The governor of Shandong, Yang shy hsiang, visits the Chinese port city of Tsingtau and visits the port there. Here you can see the departure from the pier on sand wagons. / Photographer: Scherl

• 1920 - 1922, Municipal Archive Worms, 020 Municipal Cultural Institutes (1934-1979) description: Contains: Correspondence with artists and artist associations (alph.) from O to R, among others: Wilhelm Ohly, Franz Olbert, Heinrich Otto, Hermann Pampel, Bruno Panitz, Richard Petraschke, Gerhard Pfaff, Konrad Pfau, Hartmuth Pfeil, Alexander Posch, Fritz Quant, Otto Raber, Willi Rahmsdorff, Hermann Rahn, Rosel Rasor, Walther Reitzel, Marcel W. Richter, Paul Rippert, Auguste Roll-Richter, Hugo Ronge, Dina Roth, Walter von Ruckteschell, Klara Rühle Darin: Zeitungsausschnitt über Sonderausstellung von Marcel W. Richter Contains: Correspondence with artists and artist associations (alph.) from O to R, among others: Wilhelm Ohly, Franz Olbert, Heinrich Otto, Hermann Pampel, Bruno Panitz, Richard Petraschke, Gerhard Pfaff, Konrad Pfau, Hartmuth Pfeil, Alexander Posch, Fritz Quant, Otto Raber, Willi Rahmsdorff, Hermann Rahn, Rosel Rasor, Walther Reitzel, Marcel W. Richter, Paul Rippert, Auguste Roll-Richter, Hugo Ronge, Dina Roth, Walter von Ruckteschell, Klara Rühle<br />Darin: Newspaper clipping about special exhibition by Marcel W. Richter

Contains among other things: Ordinance on the Recruitment of Natives in D e u t s c h - O s t a f r i k a (from "Amtlicher Anzeiger für Deutsch-Ostafrika", 1913) Native Labour in Angola. Report on the Organisation of Native Labour in East Africa and its Possibilities for Organising Work on a National Socialist Basis, Berlin 1938 Guidelines for the Processing of the Colonial Ethnological Handbook of Africa Proposals for the Organisation of Working Conditions for Europeans and the Introduction of Reich Insurance in the Colonies

Contains: newspaper cuttings

Contains among other things: Trials of the Telefunkengesellschaft against the company Huth because of patent infringements, 1913 range attempts of the Telefunken-Gesellschaft from Nauen to Togo and Sayville (near New York), Nov. 1913 equipment of ships with radio stations, Dec. 1913 radio station of the Deutsche-Südseegesellschaft für drahtlose Telegraphie in Jap (Karolinen) and Nauru (Marshall Islands) in operation, Dec. 1913 radiotelegraphic length determinations between the stations Eiffelturm and Arlington, Dec. 1913. 1913 Wireless telegraphy in and with the German colonies (newspaper clipping of the "Hamburger Nachrichten"), 1914 patent situation in the field of wireless telegraphy, Jan. 1914 Safety of passenger transport by sea (memorandum of the German government), 1912 - 1914 Opening of the Danish radio station Blaavandshuk, 1914 International treaty for the protection of human life at sea, 1914 Range tests of Nauen with the "Cap Trafalgar" in the Atlantic Ocean, with maps, March - Apr. 1914 Minutes of the meeting of the committee for joint work in the field of radiotelegraphy, 14th Feb. 1914

Samoan warrior with headdress. In his hands he holds a head knife. / Photographer: Scherl

Inventory description: Following the imminent prohibition of the Great General Staff by the Treaty of Versailles in 1919, various military personnel (including Hans v. Seeckt, Wilhelm Groener, Hermann Ritter Mertz v. Quirnheim and Hans v. Haeften) endeavoured to be able to continue the former war-historical department of the Great General Staff as a civilian institution for future military historiography and evaluation of world war experience. After approval by the Reich Cabinet, the war-historical section was therefore taken over by the Reichsarchiv, newly founded on October 1, 1919, due to the dissolution of the Großen Generalstab. The first president of the Reichsarchiv was Major General Hermann Ritter Mertz v. Quirnheim until 31 October 1931, and Colonel Hans v. Haeften became head of the war history department. In addition to its function as the archival centre for the history of the German Reich since 1867, the Reichsarchiv also served as a research centre for the development of a major World War II work and for the evaluation of the war experiences of the World War II from 1914 to 1918 for the Reichswehr and a future rearmament. In 1924 the war history department was renamed the Historical Department. Its main task was to elaborate and publish the official military World War II work, together with the supplementary volumes on war armaments and war economy as well as the field railway system. She was also responsible for the publication of the series "Schlachten des Weltkrieges" ("Battles of the World War"); she also supported the "Erinnerungsblätter deutscher Regimenter" ("Memory Sheets of German Regiments") and the "Forschungen und Darstellungen aus dem Reichsarchiv" ("Researches and Presentations from the Reichsarchiv"). On November 1, 1931, retired Major General von Haeften became President of the Reichsarchiv, and his successor as Director of the Historical Department was Lieutenant Colonel Wolfgang Foerster. After the National Socialist seizure of power and the transition to open rearmament, the Reichsarchiv was reorganised according to military criteria. The official military and war historiography and military archives became the task of the Wehrmacht. From April 1, 1934, the Historical Department was under the control of the Reichswehr Ministry; one year later, it was completely removed from the Reichsarchiv and renamed the "Forschungsanstalt für Kriegs- und Heeresgeschichte" (Research Institute for War and Army History). On 1 April 1937 it was given the name "Kriegsgeschichtliche Forschungsanstalt des Heeres" (War Historical Research Institute of the Army), to which the library and printing works of the Reichsarchiv also passed. The military archives of the Reichsarchiv were taken over by the Heeresarchiv in Potsdam, which was newly founded on 1 April 1936. The former director of the research institute was promoted to president of the department. Foerster held this position until the end of the war. As a subordinate office of the Chief of the General Staff of the Army, the KGFA was now subordinate to the Commander-in-Chief of the Army. In the autumn of 1938, the General Staff re-established the office of Oberquartiermeister V under Lieutenant General Dr. Waldemar Erfurth, who was responsible for all war-historical and archival facilities of the army (7th War Science Department in the General Staff, Chief of the Army Archives, War History Research Institute). The KGFA was exclusively responsible for military historical research with the continuation and conclusion of the World War II work as well as the supplementary volumes. In addition, the research and presentation of the post-war fights of German troops and free corps as well as the fights in the colonies should be started. With the outbreak of the Second World War, however, Foerster's planned completion of work on the World War II plant at the end of 1942 was considerably delayed. At the end of September 1942, the KGFA was placed under the authority of Walter Scherff, the newly appointed "Representative of the Führer for Military Historiography" and head of the War History Department in the High Command of the Wehrmacht, Colonel (later Major General) Walter Scherff, on 17 May 1942. During the British air raid on Potsdam on 14 April 1945, extensive documents and archives were destroyed by fire, a large part of which had already been destroyed in an air raid on 14 February 1945. De facto the work of the War Historical Research Institute of the Army also ended with this. Structure of the KGFA (Source: RH 61/72): 1st President: Head of the Central Office (Z), at the same time responsible for personnel (ZP), budget (ZH) and mobilization matters (g. Kdos.); Head of Administration (ZV), for Central Office (ZB) with registry, post office, chancellery and printing office 2nd Division A: Director Group I : World War Plant Group II: War Armaments and War Economy 3rd Division A: Director Group I: World War Plant Group II: War Armament and War Economy 3rd Division A: War Department Department B: Director Group III: Colonial War Group IV: Military Railways Group VII: Research on 1918 Group VIII: Franktireur War Group IX: History of Heavy Artillery Group 4: Independent Groups Group V: Post-War Battles Group VI: Maps Group X: War and Army History up to the Beginning of the World War Group XI: Research Association for Post-War History Group XII: Individuals Library Other General Tasks: Warschuldfragen, Verwaltungsgeschichte Belgiens, Wehrwissenschaftliche Gesellschaft, Reichsinstitut für Geschichte des neuen Deutschlands Vorgänger der Kriegsgeschichtlichen Forschungsanstalt (KGFA) was the war history department of the Great General Staff of the Prussian Army, which was dissolved at the beginning of the war in 1914 and newly formed in the Reich Archives in 1919. Characterisation of the contents: The military archives of the German Reich suffered extraordinarily large losses during the Second World War, above all due to the destruction of the files remaining in the army archives during the Allied air raid on Potsdam on 14 April 1945. This also affected the documents of the Kriegsgeschichtliche Forschungsanstalt. Employees of the civilian Reich Archives and the Army Archives in Potsdam who had worked on behalf of the Soviet occupying forces until February 1946 were, however, able to recover large parts of the files of the Kriegsgeschichtliche Forschungsanstalt from the damaged building. They were transferred to the Central Archive of the Soviet Occupation Zone (later the Central State Archive of the GDR), which was newly founded in July 1946, where they were grouped under the "Reichsarchiv" holdings. The holdings were rearranged by the Central State Archives of the GDR in Potsdam and recorded by hand on index cards. For the most part, the traditional file titles were adopted, but in many cases supplemented by "Contained" notes. After it had been processed, the documents of the research institute were separated from the remaining documents of the Reichs- und Heeresarchiv and in the mid-1980s handed over to the military archive of the National People's Army (NVA) in Potsdam. The files were stored there under the inventory designation W 10. After the state end of the GDR, the documents were transferred to the Bundesarchiv-Militärarchiv in Freiburg in 1994 and were added to the existing holdings in Freiburg. The KGFA documents contained in RH 61 arose primarily in connection with the work on the World War II plant. It includes business files, correspondence files, research papers, studies, field reports, manuscript drafts, fair copies, flag proofs, copies of files of military and political authorities and agencies, of war diaries and personal records of officers, as well as notes of editors and newspaper clippings. In addition, detached parts of original documents, in a few cases even entire files, from the Reich Archives or Army Archives are in the process of being handed down. The documents offer an important replacement for the considerable war-related gaps in the records of the Prussian-German army before 1919. The present provisional index (copy of the index cards) of the KGFA holdings consists of the two parts of the records in Freiburg (RH 61) and formerly in Potsdam (formerly W 10). It is intended to merge the two separate stocks. State of development: Online-Findbuch Scope, Explanation: 2500 Citation method: BArch, RH 61/...

View of the Villa Vailima in Apia, currently the seat of the German Governor of the Samoa Colony / Photographer: Scherl

Photographer: Blumer?. Phototype: Photo. Format: 8,2 X 10,7. Description: with Fez, newspaper holding in camera.

Chinese craftsmen are trained at the Tsingtau shipyard by German mechanics. In the middle: the teacher and mechanic Limbach, left: the two Chinese housefathers. / Photographer: Scherl

Contains among other things: Newly founded industrial companies in the SU - Overview of metallurgical areas, coal mines and clay industry enterprises in Ekaterinoslaw-Donez`schen´Steinkohlen and ore basins - Export and trade reports - Expansion of the railway network in Japan - Overview of German capital investments in overseas countries. Contains: Establishment of new industrial companies in Russia p. 5/12, p. 93/105 - Documents pp. of the Central Office for Preparation of Commercial Agreements p. 13, p. 20, p. 240/242 - Insolvent companies "Rosenstein

Märkische Volks-Zeitung, No. 156Berlin

Newspaper articles, lectures, circulars, correspondence with state and church authorities, especially on collecting and ordination of missionaries

The Bushmen, Heinrich Vedder, 18 p., ms., 1912; Report on the Bushmen and thoughts on their future, by Th. Wetschky, Grootfontein, 1913; 2 newspaper clippings on the Bushman question in Grootfontein, 1913 1914; The Bushmen, Result e. Interrogation, by Friedrich Pönnighaus, 11 p.., ms., Ill., 1926; The Bushmen in North Southwest Africa, N. N., 7 p., hs, under the Bushmen in South West Africa, Alfred Unterkötter, 10 p., ms., o. J.; I will exterminate the wizard with you, Alfred Unterkötter, 14 p., ms., o. J.; Experiences between Operet and Onguma, Alfred Unterkötter, 4 p.., ms, no year; Self-biography of the Bushman //Kou-goa-//ob, Alfred Unterkötter, 13 p., ms, no year; Among the Bushmen of Southwest Africa, Alfred Unterkötter, 9 p., ms., no year;

Soldiers and equipment in front of the team building of the German Schutztruppe in Schatsekou near Tsingtau / Photographer: Scherl

Contains among other things: Clauss, Georg, 1937-1938 Crump, Norman, English economic journalist, information trip, 1937 Deneke, Dr. - "Der Freitrunk im Braugewerbe" (essay), 1937 Der Sturm, Die Zeitung der Wehrgemeinschaft, 1937 Deutsche Akademie für Bauforschung. Invitation of Austrian housing and settlement experts to Germany, 1937 Deutsche Bau- und Bodenbank, 1937 Deutsche Gesandschaft in Den Haag, 1937-1938 Deutsche Grammophon Aktiengesellschaft, 1936-1937 Deutsche Kriegerfürsorge in Wien, 1937 Deutscher Kolonialkrieger-Bund e.V., 1937 German shipping magazine "Hansa" - Foreword of the Reich Minister of Labour to the 50th anniversary of the Seeberufsgenossenschaft, 1937 Deutsche Weltwirtschaftliche Gesellschaft e.V., 1935-1937 Deutsche Wohnstätten- und Hypothekenbank, 1937 Deutsche Zahnärzteschaft e.V., 1937 German-French Society - Honorary membership of the Reich Labour Minister, 1936-1937 German Community Day - Ministerial speech of 22 Apr. 1937 at the meeting of the community building councils in Hanover, 1937

Street between palm trees in the German colony New Guinea / Photographer: Scherl

Contains among other things: Applications for authorisation to issue shares, 1900-1909; advice on a draft law on the issue of small shares in consular districts and in the Kiantschou protectorate, 1909, 1911; newspaper article on the reform of stock corporation law in Italy, 29./30.1.1914; state authorisation to set up joint-stock companies and ban on the sale of shares or other shares in colonial companies abroad, 1917-1919; grievances and excesses in the formation of joint-stock companies, 1922.

The newly built station of Tsingtau with a train of the Schantung-Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft / Photographer: Scherl

Preliminary remark: A council of soldiers was probably formed in Stuttgart as early as the first days of November 1918. One of them appeared publicly on 9 November under the leadership of the deputy officer Albert Schreiner, who became the first minister of war in the Bios government on the evening of the same day. In some garrisons, such as Ulm and Ludwigsburg, soldiers' councils were formed before the workers' councils. At the suggestion of several soldiers' councils, delegates from the Württemberg garrisons met for a first state assembly on 17 November under the chairmanship of the new "Head of Warfare" Ulrich Fischer. It decided to form a seven-member state committee, in which the larger locations each sent a representative. The second state assembly on 11 / 12 December expanded the state committee to 21 members and adopted provisions for the Württemberg soldier councils. In addition to the statutes issued by the government for the workers', peasants' and soldiers' councils of 14 December, they formed the organisational basis for all the soldiers' councils within Württemberg. After that, like the workers and peasants councils, they were recognized as the revolutionary foundation of the new system of government, but the executive power should lie exclusively with the government and the traditional authorities. Only at the lowest level were the company councils directly elected, which then met in the next higher level as the battalion council and elected a committee for day-to-day business. This system continued upwards. At the top was the "Soldiers' Council for Württemberg", to which the individual garrison councils sent one delegate per 500 military personnel. They met in the regional assembly and appointed the regional committee, whose chairman was Sergeant Fridolin Wicker22. November 1918 - 25/27 February 1919Deputy official Willy Bettinger25/27 February - 1 June 1919Landwehrmann Typesetter Wilhelm Hitzlerab 1 June 1919Second chairman was Landsturmmann Gastwirt Albert Schaffler.the Landesausschuss, largely composed of members of the (majority) Social Democratic Party, dismissed individual representatives as shop stewards in the departments of the War Ministry, Generalkommandos, etc. In particular, there was a good relationship with the last minister of war, Herrmann, so that the state committee was able to influence Württemberg's military policy until the early summer of 1919 and assert the rights of the soldiers' councils. In special cases, such as during the riots in April 1919, the state committee of the workers' and peasants' councils and the state committee of the soldiers' councils met for joint meetings.The "Provisions on the Reconstruction of the Württemberg People's Army", drawn up among other things by the State Committee, sought to incorporate rights of participation and forms of organisation of the councils into the new Army Constitution of the Republic, which, however, was not applied in view of the different concept for the Reichswehr. Rather, the local soldier councils were abolished after the dissolution of the old army on 30 June 1919. Only seven members of the state committee remained until 30 September. As early as April 1919, Dr. Erich Troß, who had had to interrupt his training for the Bavarian archival service due to the war and who at the time was engaged in reconnaissance work for the Landesausschuss der Soldatenräte, had suggested that the records of the Württemberg councils and other suitable documents should be brought together to form a "revolutionary archive". The two state committees immediately took up this proposal, so that in May "Provisions on the Establishment of a Württemberg Revolutionary Archive" could be agreed with Troß. The request to the subordinate councils to also deliver to this archive has been largely complied with by the garrison councils, with the exception of some workers' and peasants' councils. Only in one case does this also apply to the soldiers' councils of the troops, since their records often reached the Reichsarchiv branch in Stuttgart together with the documents of the troops themselves and are now contained in the M holdings of the Hauptstaatsarchiv. Moreover, Troß was only able to devote a short time to his self-imposed task because he was employed as an editor by the Frankfurter Zeitung. In 1920 the material, which had grown up until then, was handed over to the (today's) Main State Archives and in 1921 it was indexed by a provisional finding aid - probably by Eugen von Schneider. Both this repertory and the relevant files were destroyed in an air raid in 1945. Probably time-related reasons prevented the inclusion of the holdings in the printed general survey in 1937, so that it was only after the Second World War, in accordance with the self-conception of the two state committees, that the holdings of e-possessions were moved in directly behind the holdings of the State Ministry under the signature E 135.In 1957, Robert Uhland again produced a cursory find book, but he assumed that at a later date a detailed indexing and order had to be carried out. When the councils around 1975 found the special interest of historical research and started preparations for the 1918 exhibition of the Main State Archives in 1978, such a comprehensive indexing appeared all the more urgent. However, this could only be carried out with multiple interruptions, mostly within the framework of the training of the trainee officers and mainly the aspiring inspectors. In 1985, the re-drawing of the entire collection was completed, so that a breakdown by provenance was possible. Since then, the documents of the National Committee of the Workers' and Farmers' Councils and some subordinate local councils, i.e. essentially the former tufts 64 - 86, have formed stock E 135a, while the former tufts 1-63 have been combined to form the present stock. The structure of both stocks was developed in the lessons of the 1986 year class of prospective inspectors. The final order and the editing of the finding aid book for E 135b followed in 1989/90; the computer-assisted printout was produced by Hildegard Aufderklamm in the State Archives Ludwigsburg. Initially, no great importance was attached to the written form, but later, in any case, a part of the incoming and outgoing letters in circulation seems to have come to the attention of the individual members. This also applies in general to the subordinate garrison councils. The uniqueness of the tradition seemed to justify a more or less sheet-wise distortion, so that from the mentioned, hardly ordered original clusters about 6000 title recordings grew. After the provenienzgerechte separation also within the individual soldier councils the mostly very small tufts of the same subject could be united in many cases, so that the stock now comprises 1429 tufts in 3.4 shelf meters. Including the Ministry of War, there does not seem to have been any written document regulations in use in the contemporary Württemberg administration that could be applied to the councils in view of their comprehensive competence. The present inventory classification was therefore created inductively on the basis of factual aspects as they arose on the basis of the preserved material, mostly consisting of factual documents. Only the order of the military subjects in the narrower sense was based on the "Einheitsaktenplan für den Bereich der Heeresleitung und des Ministeramts", Berlin 1931: According to the tectonics of the two state archives in Stuttgart and Ludwigsburg, the individual provenances of the "Revolution Archive" should have been assigned to the E, F and M holdings. On the other hand, it seemed appropriate to maintain the original context as it was given by the delivery as a whole to the Central State Archives. The tradition of the garrison councils has therefore been inserted - parallel to that of the local workers' and peasants' councils - as an appendix to the inventory of the National Committee of Soldiers' Councils and has been developed in the same way. Nevertheless, the diversity of the main activities of the National Committee should still become apparent. General discussions and considerations, disputes and disputes, as they were primarily presented in the state assemblies and the meetings of the state committee, are to a large extent reprinted at: Regionale und lokale Räteorganisationen in Württemberg 1918/19, edited by Eberhard Kolb and Klaus Schönhoven (Quellen zur Geschichte der Rätebewegung in Deutschland 1918/19, II), Düsseldorf, n. J.This work also contains numerous short biographies of the political events of the time involved.Ludwigsburg, in March 1991Cordes

Two cavalrymen of the Schutztruppe von Deutsch-Ostafrika ride along a road on zebras / Photographer: Scherl

Government school Namanula in the hilltop settlement near Simsonhafen on New Guinea / Photographer: Scherl

Soldiers of the German Schutztruppe in front of the signal station of Tsingtau with training flags. / Photographer: Scherl

New Guinea: a Hamburg barque at the factorial building of the Hernsheim company

English aid ship 'Brüssels', brought in by the Germans, which sailed under Captain Fryatt, in D e u t s c h - O s t a f r i k a during the First World War / Photographer: Scherl

A settlement for the Chinese apprentices employed at the Tsingtau shipyard was built at the large harbour, with the dining hall on the right and the residential farms on the left. / Photographer: Scherl

Recording date: 01.03.1900 The German flag is hoisted in Mulinu. / Photographer: Scherl

The German Africa researcher and colonial politician Carl Peters (Mi. sitting) with his wife, his secretary Knoefel (left) and Governor Willcox (right) in Mudzatal in Portuguese East Africa. (undated shot) / Photographer: Scherl

Newly built school for natives in the German colony of Samoa / Photographer: Scherl

For the photographer, Samoan warriors show how to use their head knives in battle / Photographer: Scherl

The Samoan Grand Chief Tamasese next to the former Governor Samoas Solf (now State Secretary in the Reichsk.-Amt) at the Berlin Spring Parade / Photographer: Scherl

Contains among other things: Bernegau, L.; colonial economic and colonial-chemical communications. (reprint from the Apotheker-Zeitung), 1900