Company history About the exact founding year of the "Solinger Verzinkerei und Zuckerformenfabrik Ewald vom Hofe Nachf. there are no records. The later owner Hermann Barche, however, dated the foundation of the company by Gebr. Hartkopf to the year 1841 as a result of his research. In 1866 it was taken over by the iron and metal wholesaler Peter Holzrichter from Barmen. His son-in-law, the businessman Ewald vom Hofe from Lüdenscheid, managed the Solingen business until 1873 when he took it over completely and ran it under his own name. The sugar loaf mould industry was established in Solingen in the 1840s and 50s as an alternative to the crisis-ridden cutlery industry. The first Solingen commercial register, the "Verzeichnis der im Handelsgerichtsbezirk Elberfeld bestehenden Handelsfirmen" of 1864 (STAS Library IV K 4, 1864), lists three sugar loaf form factories for Solingen. According to the annual reports of the Chamber of Commerce (STAS Library GA 583), this branch of production experienced a good development until the 1870s. Production was mainly for the Rhenish sugar industry, but also for export to almost all European countries, mainly Austria and Russia. But when in the late 1870s the main export countries drastically increased customs duties and lump sugar was introduced in Germany, the production of sugar loaf forms became anachronistic. The annual report of the Chamber of Commerce of 1880 (ibid. p. 21) predicted that most of the 200 employees would have to find a new job. The reports from the following years clearly document this decline. As early as 1883, a quarter of the workers formerly employed (ibid. p. 19) were sufficient to cover the demand for sugar loaf forms. One possible way out of the crisis was taken by a Solingen entrepreneur who relocated production to Russia (ibid.), another alternative was to convert production to ice cells, which had been the company's main product from the farm since the late 1980s. The wage books, which have been available since 1892, show the increasing demand for personnel. While just under 20 workers were employed in 1892, the number rose to just under 30 by 1896. Obviously, however, the production of ice cells was a seasonal business, so that the permanent core of the workforce was supplemented by day labourers when needed. In the week from 30.11.-7.12.1895, for example, 68 workers were on the payroll (cf. No. 265 ff.). In 1899 the Solingen businessman Hermann Rauh, who was also a partner in the Carl Rauh company, bought the Höffgen-based company, including the residential buildings at Kaiserstrasse 253/255 and almost 11,000 square metres of land between Kaiserstrasse and Kreuzstrasse, and continued to run it under the name "Solingen galvanizing plant and sugar mould factory Ewald vom Hofe Nachf. The change of ownership was also accompanied by a relocation of the company, as Hermann Rauh planned to exploit the property by creating the new Kurfürstenstrasse (cf. STAS, Nachlaß Barche, NA 5). In 1904/1905 the company buildings were moved to Eintrachtstraße. An expansion of the company does not seem to have been connected with this, because the number of workers remained about the same. But the strong seasonal fluctuations in the size of the workforce appear to have diminished. Until the First World War, an average of 25-30 workers were employed. The focus of production was on ice cells, which were also sold throughout Europe, but also other sheet metal products such as buckets, barrels, etc. In addition there were sheet metal and galvanizing works, mainly for other Solingen companies. The First World War represented a breakthrough in the obviously good economic development. Despite partial conversion to indirect and direct war production, the balance sheets for the war years are partly in the red (No. 435) and the workforce declined to about 10-12 men, by the end of 1917 even to 6 men. Also the early years of the republic were economically not very pleasant for the company. In August 1923 the company had to close and was only reopened on 26 February 1924 with 6 employees, when the phase of relative stability of the first German republic also seemed to allow the company Ew. vom Hofe Nachf. a small upswing, until in the world economic crisis again a slump occurred. The balance sheets for the years 1931-1934 show losses (cf. No. 478f.). The war years were marked by rationing of raw materials and a shortage of skilled workers. During the bombing raids on Solingen in November 1944, the company on Eintrachtstraße was also hit. The remaining 5 employees, later only 3, were exclusively occupied with clean-up work until June 1945. The company remained small, the number of employees at the beginning of the century was far from reached. Nevertheless, the start to the "economic miracle" seemed to be off to a good start. For 1951, 12 workers and 2 salaried employees are mentioned (cf. No. 123), but they alone generated an export turnover of more than DM 40,000. The sources for the time after 1945 are rather poor, so that little can be said about the further course of the company. It can only be stated that the company was again in the red at the beginning of the 1960s (see No 127 et seq.). The focus of the portfolio is on the period following the takeover of the company by Hermann Rauh (1899). The following should be emphasized in particular: 1. the wage book series, which is completely preserved from 1892-1953 and contains information on the names of employees, type of employment, wages, (piecework, hourly and daily wages) and deductions (taxes, social insurance) (No. 265-274 and No. 265-274). 50-66); 2. the balance books, which are available from 1912-1935 and then again from 1955-1964 (the latter incompletely filled in) and allow conclusions to be drawn about the economic development of the company (No. 435,478,479,348-350, 127-131); 3. the documentation of customer and supplier traffic. Thus the complete copy book series (correspondence copies) from 1899-1921 (No. 170-193) is available, for the following years numerous individual files. Also complete are the series of invoice books for the period 1905-1955 (no. 90-97) and the current account books for 1913-1940 (special account for each customer and supplier) (no. 476/477); 4. the calculation books, which once include the working calculation books from 1903-1926 (no. 275-280), for later times individual calculations (in no. 373-375) and the total calculation books from 1899-1926 (no. 338, 360, 281-288, 344, 345, 289 and 361) and allow statements about the profit margin. Even after the death of Hermann Rauh on 14.11.1911, the company remained in family ownership. His wife Clara Rauh, née Egen, was heir to the company. She was supported by her son-in-law Karl Barche. The stock was recorded in 1985 by Ralf Rogge.

Content:GBAG from its foundation to the formation of Vereinigte Stahlwerke AG 1926:Foundation / Company Bodies:Foundation / Constitution 1872-1955 (4)Board of Directors / Supervisory Board 1873-1929 (22)General Meetings 1874-1926 (23)Annual Reports 1874-1925 (13)Group Administration / Group Expansion:Mine Directorate / Board of Directors 1875-1926 (75)Board of Directors of GBAG 1907-1921 (19)GBAG Group of Interests / Deutsch-Lux / Bochumer Verein / Montangruppe Siemens-Rheinelbe-Schuckert-Union 1922-1926 (6)Aachener Hütten-Aktien-Verein 1864-1920 (65)Düsseldorf Department (Röhrenwerke Hüsten) 1899-1924 (11)Schalker Verein 1889-1926 (3)Deutsch-Luxemburgische Bergwerks- und Hütten AG 1901-1933 (28) Siemens-Rheinelbe-Schuckert-Union 1920-1961 (8)Group expansion Hard coal 1873-1933 (16)Group expansion Ore 1906-1935 (28)Group expansion Trading 1874-1932 (16)First World War / Ruhr occupation 1873-1926 (18)GBAG (monopoly) from 1926 to 1933:Annual Reports 1925-1933 (8)Annual General Meetings / Supervisory Board 1919-1940 (9)Executive Board 1926-1940 (7)Vereinigte Stahlwerke AG from 1926 to 1933:Foundation 1925-1932 (8)Annual Reports 1926-1931 (6)Annual Reports of the Head Office Statistics 1926-1933 (17)Administrative Committee / Metallurgical Committee 1926-1944 (3)Vereinigte Stahlwerke AG from 1933 to 1954:Reorganisation 1933 1930-1938 (5)Annual Reports 1933-1947 (34)Liquidation 1947-1957 (9)Mining Department of Vereinigte Stahlwerke AG from 1926 to 1933:Annual Reports 1926-1933 (9)Mining Committee / Board of Management 1926-1933 (7)GBAG from 1933 to 1953:Reorganization / Organization 1933, 1936 (2)Annual Reports 1933-1952 (15)Annual General Meetings / Supervisory Board 1934-1955 (6)Mining Committee 1926-1953 (32)Military Government 1945-1956 (11)GBAG from 1953 to 1968 and Gelsenberg AG:Reorganization of Mining (Dr. Hans Korsch / Law 75 / Law 27) 1947-1965 (86)Reorganization of the GBAG / Group Transformation 1933-1970 (72)Group Administration:Annual Reports 1953-1975 (24)Annual General Meetings 1955-1974 (24)Supervisory Board 1953-1969 (30)Board of Management 1951-1969 (38)Formation of Ruhrkohle AG:Constitution of the Company as a Whole (Dr. Friedrich Funke on the Supervisory Board) 1967-1969 (10)Siebener Committee for the Settlement of Open Questions (Chairman Dr. Friedrich Funke on the Supervisory Board) 1967-1969 (10)Siebener Committee for the Settlement of Open Questions) Hans Korsch) 1969-1970 (9)Supervisory Board / Executive Bodies 1968-1970 (11)Superordinate Administration / Management of GBAG and its Companies:Authorized 1937-1968 (3)Litigation / Law 1904-1969 (16)Mining damage 1913-1970 (65)Real estate / land 1902-1970 (36)Finances 1873-1973 (52)Taxes 1875-1968 (17)Organization / rules of procedure 1881-1968 (15)Planning 1928-1953 (6)Operational development / reports 1873-1968 (133)Staff 1874-1973 (50)Closures 1890-1968 (5)Publications / history 1873-1961, 1991, 1997 (32)Subsidiaries:Bochumer Bergbau AG 1953-1968 (8)Carolinenglück / Graf Moltke Bergbau AG 1953-1968 (2)Gewerkschaft Donar 1944-1964 (4)Dortmunder Bergbau AG 1953-1969 (8)Erin Bergbau AG 1953-1967 (24)Hansa Bergbau AG 1953-1968 (4)Rheinelbe Bergbau AG 1953-1970 (28)Raab Karcher GmbH 1943-1998 (13)Ver. Holzgesellschaften mbH 1927-1969 (36)Gelsenberg Benzin AG 1936-1953 (5)Westdeutsche Haushaltsversorgung (WEHAG) 1926-1969 (10)Housing companies 1885-1904, 1933-1968 (7)Coking plants / gas industry / chemicals:Allgemeine Gaswirtschaft 1924-1968 (21)Ruhrgas AG 1926-1970 (91)Thyssensche Gas- und Wasserwerke GmbH 1952-1969 (30)Ruhrchemie AG 1928-1958, 1972-1977 (45)Kokerei Alma 1949-1965 (20)Wasserwirtschaft 1876-1968 (70)Stromwirtschaft 1905-1970 (69)Verschiedene Beteiligungen 1918-1970 (41)Mitwirkung der GBAG in Vereinen / Verbänden / Gemeinschaftsorganisationen:Sales organisations 1876-1970 (73)Social organisations 1856-1974 (9)Mining organisations 1877-1974 (119)Participation in museums / exhibitions / congresses 1873-1968 (17)Travel reports for information on other mining areas 1922-1965 (56)Personalities 1873-1975 (273)Emil Kirdorf:Economic and Political Correspondence / Speeches 1873-1941 (25)Anniversaries of Service 1898, 1912-1930 (9)Birthdays 1922-1938 (14)Special Honours / Foundations 1893, 1911-1962 (10)Death / Funeral Ceremony 1938-1943 (13)Personal Circumstances 1873-1938 (10)Publications about Emil Kirdorf 1898-1964 (9)PhotosEisensteingruben / Eisensteinfelder der GBAG:Eisensteinzechen 1850-1992 (125)Stollenwassermutungen 1850-1957 (2)Tongruben 1966-1977 (1)Maps / Plans / RisseNachtrag VEBA Öl AG Reference BBA:Hamborner Bergbau AG, Duisburg-Hamborn (Bestand 18)Karl Oberste-Brink, Essen - Professor Dr. phil, Mine director (holdings 36)Essener Steinkohlenbergwerke AG, Essen (holdings 39)Bochumer Bergbau AG, Bochum (holdings 40)Rheinelbe Bergbau AG, Gelsenkirchen (holdings 41)Schachtanlage Minister Stein, Dortmund-Eving (holdings 43)Dortmunder Bergbau AG, Dortmund (holdings 47)Schachtanlage Erin, Castrop-Rauxel (holdings 63)Schachtanlagen Adolf von Hansemann/Hansa, Dortmund (holdings 108)References:GBAG 1873-1898. Festschrift commemorating the 25th anniversary of GBAG, o. O. 1898].Bruno Simmersbach: The economic development of the GBAG from 1873-1904, Freiberg 1906.F. A. Freundt: Capital and labour. GBAG 1873-1927, not specified. GBAG (ed.): 25 Jahre Bergbau der VSt bzw. der GBAG 1926-1951 sowie Bericht über die Geschäftsjahr 1951, o. O. (25 years of VSt mining and GBAG 1926-1951 respectively). [1952].Gerhard Gebhardt: Ruhr mining. History, structure and interdependence of its societies and organizations, Essen 1957, pp. 255-285.Ralf Stremmel: Im Spannungsfeld zwischen Staat und Wirtschaft, in: Der Archivar 50, 1997, Sp. 311-326.Ralf Stremmel / Manfred Rasch: Findbuch zu den Bestände Vereinigte Stahlwerke AG und Bergbau- und Industriewerte GmbH, 2 Vol., Duisburg 1996.Alfred Reckendrees: Das "Stahltrust-Projekt". The founding of Vereinigte Stahlwerke AG and its corporate development 1926-1933/34, Munich 2000 (= Series of publications on the "Zeitschrift für Unternehmensgeschichte". 5) References:Supplementary information in the ThyssenKrupp Konzernarchiv, Duisburg:Vereinigte Stahlwerke AG (holdings VSt)Bergbau- und Industriewerte GmbH (holdings BIW)

History of the Inventor: After Adolf Hitler had been appointed Reich Chancellor of the German Reich on January 30, 1933, the NSDAP gradually undermined the democratic system of the Weimar Republic over the following months and finally eliminated it. Decisive stages were the abolition of fundamental rights after the fire of the Reichstag on 28 February 1933 and the abolition of parliamentarism by the so-called Enabling Act of 23 March 1933. The latter abolished the separation of powers and conferred all legislative powers on the government under Adolf Hitler for four years. A further step was the smashing of the parties and unions. After the KPD had been banned, the trade unions dissolved and the SPD rendered incapable of action, the other parties dissolved on their own. In the course of these measures, the six existing municipal umbrella organisations also lost their independence. On May 22, 1933, the chairmen and managing presidents of the German/Prussian Association of Cities, the Reichsstädtebund, the Deutscher Landkreistag, the Deutscher Landgemeindetag, the Preußischer Landgemeindetag West, and the Association of Prussian Provinces were forced to give their consent to the transfer of the various associations into a new unified association. From now on, this "German Community Day" was to be the sole corporate representation of all German city and community associations recognised by the NSDAP. In order to standardize the previous associations with their 80 sub-organizations, the provisional Lord Mayor of Munich, Karl Fiehler, was appointed as "Representative for the Standardization of the Municipal Central Associations". The management of the new association was taken over by Dr. Kurt Jeserich, provisional director of the Institute for Municipal Science in Berlin, and Dr. Ralf Zeitler, speaker at the Reich Employers' Association. The merger process, which lasted for months, finally came to an end in the Law on the German Community Day of 15 December 1933, which finally established the formation of the new association. As the only existing communal top organization, the German Community Day, which as a corporation under public law was fundamentally subordinate to the Reich Minister of the Interior, was forced to include all cities, rural communities, administrative districts, provinces and later also the Reichsgaue in its capacity as self-governing government units. After the integration of Austria and the Sudetenland into the German Reich in 1938, the annexation of West Prussia, Gdansk and Poznan in the following year, the sphere of influence of the German Association of Municipalities was extended to the new parts of the Reich and their Gau administrations. In principle, the association took over the municipal representation of interests for all areas placed under German sovereignty. On February 14, 1934, Karl Fiehler, the previous commissioner for unification, was appointed the first chairman of the German Association of Municipalities. Fiehler was head of the NSDAP's local government department. The personal union was intended to coordinate the orientation of the NSDAP's work in local politics with the work of the German Community Congress and thus to comply with the principle of the harmony of party and state proclaimed at the 1933 Reich Party Congress in Nuremberg. The management of the German Association of Municipalities was subject to the instructions of the chairman and Reichsleiter of municipal politics. Through this entanglement of party and state authorities, the German Community Day came under the "organizations supported by the NSDAP", which was also partly advantageous, since the technical work could be made more effective under the supremacy of the party office. The association was now much more representative of the state. However, the idea of a unitary association with clearly defined tasks and closer ties to the state was nothing new; quite a few saw in it the possibility of better asserting municipal interests. The forced standardization and the practice of the totalitarian state, however, only allowed the possible advantages of the new uniform association to recede into the background. The association was supervised by the Reich Minister of the Interior, who appointed the chairman, the members of the board and the specialist committees. The executive committee and specialist committees were only allowed to meet after being convened by the minister, who also determined the agenda. In addition, he approved the budget and he himself or a deputy had to chair the committees. In addition to the 20 specialist committees, which only had the right to advise the chairman, the state and provincial offices were the only subordinate bodies of the Berlin office. Although the association had a highly centralised structure, the necessary expansion to include regional working groups and county departments in order to increase the exchange of experience led to an organisational structure that was comparable in its approach to that of the old associations. The fact that the association no longer had the right to represent municipal interests before the Reich and Land authorities on its own initiative had a particularly drastic effect. Only after a request by the authorities should the association be allowed to express itself from now on. Before 1933, however, it was precisely this right of initiative that had been decisive for the active representation of interests vis-à-vis the state and the self-determination of municipal associations as part of a pluralistic social order. Despite the organisational and political changes, the German Community Day also played an important role between 1933 and 1945, above all as a community advisory centre and as a mediator of practical experience in the field of local administration. Even the exchange between municipalities and state administration was by no means discontinued, which is evidenced by the active expert activities of the German Association of Municipalities (Deutscher Gemeindetags). A certain continuity in the association's work could also be ensured by the fact that a larger number of executives from the dissolved associations transferred to the new association. The organisational structure of the German Association of Municipalities was basically very similar to that of the German/Prussian Association of Cities. Thus the German Community Day took over the coat of arms of the German/Prussian Community Day, the Holstentor, and also its registry. The annual meetings of the German Association of Municipalities also followed on from similar events of the predecessor institutions. As a result of the bombing of Berlin during the Second World War, the German Community Day moved part of its administrative offices in August 1943 from Berlin to Wels/Upper Austria. The main tasks of the departments there were Ia (civil servants, employees and workers), II (finances and taxes), III (welfare, health and social policy), V (schools), Va (culture), VI (real estate, construction and housing) and Rv (defence of the Reich). It should be noted that only Division III with all registries moved to Wels. The other departments - probably only working staffs - took only parts of their registries with them. Also the cash administration and the personnel office moved to Wels. Departments Z (Central Department: General Administration, Management), I (Constitution and Administration), IV (Economy and Transport) and the Department for the Eastern Territories remained in Berlin. After the collapse of the German Reich in 1945, the German Community Day, due to its status as a "supervised organization", was regarded by the Allies as a part of the NSDAP's outlines and, together with the other organizations of the NSDAP, banned and formally dissolved. The administrator appointed by the Berlin magistrate for the concerns of the German Association of Municipalities did not succeed in correcting this misunderstanding. It was not possible to set up a kind of municipal chamber as the successor to the German Association of Municipalities. The "German Association of Cities", which had already re-constituted itself in 1946, was granted the right to ownership of the property of the German Association of Cities, but it could not bear the financial burden of the reconstruction and repair of the building on its own. Together with the Berlin Senate, the "Verein zur Pflege kommunalwissenschaftlicher Aufgaben e.V." was finally founded and established in 1951 as an asset holder of the German Association of Municipalities. The association, which was soon renamed "Verein für Kommunalwissenschaften", took over the office building in Straße des 17. Juni and also the files stored there. The building, today known as the Ernst Reuter House, was planned by Albert Speer for the German Community Day, erected from 1938 and finally occupied by the German Community Day in 1942. The German Association of Cities, the largest municipal umbrella organisation, initially set up its headquarters in Cologne due to its special status in Berlin. It was not until 1999 that the head office was partially relocated to the Ernst-Reuter-Haus in Berlin. In addition to the German Association of Cities and Towns, the central associations at district and municipal level were also newly formed after the Second World War. The Deutscher Landkreistag and the Deutscher Städte- und Gemeindebund, together with the Deutscher Städtetag, represent the most important municipal interest groups. The Federal Association of Municipal Central Associations offers these three associations the opportunity to present their interests in a bundled manner and to jointly express their views on overarching problems. Inventory description: Inventory history The inventory R 36 consists entirely of the files of the administrative offices relocated to Wels during the war. Apart from the cash documents and personnel files, the whereabouts of which could not be clarified, the Wels stockpiles have survived the war and the turmoil of the post-war period without any losses. They were taken by a member of the German Association of Communities via Linz/Donau, Offenburg, Frankfurt/Main to Siegburg, where the files were first kept at the newly founded German Association of Counties. With the approval of the Federal Association of Municipal Central Associations, the latter handed them over to the Federal Archives in 1953. The records in the Federal Archives represent only a small part of the total records. An estimated three-quarters of the total holdings, which consisted of the non-displaced registry parts of the German Association of Municipalities and the old registries of the dissolved umbrella organisations, remained in Berlin. After the Second World War, the files were stored at the Verein für Kommunalwissenschaften, which handed them over to the Landesarchiv Berlin as a deposit in 1968. There the German Community Day is registered today with 8600 file units. The second largest part of the collection is the legacy of the German and Prussian Association of Cities with 4286 files, whereby its war economy files from the years 1914 to 1918 form a separate collection with 1279 file units. Furthermore, the tradition of the Reichsstädtebund, the Association of Prussian Provinces, the German and Prussian Landkreistag, the German and Prussian Landgemeindetag and other associations that were absorbed into the German Gemeindetag in 1933 can be found in the Berlin State Archives. The German Association of Cities also handed over its old registrations to the Landesarchiv Berlin until 1985. Already in 1937/38 a small part of the files of the predecessor institutions of the German Community Day had been transferred to the Prussian Secret State Archives - today the Secret State Archives of Prussian Cultural Heritage. These holdings had been moved to Stassfurt during the war and then to the German Central Archive of the GDR, Merseburg Department. Today the tradition of the German and Prussian Association of Cities and Towns, the Association of Prussian Provinces, the Prussian County Council and the Prussian West Community Council is again in the Secret State Archives in Berlin-Dahlem. Documents of the German and Prussian Association of Cities, the Reichsstädtebund and the German and Prussian Landkreistag amounting to some 2600 file units, which had been transferred to the Reichsarchiv Potsdam in 1938, were lost in the fire at the archive building in April 1945. Archive evaluation and processing The present finding aid book represents a revision of the finding aid book produced in Koblenz in 1957. Volume counts, as far as they had been specified in the file numbers, were taken over for the volume sequences. In addition, further tape sequences were created for archiving purposes. The transactions contained in individual volumes ("booklets") were included in the titles. For the illustration of the volume and issue divisions, the file numbers are displayed in the index. Furthermore, the titles and the classification, which were based entirely on the file plan of the German Association of Municipalities, were slightly changed. For example, file plan items have been grouped together and the names of individual subgroups have been standardized. The changes were made carefully in order to reproduce as faithfully as possible the traditional registry order, as far as it has been preserved. There were no cassations. Furthermore, it should be pointed out that a large part of the files had been created by the predecessor institutions and then continued by the German Association of Municipalities after 1933. Content characterization: Administration of departments, committees, personnel and salary matters 1926-1945 (24), personnel files 1927-1944 (25), budget, cash and accounting 1939-1943 (2), course of business and management 1936-1945 (10), Publishing affairs 1933-1945 (16), constitutional and administrative affairs 1926-1944 (10), civil service affairs 1916-1945 (350), employee affairs 1932-1944 (41), worker affairs 1932-1944 (55), labor law 1934-1944 (32), Hospital staff 1926-1945 (26), four-year plan 1936-1944 (8), general financial matters, financial equalisation 1920-1945 (40), budget, cash and accounting of municipalities 1923-1944 (37), taxation and tax law 1918-1945 (81), Contributions and fees 1932-1944 (6), wealth and debt management 1922-1944 (24), savings banks, banking 1928-1944 (17), welfare 1915-1945 (354), economic welfare 1914-1945 (126), health 1912-1944 (60), health 1909-1945 (108), Youth welfare 1913-1945 (68), unemployment assistance 1925-1945 (93), social insurance 1921-1945 (62), accident insurance 1925-1945 (100), hospitals 1920-1944 (12), institutions 1912-1945 (177), work service 1924-1944 (41), welfare education 1928-1945 (59), Youth education 1921-1945 (35), Sport 1906-1945 (49), Cemetery and Funeral 1917-1944 (31), Economy and Transport 1935-1939 (3), Education 1913-1945 (167), Vocational and Continuing Education 1920-1944 (26), Technical and Higher Education 1920-1945 (25), Popular education 1933-1945 (8), art, monument conservation, nature conservation 1926-1945 (123), religious affairs 1931-1943 (9), tourism 1934-1944 (3), urban development, roads 1931-1945 (29), road construction, road traffic 1925-1945 (39), agriculture, Forestry and Water Management 1927-1945 (23), General Affairs of the Reich Defence 1939-1944 (4), War Welfare 1937-1945 (18), War Food Economy 1919-1944 (79), Air Protection 1926-1945 (53) State of Development: Online-Findbuch (2007) Citation method: BArch, R 36/...

The documents in this collection were handed over by the Carmel Foundation to the Main State Archives in 2004. Content and evaluation Copies of documents about the Templar community and other Christian communities active in Palestine, compilations about individual persons, documents of the Foreign Office, copies of books and magazines of the 19th and 20th centuries with reference to Palestine, travel descriptions. The temple society is a Christian-chiliastic religious community that originated around 1850 in the Kingdom of Württemberg. On 19 and 20 June 1861 the representatives of the German synods of the "Jerusalem Friends" gathered. The decision was made to leave the church as a group. At the same time the "German Temple" was founded as an independent religious movement, since "none of the existing churches aspired to the production of man as the temple of God and the production of the sanctuary for all peoples in Jerusalem" (according to the founding declaration). Thus the aims of the German temple movement were clearly presented in this founding document. By "observing the law, the gospel, and the prophecy," the members were to make themselves a temple. In addition, the community moved to Palestine. It was certain that the end times were near. In Württemberg and the other German countries about 3000 people joined. In addition, there were trailers from Switzerland, Russia and North America. Christoph Hoffmann and Georg David Hardegg, who had meanwhile fallen out, left for Palestine with their families in 1868 and arrived in Haifa on 30 October 1868. Haifa was selected on the advice of the German consul Weber and a missionary named Huber. At that time Haifa was still an insignificant city of about 4000 inhabitants. In the spring of 1869, the two officially founded the Temple of Haifa as an outpost and reception station. Haifa In January 1869, the German settlers succeeded in acquiring land outside the city walls through the mediation of a citizen of the city. In the period from May to June 1869, three representatives of the "Temple" visited Haifa on behalf of the Board. After their return they advised to accept Hardegg's ideas for the Haifa colony. Hardegg planned to build a road along the already acquired plots, which were located 15 minutes outside the previous town. First, five houses were to be built on each side of the street. In order to provide shade for the settlers during the summer, trees should also be planted along the street. By 1870, the colony already had 14 houses and 120 settlers. Initially, the settlers were mainly engaged in agriculture and viticulture. However, the need to expand the infrastructure and the opportunities it offered were quickly recognised. Thus it was the Templars living in Haifa who set up a carriage service between Haifa and Akko and, with the support of the Latin monastery of Nazareth and some Arab landowners, extended the connection between Haifa and Nazareth and made it passable for carriages. In 1875 the road was finished and the Templars set up a lucrative carriage service that brought tourists and pilgrims to Nazareth. The Karmelhotel was the first modern hotel in Haifa to be built according to the ideas of the time. But one of the most important decisions of the Haifa temple community was made in 1872. A pier was to be built as an extension of the road in the Templar colony. Until then, Jaffa was the only port in Palestine. Since large ships, such as passenger ships, could not enter the port, all passengers had to be transferred in small fishing boats. It was a profitable business for the local population. Friedrich Keller was Imperial Vice Consul in Haifa from 1878 to 1908. His main merit was that after a long dispute with the Ottoman authorities and the Carmelite monks, the German settlement was allowed to be extended to Mount Carmel. Jaffa Only three months after the foundation of the Haifa temple church, there was already the opportunity to plant a church in Jaffa. Five buildings of a former American Adventist colony were acquired through the mediation of the merchant Peter Martin Metzler. Since the buildings included the Hotel Jerusalem with 19 rooms, a hospital with pharmacy and a steam mill, the colonists in Jaffa could quickly offer services to the local population and pilgrims. Next to the Hotel Jerusalem the Hotel du Parc of Baron Plato of Ustinov was opened. By the end of 1870 the Templar colony already had 110 inhabitants in Jaffa. At the beginning, the hotel was an essential source of income for the Templars of Jaffa. Jaffa was then the most important port in Palestine and almost all pilgrims disembarked in Jaffa to continue their journey inland. The carriage rides from the port of Jaffa to Jerusalem and the transport of fruit from their own plantations to the port were therefore important sources of income. The profitability of passenger transport is shown by the fact that in 1875 a separate company was founded for passenger transport. This company concluded a contract with the Cook agency in the same year. Then the Templars should make all the journeys for Cook. With the expansion of transport, the construction and repair of wagons also experienced an upswing. Arabs, too, recognised the opportunities for earning money through transport and founded their own companies. They bought their carriages and wagons in Germany. The Templar Hotel was extended and a department store was built, where wealthy Arabs, among others, bought goods. In 1886 the first settlement was extended by the northern settlement Walhalla. There an important small industry formed around the iron foundry and machine factory of the Wagner brothers from Mägerkingen. Another industrial enterprise was the cement production of the Wieland brothers from Bodelshausen. In 1904 the Immanuelkirche was consecrated, which was designed by the architect Paul Ferdinand Groth. Sarona On 18 August 1871, the Templar Society near the river Jarkon acquired land. The first settler families came to Sarona in 1872. But malaria prevented a rapid expansion of the colony. In 1873 malaria was considered to have been defeated in the surrounding area. The settlers had planted eucalyptus trees and drained the surrounding swamps. But the disease had claimed many victims up to that point. In 1875 there were only 80 settlers in Sarona. Sarona's main source of income was agriculture. Few found work at the passenger transport company of the colony Jaffa. After the expulsion of the Templar Germans from the new state of Israel in 1950, Sarona Hakirya, from 1948 to 1955, became Israel's first seat of government and today a residential district of Tel Aviv. Some of the buildings are still accessible; they are located on Kaplan Street just before it joins Petah-Tiqvah Road. The largest part of the former Templar settlement lay for decades in the restricted area of the Ministry of Defence. The second official seat of the head of government is still located in one of the twelve of about one hundred former Templar houses. Jerusalem Already at the beginning of the 1870s some Templars moved to Jerusalem. Jerusalem, however, was far from becoming a Templar colony. The acquisition of land outside the old town at the upper end of the Rafaiter plain in 1873 and the following years did not change this. Also the considerations of the temple leadership at this time to transfer the leadership of the society to Jerusalem had no effect. There were about 100 Templars in Jerusalem in 1875. A "colony" could not yet be spoken of at this time, although the aim of emigration was to build a spiritual temple in Jerusalem. In 1878 the management of the Temple Society and the seat of the Temple Monastery, a training centre for young Templars, was moved from Jaffa to Jerusalem. This attracted many Templar families to Jerusalem, so that a colony could establish itself. This step towards Jerusalem marked the first completion of the first phase of the Templar occupation of Palestine. Wilhelma, Bethlehem Galilee, Waldheim The Wilhelma colony was established near Jaffa in 1902. In 1906, land for settlement was acquired in Galilee near Nazareth and the Bethlehem-Galilee colony, today Beit Lehem HaGlilit, was built on it. Both settlements, first Wilhelma, which is now called Bnei Atarot, and later also Bethlehem, which was developed only hesitantly, developed into model agricultural settlements. Mennonite Templars from southern Russia settled in Wilhelma next to the Templars. A third settlement, Waldheim, located in the immediate vicinity of Bethlehem in Württemberg, was founded by the German Protestant congregation of Haifa, which had split off from the temple society; it received help from the Society for the Promotion of German Settlements in Palestine m.b.H., based in Stuttgart. The collection documents the history of the German settlers in Palestine as well as the political conflicts in the settlement area in the 19th and early 20th centuries. The inventory comprises 144 units of description with approx. 3.5 linear metres. In April 2016 Peter Bohl

Preliminary remarks History of the authorities: 1855 June Establishment of an independent "Princely Forest Directorate" 1897 June Integration into the Rentkammer as "Forest Department" 1921 April Directorate of Domains and Forests, Forest Department 1924 August Lippische Regierung, Forest Department 1934 October Lippische Regierung Abt. II, Staatsforstverwaltung 1936 June The Reich Governor in Lippe and Schaumburg-L., Landesregierung Lippe, ... 1945 April Lippische Landesregierung, Abteilung II, Landesforstverwaltung 1948 Nov. 1948 Transfer of the forestry department to the Landesverband Lippe (company about the unification of the state of Lippe with the state of North Rhine-Westphalia and company about the Landesverband Lippe, both from 05.11.1948) The tasks of the state forestry administration were 1. in the exercise of the sovereign rights of the state with regard to forestry, hunting and fishing 2. in the management of state-owned forestry Even at the end of World War I, forestry sovereign activity was based on the "Ordinance on the Management of Private and Community Timber" of 1819 (Landesverordnungen Bd. 6, p. 459 ff.); there was no forestry law. With the establishment of the Forest Directorate in 1855, a service instruction for foresters and forest marksmen was issued (see L 94 No. 42) and the division into 13 senior forest rangers (later amended several times) as well as official and service designations were determined. At the beginning of the year 1919 the old Domanial forest administration still existed with the 8 upper foresteries Hiddesen (2132 ha), Berlebeck (3093 ha), (Kohlstädt-)Horn resp. Oesterholz (2940 ha), Schieder (2935 ha), Falkenhagen (2713 ha), Sternberg (1913 ha), Langenholzhausen (1806 ha) and Detmold (672 ha), altogether 35 foresteries with an area of approx. 18,200 ha. - Hiddesen was the former Oberförsterei Lopshorn with seat in the Heidental (renaming 15.11.1918), Langenholzhausen the previous Obf. Varenholz with headquarters in Langenholzhausen, Detmold was called Diestelbruch until 30.05.1912. The seat of the Obf. Oesterholz was renamed to Obf. Horn moved from Oesterholz hunting lodge to the city on 01.08.1927 (Official Gazette No. 62), in 1929 the seat of the Obf. Sternberg into the castle Brake; in addition the merger of Sternberg and Detmold to the Obf took place to 01.01.1929. Brake. By the Domanialvertrag of 31.10.1919 the princely house received the Oberförsterei Berlebeck with the four foresteries Hirschberg, Hirschsprung, Hartröhren and Kreuzkrug. The main task of the State Forestry Administration in the 1920s was the step from administration to "operation", which was caused by modern economic development. The corresponding documentation therefore also takes up a great deal of space. In October 1934, the names of the authorities, offices and services were redefined on the basis of the new regulations introduced in Prussia (see current No. 592). Oberförsterei became Forstamt, Försterei became Revierförsterei. The chief forester became a land forester, a state chief forester a forester, a forester a district forester. Former auxiliary foresters were now called foresters, forest assistants auxiliary foresters, foresters and forest apprentices forest candidates (for administrative service / operational service). Until 1921 the forestry administration was housed in the building of the Fürstliche Forstdirektion, Hornsche Str. 66, built in 1866. After its sale to the company Gebr. Klingenberg, the offices were moved on 1 October to the converted building of the former Fürstliches Marstall am Schlossplatz / Rosenthal (see L 94 No. 10). In June 1924, the company moved again to the government building at Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz and in August it was incorporated as the Lippische Regierung, Forstabteilung (see current no. 597). Julius Feye was the first "forester" of Lippe until his death in October 1896. From May 1897 until his death on 18.04.1925, Oberlandforstmeiser Alois Baldenecker, formerly Prussian Oberförster from Neukirchen, Kassel district, headed the Lippe forestry administration. He was followed by Alfred Reier from Syke near Bremen as a land forester from March 1926 onwards, after provisional management by forester Karl Schmidt from Hiddesen, but he was already retired at the end of July 1933 before reaching the age of 65 (he was born on 18.06.1879) "in order to simplify the state government". The aforementioned forester Schmidt was now to head the state forestry administration in addition to his head forester Hiddesen. However, since it soon turned out that it was impossible to exercise both offices, Dr. Köster, a trainee forestry officer, was hired by the Hiddesen forestry office from November 1935. Schmidt (*15.11.1871) held his office as land forester until shortly before he reached the age of 67 (October 1938), but resumed his duties when his successor Fritz Murmann from Bielefeld was drafted for military service and finally - after an interim U.K. position - fell in December 1942. It was not until 1 March 1946 that Schmidt finally retired, after Alfred Hirsekorn, the Lord Forester from Rinkerode, had been appointed the provisional head of the State Forestry Administration in January of the same year. However, he made his office available in May and was replaced by Otto Wahl from Celle. About 9/10 of the holdings (No. 1-878) originate from the addition 47/1976, which was arranged according to the file plan introduced in 1927 ("conversion of the forest department's registry according to the state budget", see current No. 590) and was valid until the files were handed over to the Landesverband Lippe in 1949. Nos. 879-892 came into the house as entrance 37/1962, No. 893-971 were already signed as L 80 II c No. 1-9, but not listed. At the beginning of 2003, 27 business diaries (journals) were discovered on the access floor (Nos. 972-998). The files essentially cover the period from the creation of the new department registries in 1924 (see current No. 597 and L 75 IV / 1 No. 20) until the transition to the forest department of the regional association; many file covers bear the note "angelegt 1927". Previous files are in stock L 94 (Forstdirektion); continued files or files created only in 1950 and later were assigned to stock D 110. The transfer of file management to the LVL proved to be extremely blurred. The forest department of the government existed until 1949. Very many files contain still some few documents from the years 1950-1951, rarely also 1952. These files were left, if the contents had developed far predominantly in the years until 1949, with the existence L 80.19, since otherwise only one torso would have remained. Obviously, the LVL created new files from 1951/52 and transferred the old registry to the State Archives in 1976. The above-mentioned file plan formed the basis for the order of the inventory, which, however, required numerous changes. General files on the establishment and organisation of the forest administration, for example, ranked 7th among the title groups. Different groups of files had to be grouped or subdivided. Nos 879 et seq. could easily be attributed to the positions of the file plan used. Although the main task of the forest administration was the management of the state forest, the collection also offers a wealth of contemporary historical sources, e.g. for the use of prisoners of war, environmental pollution (fisheries control), tourism, state economic policy (Dörentruper Sand- und Thonwerke, Holzverkohlung Schieder), buildings such as the "Krumme Haus" and the silver mill; - during the Nazi era there were numerous points of contact with the party and various Nazi organizations. Sources: - D 72 Brakemeier no. 2 and 3 (estate of Wilhelm Brakemeier, chief forester in Brake) - L 80.19 no. 590-593, 597 - L 75 IV. 1 no. 20 - L 76 no. 206 (personnel matters, etc.) leitende Forstbeamte) - Die Lippische Landesverwaltung in der Nachkriegszeit, ed. v. Heinrich Drake, Detmold 1932 (Dienstbibliothek C 303) - Lippisches Staatshandbuch (im Lippischen Kalender, Dienstbibliothek A 255) Detmold, Mai 2003 gez. Arno Schwinger P.S.: In July 2005, the addition 35/2004 - Nos. 999-1087 - was added (mainly real estate, land register and cadastral matters as well as redemptions); in June 2009, Nos. 1088 (from L 93 !!) and 1089-1112 (from L 94) were allocated to the L 80.19 portfolio on account of their term and recorded here. signed Arno Schwinger It is to quote: L 80.19 Order number

New property; Relocation; Grand Duke wants Negro; Pension; African company

The property is worth 10000 M.; shall fight for colonies

Content:Phoenix AG for Mining and Metallurgical Operations:Acquired Companies / Mining:Ver. Hörder Kohlenwerk 1853-1925 (8)Helene and Nightingale 1888-1922 (4)Westende 1906-1920 (7)Steinkohlenbergwerk Nordstern AG / Mergers 1859-1923 (13)Gewerkschaft Graf Moltke 1882-1898 (2)Holland Bergbau-AG 1855-1908 (21)Gewerkschaft Zollverein 1882-1949 (25)Allgemeines Verwaltung / Organisation 1877-1929 (122)Field ownership / shareholdings 1879-1959 (10)Mining authority 1870-1926 (23)Mine access railways 1886-1930 (8)Personnel and social services 1897-1926 (38)Mining worker apartments 1872-1926 (26)Administration of the Rheinelbe mines by the Gelsenkirchener Bergwerks-AG (1873 to 1926):Acquired companies / Mines:Ver. Bonifacius AG 1872-1916 (14)Pluto Bergbau-AG 1856-1899 (6)Elsässische Bergwerke GmbH 1899-1905 (15)General Administration 1862-1926 (24)Bergbehörde 1873-1926 (12)Grubenanschlusssbahnen / Kanäle 1866-1927 (19)Ziegeleien 1888-1926 (5)Kokereien 1876-1925 (10)Personal- and Social Services 1869-1930 (48)Miners' housing 1855-1926 (68)Freight and transport issues / Export 1868-1920 (22)Processes 1869-1922 (21)Mining damage 1898-1925 (4)Administration of the mines by the Gelsenkirchen Group of the Mining Department of Vereinigte Stahlwerke AG or der Gelsenkirchener Bergwerks-AG (1926 to 1966):Allgemeine Verwaltung 1923-1959 (25)Statistik 1917-1966 (20)Grubenbetrieb 1933-1963 (2)Bergschäden 1928-1932, 1939 (2)Personalwesen 1905-1960 (9)Werksfürsorge / Werkszeitschrift 1915-1950 (25)Administration of the mines by Rheinelbe Bergbau AG until the transfer to Ruhrkohle AG (1946 to 1969):Graf Moltke Bergbau AG 1952-1955 (15)Carolinenglück / Graf Moltke Bergbau AG 1953-1975 (21)Management and administration by Rheinelbe Bergbau AG 1945-1970 (61)Personnel and social affairs 1922-1972 (33)Special correspondence on labour and social law with the following topics:Abkehr / piecework / employee / investment / wage / unemployment benefit / work regulations / labour law / incapacity for work / working time / vocational training / miner's bonus / miner's supply certificate / Works Constitution Act / double pay clause / travel allowance / Celebration shifts / Things / House work day / House fire / Annual remuneration / Protection of young people at work / Child benefit / Sickness benefit / Termination of employment / Apprentices / Overtime / Maternity protection law / Severely disabled / Social benefits / Collective agreements / Accident prevention / Vacation / Advertising / Housing allowance 1931-1972 (93)Operation monitoring / statistics 1926-1967 (30)Mine operation 1934-1970 (12)Coking plant 1947, 1964-1969 (3)Factory magazine 1952-1959, 1969 (13)Travelogues 1937, 1955-1966 (14)Formation of Ruhrkohle AG:Uniform design of employee support 1951-1972 (32)Executive Board Office for Legal Affairs and Real Estate 1969-1972 (16)Operating records of the mines, cross-company: Nordstern 1/2 colliery / Nordstern 3/4 colliery 1886-1967 (31)Graf Moltke colliery 1867-1965 (11)Holland colliery:Authorized mine survey 1854-1926 (9)Mining operation 1858-1961 (16)Shaft extraction 1855-1926, 1959 (17)Energy systems 1872-1929 (34)Day systems 1890-1926, 1960 (17)Coking plant 1896-1925 (17)Mine connection 1866-1889, 1903-1923 (3)Accidents 1910-1925, 1937-1968 (5)Chemical plants Holland 1897-1916, 1950-1971 (8)Zeche Zollverein:Authorized 1840-1900 (6)Mining 1884-1968 (21)Coking plant 1904-1967 (8)Connecting railway 1891-1927 (4)Bonifacius colliery:Authorized mine survey 1840-1926 (8)Mine operation 1891-1963 (50)Energy systems 1877-1925 (23)Day systems 1900-1927, 1947-1965 (39)Coking plant / by-product extraction 1901-1925 (36)Connecting railway to mine 1892-1928 (18)Pluto mine 1862-1967 (29)Rheinelbe mine:Authorized 1854-1897 (3)Mine operation 1869-1926, 1955-1962 (67)Day operation 1874-1927 (30)Day facilities 1872-1926 (56)Energy industry 1878-1926 (48)Coking plant / by-product extraction 1879-1927 (43)Connecting railway 1877-1925 (14)Mine fire brigade 1877-1965 (119)Alma colliery:Mines 1869-1926 (33)Energy 1862-1925 (16)Day facilities 1869-1926 (34)Coking plant 1893-1965 (22)Connecting railway 1871-1920 (8)Chemical works / Coking plant Carolinenglück 1933-1969 (9)Land:Properties of GBAG 1872-1930, 1963-1969 (72)Properties of Phoenix AG 1899-1928 (22)Properties of Zollverein 1836-1934 (62)Properties of Nordstern 1895-1926 (17)Properties of Holland 1855-1926 (42)Properties of Graf Moltke 1887-1929 (17)Properties of Bonifacius 1870-1931 (9)Properties in the area of Pluto-Thies 1883-1931 (13)Properties in the area of Rheinelbe-Alma 1851-1927 (95)Properties in the area of railways and ports 1867-1931 (28)Property sales 1882-1929 (18)Company history / descriptions:Thematically comprehensive 1875-1969 (10)Pits, alphabetical 1855-1967 (15)Photo collection: UndergroundOvergroundCoke plantsChemical plantsTechnical auxiliariesPits and minesWeirsWorks railwaysTraining above and below groundJubilee celebrationsSocial facilities / health careHousing construction:Mountain Apprentice HomesMiner's HomesCampsPestalozzidörferSettlements / Apartments / FarmsteadsCasinosPeopleGuestsMaps / Plans / Cracks:Bonifacius collieryCarolinenglück collieryCount Moltke collieryHolland collieryNordstern collieryPluto-Wilhelm collieryRheinelbe collieryCustoms Union collieryVertical colliery Hörder Coal WorksCoal Mine LucasVerweis-BBA:Karl Oberste-Brink, Essen - Professor Dr. phil.., Mine director (fonds 36)Bochumer Bergbau AG, Bochum (fonds 40)Dortmunder Bergbau AG, Dortmund (fonds 47)Gelsenkirchener Bergwerks-AG, Essen (fonds 55)Schachtanlage Zollverein, Essen-Katernberg (fonds 115)References to literature:Gelsenkirchener Bergwerks-Aktiengesellschaft und die Betriebsverhältnisse der Rheinelbe-Schächten bei Gelsenkirchen, o. O. o. J. Ludwig Achepohl: The Lower Rhine-Westphalian Mine Industrial Area, Berlin 1894.Gelsenkirchener Bergwerks-Aktiengesellschaft 1873-1898, o. O. Historical development and current status of Phoenix Aktiengesellschaft für Bergbau und Hüttenbetrieb in Hoerde. Memorandum on the 60th anniversary of the company in 1912, Dortmund 1912.F. A. Freundt: Capital and labour. Gelsenkirchener Bergwerks-Aktiengesellschaft 1873-1927, no. O. [1927].GBAG. 10 years of Stahlwerke AG 1926-1936, no. O. 1936].25 years Vereinigte Stahlwerke AG or Gelsenkirchener Bergwerks-Aktiengesellschaft 1926-1951, no. O. [1951].Gerhard Gebhardt: Ruhr mining. History, structure and interdependence of its societies and organisations, Essen 1957, p. 194-199, p. 278 f.Cäcilie Schmitz: Bergbau und Verstädterung im Ruhrgebiet. The role of the mining companies in industrialisation, using the example of Gelsenkirchen, Bochum 1987 (= Der Anschnitt. Supplement 5). References:Supplementary information in the Mannesmann Archive, Mülheim:Phoenix AG für Bergbau und Hüttenbetrieb (Bestand P)

1. 1 The Dukes of Urach Counts of Württemberg: The Dukes of Urach Counts of Württemberg are a branch line of the House of Württemberg. In 1800 the fourth son of Duke Friedrich Eugen von Württemberg, Duke Wilhelm von Württemberg, married a court lady of his mother: twenty-three-year-old Wilhelmine von Tunderfeld-Rhodis. According to the house laws, this marriage with a woman who did not come from the high nobility was uneven; Duke Wilhelm therefore renounced the succession to the throne for his descendants on August 1, 1801. On 20 April 1801 the reigning Duke Friedrich, Duke Wilhelm's eldest brother, had already recognised the marriage as a full marriage to the right hand and determined that the descendants of Duke Wilhelm should bear the name Counts of Württemberg. Thus a new branch line of the House of Württemberg was created. The second son, Count Wilhelm, who also bore the name Wilhelm, was raised to the rank of first Duke of Urach by King Karl in 1867. The new ducal dignity was hereditary in the male tribe; the corresponding elevation of the younger children to the princedom was to underline the close connection of the branch line with the main line and determine its rank immediately after the royal house before all other class masters of the kingdom. Through the conversion of Wilhelm I to the Catholic denomination of his wife and children in 1862, the House of Urach became a consciously Catholic dynasty of princes from the very beginning. With the construction of the Lichtenstein Castle on the Albrand above the Echaztal in 1840/41, the Duke, who died in 1869, set himself a lasting monument. All further details about the House of Urach and its individual members can be found in the article by Wolfgang Schmierer, Die Seitenlinie der Herzöge von Urach (since 1867). In: The House of Württemberg - a biographical encyclopedia. Edited by Sönke Lorenz, Dieter Mertens and Volker Press. Stuttgart, Berlin, Cologne 1997 pp. 376 - 398. The genealogy reproduced after the preface is also taken from this. 2.1 The total holdings of the Archives of Duke of Urach Count of Württemberg: The holdings listed here, the estate of Wilhelm II Duke of Urach Count of Württemberg, represent part of the total archives of the family. This was kept at Schloss Lichtenstein until 1987. Due to a deposit agreement between H.S.H. Karl Anselm Duke of Urach Count of Württemberg as representative of the Herzog family of Urach Count of Württemberg and the State of Baden-Württemberg, represented by the Hauptstaatsarchiv Stuttgart, dated 14 July / 5 August 1987, it has been deposited in the Hauptstaatsarchiv Stuttgart since then. Because of their literary references, parts of the documents of Wilhelm I and Count Alexander were simultaneously handed over to the German Literature Archive in Marbach, where they are stored under the signature D 88.6. The archive was completely unsorted when it was transferred to the Main State Archives. Nor were there any finding aids that could have been reused. Only a part of the documents is listed in a directory of 1927/28, which was included in the delivery; in addition, the order on which this directory is based was fundamentally destroyed at an unknown time. A large part of the material was unpacked or stored in open cartons. In 1995, Archive Director Dr. Wolfgang Schmierer carried out an initial inspection, tidying and preliminary packaging of the material. He subdivided the entire collection into partial collections, to which he assigned signatures corresponding to the numbering of the family members in his article on the Herzog von Urach Graf von Württemberg family, which was written parallel to the work on order. The GU 1 et seq. sub-funds to be structured in more detail comprise documents on real estate and asset management. The GU 100 sub-collection contains foreign archives and collections. The GU 101 - 134 partial holdings were created as personal estates of individual family members and GU 201 - 203 of related parties. Some overlaps were inevitable. If documents were kept throughout the period of activity of a single duke, they were assigned to the signatures GU 1 et seq. in the order An overview of the current status of the subdivision into partial holdings can be found below. It is possible that the structure will be modified in the course of further development work. An impressive record of Wolfgang Schmierer's work from February 10, 1995 to March 21, 1996 (Kanzleiakten 7511.5-2-D.1: Erschließung des Archivs der Herzöge von Urach) provides information on the orderly work carried out by Wolfgang Schmierer. 2.2 The subportfolio GU 117: The following subportfolio GU 117 Herzog Wilhelm II. von Urach comprises documents, which Wolfgang Schmierer has formed in the course of his order work Wolfgang Schmierers. Duke Wilhelm II (1864 - 1928) was born as the first son of Wilhelm I and his second wife Princess Florestine of Monaco in Monaco and already at the age of five the second Duke of Urach. He entered the traditional military career and was commander general of the Generalkommandos z.b.V. in the First World War. No. 64 and General of the Cavalry. In 1927 the volume Die 26. Infanterie-Division im Weltkrieg 1914 - 1918, Teil I 1914 -1915, edited by him, appeared in the series Württembergs Heer im Weltkrieg. Wilhelm II. ran several times for a vacant throne: 1910 for Monaco, 1913 for the new Kingdom of Albania, in the war for Poland and for a Grand Duchy of Alsace-Lorraine and 1918 for the planned Kingdom of Lithuania. Arnold Zweig used the episode of his election as King of Lithuania, in which he was given the name Mindaugas II, in his 1937 novel Einsetzung eines Königs. In 1922 Wilhelm, who devoted himself to scientific activities after the war, received his doctorate in philosophy from the University of Tübingen with a dissertation on the urban geography of Reutlingen. Wilhelm II married Amalie Herzogin in Bavaria in 1892 (1865 - 1912). The marriage produced four sons (Wilhelm III, Karl Gero, Albrecht, Eberhard) and five daughters (Maria Gabriela, Elisabeth, Carola Hilda, Margarethe, Mechthilde). In his second marriage he married Wiltrud, née Princess of Bavaria, in 1924, and since the partial holdings of Duke Wilhelm II are particularly extensive and of particular importance in many respects (applications for the throne, constitutional status of the House of Urach, World War I), Wolfgang Schmierer, in agreement with the Landesarchivdirektion Baden-Württemberg, made the decision to place his indexing at the beginning of the indexing of the entire holdings and to apply for third-party funding. Within the framework of a project of the Stiftung Kulturgut Baden-Württemberg, which we would like to take this opportunity to thank sincerely for its support, the temporary employee Hansjörg Oswald was able to demetalise, open up and package GU 117 in the period from November 1995 to July 1997. Wolfgang Schmierer was personally responsible for the support. Due to the serious illness, which he finally succumbed to on 7 October 1997, Wolfgang Schmierer was unable to complete the classification and final editing of the title recordings, which he had largely worked on. This was done by the undersigned in May 2000 with the support of Katharina Ernst, a trainee archivist. At the highest level, the holdings are divided into civil and military documents. The sequence of title recordings within the individual items corresponds to the chronology. This also applies to correspondence files; since these have been kept very differently over the years, they have not been formed into series. After development and packaging, the GU 117 subportfolio comprises 1354 tufts and volumes totalling 36.4 linear metres with a duration of 1864 to 1929. The use by third parties is regulated as follows in the Depositalvertrag: The consent of the head of the Herzog von Urach Graf von Württemberg family must be obtained before the archive can be used by third parties. Conditions may be imposed on consent. If consent is not refused or restricted, the management of the Main State Archives - within the framework of the regulations for use of the state archives of Baden-Württemberg - regulates the use. In any case the users are to be obligated to respect the personal rights. Stuttgart, 20 June 2000Dr. Robert Kretzschmar Ltd. Archive Director