Contains among other things: S.M.S. "Hansa": Palma, Naples S.M.S. "Hertha": Halifax, Vera Cruz (political unrest), Havana, Port-au-Prince, St. Thomas, Jamaica, Trinidad, St. Lucia S.M.S. "Eber": Duala, Boma, Matadi, Loanda S.M.S. "Victoria Luise": Gibraltar S.M.S. "Panther": Southwest Africa, Duala (report of unrest in Cameroon) S.M.S. "Condor": Japan, Maron, Kaiser Wilhelm Land, Bismarck Archipelago, Solomon Islands, Rabaul, Käwieng, Suva, Samoa, Ponape S.M.S. "Goeben": Pola S.M.S. "Nuremberg": Honolulu, West Coast Mexico (political unrest) Cruiser squadrons: East Asia, Nanking (uprising in South China, plan of Nanking) S.M.S. "Otter": Upper Yangtse S.M.S "Bremen": Vera Cruz, Pampico, Tampico (political unrest, report on the situation in Mexico) S.M.S. "Tiger": Futschau S.M.S. "Fatherland": Nanking S.M.S. "Seagull": Zanzibar Mediterranean Division: Egypt, Corfu, Shutari, Venice, Trieste, Athens S.M.S. "Cormoran": Sydney, Rabaul, Käwieng, New Guinea (unrest) S.M.S. "Strasbourg": Freetown Detached Division: Las Palmas, Santa Cruz, Lome S.M.S. "Sea Eagle": German East Africa, Aden S.M.S. "Dresden": Madeira, St. Thomas. Vera Cruz

Contains among other things: S. M. S. "Lübeck: Alexandrette, Beirut, Messina (troubled situation), Jaffa S. M. S. "Hansa: Norway, Bilbao, Vigo, Naples, Venice, Port Said, Latovia, Alexandrette, Alexandria S. M. S. "Cormoran": Messina, Syria, Aden, Colombo, Batavia, Amboina, New Guinea Cruise Squadron: South Seas, Northbound S. M. S. "Scharnhorst": Port Arthur, Seoul (Uprising) S. M. S. "Bremen": New York, St. Thomas, Mayaguez, Havana, Kingston, Newport, Port of Spain S. M. S. "Planet": Sydney, Nouméa S. "Planet": Sydney, Nouméa S. M.S. 'Panther': South West Africa, Cape Town (merging of provinces), Mossamedes, Loanda, Congo, Bata, Lagos, Lome, Forcados, Old Calabar, Victoria, Sao Tomé, Duala S. M.S. "Sea Eagle": Dar es Salaam, Mozambique, Durban, Cape Town S.M.S. "Loreley": Therapia (military uprising in Constantinople), Black Sea, Constantinople S.M.S. "Hertha": Norway, Ferrol, Madeira, Ponta Delgada, Domenica, Prince, Rupertbay, Newport, New York S.M.S. "Hertha": Norway, Ferrol, Madeira, Ponta Delgada, Domenica, Prince, Rupertbay, Newport, New York S.M.S. "Freya": Norway, Dartmouth, Madeira, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, San Sebastian, Tangier, Cagliari, Genoa, Tunis, Corfu S. M. S. "Sparrowhawk": Cape Town, South West Africa, St. Helena, Freetown, Liberia, Cameroon S. M. S. "Condor": Sydney, Suva, Samoa, Auckland, Brisbane (search for S. M. S. "Seestern"), Apia S. M. S. "Victoria Luise": Norway, New York, Newport S. M. S. "Dresden": Horta, Queenstown, Newport, New York S. M. S. "Buzzard": Dzaoudzi, Nossibé, Majunga, Durban, East London, Cape Town, Lourenzo Marques

Contains among other things: S.M.S. "Hertha": Curacao, St. Thomas, Port of Spain, Bermuda, Ponta Delgada, Santiago de Cuba, Havana, Kingston, Vigo S.M.S. "Bremen": Port of Spain, Rio de Janeiro, Buenos Aires, Punta Arenas, Valdivia, Coronel, Chile, Valparaiso, Antofagasta, Tocopilla, Taltal, Coquimbo S. M. S. "Sea Eagle": Cape Town, Durban, Dar es Salaam S. M. S. "Victoria Luise": St. Thomas, San Juan de Portorico, Kingston, Havana, Haiti, Guantanamo, Ferrol, Horta, Bermuda S. M. S. "Hansa": Corfu, Palermo, Ferrol, Algiers S. M. S. "Corfu, Palermo, Ferrol, Algiers S. M. S.": S. Thomas, San Juan de Portorico, Havana, Haiti, Guantanamo, S. M. S. "Arcona": San Fancisco, Honolulu, Seattle, San Pedro, San Diego, Yokohama, Miyashima, Port Said, Cadiz, Colombo, Aden S. M. S. "Cormoran": Matupi, Herbertshöhe, Simpson Harbour, Empress Augusta River, Blanche Bay, Samoa, Suva S. M. S. "Buzzard": Mahé, Aden, Port Said, Malaga, Southampton S. M. S. "Freya": Port Said, Alexandria, Haifa, Beirut, Messina, Adana (consequences of the Armenian massacre), Naples, Algiers, Vigo S. M. S. "Panther": Duala, Cap Lopez, Loanda, Porto Alexandre, Southwest Africa S. M. S. "Condor": Samoa, Fiji Islands, Marshall Islands, Herbertshöhe, Caroline Islands, Japan, Palau, Admiralty Islands Squadrons of cruisers: Tientsin, Beijing, Hankau, Yangtze River, Situation in China, Hong Kong, Canton, Bangkok, Singapore S. M. S. "Sperber": Lome, Old Calabar, Sekondi, Axim, Greater Friedrichsburg, Liberia (uprising), Libreville, Belgian Congo, Angola, Southwest Africa S. M. S. "Nuremberg": Barcelona (political situation) S. M. S. "Iltis": Hong Kong

Contains among other things: S. M. S. "Bremen": Philadelphia, New York, Bahia, Ilha Grande, Montevideo, Bahia, Blanca, Madrin S. M. S. "Sea Eagle": Benadir coast, Aden, Djibouti, Colombo, Mahé, Bombay (strike) S. M. S. "Loreley": Eastern Mediterranean Sea, Black Sea S. M. S. "Charlotte": Bergen, Balholm, Gudwangen, Lerwick, Greenock, Vigo, Cadiz, Reysertsbay, Madeira, Puerto de la Luz, Santiago de Cuba (election, American withdrawal), Havana, Kingston S.M.S. "Victoria Luise': Tenerife, Barcelona, Venice, Rapallo, Naples, Corfu, Cagliari, Alexandria S.M.S. 'Fatherland': Szetchuan S.M.S. 'Panther': Cape Town (political situation), Swakopmund, Lüderitz Bay (diamond find), St. Petersburg Helena, Grand Bassa, Freetown, Bissao, Boloma, South West Africa, Duala, Portuguese Guinea (Uprising) S.M.S. "Hertha": Queenstown, Palma, Cartagena, Madeira, Las Palmas, Palermo, Messina (earthquake relief), Naples S. M. S. "Sperber": Cape Town, Congo, Lüderitz Bay (diamond question), Swakopmund, Loanda, Cape Lopez, Bata, Victoria, Togo, Cameroon S. M.S. "Freya": Halifax, Charleston, Habana, Kingston, St. Thomas, Newport Cruise Wing: Dalmy, Port Arthur, Amoy, Kobe S.M.S. "Condor": Ponape, Samoa, Marshall Islands, Fije S.M.S. "Panther": Southwest Africa (Economic Situation Report)

History of the Inventor: After the German Reich had abandoned an active colonial policy in the first years of its existence due to foreign policy considerations, this changed in 1884. The colonies Deutsch-Südwestafrika, Togo, Cameroon, Deutsch-Neuguinea, Deutsch-Ostafrika and Samoa, formally referred to as "protectorates", emerged. The governorates of these protectorates established in the following period were first under the control of the Colonial Department in the A u s w ä r t i g e s A m t and finally of the resulting R e i c h s k o l o n i a l a m t . The Kiautschou leasehold in China, acquired in 1898, was subject to the R e i c h s m a r i n e a m t . From the very beginning it was necessary to be able to assert and protect the interests of the empire in the colonies by military force. In the initial phase, this task was performed by ships and landing commands of the Imperial Navy. In the German South Sea colonies this remained so until the end. In the African colonies there was a development of their own. In 1889, a troupe of German volunteers with a contract under an active officer (Captain Curt von François) was formed in D e u t s c h - S ü d w e s t a f r i k a , which was initially only to perform police duties. In 1889, in D e u t s c h - O s t a f r i k a, the Reich Commissioner Captain Herrmann Wissmann set up a troop of recruited Africans to suppress the "Arab Uprising" that broke out in 1888. With the law of 22 March 1891 the "Schutztruppe für Deutsch-Ostafrika" was finally formed from volunteers of the army and navy as well as recruited volunteers, followed by the "Schutztruppe für Deutsch-Südwestafrika" and the "Schutztruppe für Kamerun" with the law of 9 June 1895. A protection force for Togo was planned at times, but was not formed, just as there were no protection forces for German New Guinea or Samoa. Only police troops were formed there. In the respective protectorates the governor held the highest military power, the commander of the protection troop was subordinated to him. The protection troops were responsible for maintaining security and public order. At times the individual protection troops were exclusively occupied with the suppression of insurrections of the indigenous population. To this end, some considerable personnel reinforcements were recruited from Germany. The Schutztruppen were first led by the Reichsmarineamt. With the "Gesetz betreffend die Kaiserlichen Schutztruppen in den Afrikanischen Schutzgebieten und die Wehrpflicht daselbst" of 18 July 1896, the Schutztruppen were subordinated to the Reich Chancellor, administered by the Colonial Department in the Foreign Office. In the Colonial Department, the Department M - Military Administration (Command or High Command of the Protection Forces) was responsible. The Prussian War Ministry (Army Department) took over the organizational support. Command affairs were handled by the Director of the Colonial Department, with Division M as his military staff. With the establishment of the R e i c h s k o l o n i a l a m t by the Most High Decree of 17 May 1907, the command of the Schutztruppen was placed under its control, now as a military command staff with responsible command power. Like the Navy, the Schutztruppen were under the supreme command of the Emperor. Its members were volunteers of the army (or armies of Prussia, Bavaria, Saxony and Württemberg) and the navy, who retired from the respective army or navy for the time of their service in the Schutztruppen and then returned there again. The male German population in the protectorates was subject to compulsory military service. The conscripts in the Schutztruppen were able to meet these demands. In 1913 the Schutztruppe included the following personnel: - Command of the Schutztruppe in Berlin: 80 men - Schutztruppe für Deutsch-Ostafrika: 2758 men (266 Germans, 2492 natives) - Schutztruppe für Deutsch-Südwestafrika: 1970 Mann (German) - Schutztruppe für Kamerun: 1471 Mann (171 German, 1300 indigenous) During the Herero Uprising, the Schutztruppe für Deutsch-Südwestafrika's personnel strength in 1907 was approx. 15,000 men. The outbreak of the First World War hit the German colonies unprepared. Defensive measures against other colonial powers had never been seriously considered, the Imperial Government had assumed that in the event of a European conflict the colonies could be kept out of the fighting according to the agreements in the Congo Act of 1885, despite warning voices from the colonies themselves. On 1 August 1914, therefore, only a state of emergency was declared in the protectorates. It was not until mid-August 1914 that mobilization began in the protectorates, but the armed units there (Schutztruppen, police troops, naval units present) were ultimately without a chance compared with the opponents who were far superior in terms of numbers and materials. The following were lost, partly after fierce fighting, partly without a fight: - on 27 August 1914 Togo - on 7 September 1914 Samoa - on 17 September 1914 Deutsch-Neuguinea - on 9 July 1915 Deutsch-Südwestafrika - in February 1916 Cameroon The Kiautschou leasehold area under the control of the Navy had capitulated after heavy fighting on 7 November 1914. It was only in D e u t s c h - O s t a f r i k a that the Schutztruppe was able to hold its ground to the end and thus bind considerable enemy forces. Their commander, Major General Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck, only laid down his weapons on 25 November 1918 on order from Berlin. Processing note: The stock RW 51 was originally created as stock for the "imperial protection troops and other German land forces overseas" and comprised 29 units. In 2010, the documents of the East Asian Expeditionary Corps were extracted and, together with the corresponding new additions, formed the newly created holdings RW 61. Since then, the holdings of RW 51 have consisted exclusively of documents of the Imperial Protection Forces and were subsequently fundamentally revised and developed further. Some new additions were added. Description of the holdings: The collection contains the documents of the Imperial Schutztruppen for D e u t s c h - S ü d w e s t a f r i k a , D e u t s c h - O s t a f r i k a and Cameroon, as well as the command of the Schutztruppen, as far as they are available in the military archives. Characterization of content: The inventory contains only a few real fact files. It consists above all of a compilation of commandos of the Schutztruppe für Deutsch-Ostafrika from 1907 to 1914, as well as a file of the same commandos with reports of subordinated units and offices from 1916. In addition there are documents on organization and supply in Deutsch-Ostafrika and Deutsch-Südwestafrika and in particular some hand-drawn maps. Only two documents have survived on Cameroon. State of development: The inventory RW 51 was originally created as an inventory for the "imperial protection troops and other German land forces overseas" and comprised 29 units. In 2010, the documents of the East Asian Expeditionary Corps were extracted and, together with the corresponding new additions, formed the newly created holdings RW 61. Since then, the holdings of RW 51 have consisted exclusively of documents of the Imperial Protection Forces and were subsequently fundamentally revised and developed further. Some new additions were added. Pre-archival order: The tradition of the Schutztruppen In the Bundearchiv military archive is purely fragmentary. The Schutztruppen archive in the Heeresarchiv was destroyed during the air raid on Potsdam in April 1945. This applies to the personnel files of the Schutztruppen and to the records in the archives of the Schutztruppen in the colonies themselves. The tradition of the command of the Schutztruppen is essentially in the R 1001 R e i c h s k o l o n i a l a m t . The documents of the protection troops remaining in Africa after the First World War are now in the national archives of Tanzania (Dar es Salaam), Namibia (Windhoek) and Cameroon (Duala). In addition, the Belgian Imperial Archives in Brussels contain documents of the Rwandan Schutztruppen. Films on the documents in Windhoek and Dar es Salaam can be found in the Federal Archives in Berlin. Replacement records of the Schutztruppen and their deployments can be found above all in the documents of the Imperial Navy, which as a rule acted in a supportive capacity or, during uprisings, also issued landing commands. In addition, reference should be made to the tradition of the contingents of protection troops in the respective state archives provided by Bavaria, Saxony and Württemberg. Scope, explanation: 30 AU Citation method: BArch, RW 51/...

Contains among other things: uprising of the local population

Errichtung der Schutzherrschaft.- Bericht von Reichskommissar Falkenthal (Abschriften), 1885 [fol. 1 - 19] Politische Lage in Togo und den benachbarten Gebieten.- Bericht von Reichskommissar Falkenthal, 1885 [fol. 1 - 19] Nichtanerkennung der deutschen Schutzherrschaft über Togo durch Frankreich und sonstige gegen das Deutsche Reich gerichtete französische Maßnahmen. - Protests by Reichskommissar Falkenthal to the French consular agent Piathet, Groß-Popo, 1885 [fol. 1 - 60] Report by Rear Admiral Knorr, 1885 [fol. 61 - 69] Expulsion of the Cameroonians Manga Akwa, Anja Preso (Priso) and Misunga to Togo for participating in the uprising in Duala. - Handed over to the Reichskommissar by Rear Admiral Knorr, flight to Accra and extradition negotiations, 1885 [fol. 71] Accusations against Portuguese authorities for slave trade. - Misinterpretation of a labour recruitment in Dahomey by the German planter Spengler (Chamisso plantation) on St. Thomé, 1885 [fol. 76 - 84] Establishment of the Portuguese protectorate over Dahomey and its takeover by France, 1885 - 1886 [fol. 85 - 192] Approval and request for armament and equipment, 1885 [fol. 102 - 105] Establishment of the protectorate over the west coast between Liberia and Grand Bassam. - Memorandum by Reichskommissar Falkenthal, 1885 [fol. 106 - 108] Shipping of slaves on the coast of Dahomey and Whydah (Quittab) in the presence of British gunboats. - Denial by Acting Colonial Secretary Percival Hughes, Accra, 1885 [fol. 109] Breakthrough of the coast at Cotonou on 23 September 1885 by the French to establish a connection between the lagoon of Porto Novo and the sea. - Report by Consul Randad jun., 1885 [fol. 118] Action against the French during the occupation of the Gridji and Abanaque territories. - Justification by Reichskommissar Falkenthal in response to a reprimand by von Bismarck, 1885 [fol. 133 - 135] Relations between France, Great Britain and Portugal on the slave coast between Whydah (Quittah) and Lagos as well as Dahomey. - Report by Reichskommissar Falkenthal, 1885 [fol. 138 - 139] Establishment of German protectorate over Porto Seguro at the request of the local King Mensa. - Report by Reichskommissar Falkenthal, 1885 [fol. 148] Clarification of German intentions in Togo. - Enquiry from Governor von Soden to von Bismarck, 1885 [fol. 156 - 157] Bielke, sergeant of the police force - Death and burial, 1885 [fol. 183] Official residence of the Reichskommissar in Klein-Popo. - Construction of a prefabricated building by the company F. H. Schmidt, Hamburg, 1886 [fol. 196 - 204] Pietrowski, sergeant, drill sergeant of the police force. - Assignment as successor to the deceased Sergeant Bielke and leave of absence for health reasons, 1886 - 1888 [fol. 212] Situation in Klein-Popo after the arrival of Reichskommissar Falkenthal at his official residence, 1886 [fol. 214] Recruitment of Hausa, 1886 - 1888 [fol. 214] Criticism of the inauguration of Reichskommissar Falkenthal (31 October 1887) and interim appointment of the previous chancellor in Cameroon, von Puttkamer, 1886 - 1887 [fol. 217 - 221] Treaty between France and the chiefs of the country of Quatschi (Kete Krachi) north of the Popos in Togo. - Copy, 21 June 1885 [fols. 238 - 239] Protocol on the German and French possessions on the west coast of Africa and in the South Seas. - Copy (German and French text), 24 Dec. 1885 [fol. 240 - 247] Exchange of notes between Germany and France on King Mensa of Porto Seguro [fol. 248 - 251] Work of the Franco-German Boundary Commission on the demarcation of the territories on both sides of the Slave Coast in accordance with Article 2 of the Protocol of 24 Dec. 1885 - Protocol, 2 Apr. 1887 [fol. 252 - 254] Regulation of flag mail traffic. - Circular no. 3, 29 May 1914

Political situation in the Dagomba Empire (capital Yendi) and the neighbouring areas: Possibility of establishing a station for the final subjugation of the Dagomba - Report Commissioner Falkenthal, 1900 [fol. 13] Personnel matters. - Individual cases. - Dr Heim, payment of remuneration for October and November 1900 to the former Deputy Governor of Togo, Chancellor Assessor Dr Heim. - Request from the Deputy Governor of Togo, Horn, to the Governor of Cameroon, 1900 [fol. 24] Condition of the road network, in particular the connection from the coast to the hinterland of the Togo protectorate. - Report by Prof. Dr Wohltmann on his trip to Togo to clarify transport issues in December 1899 (extracts), 1900 [fol. 34] Police force. - Return of surplus uniforms from the time of the Ashanti Uprising to the Governorate of Cameroon, 1900 [fol. 43] Personnel matters. - Individual cases. - Warnecke, gardener. - Training at the Botanical Gardens in Victoria, 1900 [fol. 46 - 51] Administration of justice. - Banishment of prisoners from Cameroon to Togo to reduce the risk of escape. - Members of the police force in Cameroon. - Individual cases (Jo, Johnson, Mbia, Mokoko, Nginda), 1901, 1906, 1907 [fol. 47, 52-55, 59, 68, 143, 181-182] Cocoa cultivation in the Atakpame district. - Request for fruit from Cameroon for seed production, 1888 [fol. 74 - 79] Concreting work for the piles in the construction of the landing stage in Lome. - Request for an expert opinion from Building Secretary Seiffert, Douala, 1904 [fol. 84] Personnel matters. - Individual cases. - von Rotberg, District Judge of Togo (from 1 February 1902) and District Officer of Klein-Popo (from 20 February 1903). Dismissal in connection with the complaint of insult by the station chief Geo. A. Schmidt / P. Müller and Schnitz, Steyler Mission, 1903 [fol. 96 - 105] Personnel matters. - Individual cases. - Zech auf Neuhofen, Governor. - Home leave, 1905 - 1908 [fol. 106-107, 147-158, 187-191] Lome customs office. - Exemption from export duty on large and small livestock exports from Togo to Cameroon. - Request from the Governor of Cameroon to the Foreign Office and its decision on the duty-free export of large livestock from the landing stage in Lome, 1905 [fol. 109 - 114] Shortcomings in co-operation and disputes between the Governor of Cameroon and the Governors of Togo. - Intervention of the Foreign Office, 1901 - 1905 [fol. 109 - 114] Administration of justice. - Legal proceedings against Father Schmitz, Steyler Mission, for insulting the head of the station Geo A. Schmidt, Atakpame, - Determination of the place of trial Lome or, for reasons of public safety, Duala, 1905 [fol. 117 - 125] Consul General for the Gulf of Guinea. - Authorisation of the Imperial Commissioner and Governor of Togo as Consul in the Republic of Liberia (1889) and the British and French possessions in his jurisdiction (Gold Coast and Niger Coast, Dahomey), 1889, 1905, 1910 [fol. 126, 133, 198] Personnel matters. - Individual cases. - Gaber, James, clerk of the Lomé district office. - Wanted for removal from duty to take up employment in Cameroon, 1905 [fol. 128, 176] Police force. - Settlement of the bounty for recruitment of the Pik in 1900, 1906 [fol. 151 - 156] Police force in Cameroon. - Recruitment for the police force in Cameroon in Togo in 1900 - Settlement of the bounty, 1906 [fol. 151 - 156] Landing bridge in Lome. - Collapse of the middle section on the night of 18-19 May 1911, 1911 [fol. 202]

Contains among other things: Transfer of the residence from Kusseri to Mora. Guidelines for the Exercise of Administration in the Residences of Mora, Garua and Ngaundere, Buca, 11 Aug 1913

Contains among other things: Political situation in the French Wadei region Map of Cameroon, south-western part of Yola with entries on agriculture and livestock M.: 1:360 000 (April 1907) Sketch of the insurrection area of the survey in the Malum - Wadei region, M.: 1:400 000 (July/Aug. 1907)

Contains among other things: Differences between the German-English Border Commission