Collection - District administrations and their territorial predecessor authorities

Inventory description: Berlin and Cölln
had possessed field marks outside the city walls since the Middle Ages, in which small
small settlements with dairies, sheep farms and markets developed.
developed. In the 16th century, so-called "suburbs" were formed outside the city gates.
"the Spandau, Stralau and Georgenvorstadt suburbs on the Berlin
and the Köpenick and Teltow (or Leipzig) suburbs on the Cölln side.
side. In the surrounding villages such as Stralau, Rosenfelde (later:
Friedrichsfelde), Lichtenberg, Pankow and Reinickendorf, Tempelhof,
Marienfelde, Mariendorf and Rixdorf, the double city had considerable
considerable landed property. In the 17th and 18th centuries, after a setback
setback by the Thirty Years' War, the influx of population continued
which eventually led to the foundation of the electoral towns of Friedrichswerder
(1662), Dorotheenstadt (1674) and Friedrichstadt (1692), which were merged with Berlin and Cölln in 1709.
Berlin and Cölln in 1709 (see section 2.1.). <br
<br /><br />In addition to the large towns to the east of Berlin's old town outside the
Akzisemauer, the large settlements already existing east of Berlin's old town, the Königsstadt (from
1701 from the old Georgenvorstadt) and the Stralauer Vorstadt,
the Spandauer Vorstadt was created in the north in the course of the 18th century,
the outer part of which was the Rosenthaler Vorstadt with the colony of Neu-Vogtland
and the Friedrich-Wilhelm-Stadt. In 1829, the Weinberg pieces became,
parts of the later districts of Prenzlauer Berg and Friedrichshain as well as the
the so-called "New World" and the Niederschönhausen leasehold estate were added to the
were added to the urban area. A little later, meadows in front of the Frankfurter Tor
were added. The boundaries of the city area in the west were defined by the Schönhauser
Graben and on the left bank of the Spree by the Landwehrgraben. 1842
the expansion of Luisenstadt in the south-east began. On January 1, 1861
Wedding, Gesundbrunnen, Moabit, the Tempelhof and Schöneberg suburbs were
suburbs were incorporated, so that the territory of the city expanded to almost 6000
hectares, almost double the size of 1841. Between
1878 and 1915, parts of the Lichtenberger Feldmark (district of
Friedrichsberg), the rest of the estate district of Tiergarten (with the exception of
Bellevue Palace) and the Jungfernheide were added. <br /><br
/>According to the city ordinance of 1808, the outer parts of the old
Berlin Feldmark in favor of the surrounding districts of Teltow and
Niederbarnim were detached from the city's Weichbild. The municipalities were
within the boundaries defined by the "Ordinance on the Improvement of the
Provincial Authorities" of April 30, 1815, which uniformly created new
administrative districts. In 1872, the district regulations for the six eastern provinces
provinces led to a reform of the district administration system, which came into force in 1874.
and provided, among other things, for larger towns to leave the district association
and could form their own urban districts. In the countryside, the
the patrimonial police authority was replaced by the head of the district as the
local police authority. Above all for controlling expenditure and
and participation in police regulations, there was also an official committee,
composed of representatives of the municipalities and estates in the district.
of the district. The responsible district administrator was responsible for supervision.
<br /><br />Of the small urban settlements in the surrounding areas of Berlin
Spandau and Charlottenburg had developed into medium-sized towns by 1871 with
20,000 inhabitants, while Köpenick, with around 5,300 inhabitants, had already
behind larger rural communities, which in turn were granted city rights
(Schöneberg 1897, Rixdorf/Neukölln 1899, Wilmersdorf 1906, Lichtenberg
1907). <br /><br />The industrial development, especially after
after 1871 and the growth of the settlement area inside and outside the Berlin
Berlin city area increasingly led to costly overlaps in the infrastructure
infrastructure, especially as the neighboring municipalities insisted on independence.
insisted on independence. Territorial reforms and further attempts at incorporation failed time and again
failed time and again due to resistance from the district councils and the state government. After
the law of July 19, 1911, a "special-purpose association" was formed on April 1, 1912.
Greater Berlin" was formed on April 1, 1912, which was a loose amalgamation of the cities of Berlin,
Spandau, Köpenick, Charlottenburg, Schöneberg, Rixdorf/Neukölln, Wilmersdorf
and Lichtenberg as well as the districts of Niederbarnim and Teltow. Its
responsibility was essentially limited to traffic and settlement planning
settlement planning, the development and maintenance of green spaces, as well as the
forest administration. Among other things, the association acquired parts of the Grunewald forest and purchased
the Great Berlin Tramway. <br /><br />On October 1, 1920
the "Law on the Formation of a New Municipality of Berlin" of 27.
April 1920 came into force. This united the cities that had already been
as well as 59 rural communities1 and 27 estate districts2 from the districts of
Niederbarnim, Osthavelland and Teltow districts to form the new municipality of "Berlin" - the
largest closed settlement area in Central Europe. The
new municipality formed its own administrative district and was considered an
extension of the previous municipality of Berlin. Therefore, the Berlin
magistrate also formed the central administrative level. The urban area was divided into
into twenty administrative districts, which were not regarded as separate
legal entities in their own right.3 For each district, a district assembly
and a collegial district office was established for each district. In the
district assemblies, the city councillors residing in the districts worked
councillors worked together with other elected citizens (district councillors).
together. The seven salaried and unsalaried district office members
(mayors and city councillors) were elected by the district assemblies for
twelve and four years respectively. In addition, for individual
administrative branches or for temporary tasks, district deputations based on the
the model of the magistrate's deputations. The
Mayor could prevent the implementation of resolutions of the district
district assemblies insofar as this was contrary to a general
interest of the municipality as a whole. Disputes were to be decided by
be decided by arbitration boards. With the consent of the Lord Mayor
local districts (Ortsamtsstellen) could be formed in the administrative districts.
could be formed. <br /><br />The Berlin City Archive established itself
as the central archive for the unified municipality of Berlin after 1920. The increasing number of
the increasing number of files transferred from the administrative districts in the 1920s.
the archive's chronic lack of space. <br /><br />The holdings taken over until
1943/44 were mainly transferred to the castles of Friedland and Petermanke
and Petermanke and returned from there in 1952 and 1962 for the most part.
returned from there. However, significant parts of the registries remained
remained in the town halls during the war and were at the mercy of the
at the mercy of the bombing raids. In particular, the records of the
inner-city districts in particular were largely lost in this way
(e.g. Friedrichshain). After 1945, the surviving older
were mostly handed over to the State Archives or the Berlin City Archives
to the State Archive or the Berlin City Archive. The process of
and indexing has often not yet been completed here, for example
for the districts of Steglitz and Zehlendorf, for example. <br /><br
/>Some of the historically significant records are also held by the
museums and local history collections in the districts.
<br /><br />References: <br /><br />LAB A Rep.
000-02-01 Berlin City Council <br />LAB A Rep.
001-02 Magistrate of the City of Berlin, General Office <br />LAB A Rep. 005-02
Magistrate of the City of Berlin, Municipal Property Deputation <br
/>LAB A Rep. 006 Magistrate of the City of Berlin, Canal and Property Deputation
<br />LAB B Rep. 142 Municipal umbrella organizations <br />BLHA
Pr.Br.Rep. 2 A Potsdam government <br />BLHA Pr.Br.Rep. 6 B
District administrations Niederbarnim, Osthavelland, Teltow <br />BLHA
Pr.Br.Rep. 37 Noble manors and estates (including Friedrichsfelde,
Tempelhof, Ahrensfelde, Blankenburg, Buch, Heinersdorf, Lichterfelde,
Rosenthal, Wilmersdorf) <br />BLHA Pr.Br.Rep. 41 Amtsbezirke (a. o.
Zehlendorf) <br /><br />Literature: <br /><br
/>Berliner Archive, ed. by the Landesarchiv Berlin 4th ed., Berlin 1992
[5th ed. currently being revised]. <br />Historisches Ortslexikon
for Brandenburg, Part 3: Havelland, edited by Lieselott Enders, Weimar 1972
(= Publication of the Potsdam State Archives, 1). <br />Historical
Ortslexikon für Brandenburg, part 4: Teltow, edited by Lieselott Enders u.
Margot Beck, Weimar 1976 (= Publication of the State Archives Potsdam, 13). <br
/>Historisches Ortslexikon für Brandenburg, part 6: Barnim, edited by
Lieselott Enders and Margot Beck, Weimar 1980 (= Veröff. des Staatsarchivs
Potsdam, 16). <br />Schmidt, Sigurd-Herbert: Greater Berlin comes into being, in:
75 years ago Greater Berlin came into being, Berlin 1995, pp. 9-84 (=
Exhibition catalogs of the Berlin State Archives 14). <br />Schwenk,
Herbert: Berlin Urban Development from A-Z, 2nd ed., Berlin 1998. <br
/>Viergutz, Volker: Groß-Berlin in den zwanziger Jahren, in: 75
Jahre Groß-Berlin entsteht, Berlin 1995, pp. 85-151 (= exhibition catalogs
of the Berlin State Archives 14).<br />A 3

Landesarchiv Berlin (Archivtektonik) >> A Bestände vor 1945

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