Collection - Prussian and imperial authorities with regional jurisdiction

Description of the collection: At the beginning of the 19th century.
century, administrative reforms were introduced in Prussia with the October Edict of 1807 and the
administrative reforms were introduced in Prussia with the October Edict of 1807 and the town ordinance of 1808. The
The hereditary subservience of the peasants was abolished and the towns were given
independence. Municipal and state functions were clearly separated
separated from each other, as were justice and administration. <br /><br
/>After the Wars of Liberation and the agreements of the Congress of Vienna
1814/15, ten Prussian provinces were formed as part of a territorial reform in 1815.
provinces were formed. Berlin belonged to the province of Brandenburg. At the head
of the province was the Oberpräsident, who, as commissioner of the state government
for the security of the province externally and for the unity of the province internally.
province internally. <br /><br
/>Administrative authorities at the middle level remained the governments.
As universal authorities, they managed all local and special authorities
of their area on the basis of ministerial directives. The government
Berlin existed from 1816 to 1821. After its dissolution, the military and construction
and construction matters were transferred to two ministerial commissions, headed by
headed by a joint president. These commissions grew in the first half of the
half of the 19th century to form a single authority - the
Ministerial, Military and Building Commission - which was responsible for the city of
functions of a government for the city of Berlin together with the police president.
exercised the functions of a government. <br /><br />At the lower level, the following were created in 1815
district offices were created in 1815, which for the first time governed the inhabitants of a
regardless of their place of residence in the city or the countryside - under a single
administration. <br /><br />This territorial organization
and the three-tier administration essentially remained in place until the Second
World War II. <br /><br />In 1850, the new
"Municipal Code for the Urban and Rural Municipalities of Prussia"
of 1808 was modified; changes to civil rights and voting rights
electoral law required a revised version dated May 30, 1853. <br
/><br />The "Kreisordnung für die sechs östlichen Provinzen" (district regulations for the six eastern provinces)
of 1874, in addition to the state administration by a district administrator, a
self-government of the district - the district committee. It was responsible for
general administrative matters and administrative jurisdiction
of first instance. Towns with more than 25,000 inhabitants could leave the
county and form their own urban districts. <br /><br
/>In 1875, a new "Provinzialordnung" was passed. As a
self-governing body, the Provincial Association was created, which represented the
represented the districts. Its responsibilities were limited to tasks relating to
transport, social and health services, culture and agriculture.
agriculture. The provincial parliament acted as the legislature, the
governor as the executive. Berlin's special position as the capital of
of Prussia and the empire as well as its special conditions allowed
the Provincial Order allowed Berlin to be separated from the Brandenburg Provincial
Provincial Association. However, Berlin continued to be under the control of the
of the Province of Brandenburg. In 1876, some tasks were handed over to the magistrate
administration and maintenance of all public roads, squares and bridges as well as public lighting,
squares and bridges as well as public lighting. <br
/><br />On April 1, 1881, Berlin left the province of Brandenburg
and formed its own urban district. The district president in Potsdam
lost his powers; the Chief President of the Province of Brandenburg remained
supreme authority in municipal supervision. In addition, the Chief of Police
continued to exercise the government functions granted to him since 1822. The
state authority of the district committee, whose president here was the
President of the Ministerial, Military and Building Commission, remained
responsible for commercial matters and disciplinary measures. <br
/><br />In 1911, the Prussian state parliament passed a law on the formation of the
formation of the Zweckverband Berlin, which from 1912 united Berlin with some
municipalities and initiated the formation of a single municipality.
initiated. This process was completed in 1920 with the formation of the municipality of
Greater Berlin was completed. <br /><br />With the
Prussian constitution of 1920, the structure of the Prussian administrative
administrative system at provincial and local level was hardly affected. However
some of Prussia's powers were abolished with the administrative reforms of the Weimar
Republic were abolished. <br /><br />The Reich received an extensive
extensive administrative apparatus in the central and local authorities.
The system of financial administration was particularly affected; for the province of
Brandenburg and for Berlin, two state tax offices with subordinate financial and
financial and tax authorities were created. The railroad administration was transferred to the
the Reich, including the Berlin Railway Directorate. The
Reich Ministry of Labor was given its own substructure in the same year with
the main supply and pension offices. In 1922, the Reich finally took over
finally took over the entire waterways. <br /><br />Despite the
formation of these Reich-owned authorities, some of which were exclusively or primarily
were primarily responsible for the capital Berlin, until the end of the
Weimar Republic, the Chief President of the Province of Brandenburg was responsible for
administration and, according to the instructions of the Prussian
State Ministry also had a decisive role in political matters. <br
/><br />In 1933, the office of Gauleiter of the NSDAP of the Kurmark was combined with
with that of the Chief President of the Province of Brandenburg and Berlin. In
Berlin, a "State Commissioner for Special Use" was appointed, to whom
1934 the municipal supervision of Berlin, which had previously been the responsibility of the
municipal supervision of Berlin. Since 1936 the Berlin
state commissioner as "city president" also became responsible for higher education
the Chief President only retained overall supervision for a few
only a few administrative branches in Berlin. <br /><br />In 1934
the "Law on the Reorganization of the Reich" abolished the sovereign rights of the
state governments had been abolished. As a result, the Prussian
ministries were merged with the Reich ministries and the chief presidents became
representatives of the Reich governments in the provinces. <br
/><br />Including the local authorities, in 1935 the
the judiciary in 1935, the secret state police and the regulatory police in 1936 and
the public chambers were transferred to the Reich. <br /><br />On January 1.
January 1937, Berlin received a new constitution, according to which the city became a
"urban district with the tasks of a provincial association". At the head
administration was headed by a "Lord Mayor and City President", who
who simultaneously headed the municipal and state administration. He also assumed
the duties of the government and chief president. Only the
only the duties of the Chief of Police, trade supervision and price control
and the building and finance directorate remained independent. <br /><br
/>In 1944, the "Ordinance on the Constitution and Administration of the
capital Berlin", a government president was appointed who also held the
function of police president and was also the city president and
was at the same time the chief president. <br /><br />After the collapse of the
German Reich, the Allies, with the Control Council Law No. 47, dissolved the
dissolved the State of Prussia on February 25, 1947. <br /><br />The
Prussian authorities and Reich authorities with responsibility for Berlin
for Berlin are kept in the Berlin State Archives. Already by decree of 4.
August 1936 had already stipulated that the records of the middle and lower
and lower Reich authorities to the responsible state and provincial archives
which administered them on behalf of the Reich. After the
the state archives had been established in the western part of Berlin, in the spring of
spring of 1953, an agreement was reached between the Berlin Senate and the Federal Archives
that the corresponding holdings of the former Brandenburg
Provinzialarchiv from the Berlin Main Archive (today's Secret State Archive
Prussian Cultural Heritage) to the State Archives. The
transferred holdings were given the designation "Pr.Br.Rep."
(Prussian-Brandenburg Repositories), which is still valid today. <br
/><br />The Berlin City Archives, located in the eastern part of the city, as the
state archive for the capital of the GDR has also preserved corresponding holdings.
These records were often returned by the Soviet Union in the 1950s.
50s of the twentieth century to the GDR. <br /><br
/>References: <br /><br />BA Central Reich Authorities <br
/>GSTA Central Prussian Authorities <br />BLHA Brandenburg Provincial Authorities
Provincial authorities <br /><br />Literature: <br /><br
/>Administrative-Statistical Atlas of the Prussian State. Berlin
1927/28, reprint Berlin 1990. <br />Collection of laws for the
royal Prussian states, Berlin 1806 ff. (from 1907 ff. Prussian
Law Collection). <br />Handbook of Prussian History, ed. by
Otto Büsch and Wolfgang Neubauer, Berlin 1992 ff. <br />Handbuch über
the Royal Prussian Court and State, Berlin 1795 ff. <br
/>Handbook of the Prussian Administration. Edited and published by Rudolf
von Bitter, 2 vols, 3rd revised edition, Leipzig 1928. <br />Hue de
Grais, Robert Graf: Handbuch der Verfassung und Verwaltung in Preußen und dem Deutschen Reiche
the German Empire, 24th ed., Berlin 1927. <br />Jahrbücher für die
Prussian legislation, jurisprudence and legal administration. On behalf of
of the Royal Ministry of Justice by Karl Albert von Kamptz, vol. 1 (1814)
ff. <br />Königlich-Preußischer Staats-Kalender, Berlin 1854 ff.
<br />Schlenke, Manfred: Preußen-Ploetz. Prussian history for reference
reference, Freiburg/ Würzburg 1987.<br />A 4

Landesarchiv Berlin (Archivtektonik) >> A Bestände vor 1945

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• German

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