The history of the Franck company ranges from the foundation of the chicory factory in Vaihingen in 1828 to the transition to Nestlé Deutschland AG, Frankfurt in 1987. A description of the company history was omitted in favour of a chronicle in tabular form. The files recorded in this finding aid book originate from a file delivery from 1978, which took place on the occasion of the firmation with Nestlé Gruppe Deutschland GmbH, Frankfurt (since 1987 Nestlé Gruppe Deutschland AG) and the transfer of the management of Unifranck Lebensmittelwerke GmbH to Munich. The printed company chronicles were taken from the previously unrecorded library records in the Ludwigsburg State Archives, which were also handed over in 1978, to complete the unprinted company chronicles of inventory PL 5. The structure of the records was based on the organisational plan of the Heinrich Franck Sons Central Administration of 1919 (PL 5 Bü. 145) and the existing old signatures. The registry order to be derived from the organizational plan and the old signatures, which was arranged according to the type of products manufactured, the central connection to Ludwigsburg or Berlin and the location of the branch, was reduced to the location and departmental responsibility according to the organizational plan of 1919 due to the incomplete nature of the archive records (some registry signatures were missing completely) and easier access. The products manufactured were not taken into account as distinguishing features. Little can be said about the history of the company archive. The central offices in Ludwigsburg and Berlin had the main significance. In 1935 the trademarks were transferred "for security reasons" from the registries in Ludwigsburg and Linz to Berlin (StAL PL 5 Bü. 145). From 1943 to 1947, a large-scale transfer of files and advertising material to Ludwigsburg took place (StAL PL 5 Bü. 1). To what extent and according to which criteria cassations were carried out until the files were delivered to the Ludwigsburg State Archives in 1978/1981 must remain open. The fact that they took place can be concluded from the incomplete registry signatures. Dr. Ruth Kappel was responsible for organising and indexing the finds as part of her practical training as a business archivist from October to December 1991. Dr. Günter Cordes took over the indexing and completion of the finding aid in 1992. The inventory was packaged by Bruno Wagner. The data acquisition was done by Hildegard Aufderklamm.Ludwigsburg, January 1992Ruth Kappel Company chronicle: 1827First attempts at chicory coffee production by Johann Franck, owner of a confectionery and speciality shop in Vaihingen/Enz1828Establishment of the chicory factory in Vaihingen/Enz by Johann Heinrich FranckEstablishment of chain stores for the production of intermediate products:- 1832 Darre in Steinbach (today Wernau, district of Esslingen)- 1844 Darre in Großgartach (today Leingarten, district of Heilbronn)- 1851 Darre with roasting plant and mill in the Rieter valley near Enzweihingen (today Vaihingen, district of Ludwigsburg)- 1855 Darre in Meimsheim (today Brackenheim, district of Heilbronn)Later foundations with freight railway connection:- 1855 Darre in Bretten (Baden)- 1880 Darre in Eppingen (Baden)- 1880 Darre in Marbach/Neckar1867 Death of company founder Johann Heinrich Franck1868 Relocation from Vaihingen to Ludwigsburg (direct railway connection)1871 Firmation to Heinrich Franck Söhne OHG, LudwigsburgFoundation of branches:- 1879 Linz/Donau- 1883 Komotau (today CR)- 1883 Milan 1883 Basel- 1887 Bucharest H. F. S. OHG, since 1924 AG- 1888 Kaschau (today CR)- 1892 Agram (today Zagreb)- 1895 Flushing (near New York)- 1896 Pardubitz (today CR)- 1909 Nagykanizsa (Hungary)- 1910 Skawina near Krakow (today Poland)- 1911 Mosonszentjanos (Hungary)Acquisition of the factories and market shares of competing German coffee producers until 1928:- 1883 Daniel Voelcker in Lahr/Baden (founded in 1883) 1806)- 1897 Gebrüder Wickert in Durlach- 1899 Ch. Kuntze und Söhne GmbH in Halle a.d. Saale- 1899 Krause und Co. in Nordhausen/Harz- 1900 C. Trampler in Lahr/Baden (founded in 1793)- 1908 Emil Seelig AG in Heilbronn- 1910 Bethge and Jordan in Magdeburg- 1911 F.F. Resag AG in Köpenick- 1911/12 Spartana-Nährsalz GmbH in Dresden- 1914 G.G. Weiss in Stettin (founded in 1793) 1866)- 1916 Pfeiffer and Diller in Horchheim- 1916 August Schmidt in Hamburg- 1917 Hillmann and Kischner in Breslau- 1917 Richard Porath GmbH in Pyritz- 1920 A.F.W. Röpe (descendant) in Hamburg- 1926 J.G. Hauswaldt in Magdeburg- 1928 Georg Josef Scheuer in Fürth (founded in 1928) 1812)1911 Participation of Heinrich Franck Söhne OHG and Kathreiner-Malzkaffee-Fabriken, Munich, in Resag AG Berlin-Köpenick1913 Founding of Kornfranck GmbH in NeussAffiliation of Heinrich Franck Söhne to Internationale Nahrungs- und Genußmittel AG (INGA) in Schaffhausen1914 Establishment of the northern sales management in BerlinTransfer of the registered office of the newly founded Heinrich Franck Söhne GmbH from Halle to BerlinConversion of Heinrich Franck Söhne OHG Ludwigsburg into a GmbH 1918 At the end of the first quarter of 1918, Heinrich Franck Söhne OHG Ludwigsburg was converted into a GmbH 1918. World War IIIn the successor states of the Danube Monarchy, independent Franck companies are formed in the form of national stock corporations. foundation of the Central European Agricultural and Operating Company in Berlin, Großwerther since 1928, for improved raw material supply. 1920 foundation of the FUNDUS Handelsgesellschaft mbH in Linz with significant participation of Heinrich Franck and sons. In 1922, Heinrich Franck Söhne firms in Germany join Allgemeine Nahrungsmittel GmbH (ANGES) in Berlin (after 1930 renamed ZIMA Verwaltungs-GmbH, Berlin). ANGES' task: Coordination of procurement, technology, sales and finances1928 Centenary celebrations in Ludwigsburg and Halle1933 After the seizure of power, the international interdependence of the economy is increasingly restricted.1939 Outbreak of the Second World WarIncreasing shortage of raw materials leads to rapprochement between Heinrich Franck and sons as well as the competing company Kathreiner.1943 Beginning outsourcing of the Berlin administration to Ludwigsburg1944 Merger of Franck and Kathreiner to form Franck und Kathreiner GmbH, Vienna1945 After the end of the war, reconstruction began in the western zones in:- Karlsruhe (founded by Kathreiner)- Ludwigsburg (founded by Franck) - Neuss (founded by Franck)- Regensburg (founded by Kathreiner)- Uerdingen (founded by Kathreiner)Headquarters of the company management becomes Ludwigsburg.1964 The Austrian plants in Linz and Vienna become independent.1964 The Austrian plants in Linz and Vienna become independent. By entering the delicatessen ("Thomy's") business, the company name was changed to Unifranck Lebensmittelwerke GmbH1965 Franck is now the leading supplier of over 70
n of the INGA.1970 Transformation of INGA into Interfranck Holding AG, Zurich1971 Merger of Interfranck-Holding AG with Ursina AG to form Ursina-Franck AG, Bern1973 Takeover of the corporate assets of Ursina-Franck AG by Nestlé Alimentana AG, Vevey (Switzerland)1976 formation of Allgäuer Alpenmilch-Unifranck-Vertriebsgesellschaft mbH (Allfa), Munich1978 Allgäuer Alpenmilch AG takes over the majority of Unifranck's share capital, Munich1978 relocation of Unifranck's head office to Munich and merger with Allgäuer Alpenmilch AG. In Ludwigsburg, the only factory that can still continue the tradition of the company's founding as a producer of coffee products remained to this day. In 1987, Nestlé Maggi GmbH and Allgäuer Alpenmilch AG merged to form Nestlé Deutschland AG. Unifranck Lebensmittelwerke GmbH became a minority shareholder of Nestle Deutschland AG, Frankfurt. The group comprises 23 factories in Germany. Organisation of the Heinrich Franck Söhne headquarters from 1919 onwards: 010 Management - Regional Committees and Advisory Boards014 Executive Person020 Central Department for Organisation024 Organisation, Central Office030 Central Department for General Administration:031 Business Accounting032 Money and Financial Accounting034 Delivery Accounting036 Legal Department037 Tax Department040 Central Department for Commercial Factory Management:041 Good Purchasing045 Permanent Witness Purchasing047 Warehouse Witness Purchasing049 Goods Directorate050 Central Department for Technical Factory Management:051 Processing of goods and production054 Printing office055 Central technical office060 Central sales department:061 Central sales office070 Central social administration department:071 Employees075 Social security and financial services employees076 General workers080 Central control department:081 Farm accounting082 Calculation of costs088 Variety statistics089 Freight and tariff officePost office of the central branches Literature: 100 years Franck 1828-1928, Ludwigsburg/Berlin, 1928.Wolfgang Schneider: The Unifranck Advertising Media Archive in Ludwigsburg, in: Ludwigsburger Geschichtsblätter, 31/1979, pp. 79-83 The capital of Cichoria, Ludwigsburg and the coffee media company Franck, catalogue for the exhibition of the Ludwigsburg Municipal Museum, 1 Dec. 1989 to 1 Dec. 1990, Ludwigsburg 1979.

• Darin: - Bl. 1: Das freie Wort : Frankfurter Monatsschrift für Fortschritt auf allen Gebiete des geistigen Lebens, ZDB-ID: 545015-9 ; 10(1910)14 - Bl. 4: Arthur Schopenhauer und das Christentum im Anschluss und zur Fortsetzung von Weltanschauung das Unglück und der Christ : a contribution to a better understanding of the riddles of our existence and the world. - 36 S. - Arolsen : C. Loewié, 1910 - Bl. 6: Decree of the Minister of Spiritual, Educational and Medical Affairs of 18 January 1911 concerning the care of young people. - 16 S. - Berlin : J. G. Cotta, 1911 - p. 10: The twenty-third German Protestant Kirchengesangvereinstag zu Hannover from 2 to 3 October 1911 - 62 pp. - Leipzig : Breitkopf

Note: The holdings contain archival material that is subject to personal protection periods in accordance with § 10 Para. 3 Sentence 2 ArchG LSA and until their expiration is only accessible by shortening the protection period in accordance with § 10 Para. 4 Sentence 2 ArchG LSA or by accessing information in accordance with § 10 Para. 4a ArchG LSA. Find aids: Findkartei 1991, Findbuch 2014 (online searchable) Registraturbilddner: In February 1897, the Aktien-Maschinenfabrik Kyffhäuserhütte Artern emerged from the Paul Reuß sheet metal and coppersmith's shop that had existed since 1881. The main products were agricultural equipment and machines for customers at home and abroad. In 1904 the company joined the Wohnungsbauverein Artern eGmbH as a co-partner. In 1910 the Maschinenfabrik merged with Ergon-Kosmos AG in Karlsruhe, in 1912 with Ruhrwerke Motoren- und Dampfkesselfabrik AG in Duisburg and finally took over Eisenwerk Brünner AG (later GmbH) in Artern in 1938. Sales offices were established in Elbing/Westpreußen (today Elblang, Poland), Nuremberg, Duisburg, Prague and Karlsruhe as well as Wroclaw, Gdansk, Berlin, Frankfurt/Oder, Hanover and Vienna. In the 1920s and 1930s the production and sales offer of the company was considerably expanded. In particular, Kaha, planet and zenith milk separators, ice machines, various types of steamers, steam generators, potato and milk can washing machines, shot and fertilizer mills, boilers, hay and straw blowers, boilers and radiators were offered. During the 2nd World War, war materials, anti-aircraft accessories and gunships were also built. Between 1946 and 1949, the company was confiscated, sequestered and liquidated, and converted into the machine factory of Soviet AG Maschinenbau vorm. Kyffhäuserhütte (SAG) in the Transmasch combine. In 1952 the company was transferred into public ownership as VEB Maschinenfabrik Kyffhäuserhütte. Inventory information: In 1988, the company archive of the VEB Kyffhäuserhütte Artern handed over to the State Archive Magdeburg documents of the Aktien-Maschinenfabrik Kyffhäuserhütte Artern and its successor company which had been indexed via a number list and an incomplete card index. The partial revision of the index data was carried out in 1991 by an archival assistant, with minor corrections to archive signatures, durations and file titles. There were no cassations of archive material. In 1994 the Landeshauptarchiv Magdeburg transferred the files to the newly founded Landesarchiv Merseburg. In 2011 the card index was first retroconverted in the archive program scopeArchiv, in 2014 the final archive processing of the files took place. Additional information: Further parts of the company tradition of the Kyffhäuserhütte Aktienmaschinenfabrik Artern or from the time of the VEB Maschinenfabrik Kyffhäuserhütte are kept in the Museum Kyffhäuserhütte (Artern, Oberer Hof) and at the Kyffhäuser Maschinenfabrik Artern GmbH (Artern, Otto-Brünner-Straße 4). Literature: Krombholz, Klaus: Agricultural engineering of the GDR. Light and shadow. Möller, Florian, Hübner, Sebastian: History of the Kyffhäuserhütte Artern (in: "Der Goldene Pflug" Förderverein Dt. Landwirtschaftsmuseum e.V. Stuttgart /Universität Hohenheim, pp. 33-44 Photos included: 10

History of the authorities: After the National Socialists seized power, special courts were added to the existing criminal courts on the basis of the decree of the Reich government of 21 March 1933 (RGBl. I p. 136). The legal basis for this was Chapter II of Part Six of the 3rd Ordinance of the Reich President of 6 October 1931 on Securing the Economy and Finance and Combating Political Violence (RGBl. I p. 565). The special courts were formed for the Higher Regional Court districts and were composed of a chairman and two assessors. The special court rulings were not subject to appeal. By decree of 27 March 1933 on the formation of special courts (Bad. Justizministerialblatt Nr. 6 vom 28.3.1933, p. 47), Mannheim was designated as the seat of the special court for the Karlsruhe Higher Regional Court district. The public prosecutor's office at the Mannheim Regional Court was the prosecuting authority. The registry of the Mannheim Regional Court was also the registry of the Special Court. The allocation of business to the Special Court was made by the President of the Long Court. With effect from 1 November 1940, a separate special court was formed at the Freiburg Regional Court for the districts of Freiburg, Constance, Offenburg and Waldshut. The jurisdiction of the special courts was generally governed by the following provisions:1. § 8 of the Law against Betrayal of the German National Economy of 12.6.1933 (RGBl. I p. 360);2nd Ordinance of the Reich President for the Protection of People and State of 28.2.1933 (RGBl. I p. 83);3rd Ordinance of the Reich President for the Defence against Insidious Attacks against the Government of the National Survey of 21.3.1933 (RGBl. I p. 135);4. law against insidious attacks on state and party and for the protection of party uniforms of 20.12.1934 (RGBl. I p. 1269);5. law for the guarantee of the right peace of 13.10.1933 (RGBl. I p. 723);6. law for the protection of the party uniforms of 13.10.1933 (RGBl. I p. 723);6. law for the protection of the party uniforms of 20.12.1934 (RGBl. I p. 1269) 134 b Reichsstrafgesetzbuch according to the ordinance of the Reich government of 24.9.1935 (RGBl. I p. 136);7. § 134 a Reichsstrafgesetzbuch according to the ordinance of the Reich government of 5.2.1936 (RGBl. I p. 97);8. ordinance of 20.11.1938 (RGBl. I p. 1632) for crimes that belonged to the jurisdiction of the jury court or a lower court if immediate conviction appeared necessary;9th Ordinance on Extraordinary Broadcasting Measures of 1.9.1939 (RGBl. I p. 1683);10. § 1 of the War Economy Ordinance of 4.9.1939 (RGBl. I p. 1609);11. § 1 of the Ordinance Against Popular Pests of 5.9.1939 (RGBl. I p. 1679);12. §§ 1, 2 of the Ordinance Against Violent Criminals of 5.12.1939 (RGBl. I p. 2378);13. § 239 a Reichsstrafgesetzbuch;14. Law against road theft by means of car traps of 22.6.1938 (RGBl. I p. 651);15. § 5 of the War Special Criminal Law Ordinance of 17.8.1938 (RGBl. I p. 1455): according to decree of the Reich Ministry of Justice of 27.5.In 1940, after the jurisdiction of the Wehrmacht courts to convict civilians for criminal offences under § 5 of the War Special Criminal Law Ordinance had been transferred to the general courts, the prosecuting authorities were instructed to bring charges before the Special Court in all significant cases.16Furthermore, charges could be brought before the Special Court for violations of the Act Implementing the Four-Year Plan of 29 October 1936 and of the Ordinance on Penalties and Criminal Proceedings for Violations of Price Regulations of 3 June 1939. History: The establishment of the special court in Mannheim as a department of the regional court there was not without difficulties. The frequent change of court referees had an effect on the conduct of official business. This had a negative effect not least on file management. The office was located in Heidelberg during the war. The court partially met in Karlsruhe. As a result of the district events, the special court files were partially destroyed. Many files were sent to other judicial authorities at the end of the war. During the occupation of the court building in Heidelberg in the spring of 1945, the files of the special court registry were thrown into the cellar, all lacings were loosened and so disordered that the context of the individual case-related documents no longer existed. Some of the files were outsourced by the occupying power in various places. In the summer of 1948, the written material was successively returned to the public prosecutor's office at the Mannheim Regional Court and, from 1976 onwards, several partial deliveries were made to the General State Archives. Order and distortion: The present collection is divided into two main parts. The first part lists the procedural and investigative files. From the years 1933 and 1934, only the reference files of the trial files have survived; of the investigation files, with a few exceptions, the years 1933 to 1935 are completely missing. Since, however, the process and investigation registers recorded in the second part of the finding aid have been preserved, at least the activity of the court can be reconstructed. The entries in the register are shown in a selection in this finding aid (cases for which no files are available). 1976 Mr. Wilhelm Steinbach began with the title entries. The completion or revision was carried out by the undersigned.Karlsruhe, in January 1993Manfred Hennhöfer[slightly revised version of the preface from 1993] Conversion: In 2015, the indexing data were converted to fonds 507 and processed into the available online finding aids. For technical reasons, the structure of the data and the structure of the data records had to be changed. However, the content of the indexing information was retained in its entirety. Alexander Hoffmann was responsible for the conversion and data import, while Dorota Wendler and the undersigned, Karlsruhe, were responsible for editorial work related to the import. In February 2016, Dr. Martin Stingl, published references to the literature: Hans Wüllenweber: Special dishes in the Third Reich. Forgotten crimes of justice. Frankfurt a.M. 1990.Christiane Oehler: The jurisdiction of the special court Mannheim 1933¿1945. Berlin 1997.Homepage of the Arbeitskreis Justiz Mannheim e.V.: http://www.akjustiz-mannheim.de/ .

Preliminary remark: The inventory contains documents from all areas of the State Forestry Administration. The administration of the forestry office is well documented, as is the administration of the state forest. The management of the corporate forest has been handed down through documents on the municipal forests of Altlussheim, Heidelberg, Hockenheim, Käfertal (Mannheim-), Ladenburg, Mosbach, Neckarau, Neulussheim, Oftersheim, Otterstadt, Plankstadt, Schwetzingen, Seckenheim and Speyer as well as the hub forest of Altlussheim. Some few documents are available for the management of the Wehrmacht forest Schwetzingen. Some documents are dedicated to the management of the private forest. The stock 392 Schwetzingen was newly created with documents from the stocks 392 access 1988-33, 392 access 1990-30, 392 access 2003-36, 392 access 2004-27, 392 access 2004-40, 392 access 2004-55, 392 access 2004-56, 392 access 2004-59, 392 access 2004-90, 392 access 2005-140, 392 access 2007-59 and 442 access 2004-103.Dr. Jürgen Treffeisen(August 2010)

The Presidents of the State District of Baden: With the decree of the American military government of 13 July 1945, the emeritus literary scholar Prof. Dr. Karl Holl was appointed Chief President of the Landeskommissarbezirk Mannheim. His work remained limited in the first few weeks to Mannheim and the surrounding area. Karlsruhe was initially under French occupation. By reorganizing the French and American zones, the Americans extended Holl's sphere of competence to the Baden part of the newly formed state of Württemberg-Baden. On September 3, 1945, Holl was released in the course of an American denazification measure. On September 10 Dr. Heinrich Köhler was appointed. While the individual ministries of the state of Württemberg-Baden in Stuttgart communicated with the Württemberg authorities without intermediate authority, in the American zone of the Baden state territory the state district administration of Baden was interposed, with the exception of the organisation of the administration of justice, which consisted of five departments: President - Internal administration - Labour, social affairs and reconstruction - Cult and education - Finance. The documents of these departments were included in the files of the later Regierungspräsidium Karlsruhe. With the death of Heinrich Köhler on 6 February 1949, the time of a full-time state district president in Baden was over. The position of state district president was only filled on a provisional basis. In this function, Gustav Zimmermann initially held office until his death on August 1, 1949. Until January 11, 1951, Dr. Edmund Kaufmann also served only briefly as provisional state district president. He was succeeded by Ministerial Director Dr. Hans Unser until his death on 27 November 1951. The last president was Dr. Hermann Veit. The formation of the state of Baden-Württemberg in 1952 with the establishment of the four administrative districts unified the administrative division in the new federal state. Tasks and powers of the President: The individual departments of the state district administration were responsible for the specialist tasks. The President, who was able to intervene in the competence of the departments, reserved the right to participate in all fundamental matters as well as in the appointment and promotion of civil servants. In March 1947 the course of business of the presidential office was reorganised. President Köhler reserved the right to sign in draft and in execution all decisions of fundamental and political importance, certain decisions in personnel matters, all matters reserved by the President for signing, all lectures to the State Ministry and letters to the Ministries in Stuttgart. In 1950, the then President Dr. Kaufmann reorganised his competences and tasks within the Baden district administration. He stressed that he should be involved in all administrative matters of fundamental, political and financial importance. In addition, all personnel matters of fundamental or political importance were reserved for the President. The other competences of the President are resolutions of fundamental, political, organisational and financial importance for the district of Baden or which affect the business activities of all the regional district directorates, complaints of official oversight, draft budget for information, notification of budget overruns of a certain amount, representation of the district administration in its entirety, certification of subsidies in excess of DM 200, publication of the official gazette of the district of Baden. Structure and organization of the Presidential Department: In 1947, the Presidential Department was divided into two departments: Department 1: Head of Service, Presidential Affairs, County Council Affairs, State Ministerial Affairs, Representation Affairs, Legal Affairs, Presidential Staff, Motor Affairs, Press Affairs, Official Gazette of the County Administration, Correspondence on more important matters and those of fundamental importance from Department 2. Unit 2: Civil servants' and salaried staff's rights and collective bargaining regulations for civil servants and public sector workers (general), appointment and dismissal of civil servants and recruitment of employees, right to travel and removal expenses (general), State budget matters, factual and personal expenditure of the Bureau, co-administration of representation matters, disposition funds, certifications (legalisation of documents), special mandates of the President, deputisation for Unit 1.A slightly different picture was provided by the business distribution plan of 5 May 1950. The tasks of the Presidential Office were now divided into three units. Unit 1 was called "President", Unit 2 "Legal Unit", Unit 3 "Human Resources and Budget Unit". Traditional history: The written records of the presidential office of the president of the state district of Baden are always singular if they were created within the exclusive competence of the personally small presidential office, i.e. for representation matters, contacts with the press, approval of support, various honours and partly in personnel matters. A typical feature of a large part of the files is the numerous newspaper clippings that they contained, which served to inform the President. This collection forms a unique source for the immediate post-war period. Not only does it document the structure of the German administration in the North Baden area and the beginnings of the new state structure in the German southwest, but it also reflects the misery and the manifold problems faced by the population, administration and politics in view of the catastrophic consequences of the war and the collapse, and the way in which they were coped with. The registry of the president of the Baden district filed the documents in accordance with the Badische Amtsregistraturordnung by H. Fackler (1905). The main headings of this classification were retained in the reorganisation of the stock. Further literature: The President of the State District of Baden (1945-1952). President's Office. Inventory of the holdings 481 in the General State Archive Karlsruhe. Edited by Jürgen Treffeisen, Stuttgart 1997 (Booklets of the State Archive Administration Baden-Württemberg. Published by the Landesarchivdirektion Baden-Württemberg. Series E General State Archive Karlsruhe Issue 1). Conversion of the finding aid: The inventory 481 was ordered and recorded by Dr. Jürgen Treffeisen in the years 1991 to 1993. He provided the finding aid book with a detailed account of the history of the authorities, which is still valid and on which the abridged explanations in this finding aid are based, and a detailed report by the editor. The inventory was printed in 1997. The indexing data for inventory 481 were transferred to the software ScopeArchiv as part of the project "Conversion of old finding aid data" of the General State Archive Karlsruhe, which was carried out by Guido Fögler in the years 2006-2008, in order to be able to produce an online finding aid from it. The project was supervised by Alexander Hoffmann, who - apart from very little remaining work by the undersigned - also took over the final editing of the converted finding aids. Because corrections had to be made and supplements inserted, the converted finding aid replaces the content of the old finding aid book from 1993 and the printed inventory from 1997.Karlsruhe, January 2011Dr. Martin Stingl

Inventory description: Abt. 209 Postcards Size: approx. 9000 pieces in 9 wooden boxes and 4 cartons, including 1. 3730 original postcards Worms/Umland and approx. 80 digital copies = 3521 registered pieces 2. approx. 5700 pieces other postcards without Worms or regional reference as well as duplicates Duration: after 1880 - 2001 How the postcards came into the archive and in which period the postcard collection was built up is not known. It is likely that these are mainly individual donations from users and smaller purchases. The collection also includes digital copies based on original originals in private ownership. In January 2006, the postcards of Mrs. Gerlinde Mauer, a temporary worker at the Jewish Museum, were re-sorted, while the existing group sorting was retained. From March to November 2011 the motifs related to Worms and its immediate surroundings as well as the military postcards were scanned with 300 dpi in original size and described by Mrs. Ingeborg Abigt in Augias until February 2012. For this purpose, a new classification was developed based on the old one. In addition, more postcards have been added ever since. The collection is stored in 10 wooden boxes in the magazine, shelf no. 46. The focus of the postcard collection is on collected views of Worms sights and views of the churches. The collection also contains a large number of military and propaganda cards, as well as postcards relating to the Grand Ducal Family. One part is unmarked, another has been sent by post and is marked with text, addressee and stamp. Since these are already published pictures, the stock is released for use. Reproductions, however, can only be made for private purposes due to the predominantly unclear legal situation. Exceptions are postcards of the publishers Christian Herbst and Füller, which can also be used for commercial projects and publications, as the city of Worms owns the rights, and postcards older than 70 years and therefore in the public domain. The find book was printed and bound in May 2012: Literatur Reuter, Fritz (Ed.), Worms in alten Ansichtskarten, Frankfurt 1979 Worms, postcards of Kunstverlag Christian Herbst, Worms 1903 Klug, Ernst, Worms in alten Ansichten, Zaltbommel/Niederlande 1978 Schwarzmaier, Hansmartin, Geschickte Illusion und erlebte Wirklichkeit. Picture postcards from the 1st World War, Karlsruhe 2003 (DD 15) Photographers Aero-Lux, aerial photographs, Frankfurt am Main Angermüller, Heinz Atelier Giesinger

Curriculum vitae of Karl Fritz: Karl Fritz, born on 29 November 1914 in Pfullendorf as the son of a plasterer and a part-time farmer, was made possible by a scholarship to attend the grammar school in Constance. Immediately after graduating from high school, he completed his work service, which was followed by military service with the infantry regiment 114 in Konstanz and with the military district command in Ehingen an der Donau. From November 1, 1938, the day he joined the NSDAP, until October 31, 1941, he was an administrative candidate for the "upper middle administrative service" (including Überlingen, Konstanz, and Stockach), and from November 1, 1942 he was employed as a government inspector in various positions (including Karlsruhe and Sinsheim). From the summer of 1943 until the end of the war, he had joined the Wehrmacht and served in southern France. Based in Freiburg since October 1945, Karl Fritz resumed his administrative duties at the Ministry of the Interior. In 1952, he was transferred to the Transport Department of the South Baden Regional Council, where he retired in 1977 as a senior civil servant. Karl Fritz died on 29 November 1990 in Freiburg. Inventory history: According to family tradition, Karl Fritz, possibly inspired by the example of an uncle, began to "collect" contemporary historical material at an early age. Posters from the authorities in which he was employed were completed, and duplicates of posters and brochures were the main focus of his collection. This is enhanced in terms of content by the collection of banknotes, above all emergency money, which has been collected from all over the German Reich. The "Karl Fritz" collection (stock W 307), which had grown to 40 m, was donated to the Freiburg State Archives in 1993. An initial inspection revealed that not all the documents were worthy of archiving. In addition, the collection contained material that was difficult to include in the documentation profile of the State Archives. Extensive order work followed. First, the newspaper collection and the literature on contemporary history were transferred to the service library of the State Archives and - in the case of documents on military history - to the Federal Archives and Military Archives; then the posters were separated and the W 113 collection of Karl Fritz posters was formed. A number of posters of East Prussian origin were handed over to the Geheime Staatsarchiv Preußischer Kulturbesitz, some pieces of Berlin origin to the Landesarchiv Berlin. The same happened with the picture material, from which the present collection W 145/2 - Bildsammlung Karl Fritz arose, which was catalogued and digitised by Annika Scheumann and Martin Schittny. The collection now comprises 938 numbers in 0.4 lfd.m.Freiburg, in September 2010Kurt Hochstuhl

Content: With the "Verordnung über die Anmeldung des jüdischen Vermögens" (Ordinance on the Registration of Jewish Property) of 26 April 1938 (Reichsgesetzblatt 1938 I 414 f.), legal transactions with which Jews made dispositions over certain parts of their property became subject to approval. The main licensing authority in Baden was the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Economics. The ¿Ordinance on the Use of Jewish Property¿ of 3 December 1938 (Reichsgesetzblatt 1938 I, pp. 1709-1712) tightened this regulation in such a way that the licensing authority could expressly force the lawful owners to sell certain assets. In addition to ownership of commercial enterprises, real estate and securities, such conditions were also imposed on works of art with a value of over 1000 Reichsmark. The present inventory contains files on those individual cases in which the Baden Ministry of Finance and Economic Affairs approved or instructed the so-called "aryanisation" of assets (predominantly commercial enterprises and real estate). There are also applications from individual citizens for the acquisition of companies or properties whose "Aryanization" was planned. There is also evidence of files on companies that had been victims of boycott measures against Jewish companies in 1933 as well as lists of controlled assets from the period after 1945.Karlsruhe, in February 2016Lutz Bannert Inventory history: The documents of the present inventory came to the General State Archive (access 1967-19) as a delivery from the Karlsruhe Regional Council and initially formed the inventory 505 "Aryanization files". Because these files were mainly created at the Baden Ministry of Finance and Economics, they were re-signed at the end of the 1990s to 237 entries 1967-19. Files with a term beginning after 1945 were created at successor authorities of the Ministry of Finance, i.e. at the President of the State District of Baden, Economics Department, or at the Economics Department of the North Baden Regional Council. They contain negative responses to requests from restitution authorities, courts and Jewish successor organizations for "Aryanization" files. Due to the connection in content with the files of the Ministry of Finance, they were left in their present form. Access to the files was provided by a file that was converted at the end of 2015 and then processed into an online finding aid. Karlsruhe, February 2016Dr. Martin Stingl

History of the authorities: The former Landesanstalt für Pflanzenbau, since 2006 a branch of the Agricultural Technology Centre Augustenberg, was founded in 1917 by the Badische Landwirtschaftskammer (Baden Chamber of Agriculture) as an experimental and teaching material. In 1927 the Tobacco Research Institute was renamed and established. In 1936 the sponsorship changed to the German Reich. The institute now received the name Reichsanstalt für Tabakforschung. In 1945, the institution was integrated into the Baden district under the new name of Tabakforschungsinstitut (Tobacco Research Institute), and in 1952 it was reinstated under the auspices of the newly founded state of Baden-Württemberg. In 1953, the company again changed to the Federal Government under the name of Bundesanstalt für Tabakforschung (Federal Institute for Tobacco Research). In 1970 it was reintegrated into the state of Baden-Württemberg under the name Landesanstalt für Tabakbau und Tabakforschung. In 1972 he took over tasks in the field of general plant cultivation. In 1979, the Donaueschingen Seed Institute (investigations and research in the field of potato cultivation) was integrated into the company and operated together under the new name Landesanstalt für Pflanzenbau und Tabakforschung (State Institute for Plant Production and Tobacco Research), renamed Landesanstalt für Pflanzenbau in 1985. On 1.1.2007, the Landesanstalt für Pflanzenbau was integrated into the Agricultural Technology Centre Augustenberg and has since been run as a branch office in Forchheim. The documents of the Landesanstalt came to the General State Archives in Karlsruhe in 1993 and 2007 and mainly comprise documents from the time as a tobacco research institute as well as the Reichs- und Bundesanstalt für Tabakforschung. In 2007, the extensive tobacco collection of the institution was also transferred to the General State Archive Karlsruhe and shown as holdings 576-1.signed. Dr. Jürgen Treffeisen(December 2009)

Curriculum vitae Karl Fritz: Karl Fritz, born on 29 November 1914 in Pfullendorf as the son of a plasterer and a part-time farmer, was made possible by a scholarship to attend the grammar school in Constance. Immediately after graduating from high school, he completed his work service, which was followed by military service with the infantry regiment 114 in Konstanz and with the military district command in Ehingen an der Donau. From November 1, 1938, the day he joined the NSDAP, until October 31, 1941, he was an administrative candidate for the "upper middle administrative service" (including Überlingen, Konstanz, and Stockach), and from November 1, 1942 he was employed as a government inspector in various positions (including Karlsruhe and Sinsheim). From the summer of 1943 until the end of the war, he had joined the Wehrmacht and served in southern France. Based in Freiburg since October 1945, Karl Fritz resumed his administrative duties at the Ministry of the Interior. In 1952 he was transferred to the Transport Department of the South Baden Regional Council, where he retired in 1977 as a senior civil servant. Karl Fritz died on 29 November 1990 in Freiburg. Inventory history: According to family tradition, Karl Fritz, possibly inspired by the example of an uncle, began to "collect" contemporary historical material at an early age. He was employed by the authorities in which he was employed, and the main focus was on posters and brochures with duplicates. Its content is enhanced by the collection of banknotes, especially emergency money, which has been collected from all over the German Reich. The "Karl Fritz" collection, which had grown to a height of 40 m, was donated to the Freiburg State Archives in 1993. An initial inspection revealed that not all the documents were worthy of archiving. In addition, the collection contained material that was difficult to include in the documentation profile of the State Archives. Extensive order work followed. First, the newspaper collection and the literature on contemporary history were transferred to the service library of the State Archives and - in the case of documents on military history - to the Federal Archives and Military Archives; then the posters were separated and the W 113 collection of Karl Fritz posters was formed. A number of posters of East Prussian origin were handed over to the Geheime Staatsarchiv Preußischer Kulturbesitz, some pieces of Berlin origin to the Landesarchiv Berlin. The same happened with the picture material, from which the stock W 145/2 - picture collection Karl Fritz was created. The documents remaining in the remaining stock W 307 were subjected to a further examination in October 1998 and were roughly sorted after the non-archival documents (law and official gazettes, newspaper cuttings, duplicates of printed material and banknotes as well as newspaper series, which are available in the Freiburg UB) had been sorted out. Around 11 metres of shelving were fed into the cassation and the remaining nine metres were listed in order to obtain an initial overview of the available material and to allow provisional access. The collection consists of various contemporary materials on German history since the foundation of the German Reich in 1871 with a clear focus on the period of National Socialism as well as on the post-war period. 2004-2005, as part of an ABM measure, this provisional indexing of the W 307 - Karl Fritz Collection was replaced by a more in-depth indexing. The intention was to generally improve the accessibility of this collection. In addition, preparatory work should also be carried out to enable the digital presentation of the banknotes on the Internet. The archive employee Martin Schittny took over the task of cataloguing and digitising the collection. As the first result the archive find book for the stock W 307 - Collection Karl Fritz can now be presented. It will be followed as an online application by the approximately 5,500 digitalised Karl Fritz image database, which now comprises 1531 numbers (numbers 265, 512, 609 and 706 are not documented) in 6.5 lfd.m.Freiburg, in January 2006 Kurt Hochstuhl.

Abwicklung, Allgemeiner Geschäftsbetrieb, Alforderungen, Buchungen: Werk Karlsruhe, Deutsch-Koloniale-Gerbstoff GmbH, Werk Leipzig, Sauerstoffwerke

Foreword: The Tax Directorate was removed from the area of responsibility of the District Directorates by ordinance of 3 March 1826 on the administration of direct and indirect levies (cf. volume 313). After Baden joined the Zollverein, the ordinance of 16.07.1835 established an independent Customs Directorate, which was initially only a section of the Tax Directorate. The year 1909 finally brought the reunification of the two directorates under the name Customs and Tax Directorate. On 01.01.1919 the business of this authority was transferred to the Landesfinanzamt (State Tax Office) established by the Reich (cf. inventory 452). The stock at hand is therefore a mixed stock. The circumference is not particularly large with 4.8 linear metres of shelving. A separation into three stocks therefore did not appear to make sense. The largest part of the inventory is made up of treasure law (tax cadastre), customs law and customs administration. The focus of the files lies on the period between 1815 and 1835. Further documents of the provenance tax directorate could be determined in connection with the provenance regulations for the equalization of holdings with the State Archives Freiburg in the holdings 136, 163, 184, 196, 207, 209, 211, 219 and 225. The present find book was developed as a prototype of a digitisation project in the General State Archives for the conversion of paper into tape repertories. The card index from the 50's was read by scanner and text recognition software and revised by the undersigned. The search possibilities were improved with the help of a concordance as well as place, person and subject indexes. Karlsruhe, June 2001 Johannes Renz

History of the Inventory Designer: Under the name Rechnungshof des Norddeutschen Bund (Court of Audit of the North German Confederation), the Prussian Chamber of Upper Legislation took control of the budget of the German Reich for the financial years 1867-1869 for the first time, renaming the authority the Rechnungshof des Deutschen Reiches (Court of Audit of the German Reich). In addition to controlling the Reich's budget, the Oberrechnungskammer, in its function as Court of Audit, was responsible for auditing the budget of Alsace-Lorraine (1874-1919) and for controlling the budget of the protectorate (since 1892/95 Africa, since 1898 all protectorates). The Court of Audit (Rechungshof, RH) was chaired by the Chief President of the Chamber of Appeal; its members were appointed by the Emperor at the suggestion of the Federal Council. The task of auditing the accounts of the Reich's budget had to be transferred to the Upper Chamber of Accounts by repeated individual legislation, usually on an annual basis. Article 86 p. 2 of the Weimar Constitution ("The audit of accounts is regulated by the Reich Law") established the audit of accounts for the Reich Administration under constitutional law. The Reich Budget Code of 31.12.1922 accordingly provided for the fundamental audit of the Reich budget by the Court of Audit of the German Reich (legalization of the audit of the "economic efficiency of the administration"). Thus, for the first time, auditing was fixed as a right of the state; at the same time, the establishment of the Court of Audit as an independent Reich authority independent of the Reich government was regulated. The Imperial Budget Code determined - as an important objective of the Court of Audit after examination of the submitted annual accounts - to prepare memoranda on the most important audit results and to submit proposals to the Imperial Government for the amendment and interpretation of laws in order to remedy identified deficiencies in the administration. The Court of Audit of the Weimar Republic represented a college of President, Directors and Councillors, which decided all fundamental matters by majority vote in the Plenary Assembly. In order to decide on matters that were limited in scope and only concerned individual administrative areas, the Reich Budget Code granted the formation of senates consisting of at least 3 members. In addition, the expert activity could be carried out at the request of the Reich Ministers, the Reich Parliament and the Reich Council; in addition, companies with their own legal personality could also be audited by the Court of Audit. The President and the other members of the Court of Audit were now appointed by the President of the Reich, countersigned by the Reich Minister of Finance. The President of the Court of Audit was also responsible for the management of the Prussian Chamber of Accounts. From October 1, 1922, however, he no longer headed the Prussian but the Reichsbehörde full-time. Presidents of the Court of Audit were: 1869-1890: Karl Ewald von Stünzner 1890-1898: Arthur Paul Ferdinand von Wolff 1898-1914: Eduard Ludwig Karl von Magdeburg 1914-1922: Ernst Holz 1922-1938 Friedrich Ernst Moritz Saemisch 1938-1945 Heinrich Müller 1922 was also appointed Reichssparkommissara with the task, together with the Reich Minister of Finance, of examining the entire budget and drawing up expert opinions on it. He was supported by the savings committee of the Reichstag. In December 1933 this office was closed again and the tasks were transferred to the new presidential department of the Court of Audit. As the supreme audit and control authority, the Court of Audit was responsible for supervising the entire Reich budget by examining the budget accounts, including the unscheduled income and expenditure of all Reich administrations, the accounts for the entire non-monetary property of the Reich as well as the books and accounting documents of the enterprises of the Reich. Since the end of the First World War, the Court of Audit has also had to increasingly control the use of Reich funds, which flowed into the private economy in the form of loans, credits, guarantees, subsidies and participations, by including both important business enterprises and a rich country of smaller enterprises in its audit area. The internal structure of the RH remained essentially unchanged throughout its existence. It was divided into the presidential department and a changing number of audit departments, to which the authorities and companies to be audited were allocated according to objective criteria. For the collection and cartographic indexing of laws, ordinances, administrative provisions, official regulations and other documents required for auditing the accounts, a news agency was attached to the Presidential Department, which from 1937 was known as the "Archive". In 1933 the Court of Audit was confirmed as an independent supreme Reich authority vis-à-vis the Reich government, but the previous procedure of majority decisions was abolished and the President was largely granted authority to issue directives to all organs of the Court of Audit. With the exception of the Wehrmacht control and the use audit of state subsidies to the NSDAP, the Court was initially able to perform its duties within the framework of financial control to the full extent even after 1933. In 1934, the office of the Reich Savings Commissioner, who was responsible for advising the Reich government on all matters relating to budget management and the appropriate design, simplification and cost reduction of the administration, was dissolved and its most important functions transferred to an office of the Presidential Department of the Court of Audit. Also from 1934, the Act on the Maintenance and Increase of Purchasing Power (Gesetz zur Erhaltung und Hebung der Kaufkraft) made it possible to extend the jurisdiction of the Court of Audit to include the auditing of corporations, institutions and other legal entities under public law (finally laid down by law in the Reich Auditing Ordinance of 30 March 1938). In the course of the imperial reform efforts of the Third Reich, the "Law on the Budgetary Management, Accounting and Auditing of the Länder and on the Fourth Amendment to the Reich Budget Code" of 17 June 1936 brought important changes: with the beginning of the 1936 accounting year, the auditing of the budget and economic management of the Länder was transferred to the Technical University. For this purpose, based on the already existing State Audit Offices, the Regional Court set up in 1937 foreign departments responsible for one or more Länder, initially in Hamburg, Karlsruhe, Leipzig (from 1940 Dresden) and Munich. Later Vienna (1939), Poznan (1942) and Metz (1942) were added. These external departments of the Court of Audit were assigned "accounting offices" by the Länder as preliminary audit offices in accordance with the "Vorprüfordnung für die Länder" of 9 April 1937. After 1938, especially during the war, the focus of the audit activities of the Court of Audit shifted: on the one hand, the audit of the administrations in the so-called "Old Empire" was reduced, on the other hand, however, the jurisdiction of the Court of Audit was extended to all German administrations in the occupied territories and also exercised there to a large extent. Only the Generalgouvernement and the autonomous protectorate government had their own examination offices. . Inventory description: Inventory history The majority of the RH's registry, which is already in the Reichsarchiv, was transferred to the former Central State Archives of the GDR after the war. At the end of the war, a further part of the existing records was still kept in the RH buildings in Potsdam and Berlin and was archived after 1946. The losses caused by the Allied air raid on Potsdam in April 1945 amount to approx. 9 running metres. Since the Prussian Oberrechungskammer took over the examination of Reichaufgabe für Kunst, Wissenschaft, kirchliche Angelegenheiten und Forstwirtschaft in 1934 (the Prussian Oberrechungskammer already had corresponding departments for these areas), these records - as well as the previous files of the Court of Audit in the holdings of Rep. 138 of the Geheimes Staatsarchiv, Stiftung prußischer Kulturbesitz. Archival evaluation and processing The registries of the Court of Audit distinguished three groups of files according to the tasks of the authority, which are also reflected in the classification: - General files - Technical files with special audit documents and instructions - Audit files for the actual audit negotiations. In this finding aid book, both the relevant files of the tradition kept until 1990 in the Central State Archives as fonds R 2301 and the files kept in the Federal Archives as fonds R 47 are recorded. Although the necessary standardisation of individual development information was achieved by merging the two parts of the transmission, a complete re-drawing did not take place. The general files were kept according to a uniform file plan and are summarised at the beginning of the inventory. The specialist and examination files are arranged according to the most recently valid business distribution plan. In addition, the files of the "archive" are listed separately as a relatively independent structural part with various special registries. The creation of archival file titles, volume sequences and series was usually required when the files were recorded; the creation of identical titles was unavoidable due to the specific nature of the structure. Characterisation of content: The Court of Audit's transmission more or less comprehensively covers the authority's entire spectrum of tasks with the following focal points: - Organisational, legal, administrative and operational matters - Court of Audit and Reich Savings Commissioner - Civil servant duties and rights - Affairs of employees and workers - Budget, cash, accounting and auditing - Specialist and audit files on individual authorities and companies such as the Reich Ministry of Finance, the Reich Ministry of Labor, the Reich Ministry of the Interior, the Reich Office for Regional Planning, the Reich Nourishment State, Reich offices and main associations, Vereinigte Industrieunternehmungen AG und Untergesellschaften (VIAG), Kleinbahnunternehmen und Wohnungsbauunternehmen, Hauptversorgungs- und Versorgungsämter sowie Wehrmachttversorgungsämter - Collection of administrative reports, statutes and other printed matter from local and district administrations (locations A-Z) - Budgets and budget accounts of the Länder and municipal institutions - Gesetzsammelmappen In addition, 3089 personnel files are part of the inventory. , citation style: BArch, R 2301/...

Appointment as professor of the pianist Moritz Mayer in Berlin-Wilmersdorf called "Mayer-Mahr", of Dr. Heinrich Karl Nicklisch of the Handelshochschule Mannheim, of the librarian Dr. Max Oeser in Mannheim, of the director of the conservatory in Karlsruhe Heinrich Ordenstein, of the teacher Walter Petzer at the conservatory in Karlsruhe, of the pianist Theodor Pfeiffer in Baden-Baden, of the painter Otto Propheter in Karlsruhe, of Dr. Max Richter as director of the AG Färberei De. Printz in Karlsruhe, the pianist and director of the Musikbildungsanstalt in Karlsruhe, Cornelius Rübner, Dr. Mathias Schlegel from the Institute of Hygiene at the University of Freiburg, the librarian Dr. Julius Schwab from the University Library of Freiburg, the painter Wilhelm Süs as chairman of the Majolikamanufaktur in Karlsruhe, the trainee teacher in the colonial service Dr. Karl Uhlig zu Daressalam, the painter Hans Richard von Volkmann zu Karlsruhe, the Dr. Friedrich Wilhelm Walter of the Altertumsverein Mannheim, the Dr. Max Wingenroth of the Collections for Classical Antiquities and Ethnology and the chamber virtuoso Florian Joseph Zajic in the Mannheim Hoforchester

1st administrative history/biography: Carl Bach was born on 08.03.1847 in Stollberg in the Erzgebirge mountains as the son of the saddler master and carriage builder Heinrich Julius Bach. After attending primary school and private school in Stollberg, he completed an apprenticeship as a locksmith. In the years 1863 and 1864 he worked in the steam engine construction of the company R. Hartmann in Chemnitz. During this time he learned English in addition to his work. Then he was first a pupil of the Gewerbschule, later of the Werkmeisterschule, where he graduated at Easter 1866 with the overall grade 1 and the silver medal, which was only awarded in one copy. This year he took part in planning work for the Chemnitz water pipeline under the direction of Prof. Kankelwitz. After the following studies at the Polytechnikum Dresden he followed Prof. Kankelwitz as assistant for the years 1868 to 1872 to Stuttgart. After this time Bach studied again, this time with Grashof at the TH Karlsruhe, where he earned his diploma in 1873. In the following five years he worked as an engineer in Wollwich, London and Vienna, finally becoming director of Lausitzer Maschinenfabrik AG in Bautzen. He was elected to the Zittau Chamber of Commerce in 1877 and married in the same year. On 01 October 1878, Bach was appointed full professor of mechanical engineering at the Technical University of Stuttgart, where he established the Materials Testing Institute in 1884 and the Engineering Laboratory eleven years later. From 1885 to 1888 he was rector of the TH Stuttgart. One year later, on 20 June 1889, Bach was awarded the silver commemorative medal by the King of Württemberg on the occasion of the 25th anniversary of the government. In February 1892 he received the Knight's Cross and on 25 November 1895 the Honorary Cross of the Order of the Württemberg Crown, connected with the nobility of persons. He was also awarded the title of "Construction Director". Already in 1883 Carl Bach was appointed to the Federal Polytechnic in Zurich, in 1895 to the Technical University in Berlin and in 1902 unofficially to the Technical University in Vienna. However, he did not follow any of these calls. On 22 March 1911 he was awarded the Commander's Cross of the 2nd Class of the Albrecht Order by King Friedrich August of Saxony, in 1914 the title "Staatsrat", in February 1916 he was awarded the Wilhelmskreuz by the King of Württemberg, in February 1918 the Commander's Cross of the Order of the Württemberg Crown. Also this year Bach was the first technician in Württemberg to receive the title "Excellence". From 1912 to 1918 Carl von Bach was a member of the 1st Chamber of the Württemberg State Parliament for the TH Stuttgart. On his 70th birthday, 1917, he became an honorary citizen of his hometown Stollberg and on his 80th birthday an honorary citizen of Stuttgart. In 1920 the senate of the TH Stuttgart had him paint for the senate hall. Two years later Bach was emeritus. In 1926 Bach was painted again, this time for the conference hall of the VDI in Berlin. Carl von Bach died in Stuttgart on 10 October 1931. He holds honorary doctorates from the TH Berlin (1903), the University of Tübingen (1927), the TH Vienna (1927), and the TH Stuttgart (1927). In close cooperation and lively exchange of ideas with renowned entrepreneurs and inventors such as Robert Bosch, Paul Daimler, Rudolf Diesel, Count Ferdinand von Zeppelin and many others, Bach succeeded in bridging the gap in mechanical engineering between practitioners such as Redtenbacher (Karlsruhe) and theorists such as Reuleaux (Berlin) by purposefully combining theory and practice through experimental research in mechanical engineering and civil engineering. In order to secure the scientific basis, Bach successfully established two research institutes, the Materials Testing Institute 1884, of which he was director until 1922, and the Engineering Laboratory 1895. On his initiative, the first chair for aeronautics and automotive engineering was established in Germany in 1925, together with the associated laboratory. Based on his work, Bach is regarded as the founder of static elasticity and strength theory. Both from his own experience and from his work in business circles and technical associations, Bach was aware that the rapid development of German industry required a fundamental reform of engineering education. He demanded a "workshop practice" of at least one year. Bach considered solid practical experience supplemented by thorough, comprehensive training in natural science and technical subjects, but also the teaching of humanities disciplines, the "humanisation of technical universities", to be absolutely essential for the engineer of the future. His educational policy intentions, which he realized in his more than 40 years of work at the Technical University of Stuttgart, he achieved above all through the Association of German Engineers. The appreciation of Bach as a teacher and scholar is expressed not only by his appointments to other universities, but also by the orders and honours of crowned heads and associations of a technical, scientific and socio-political nature, as well as the magnificent letter of thanks from the students of the TH Stuttgart. 2nd inventory description: Carl von Bach (1847-1931) was one of the most important German technical scientists of his time. In the field of mechanical engineering and material testing he did pioneering work, which is the basis for today's problems and solutions. The estate of Carl von Bach comprises a total of about 40 running metres. Archive material. However, this material does not only contain the scientific legacy of Bach, but much more: in addition to the scientific works - almost all manuscripts of his major works are available in various editions - an extensive part of his private legacy is also preserved. In addition, the University Archives also contain the estate of his son Julius Bach. He was bequeathed in his will the entire legacy of his father's writings, which he finally bequeathed to the then Technical University of Karl-Marx-Stadt alongside his own. Particularly valuable in the estate of Carl von Bach, if one can even pick out a subgroup, is the traditional business correspondence. On approx. 50,000 sheets, both the correspondence received and the correspondence sent out over the period from 1876 to 1931 are almost completely handed down. Because of Bach's focus on work and research, the theory of strength and elasticity, of which he was a co-founder, he came into contact with various representatives from science and industry. Moreover, Bach was a very socially committed person, which is also reflected in this correspondence. However, the preservation of the tradition is endangered. In particular, the copial books with the outgoing correspondence will only be released for use in exceptional cases. The degree of preservation of the writing material is particularly problematic here. As a rule, the deceased did not use commercially available ink, but mixed it himself in varying compositions, some of which faded very strongly. In addition, the transparent paper of the books is only of little stability. For this reason, the business correspondence in the Bach estate was completely filmed and digitized. Selected documents are recorded on colour film and are available as negatives and positives. The Subdivision of the Estate Carl von Bach's estate is divided into six sections in its provisionally final stage of indexing: I. Biographical material This group includes personal documents, testimonies of his educational and professional career, documents about his military service, honours, vocations, anniversaries and autobiographical records. II. private correspondence This is arranged chronologically according to the members of the family and within them. Of these, the correspondence with his son Julius is the most extensive and certainly also the most interesting, since it contains the discussions of various technical problems that were conducted between the two scientists. III. business correspondence This cannot claim to be complete, but the extent of the overdelivery is impressive. Particularly remarkable is the tradition of the outgoing mail, which is recorded in a total of 35 copial books on approx. 35000 sheets. They cover the period from 1876 to 1903 and from 1909 to his death in 1931. Within these copies the letters are arranged chronologically and for almost each of these books there is a register of names of the addressees, which has been made by the deceased. However, the Kopialbücher also contain copies of incoming letters and various concepts, orders, etc., which Bach probably regarded as particularly important. Also the mail archived in this group is quite remarkable with 18 000 sheets. In total, there are about 2500 correspondents in the group of business correspondence. With regard to the two sections on private and business correspondence, it should be noted that correspondence can also be found outside these sections, in the fact files. IV. Business papers Here you will find the manuscripts of his countless publications, statements and expert opinions on the fields of science covered by Bach, as well as extensive material collections on these questions. His work on material testing, the durability of steam boilers and riveted joints, etc. can be particularly well understood here. Bach himself created firm portfolios in which he collected all possible processes into one subject and then labeled them accordingly. This state of order and distortion was largely adopted during the earlier processing of the estate, without verifying the content in detail. This situation was resolved in 2007. The order by subject has been maintained, but the folders have been repackaged and the file titles have been supplemented with extensive "Contains" notes to facilitate access to this material. In addition, papers from the estate of Julius Bach were added to this section, but these clearly have their origin in Carl Bach. V. Material Collections Various types of material have been summarized here. This concerns e.g. his membership cards, orders, promotional gifts, material samples or also different photos. Sections 4 and 5 have not been rearranged, but have been taken over from the original legator. VI. Non-provenance material Here is the material about the legator that was later added to the estate, such as obituaries or copies of and about Bach from other archives. In the revision of the estate, further material on Carl Bach was added. Of particular note here are the numerous photos of the Carl Bach family, which were made available in digital form for the collection. The inventory signature is the number 302, followed by an indication in Roman numerals and the individually numbered file units (in Arabic numerals). The Roman numerals indicate the six different groups. Example: 302 / III / 0123 Carl von Bach estate estate / business correspondence / foreign correspondence America: Argentina, Chile, Canada, USA Inventory processing The Carl von Bach estate has not yet been finally catalogued. At the beginning of the processing in the 80s a file was created, which was the basis for the input into the database at the end of the 90s. The data was transferred unchanged. A new classification was developed for the estate, according to which the entered units of registration are arranged. New file titles have been created in the Biographical Material, Private and Business Correspondence sections. In 2007, sections IV to VI were finally developed in greater depth. Although most of the titles of the files in the business papers and material collections were originally taken over by the testator, they were supplemented with extensive remarks. The present finding aid book thus represents the most recent state of processing for the time being. Digitisation The correspondence in the estate has been completely filmed and digitised from the film. Due to the state of preservation, the originals are no longer released for use. A high quality silver halide film has been used to secure the existence of the company. As a rule, this part of the estate is used via the electronic data on the PC. The designation of the CD-ROM corresponds to that of the file unit. During scanning, the individual sheets were numbered consecutively. The first part of the file name, however, reflects the file unit. However, the file numbers do not match the page number. 3. state of indexing/scope: indexed; find book, database, digitised material; scope: 40.75 running metres.

Contents: An overview of the contents can be found in the classification. History of origins: Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Theodor Christoph Heinrich Rehbock (*12.04.1864 in Amsterdam, 17.08.1950 in Baden-Baden) studied civil engineering in Munich and Berlin from 1884 to 1890. After the diploma examination and the government building leader examination he worked from 1890 to 1892 in Berlin at the Reichstag building administration, then from 1893 to 1894 in the Bremen building administration. After passing the government building master examination in 1894, he worked in Berlin as a consulting engineer for hydraulic engineering and undertook journeys through Europe, to Canada and the USA as well as to South America and 1896/97 to southern Africa. In 1899 he was appointed full professor at the Technical University of Karlsruhe, where he established the river engineering laboratory and served as rector in the academic years 1907/08, 1917/18 and 1925/26. In 1934 Rehbock was emeritus. Pre-archival inventory history: Foreword by Klaus-Peters Hoepke in the provisional find book: "The inventory changed location several times between its creation and its transfer to the university archive. In 1943 Rehbock obtained permission from the rector to bring his papers from the river engineering laboratory to his house in Baden-Baden to arrange them. When Baden-Baden became a military restricted area in the autumn of 1944, Rehbock moved it to his alternative quarters in Ried b. Benediktbeuren/Obb. At the end of the war he took her back to Baden-Baden. Since his house was confiscated by the French military administration, he had to move again - taking his papers with him. During Rehbock's lifetime, but at the latest after his death, individual pieces of furniture, parts of his library, these papers - probably supplemented by parts of the written private estate - reached the Technical University of Karlsruhe. In September 1992 Prof. Dr. techn. Peter Larsen and PD Dr.-Ing. Hans Helmut Bernhart of the Theodor Rebock Institute arranged for the fundus to be transferred to the university archive. Furthermore Dr.-Ing. Andreas Richter from the Institute of Hydromechanics handed over a bundle of Rehbock manuscripts of the lecture on weirs to the archive in January 1995; it was added to the collection under the serial number 63a. The inventory listed below is made up of parts of the service room estate and private papers. In view of the distances travelled, experience has shown that it is hardly probable that the fundus that existed around 1943 is still completely preserved. After the war, for example, there must have been two folders with the correspondence that Rehbock had kept with the nestor of German hydraulic engineering, Hubert Engels from Dresden, a colleague he held in high esteem. In any case, the effects of war had destroyed not only countless measurement records, plans, etc. but also the historically valuable and extensive collection of site plans of the Rhine models: According to Rehbock, the already print-ready collection documented "the best I could achieve in the experimental world". (So to Anton Grzywienski, 15.12.1946, no. 162) [...] In Baden-Baden Rehbock actually dealt with arranging his papers. He probably used the registration plan as a basis, according to which he had correspondence, sketches, plans, etc. filed during his active time in the river engineering laboratory. (This registry plan no longer exists, so that the presumed losses can no longer be determined). Above all, Rehbock added explanatory remarks for posterity to individual folders or documents. Many documents then contain underscores, paint strokes or margin notes made with coloured pencils (red, purple or green). Unfortunately, it is not always clear whether these are traces of processing from the course of business or later highlights, which it seemed advisable to place roebuck in view of posterity." Archive history: Most of the documents were transferred from the Theodor Rehbock Institute to the university archive in September 1992. A small levy was made in January 1995 from the Institute of Hydromechanics (No 63a). The Institute for Hydraulic Engineering and Cultural Engineering, which emerged from the Theodor Rehbock Institute, submitted further documents in 1996, which Hoepke classified partly in "Signatures" he had created and partly under No. 351-381. Numbers 370-381 included 1,345 photographic glass plates. These were included in a provisional list in late 2003 and filmed and digitised at the turn of the year 2003/04. On 02.06.2008 the addition 29/? was added to the inventory as signature number 406. Explanation of the order: The order of the inventory was established in its basic features according to the order carried out by Theodor Rehbock. Changes took place in the initial stock formation in the university archive (see Archivische Bestandgeschichte) and in the digitisation of the finding aid in 2005. Indexing information: In the second quarter of 2005, the finding aid available in electronic form was easily edited and imported into the finding aid database. The existing classification was adopted largely unchanged. During the digitization of the finding aid, signatures with alphanumeric additions were changed to purely numeric signatures. Classification overview: 1. personalia 2. colonial matters 3. university matters 4. memberships 5. manuscripts 6. divining rod 7. structural engineering 8. technical contacts in the USA 9. tooth sleeper patent and its exploitation 9.0 general 9.1 German projects 9.2 Company Dyckerhoff 9.3 Company Philips