Fonds - 2.9.2.3.2.2 GDion items and telegraphs 2: Telegraphs and telephones

3399

Common foreword for GDion Posten and Telegraphen 1-2: 1. Behördengeschichte<br />Between 1847 and 1886 the administration of post office and railway was united not only on ministerial level, but also at the responsible central authorities, at the central authorities (Oberpostämter) and - as far as it was reasonable - at the lower level of the post offices (Bahnpostämter). After the dissolution of the General Administration of Posts and Railways in 1847, the newly founded General Administration of Posts and Railways took over the coordination of the expanding postal, telegraph and railway services at central authority level, and from 1851 onwards the General Administration of the Royal Transport Authorities.<br />Since 1886, however, the postal and railway authorities have again been separated by the establishment of a separate Directorate General of State Railways on the one hand and a Directorate of Posts and Telegraphs, which was renamed the Directorate General of Posts and Telegraphs in 1898, on the other. These central authorities were directly subordinated to the Ministry of the Royal House and the Exterior, which had again been responsible for postal and railway matters since 1872, and to the newly founded Ministry of Transport Affairs since 1904. A division of responsibilities dating from 1898 divides the General Directorate into three departments, each responsible for postal services (Division 1), telegraph services (Division 2) and personnel (Division 3).<br /> The "specialised authority" for postal services was responsible, among other things, for carrying out the higher orders, regulating and supervising the postal service, state telegraph and telephone operations and drawing up the necessary service instructions. The General Directorate was also responsible for all personnel matters, including the handling of complaints and fiscal representation in legal disputes (since 1905), as well as monitoring the budget, cash and accounting systems and the preparation of operational records and statistics. The (General) Directorate coordinated the construction of expeditions, the production of new state telegraphs and telephone lines, the maintenance of the operational inventory and the new construction and maintenance of post and telegraph buildings.<br />In the first three years after the founding of the Ministry of Transport between 1904 and 1907, the General Directorate of Posts and Telegraphs also continued the majority of the affairs of the central postal service, before their dissolution in 1907 meant that these tasks could also be taken over by the new Ministry of Transport, which had already been founded in 1904 but had only now been fully established and expanded.<br />In addition to the seven upper post offices at the level of the administrative districts (including the Palatinate), the number of which increased to eight in 1905 with the re-establishment of the Landshut upper post office, the (General) Directorate was directly subordinated to: the Central Post Office, the Publishing Office for Postal and Fee Stamps, the Directorate and Material Administration, and the Telegraph Workshop in (Neu-)Aubing near Munich. Some of the higher postal directorates fulfilled special tasks within the postal administration.<br />2. Inventory and registration history<br />The total of 8027 archive units of the Directorate and General Directorate of Posts and Telegraphs were continued after their dissolution by the Ministry of Transport simply according to the file plan used there, so that stable registration relations between the Ministry of Transport and the (General) Directorate of Posts can be assumed.<br />With the foundation of the Ministry of Transport, which was equipped with a lot of space, and the new building on Arnulfstraße, the documents of the management and the General Directorate of Posts and Telegraphs, which also moved in there from 1904, were deposited in the cellars and storehouses of the new building and remained there after the post office was handed over in 1920. The members of the "Gesellschaft zur Erforschung der Postgeschichte", founded in 1922 and largely recruited from the staff of the Munich department, had direct access to the corresponding archival sources during this initial period and began to organize and evaluate them. After the dissolution of Section VI of the Reichspost Ministry, which had continued to work in the former Ministry of Transport in Arnulfstraße since the post was handed over on 01 April 1920 to 1933, the reduced files remained there.<br />The war-related destruction of the building of the former Ministry of Transport in 1945 resulted in major losses of the written material, albeit rather in the area of the central official documents from the period between 1808 and 1871. An exact list of the war losses has not been handed down, but this statement corresponds with the composition of the total holdings of the OPD archive. With the exception of a few files, the tradition for the General Administration of Posts, which was the central authority from 1808 to 1847, is completely missing. The following central authorities, the General Administration of the Posts and Railways (1847-1851) and the General Directorate of the Transport Authorities (1851-1886) are also only sparsely documented, with a total of just 205 files for the postal sector. On the other hand, the present postal tradition of the Directorate and General Directorate should be more or less complete, since it consists of more than 8,000 files of an authority that existed for only 21 years.<br /> It can be assumed that the unburned parts of the postal registries were rescued by the staff of the Reich Postal Directorate Munich, which was renamed the Oberpostdirektion in 1946, in their own building in Arnulfstraße 60/62 (built by the post architect Robert Vorhoelzer). The "Archiv der Oberpostdirektion München" (OPD-Archiv or Postarchiv for short) was founded, grew even after 1945 due to a few smaller levies, and remained in existence as a branch archive until 1985. The files, which had already been severely damaged by the bombardment of the Ministry of Transport, were largely soiled and mechanically damaged, and in addition had a very fragile paper quality for the years after 1870 (acid damage). They were moved twice more: first in 1972/1973 to Angererstraße in the building of the Post Office Munich 40 and again in 1981 to Isabellastraße 14. The postal archives were organized only partially according to authorities of origin (provenances), but frequently according to pertinences, file types or periods and within these periods according to so-called "directories". In total, the OPD archive consisted of 19 directories. These old directory numbers are recorded as "Alte Archivsignatur" (Old Archive Signature) in the present find book and in the indexing database FAUST MWi_1, also in order to establish a connection to citations of the archive material in the older literature.<br />With the reorganization of the Federal Postal Administration in 1985 and due to personnel changes in the occupation of the post archive, the OPD post archive was dissolved. The holdings were initially divided between the Federal Archives (holdings of Dept. VI of the Reich Post Ministry with the assigned offices: Reichspostzentralamt, Verkehrsamt, Revisionamt, Personalamt Telegraphentechnisches Reichsamt) and the Munich State Archives. In the Munich State Archives, on the other hand, the provenances of the Munich and Augsburg Regional Post Offices, the Telecommunications Office, the Postal Savings Bank Office and the Postal Cheque Office were divided between the Munich and Augsburg State Archives following analysis work. In 1999, all groups of files belonging to the central authorities were finally handed over to the Bavarian Main State Archives.<br />The almost 14,000 files of the central authorities responsible for postal services handed over to the Bavarian Main State Archives consisted of 10 groups which were divided into so-called directories in the OPD archive. Smaller groups still come from the holdings of the Ministry of Commerce Volume 5 (MH 5: Verkehrswesen), also included in the clean-up, and a return of 28 files of the Bavarian Ministry of Transport from the Federal Archives. With the state archives of Munich, Nuremberg, Augsburg and Würzburg there were also provenance adjustments, the results of which are reflected in the present post-find books and the seven other post-find books from the OPD archive (see point 4. Cross-references and literature). In the years 2004 to 2011, all files were completely analysed by provenance and recorded in the electronic database of the Bavarian State Archives.<br />The analysis and indexing of the files for the present repertory was carried out by Edeltraud Weber, with the assistance of Dr. Ulrike Claudia Hofmann and Stephan Dünisch as well as the interns and working students Nina Siegel, Astrid Riedler and Simone Rieger.<br />3. Contents of the finding aid book<br />The more than 8000 archive units were split into two subvolumes (GDion Posten and Telegraphen 1-2) for reasons of printing and binding technology and work organisation. The first and most comprehensive subvolume contains all the factual and station files on the postal system (GDion Posten und Telegraphen 1: 1-4315, 7711-8016), the second part the factual and station files on the telegraph and telephone system (GDion Posten und Telegraphen 2: 4316-7710).<br />Eben as for the other holdings of the former OPD archive, a self-created structure was adopted. Old place names were kept in the subject according to the indexing guidelines of the Bavarian State Archives. Essentially, the stock is divided into a post-related part (items 1-13: 4629 files) and a telegraph and telephone part (item 14: 3393 files), whereby overlaps exist above all in the cross-sectional areas.<br />Excepting legislative acts and the maintenance of connections to the Reich, which are to be found as far as possible in the ministerial tradition, the cross-sectional area is covered with numerous files on postal organisation, on the budget and accounting and above all on human resources. Several collective files with name lists and salary tables can replace the missing personnel files in the entire central postal holdings at least for comprehensive or quantifying research. International postal and telegraph traffic is also documented, albeit much narrower than in the tradition of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Transport. Among the documents relating to the transport of mail, few but relevant files concerning the introduction of bicycles ('velocipedes'), skis, pneumatic tube systems, motor mail and the extension of railways, tramways and roads should be highlighted. Documents on postal construction (137 files), postal and railway accidents (over 100) and the entire internal postal organisation in the area of postal charges and postage, The largest group, with 2857 units, are the serial files for the construction and also closure of postal stations and stables (station files), closely followed by a total of 2505 individual files for the construction of telegraph and telephone systems, <br />telephone switching points and high-voltage current systems. The Directorate-General for Posts and Telegraphs had the right to authorise heavy-current installations in view of the spread of electricity technology, as the lines required for this could interfere with the telegraph lines operating with low-voltage current. The broader use of telephone and telegraph technology for fire detection is also documented in these documents, as is the ever-increasing concrete use of different telegraph and telephone technologies, the administration of the production facilities required for this (impregnation plants and accumulator plants) and the entire organisation of the massive and rapid expansion of telephone technology throughout Bavaria and the Palatinate, which slowly supplanted telegraph technology from the 1880s onwards. Due to the particularly large number of location-related individual case files ("station and telephone files") available in this find book, the stock is certainly a rich source for many homeland studies. In addition, the extensive tradition of this specialist authority shows the effective and intensive work of a Bavarian central authority at a time of industrial and technical upheaval and upheaval and the revolutionary changes in the field of traffic mobility and communication.<br />4. Cross-references and literature<br />The following holdings on the postal system from the former OPD archive, structured according to provenance, are also relevant to the postal and telegraph system:<br />Foreign Ministry:<br />- MA 40: Postal section (General Postal Directorate 1808-1817)<br />- MA 41: Postal services (1808-1826, 1832-1846, 1872-1904)<br />Ministry of Finance:<br />- MF 30: Postal services (1826-1832, 1847-1848)<br />Ministry of Commerce:<br />- MH 8: Postal services (1848-1871)<br />Ministry of Transport:<br />- MV I 1: Postwesen (1904-1912/1920)<br />Zentralbehörden<br />- Generaladministration der Posten (1818-1847)<br />- Generaldirektion der Verkehrsanstalten (Postabteilung, Telegraphenamt (1851-1868) und Telegraphenabteilung) (1847-1886)<br />- Fiskalat der Verkehrsanstalten (1851-1905)<br />Literaturauswahl:<br /> Archiv für Postgeschichte in Bayern. Published by the Gesellschaft zur Erforschung der Postgeschichte in Bayern/Oberpostdirektion München. Years 1925 - 1943, 1949 - 1981, 1983 - 1994, Munich.<br /> Review of the first century of the Königlich Bayerischen Staatspost: March 1, 1808 - December 31, 1908: with an account of the development of the state telegraph and telephone system to the present, ed. von der Königlich Bayerischen Post- und Telegraphenverwaltung, Staatsministerium für Verkehrsangelegenheiten, Munich 1909.<br /> Karl-Heinz Friedrich: Der Bestand R 4701 Reichspostministerium, Teil 1: Geschichte und Aufgaben der Post, in: Mitteilungen aus dem Bundesarchiv, Issue /2010, 18th volume.<br /> Transporting, Telegraphieren, Telefonieren - Pionierleistungen der Bayerischen Staatspost. An exhibition of the Bavarian State Archives. Editing and conception: Edeltraud Weber, with a foreword by Gerhard Hetzer. Staatliche Archive Bayerns (Ed.), Kleine Ausstellung Nr. 45, Neustadt a .d. Aisch 2014, 116 S.<br /> Official Gazette and Advertising Gazette of the Royal Bavarian Transport Authorities, Munich 1851 - 1906.<br /> Verkehrsministerialblatt für das Königreich Bayern / Postdienstlicher Teil, Munich 1908 - 1920.<br />Munich January 2013, supplemented in March 2016<br />gez. Edeltraud Weaver

2.9.2.3.2.2 GDion Posten und Telegraphen 2: Telegraphen-
und Telefonwesen

Bavarian State Archives (Archivtektonik) >> Central thesaurus for confirmation tectonics of the Bavarian Main State Archives >> 2 Division II: Recent holdings >> 2.9 Economy, mining, transport, postal services >> 2.9.2 Subordinate Area >> 2.9.2.3 Postal authorities (until 31.3.1920) >> 2.9.2.3.2 Directorate-General for Posts and Telegraphs (GDion Posten und Telegraphen)

Alle Rechte des Freistaats Bayern, vertreten durch das beständeverwahrende Archiv, sind vorbehalten: http://www.gda.bayern.de/uploads/media/veroeffentlichungsgenehmigung_2010.pdf

• German

deutsch

Literatur und Bestellweise: Literaturauswahl:<br /> Archiv für Postgeschichte in Bayern. Hrsg. von der Gesellschaft zur Erforschung der Postgeschichte in Bayern/Oberpostdirektion München. Jahrgänge 1925 - 1943, 1949 - 1981, 1983 - 1994, München.<br /> Nachfolgepublikation: DAS ARCHIV Magazin für Kommunikationsgeschichte, 1995 ff.<br /> Rückblick auf das erste Jahrhundert der Königlich Bayerischen Staatspost: 1. März 1808 - 31. Dezember 1908: mit einer Darstellung der Entwicklung des staatlichen Telegraphen- und Telephonwesens bis in die Gegenwart, hrsg. von der Königlich Bayerischen Post- und Telegraphenverwaltung, Staatsministerium für Verkehrsangelegenheiten, München 1909.<br /> Kalesse, Claudia: Postagenten, Schwarzsender und Sommerreisen.<br />Geschichte der Post in Schwaben zwischen 1808 und 1945, Augsburg 2003.<br /> Karl-Heinz Friedrich: Der Bestand R 4701 Reichspostministerium, Teil 1: Geschichte und Aufgaben der Post, in: Mitteilungen aus dem Bundesarchiv, Heft /2010, 18. Jahrgang.<br /> Transportieren, Telegraphieren, Telefonieren - Pionierleistungen der Bayerischen Staatspost. Eine Ausstellung des Bayerischen Hauptstaatsarchivs. Bearbeitung und Konzeption: Edeltraud Weber, mit einem Vorwort von Gerhard Hetzer. Staatliche Archive Bayerns (Hrsg.), Kleine Ausstellung Nr. 45, Neustadt a .d. Aisch 2014, 116 S.<br /> Verordnungsblatt und Anzeigenblatt der königlich bayerischen Verkehrsanstalten, München<br />1851 - 1906.<br /> Verkehrsministerialblatt für das Königreich Bayern / Postdienstlicher Teil, München 1908 - 1920.<br />BESTELLSIGNATUR: Generaldirektion der Posten u. Telegraphen + Nummer<br />Beispiel: Generaldirektion der Posten und Telegraphen 7700<br />Findmittel zu GDion Posten und Telegraphen 1-2:<br />GDion Posten und Telegraphen 1: 1-4315, 7711-8016<br />GDion Posten und Telegraphen 2: 4316-7710<br />GDion Posten 1-2: Personen- und Ortsregister

Original description: Deutsche Digitale Bibliothek

• Latin

http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/