly revised version of the preface from 1993] Conversion: In 2015, the indexing data were converted to fonds 507 and processed into the available online finding aids. For technical reasons, the structure of the data and the structure of the data records had to be changed. However, the content of the indexing information was retained in its entirety. Alexander Hoffmann was responsible for the conversion and data import, while Dorota Wendler and the undersigned, Karlsruhe, were responsible for editorial work related to the import. In February 2016, Dr. Martin Stingl, published references to the literature: Hans Wüllenweber: Special dishes in the Third Reich. Forgotten crimes of justice. Frankfurt a.M. 1990.Christiane Oehler: The jurisdiction of the special court Mannheim 1933¿1945. Berlin 1997.Homepage of the Arbeitskreis Justiz Mannheim e.V.: http://www.akjustiz-mannheim.de/ .